Chapter NR 440

NR 440.76(6)(a)4.c. c. Six months after they transfer to the municipal waste combustion unit or 6 months after they are hired to work at the municipal waste combustion unit.

NR 440.76(6)(b) (b) After the required date for operator certification, who may operate the municipal waste combustion unit? After the required date for full or provisional certifications, you may not operate your municipal waste combustion unit unless one of the following 4 employees is on duty:

NR 440.76(6)(b)1. 1. A fully certified chief facility operator.

NR 440.76(6)(b)2. 2. A provisionally certified chief facility operator who is scheduled to take the full certification exam.

NR 440.76(6)(b)3. 3. A fully certified shift supervisor.

NR 440.76(6)(b)4. 4. A provisionally certified shift supervisor who is scheduled to take the full certification exam.

NR 440.76(6)(c) (c) What if all the certified operators must be temporarily offsite? If the certified chief facility operator and certified shift supervisor both are unavailable, a provisionally certified control room operator at the municipal waste combustion unit may fulfill the certified operator requirement. Depending on the length of time that a certified chief facility operator and certified shift supervisor are away, you shall meet one of the following 3 criteria:

NR 440.76(6)(c)1. 1. When the certified chief facility operator and certified shift supervisor are both offsite for 12 hours or less, and no other certified operator is onsite, the provisionally certified control room operator may perform the required duties without notice to, or approval by, the department.

NR 440.76(6)(c)2. 2. When the certified chief facility operator and certified shift supervisor are offsite for more than 12 hours, but for 2 weeks or less, and no other certified operator is onsite, the provisionally certified control room operator may perform the required duties without notice to, or approval by, the department. However, you shall record the period when the certified chief facility operator and certified shift supervisor are offsite and include that information in the annual report as specified under sub. (13) (h) 12.

NR 440.76(6)(c)3. 3. When the certified chief facility operator and certified shift supervisor are offsite for more than 2 weeks, and no other certified operator is onsite, the provisionally certified control room operator may perform the required duties without approval by the department. However, you shall take the following 2 actions:

NR 440.76(6)(c)3.a. a. Notify the department in writing. In the notice, state what caused the absence and what you are doing to ensure that a certified chief facility operator or certified shift supervisor is onsite.

NR 440.76(6)(c)3.b. b. Submit a status report and corrective action summary to the department every 4 weeks following the initial notification. If the department notifies you that your status report or corrective action summary is disapproved, the municipal waste combustion unit may continue operation for 90 days, but then shall cease operation. If corrective actions are taken in the 90-day period such that the department withdraws the disapproval, municipal waste combustion unit operation may continue.

NR 440.76(7) (7) Good combustion practices: operating requirements.

NR 440.76(7)(a) (a) What are the operating practice requirements for my municipal waste combustion unit?

NR 440.76(7)(a)1. 1. You may not operate your municipal waste combustion unit at loads greater than 110% of the maximum demonstrated load of the municipal waste combustion unit, based on a 4-hour block average, as specified in sub. (2).

NR 440.76(7)(a)2. 2. You may not operate your municipal waste combustion unit so that the temperature at the inlet of the particulate matter control device exceeds 17°C above the maximum demonstrated temperature of the particulate matter control device, based on a 4-hour block average, as specified in sub. (2).

NR 440.76(7)(a)3. 3. If your municipal waste combustion unit uses activated carbon to control dioxins/furans or mercury emissions, you shall maintain an 8-hour block average carbon feed rate at or above the highest average level established during the most recent dioxins/furans or mercury test.

NR 440.76(7)(a)4. 4. If your municipal waste combustion unit uses activated carbon to control dioxins/furans or mercury emissions, you shall evaluate total carbon usage for each calendar quarter. The total amount of carbon purchased and delivered to your municipal waste combustion plant shall be at or above the required quarterly usage of carbon. At your option, you may choose to evaluate required quarterly carbon usage on a municipal waste combustion unit basis for each individual municipal waste combustion unit at your plant. Calculate the required quarterly usage of carbon using the equation in sub. (15) (f) 1. or 2.

NR 440.76(7)(a)5. 5. Your municipal waste combustion unit is exempt from limits on load level, temperature at the inlet of the particulate matter control device, and carbon feed rate during any of the following 5 situations:

NR 440.76(7)(a)5.a. a. During your annual tests for dioxins/furans.

NR 440.76(7)(a)5.b. b. During your annual mercury tests, for carbon feed rate requirements only.

NR 440.76(7)(a)5.c. c. During the 2 weeks preceding your annual tests for dioxins/furans.

NR 440.76(7)(a)5.d. d. During the 2 weeks preceding your annual mercury tests, for carbon feed rate requirements only.

NR 440.76(7)(a)5.e. e. Whenever the department permits you to do any of the following 5 activities:

1) Evaluate system performance.

2) Test new technology or control technologies.

3) Perform diagnostic testing.

4) Perform other activities to improve the performance of your municipal waste combustion unit.

5) Perform other activities to advance the state of the art for emission controls for your municipal waste combustion unit.

NR 440.76(7)(b) (b) What happens to the operating requirements during periods of startup, shutdown and malfunction?

