NR 440.71(2)(a)2.2. “Capture system” means any device or combination of devices that contains or collects an airborne pollutant and directs it into a duct. NR 440.71(2)(a)3.3. “Coating applicator” means any apparatus used to apply a coating to a continuous base film. NR 440.71(2)(a)4.4. “Coating mix preparation equipment” means all mills, mixers, holding tanks, polishing tanks and other equipment used in the preparation of the magnetic coating formulation but does not include those mills that do not emit VOC because they are closed, sealed and operated under pressure. NR 440.71(2)(a)5.5. “Coating operation” means any coating applicator, flashoff area and drying oven located between a base film unwind station and a base film rewind station that coat a continuous base film to produce magnetic tape. NR 440.71(2)(a)6.6. “Common emission control device” means a control device controlling emissions from the coating operation as well as from another emission source within the plant. NR 440.71(2)(a)7.7. “Concurrent” means construction of a control device is commenced or completed within the period beginning 6 months prior to the date construction of affected coating mix preparation equipment commences and ending 2 years after the date construction of affected coating mix preparation equipment is completed. NR 440.71(2)(a)8.8. “Control device” means any apparatus that reduces the quantity of a pollutant emitted to the air. NR 440.71(2)(a)9.9. “Cover” means, with respect to coating mix preparation equipment, a device that lies over the equipment opening to prevent VOC from escaping and that meets the requirements found in sub. (3) (e) 1. to 5. NR 440.71(2)(a)10.10. “Drying oven” means a chamber in which heat is used to bake, cure, polymerize or dry a surface coating. NR 440.71(2)(a)11.11. “Equivalent diameter” means 4 times the area of an opening divided by its perimeter. NR 440.71(2)(a)12.12. “Flashoff area” means the portion of a coating operation between the coating applicator and the drying oven where solvent begins to evaporate from the coated base film. NR 440.71(2)(a)13.13. “Magnetic tape” means any flexible substrate that is covered on one or both sides with a coating containing magnetic particles and that is used for audio or video recording or information storage. NR 440.71(2)(a)14.14. “Natural draft opening” means any opening in a room, building or total enclosure that remains open during operation of the facility and that is not connected to a duct in which a fan is installed. The rate and direction of the natural draft across such an opening is a consequence of the difference in pressures on either side of the wall containing the opening. NR 440.71(2)(a)15.15. “Nominal 1-month period” means a calendar month or, if established prior to the performance test, a similar monthly time period, for example, 30-day month or accounting month. NR 440.71(2)(a)16.16. “Temporary enclosure” means a total enclosure that is constructed for the sole purpose of measuring the fugitive emissions from an affected facility. A temporary enclosure shall be constructed and ventilated, through stacks suitable for testing, so that it has minimal impact on the performance of the permanent capture system. A temporary enclosure will be assumed to achieve total capture of fugitive VOC emissions if it conforms to the requirements found in sub. (4) (b) 5. a. and if all natural draft openings are at least 4 duct or hood equivalent diameters away from each exhaust duct or hood. Alternatively, the owner or operator may apply to the administrator for approval of a temporary enclosure on a case-by-case basis. NR 440.71(2)(a)17.17. “Total enclosure” means a structure that is constructed around a source of emissions so that all VOC emissions are collected and exhausted through a stack or duct. With a total enclosure, there will be no fugitive emissions, only stack emissions. The only openings in a total enclosure are forced makeup air and exhaust ducts and any natural draft openings such as those that allow raw materials to enter and exit the enclosure for processing. All access doors or windows are closed during routine operation of the enclosed source. Brief, occasional openings of such doors or windows to accommodate process equipment adjustments are acceptable, but, if such openings are routine or if an access door remains open during the entire operation, the access door shall be considered a natural draft opening. The average inward face velocity across the natural draft openings of the enclosure shall be calculated including the area of such access doors. The drying oven itself may be part of the total enclosure. A permanent enclosure that meets the requirements found in sub. (4) (b) 5. a. is assumed to be a total enclosure. The owner or operator of a permanent enclosure that does not meet the requirements may apply to the department for approval of the enclosure as a total enclosure on a case-by-case basis. Such approval shall be granted upon a demonstration to the satisfaction of the department that all VOC emissions are contained and vented to the control device. NR 440.71(2)(a)18.18. “Utilize” refers to the use of solvent that is delivered to coating mix preparation equipment for the purpose of formulating coatings to be applied on an affected coating operation and any other solvent, for example, dilution solvent, that is added at any point in the manufacturing process. NR 440.71(2)(a)20.20. “Volatile organic compounds” or ‘VOC‘ means any organic compounds that participate in atmospheric photochemical reactions or that are measured by Method 18, 24, 25 or 25A or an equivalent or an alternative method as defined in s. NR 440.02 (5). NR 440.71(2)(b)(b) The nomenclature used in this section has the following meaning: NR 440.71(2)(b)1.1. “Ak” means the area of each natural draft opening (k) in a total enclosure, in square meters. NR 440.71(2)(b)2.2. “Caj” means the concentration of VOC in each gas stream (j) exiting the emission control device, in parts per million by volume. NR 440.71(2)(b)3.3. “Cbi” means the concentration of VOC in each gas stream (i) entering the emission control device, in parts per million by volume. NR 440.71(2)(b)4.4. “Cdi” means the concentration of VOC in each gas stream (i) entering the emission control device from the affected coating operation, in parts per million by volume. NR 440.71(2)(b)5.5. “Cfk” means the concentration of VOC in each uncontrolled gas stream (k) emitted directly to the atmosphere from the affected coating operation, in parts per million by volume. NR 440.71(2)(b)6.6. “Cgv” means the concentration of VOC in the gas stream entering each individual carbon adsorber vessel (v), in parts per million by volume. For the purposes of calculating the efficiency of the individual adsorber vessel, Cgv may be measured in the carbon adsorption system’s common inlet duct prior to the branching of individual inlet ducts. NR 440.71(2)(b)7.7. “Chv” means the concentration of VOC in the gas stream exiting each individual carbon adsorber vessel (v), in parts per million by volume. NR 440.71(2)(b)8.8. “E” means the control device efficiency achieved for the duration of the emission test, expressed as a fraction. NR 440.71(2)(b)9.9. “F” means the VOC emission capture efficiency of the VOC capture system achieved for the duration of the emission test, expressed as a fraction. NR 440.71(2)(b)10.10. “FV” means the average inward face velocity across all natural draft openings in a total enclosure, in meters per hour. NR 440.71(2)(b)11.11. “G” means the calculated weighted average mass of VOC per volume of coating solids, in kilograms per liter, applied each nominal 1-month period. NR 440.71(2)(b)12.12. “Hv” means the individual carbon adsorber vessel (v) efficiency achieved for the duration of the emission test, expressed as a fraction. NR 440.71(2)(b)13.13. “Hsys” means the carbon adsorption system efficiency calculated when each adsorber vessel has an individual exhaust stack. NR 440.71(2)(b)14.14. “Lsi” means the volume fraction of solids in each coating (i) applied during a nominal 1-month period as determined from the facility’s formulation records. NR 440.71(2)(b)15.15. “Mci” means the total mass in kilograms of each coating (i) applied at an affected coating operation during a nominal 1-month period as determined from facility records. This quantity shall be determined at a time and location in the process after all ingredients, including any dilution solvent, have been added to the coating or appropriate adjustments shall be made to account for any ingredients added after the mass of the coating has been determined. NR 440.71(2)(b)16.16. “Mr” means the total mass in kilograms of VOC recovered for a nominal 1-month period. NR 440.71(2)(b)17.17. “Qaj” means the volumetric flow rate of each gas stream (j) exiting the emission control device, in dry standard cubic