NR 440.76(7)(b)1. 1. The operating requirements of this section apply at all times except during periods of municipal waste combustion unit startup, shutdown or malfunction.

NR 440.76(7)(b)2. 2. Each startup, shutdown or malfunction may not last for longer than 3 hours.

NR 440.76(8) (8) Emission limits.

NR 440.76(8)(a) (a) What pollutants are regulated by this section? The following 11 pollutants, in 4 groupings, are regulated:

NR 440.76(8)(a)1. 1. ‘Organics.’ Dioxins/furans.

NR 440.76(8)(a)2. 2. ‘Metals.’

NR 440.76(8)(a)2.a. a. Cadmium.

NR 440.76(8)(a)2.b. b. Lead.

NR 440.76(8)(a)2.c. c. Mercury.

NR 440.76(8)(a)2.d. d. Opacity.

NR 440.76(8)(a)2.e. e. Particulate matter.

NR 440.76(8)(a)3. 3. ‘Acid gases.’

NR 440.76(8)(a)3.a. a. Hydrogen chloride.

NR 440.76(8)(a)3.b. b. Nitrogen oxides.

NR 440.76(8)(a)3.c. c. Sulfur dioxide.

NR 440.76(8)(a)4. 4. ‘Other.’

NR 440.76(8)(a)4.a. a. Carbon monoxide.

NR 440.76(8)(a)4.b. b. Fugitive ash.

NR 440.76(8)(b) (b) What emission limits must I meet and by when? You shall meet the emission limits specified in Tables 1 and 2 of this section. You shall meet the limits 60 days after your municipal waste combustion unit reaches the maximum load level but no later than 180 days after its initial startup.

NR 440.76(8)(c) (c) What happens to the emission limits during periods of startup, shutdown and malfunction?

NR 440.76(8)(c)1. 1. The emission limits of this section apply at all times except during periods of municipal waste combustion unit startup, shutdown or malfunction.

NR 440.76(8)(c)2. 2. Each startup, shutdown or malfunction may not last for longer than 3 hours.

NR 440.76(8)(c)3. 3. A maximum of 3 hours of test data may be dismissed from compliance calculations during periods of startup, shutdown or malfunction.

NR 440.76(8)(c)4. 4. During startup, shutdown or malfunction periods longer than 3 hours, emissions data cannot be discarded from compliance calculations and all provisions under s. NR 440.11 (4) apply.

NR 440.76(9) (9) Continuous emission monitoring.

NR 440.76(9)(a) (a) What types of continuous emission monitoring must I perform? To continuously monitor emissions, you shall perform the following 4 tasks:

NR 440.76(9)(a)1. 1. Install continuous emission monitoring systems for certain gaseous pollutants.

NR 440.76(9)(a)2. 2. Make sure your continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly.

NR 440.76(9)(a)3. 3. Make sure you obtain the minimum amount of monitoring data.

NR 440.76(9)(a)4. 4. Install a continuous opacity monitoring system.

NR 440.76(9)(b) (b) What continuous emission monitoring systems must I install for gaseous pollutants?

NR 440.76(9)(b)1. 1. You shall install, calibrate, maintain and operate continuous emission monitoring systems for oxygen or carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide. If you operate a Class I municipal waste combustion unit, you shall also install, calibrate, maintain and operate a continuous emission monitoring system for nitrogen oxides. You shall install the continuous emission monitoring systems for sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and oxygen or carbon dioxide at the outlet of the air pollution control device.

NR 440.76(9)(b)2. 2. You shall install, evaluate and operate each continuous emission monitoring system according to the monitoring requirements in s. NR 440.13.

NR 440.76(9)(b)3. 3. You shall monitor the oxygen or carbon dioxide concentration at each location where you monitor sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide. Additionally, if you operate a Class I municipal waste combustion unit, you shall also monitor the oxygen or carbon dioxide concentration at the location where you monitor nitrogen oxides.

NR 440.76(9)(b)4. 4. You may choose to monitor carbon dioxide instead of oxygen as a diluent gas. If you choose to monitor carbon dioxide, then an oxygen monitor is not required, and you shall follow the requirements in par. (g).

NR 440.76(9)(b)5. 5. If you choose to demonstrate compliance by monitoring the percent reduction of sulfur dioxide, you shall also install continuous emission monitoring systems for sulfur dioxide and oxygen or carbon dioxide at the inlet of the air pollution control device.

NR 440.76(9)(b)6. 6. If you prefer to use an alternative sulfur dioxide monitoring method, such as parametric monitoring, or cannot monitor emissions at the inlet of the air pollution control device to determine percent reduction, you may apply to the department for approval to use an alternative monitoring method under s. NR 440.13 (9).

NR 440.76(9)(c) (c) How are the data from the continuous emission monitoring systems used? You shall use data from the continuous emission monitoring systems for sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide to demonstrate continuous compliance with the emission limits specified in Tables 1 and 2 of this section. To demonstrate compliance for dioxins/furans, cadmium, lead, mercury, particulate matter, opacity, hydrogen chloride and fugitive ash, you shall meet sub. (10) (b).