meters per hour when Method 18 or 25 is used to measure VOC concentration or in standard cubic meters per hour (wet basis) when Method 25A is used to measure VOC concentration. NR 440.71(2)(b)18.18. “Qbi” means the volumetric flow rate of each gas stream (i) entering the emission control device, in dry standard cubic meters per hour when Method 18 or 25 is used to measure VOC concentration or in standard cubic meters per hour (wet basis) when Method 25A is used to measure VOC concentration. NR 440.71(2)(b)19.19. “Qdi” means the volumetric flow rate of each gas stream (i) entering the emission control device from the affected coating operation, in dry standard cubic meters per hour when Method 18 or 25 is used to measure VOC concentration or in standard cubic meters per hour (wet basis) when Method 25A is used to measure VOC concentration. NR 440.71(2)(b)20.20. “Qfk” means the volumetric flow rate of each uncontrolled gas stream (k) emitted directly to the atmosphere from the affected coating operation, in dry standard cubic meters per hour when Method 18 or 25 is used to measure VOC concentration or in standard cubic meters per hour (wet basis) when Method 25A is used to measure VOC concentration. NR 440.71(2)(b)21.21. “Qgv” means the volumetric flow rate of the gas stream entering each individual carbon adsorber vessel (v), in dry standard cubic meters per hour when Method 18 or 25 is used to measure VOC concentration or in standard cubic meters per hour (wet basis) when Method 25A is used to measure VOC concentration. For purposes of calculating the efficiency of the individual adsorber vessel, the value of Qgv can be assumed to equal the value of Qhv measured for that adsorber vessel. NR 440.71(2)(b)22.22. “Qhv” means the volumetric flow rate of the gas stream exiting each individual carbon adsorber vessel (v), in dry standard cubic meters per hour when Method 18 or 25 is used to measure VOC concentration or in standard cubic meters per hour (wet basis) when Method 25A is used to measure VOC concentration. NR 440.71(2)(b)23.23. “Qin i” means the volumetric flow rate of each gas stream (i) entering the total enclosure through a forced makeup air duct, in standard cubic meters per hour (wet basis). NR 440.71(2)(b)24.24. “Qout j” means the volumetric flow rate of each gas stream (j) exiting the total enclosure through an exhaust duct or hood, in standard cubic meters per hour (wet basis). NR 440.71(2)(b)25.25. “R” means the overall VOC emission reduction achieved for the duration of the emission test, expressed as a percentage. NR 440.71(2)(b)26.26. “RSi” means the total mass (kg) of VOC retained in the coated base film after oven drying for a given magnetic tape product. NR 440.71(2)(b)27.27. “Vci” means the total volume in liters of each coating (i) applied during a nominal 1-month period as determined from facility records. NR 440.71(2)(b)28.28. “Woi” means the weight fraction of VOC in each coating (i) applied at an affected coating operation during a nominal 1-month period as determined by Method 24. This value shall be determined at a time and location in the process after all ingredients, including any dilution solvent, have been added to the coating or appropriate adjustments shall be made to account for any ingredients added after the weight fraction of VOC in the coating has been determined. NR 440.71(2)(c)(c) Tables 1A and 1B present a cross reference of the affected facility status and the relevant subsections of the regulation. aThis table is presented for the convenience of the user and is not intended to supersede the language of the regulation. For the details of the requirements, refer to the text of the regulation.
bRefer to Part B to determine which paragraphs of subs. (5), (6) and (8) correspond to each compliance provision (sub. (4)).
cAs per sub. (1) (b), any new coating operation with solvent utilization <38 m3/yr or any modified or reconstructed coating operation with solvent utilization <370 m3/yr is exempt from the VOC standards (sub. (3)). Such coating operations are subject only to subs. (5) (a) and (8) (b) and (c). However, should a coating operation once exceed the applicable annual solvent utilization cutoff, that coating operation shall be subject to the VOC standards (sub. (3)) and all other applicable subsections. Once this has occurred, the coating operation shall remain subject to those requirements regardless of changes in annual solvent utilization.
dAs applicable
e40 CFR 60.716 permits the use of an alternative means of VOC emission limitation that achieves an equivalent or greater VOC emission reduction. a Sub. (4) (a) specifies the procedures to be used prior to modification/reconstruction to establish the applicability of the VOC standards in sub. (3) (c) for modified/reconstructed coating operations. Subsection (4) (a) 1. requires the use of the procedures of sub. (4) (b) 1., 2., 3. or 4., to demonstrate prior to modification/reconstruction that 90% of the applied VOC is recovered or destroyed. Sub. (4) (a) 2. requires the use of procedures of sub. (4) (b) 5. to demonstrate prior to modification/reconstruction that the coating operation has a total enclosure vented to a control device that is at least 92% efficient. Sub. (4) (k) and (L) do not have corresponding test methods, monitoring, reporting or recordkeeping requirements.
b TI denotes thermal incinerator, CI denotes catalytic incinerator; CA denotes carbon adsorber; CO denotes condenser; PE denotes partial enclosure; TE denotes total enclosure.
c See sub. (8) (f) for additional reporting requirements when coating mix preparation equipment is constructed at a time when no coating operation is being constructed. See sub. (8) (g) for addition reporting requirements when coating mix preparation equipment is constructed at the same time as an affected coating operation.
NR 440.71(3)(a)(a) Each owner or operator of any affected facility that is subject to the requirements of this section shall comply with the emission limitations in this subsection on and after the date on which the initial performance test required by s. NR 440.08 is completed, but not later than 60 days after achieving the maximum production rate at which the affected facility will be operated or 180 days after initial startup, whichever date comes first. NR 440.71(3)(b)(b) Each owner or operator shall control emissions from a new coating operation by recovering or destroying at least 93% of the VOC content of the coating applied at the coating applicator. NR 440.71(3)(c)(c) Each owner or operator of a modified or reconstructed coating operation shall meet the appropriate standard in subds. 1. to 3., 4. or par. (d). NR 440.71(3)(c)1.1. For coating operations demonstrated prior to modification or reconstruction pursuant to sub. (4) (a) 1. to have emissions controlled by the recovery or destruction of at least 90% of the VOC content of the coating applied at the coating applicator. NR 440.71(3)(c)2.2. Subject to the provisions of subd. 3., each owner or operator shall continue to control emissions from the coating operation to at least the demonstrated level or 93%, whichever is lower. NR 440.71(3)(c)3.3. If the VOC control device in use during the emission reduction demonstration made pursuant to sub. (4) (a) 1. is subsequently replaced, each owner or operator shall: NR 440.71(3)(c)4.4. For coating operations demonstrated prior to modification or reconstruction pursuant to sub. (4) (a) 2. to have a total enclosure installed around the coating operation and all VOC emissions ventilated to a control device that is at least 92% efficient. NR 440.71(3)(c)4.a.a. Subject to the provisions of subd. 4. b., each owner or operator shall continue to ventilate all VOC emissions from the total enclosure to the control device and maintain control device efficiency at or above the demonstrated level or 95%, whichever is lower. NR 440.71(3)(c)4.b.b. If the VOC control device in use during the control device efficiency demonstration made pursuant to sub. (4) (a) 2. is subsequently replaced, each owner or operator shall install a VOC control device that is at least 95% efficient and ventilate all VOC emissions from the total enclosure to the control device. NR 440.71(3)(d)(d) For coating operations not subject to par. (c) 1. to 4., each owner or operator shall control emissions from the coating operation by recovering or destroying at least 93% of the VOC content of the coating applied at the coating applicator. NR 440.71(3)(e)(e) Each owner or operator constructing new coating mix preparation equipment with concurrent construction of a new VOC control device, other than a condenser, on a magnetic tape coating operation shall control emissions from the