NR 440.76(9)(d) (d) How do I make sure my continuous emission monitoring systems are operating correctly?

NR 440.76(9)(d)1. 1. You shall conduct initial, daily, quarterly and annual evaluations of your continuous emission monitoring systems that measure oxygen or carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides (for Class I municipal waste combustion units only) and carbon monoxide.

NR 440.76(9)(d)2. 2. You shall complete your initial evaluation of the continuous emission monitoring systems within 60 days after your municipal waste combustion unit reaches the maximum load level at which it will operate, but no later than 180 days after its initial startup.

NR 440.76(9)(d)3. 3. For initial and annual evaluations, you shall collect data concurrently, or within 30 to 60 minutes, using your oxygen or carbon dioxide continuous emission monitoring system, your sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, or carbon monoxide continuous emission monitoring systems, as appropriate, and the appropriate test methods specified in Table 3 of this section. You shall collect the data during each initial and annual evaluation of your continuous emission monitoring systems following the applicable performance specifications in 40 CFR part 60, Appendix B, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 (1). Table 4 of this section shows the performance specifications that apply to each continuous emission monitoring system.

NR 440.76(9)(d)4. 4. You shall follow the quality assurance procedures in 40 CFR part 60, Appendix F, Procedure 1, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 (1), for each continuous emission monitoring system. The procedures include daily calibration drift and quarterly accuracy determinations.

NR 440.76(9)(e) (e) Am I exempt from any requirements to evaluate continuous emission monitoring systems under 40 CFR part 60, Appendix B or F, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 (1)? Yes, the accuracy tests for your sulfur dioxide continuous emission monitoring system require you to also evaluate your oxygen or carbon dioxide continuous emission monitoring system. Therefore, your oxygen or carbon dioxide continuous emission monitoring system is exempt from the following 2 requirements:

NR 440.76(9)(e)1. 1. Relative accuracy requirement in 40 CFR part 60, Appendix B, section 2.3 of Performance Specification 3, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 (1).

NR 440.76(9)(e)2. 2. Relative accuracy test audit in 40 CFR part 60, Appendix F, section 5.1.1, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 (1).

NR 440.76(9)(f) (f) What is my schedule for evaluating continuous emission monitoring systems?

NR 440.76(9)(f)1. 1. You shall conduct annual evaluations of your continuous emission monitoring systems no more than 13 months after the previous evaluation was conducted.

NR 440.76(9)(f)2. 2. You shall evaluate your continuous emission monitoring systems daily and quarterly as specified in 40 CFR part 60, Appendix F, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 (1).

NR 440.76(9)(g) (g) What must I do if I choose to monitor carbon dioxide instead of oxygen as a diluent gas? You shall establish the relationship between oxygen and carbon dioxide during the initial evaluation of your continuous emission monitoring systems. You may reestablish the relationship during annual evaluations. To establish the relationship, use the following 3 procedures:

NR 440.76(9)(g)1. 1. Use Method 3A or 3B in 40 CFR part 60, Appendix A, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 (1), to determine oxygen concentration at the location of your carbon dioxide monitor.

NR 440.76(9)(g)2. 2. Conduct at least 3 test runs for oxygen. Make sure each test run represents a 1-hour average and that sampling continues for at least 30 minutes in each hour.

NR 440.76(9)(g)3. 3. Use the fuel-factor equation in Method 3B in 40 CFR part 60, Appendix A, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 (1), to determine the relationship between oxygen and carbon dioxide.

NR 440.76(9)(h) (h) What is the minimum amount of monitoring data I must collect with my continuous emission monitoring systems and is the data collection requirement enforceable?

NR 440.76(9)(h)1. 1. Where continuous emission monitoring systems are required, you shall obtain 1-hour arithmetic averages. Make sure the averages for sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide are in parts per million by dry volume at 7% oxygen, or the equivalent carbon dioxide level. Use the 1-hour averages of oxygen or carbon dioxide data from your continuous emission monitoring system to determine the actual oxygen or carbon dioxide level and to calculate emissions at 7% oxygen, or the equivalent carbon dioxide level.

NR 440.76(9)(h)2. 2. You shall obtain at least 2 data points per hour in order to calculate a valid 1-hour arithmetic average. Section NR 440.13 (5) (b) requires your continuous emission monitoring systems to complete at least one cycle of operation, sampling, analyzing and data recording for each 15-minute period.

NR 440.76(9)(h)3. 3. You shall obtain valid 1-hour averages for 75% of the operating hours per day for 90% of the operating days per calendar quarter. An operating day is any day the unit combusts any municipal solid waste or refuse-derived fuel.

NR 440.76(9)(h)4. 4. If you do not obtain the minimum data required in subds. 1. to 3., you are in violation of the data collection requirement regardless of the emission level monitored, and you shall notify the department according to sub. (13) (h) 5.

NR 440.76(9)(h)5. 5. If you do not obtain the minimum data required in subds. 1. to 3., you shall still use all valid data from the continuous emission monitoring systems in calculating emission concentrations and percent reductions in accordance with par. (i).