coating mix preparation equipment by installing and using a cover on each piece of equipment and venting the equipment to a 95% efficient control device. Each cover shall meet the following specifications: NR 440.71(3)(e)1.1. Cover shall be closed at all times except when adding ingredients, withdrawing samples, transferring the contents or making visual inspection when such activities cannot be carried out with cover in place. Such activities shall be carried out through ports of the minimum practical size. NR 440.71(3)(e)2.2. Cover shall extend at least 2 cm beyond the outer rim of the opening or shall be attached to the rim; NR 440.71(3)(e)3.3. Cover shall be of such design and construction that contact is maintained between cover and rim along the entire perimeter; NR 440.71(3)(e)4.4. Any breach in the cover, such as an opening for insertion of a mixer shaft or port for addition of ingredients, shall be covered consistent with par. (c) 2. and 3., when not actively in use. An opening sufficient to allow safe clearance for a mixer shaft is acceptable during those periods when the shaft is in place; and NR 440.71(3)(e)5.5. A polyethylene or nonpermanent cover may be used provided it meets the requirements of par. (c) 2. to 4. A cover may not be reused after once being removed. NR 440.71(3)(f)(f) Each owner or operator of affected coating mix preparation equipment not subject to par. (e) shall control emissions from the coating mix preparation equipment by either: NR 440.71(3)(f)1.1. Installing and using a cover that meets the specifications in par. (c) 1. to 5. and venting VOC emissions from the equipment to a VOC control device; or NR 440.71(3)(g)(g) In lieu of complying with pars. (b) to (f), each owner or operator may use coatings that contain a maximum of 0.20 kg of VOC per liter of coating solids as calculated on a weighted average basis for each nominal 1-month period. NR 440.71(4)(a)(a) The determination of the applicability of sub. (3) (c), standards for modified or reconstructed coating operations, and determination of control level required in sub. (3) (c) 3. b. is as follows: NR 440.71(4)(a)1.1. To establish applicability of sub. (3) (c) 1. to 3., each owner or operator shall demonstrate, prior to modification or reconstruction, that at least 90% of the VOC content of the coating applied at the coating applicator is recovered or destroyed. The demonstration shall be made using the procedures of par. (b) 1., 2., 3. or 4., as appropriate. NR 440.71(4)(a)2.2. To establish applicability of sub. (3) (c) 4., each owner or operator shall demonstrate, prior to modification or reconstruction, that a total enclosure is installed around the existing coating operation and that all VOC emissions are ventilated to a control device that is at least 92% efficient. The demonstration shall be made using the procedures of par. (b) 5. NR 440.71(4)(a)3.a.a. That the VOC control device subsequently installed is at least 95% efficient. Such demonstration shall be made using Equation (2) specified in par. (b) 2. d. or Equations (4) and (5) specified in par. (b) 3. d. and e., as applicable and the test methods and procedures specified in sub. (6) (b) to (g); and NR 440.71(4)(a)3.b.b. That the overall level of control after the VOC control device is installed is at least as high as the level demonstrated prior to modification or reconstruction pursuant to par. (a) 1. Demonstrations shall be made using the procedures of par. (b) 1., 2., 3. or 4., as appropriate. The required overall level of control subsequent to this demonstration shall be the level so demonstrated or 93%, whichever is lower. NR 440.71(4)(b)1.1. To demonstrate compliance with sub. (3) (b), (c) 1. to 3. or (d), standards for coating operations, when emissions from only the affected coating operations are controlled by a dedicated solvent recovery device, each owner or operator of the affected coating operation shall perform a liquid- liquid VOC material balance over each and every nominal 1-month period. When demonstrating compliance by this procedure, s. NR 440.08 (6) does not apply. The amount of liquid VOC applied and recovered shall be determined as discussed in subd. 1. c. The overall VOC emission reduction (R) is calculated using the following equation:
