Kc is 215 ng/J (0.50 lb/million Btu)
Ha is the heat input from the combustion of coal, except coal combusted in an affected facility subject to par. (b) 2., in joules (J) (million Btu)
Hb is the heat input from the combustion of coal, in an affected facility subject to par. (b) 2., in J (million Btu)
Hc is the heat input from the combustion of oil, in J (million Btu)
NR 440.207(3)(f)(f) Reduction in the potential SO2 emission rate through fuel pretreatment is not credited toward the percent reduction requirement under par. (b) 2. unless: NR 440.207(3)(f)1.1. Fuel pretreatment results in a 50% (0.50) or greater reduction in the potential SO2 emission rate; and NR 440.207(3)(f)2.2. Emissions from the pretreated fuel, without either combustion or post-combustion SO2 control, are equal to or less than the emission limits specified under par. (b) 2. NR 440.207(3)(g)(g) Except as provided in par. (h), compliance with the percent reduction requirements, fuel oil sulfur limits, and emission limits of this subsection shall be determined on a 30-day rolling average basis. NR 440.207(3)(h)(h) For affected facilities listed under subd. 1., 2. or 3., compliance with the emission limits or fuel oil sulfur limits under this subsection may be determined based on a certification from the fuel supplier, as described under sub. (9) (f) 1., 2. or 3., as applicable. NR 440.207(3)(h)1.1. Distillate oil-fired affected facilities with heat input capacities between 2.9 and 29 MW (10 and 100 million Btu/hr). NR 440.207(3)(h)2.2. Residual oil-fired affected facilities with heat input capacities between 2.9 and 8.7 MW (10 and 30 million Btu/hr). NR 440.207(3)(h)3.3. Coal-fired facilities with heat input capacities between 2.9 and 8.7 MW (10 and 30 million Btu/hr). NR 440.207(3)(i)(i) The SO2 emission limits, fuel oil sulfur limits and percent reduction requirements under this subsection apply at all times, including periods of startup, shutdown and malfunction. NR 440.207(3)(j)(j) Only the heat input supplied to the affected facility from the combustion of coal and oil is counted under this subsection. No credit is provided for the heat input to the affected facility from wood or other fuels or for heat derived from exhaust gases from other sources, such as stationary gas turbines, internal combustion engines and kilns. NR 440.207(4)(a)(a) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under s. NR 440.08, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts coal or combusts mixtures of coal with other fuels and has a heat input capacity of 8.7 MW (30 million Btu/hr) or greater, may cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain PM in excess of the following emission limits: NR 440.207(4)(a)1.1. 22 ng/J (0.051 lb/million Btu) heat input if the affected facility combusts only coal, or combusts coal with other fuels and has an annual capacity factor for the other fuels of 10% (0.10) or less. NR 440.207(4)(a)2.2. 43 ng/J (0.10 lb/million Btu) heat input if the affected facility combusts coal with other fuels, has an annual capacity factor for the other fuels greater than 10% (0.10), and is subject to a federally enforceable requirement limiting operation of the affected facility to an annual capacity factor greater than 10% (0.10) for fuels other than coal. NR 440.207(4)(b)(b) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under s. NR 440.08, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts wood or combusts mixtures of wood with other fuels, except coal, and has a heat input capacity of 8.7 MW (30 million Btu/hr) or greater, may cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that contain PM in excess of the following emission limits: NR 440.207(4)(b)1.1. 43 ng/J (0.10 lb/million Btu) heat input if the affected facility has an annual capacity factor for wood greater than 30% (0.30); or NR 440.207(4)(b)2.2. 130 ng/J (0.30 lb/million Btu) heat input if the affected facility has an annual capacity factor for wood of 30% (0.30) or less and is subject to a federally enforceable requirement limiting operation of the affected facility to an annual capacity factor for wood of 30% (0.30) or less. NR 440.207(4)(c)(c) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or required to be completed under s. NR 440.08, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts coal, wood or oil and has a heat input capacity of 8.7 MW (30 million Btu/hr) or greater may cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases that exhibit greater than 20% opacity (6-minute average), except for one 6-minute period per hour of not more than 27% opacity. NR 440.207(4)(d)(d) The PM and opacity standards under this subsection apply at all times, except during periods of startup, shutdown or malfunction. NR 440.207(5)(5) Compliance and performance test methods and procedures for sulfur dioxide. NR 440.207(5)(a)(a) Except as provided in pars. (g) and (h) and in s. NR 440.08 (2), performance tests required under s. NR 440.08 shall be conducted following the procedures specified in pars. (b) to (f), as applicable. The cited methods and procedures are in Appendix A of 40 CFR part 60, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17. Section NR 440.08 (6) does not apply to this subsection. The 30-day notice required in s. NR 440.08 (4) applies only to the initial performance test unless otherwise specified by the department. NR 440.207(5)(b)(b) The initial performance test required under s. NR 440.08 shall be conducted over 30 consecutive operating days of the steam generating unit. Compliance with the percent reduction requirements and SO2 emission limits under sub. (3) shall be determined using a 30-day average. The first operating day included in the initial performance test shall be scheduled within 30 days after achieving the maximum production rate at which the affected facility will be operated, but not later than 180 days after the initial startup of the facility. The steam generating unit load during the 30-day period does not have to be the maximum design heat input capacity, but shall be representative of future operating conditions. NR 440.207(5)(c)(c) After the initial performance test required under par. (b) and s. NR 440.08, compliance with the percent reduction requirements and SO2 emission limits under sub. (3) is based on the average percent reduction and the average SO2 emission rates for 30 consecutive steam generating unit operating days. A separate performance test is completed at the end of each steam generating unit operating day, and a new 30-day average percent reduction and SO2 emission rate are calculated to show compliance with the standard. NR 440.207(5)(d)(d) If only coal, only oil, or a mixture of coal and oil is combusted in an affected facility, the procedures in Method 19 are used to determine the hourly SO2 emission rate (Eho) and the 30-day average SO2 emission rate (Eao). The hourly averages are obtained from the continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS). Method 19 shall be used to calculate Eao when using daily fuel sampling or Method 6B. NR 440.207(5)(e)(e) If coal, oil, or coal and oil are combusted with other fuels: NR 440.207(5)(e)1.1. An adjusted Eho (Ehoo) is used in equation 19-19 of Method 19 to compute the adjusted Eao (Eaoo). The Ehoo is computed using the following formula: Ehoo = (Eho - Ew(1 - Xk))/Xk
where:
Ehoo is the adjusted Eho, ng/J (lb/million Btu)
Eho is the hourly SO2 emission rate, ng/J (lb/million Btu)
Ew is the SO2 concentration in fuels other than coal and oil combusted in the affected facility, as determined by fuel sampling and analysis procedures in Method 9, ng/J (lb/million Btu). The value Ew for each fuel lot is used for each hourly average during the time that the lot is being combusted. The owner or operator does not have to measure Ew if the owner or operator elects to assume Ew = 0
Xk is the fraction of the total heat input from fuel combustion derived from coal and oil, as determined by applicable procedures in Method 19
NR 440.207(5)(e)2.2. The owner or operator of an affected facility that qualifies under the provisions of sub. (3) (c) or (d), where percent reduction is not required, does not have to measure the parameters Ew or Xk if the owner or operator of the affected facility elects to measure emission rates of the coal or oil using the fuel sampling and analysis procedures under Method 19. NR 440.207(5)(f)(f) Affected facilities subject to the percent reduction requirements under sub. (3) (a) or (b) shall determine compliance with the SO2 emission limits under sub. (3) pursuant to par. (d) or (e), and shall determine compliance with the percent reduction requirements using the following procedures: NR 440.207(5)(f)1.1. If only coal is combusted, the percent of potential SO2 emission rate is computed using the following formula: %Ps = 100 (1 - %Rg/100) (1 - %Rf/100)
where:
%Ps is the percent of potential SO2 emission rate, in percent
%Rg is the SO2 removal efficiency of the control device as determined by Method 19, in percent
%Rf is the SO2 removal efficiency of fuel pretreatment as determined by Method 19, in percent
NR 440.207(5)(f)2.2. If coal, oil, or coal and oil are combusted with other fuels, the same procedures required in subd. 1. are used, except as provided for in the following: NR 440.207(5)(f)2.a.a. To compute the %Ps, an adjusted %Rg (%Rgo) is computed from Eaoo from par. (e) 1. and an adjusted SO2 inlet rate (Eaio) using the following formula: %Rgo = 100 [1.0 - (Eaoo/Eai)]
where:
%Rgo is the adjusted %Rg, in percent
Eaoo is the adjusted Eao, ng/J (lb/million Btu)
Eaio is the adjusted average SO2 inlet rate, ng/J (lb/million Btu)
NR 440.207(5)(f)2.b.b. To compute Eaio, an adjusted hourly SO2 inlet rate (Ehio) is used. The Ehio is computed using the following formula: Ehio = [Ehi - Ew (1 - Xk)]/Xk
where:
Ehio is the adjusted Ehi, ng/J (lb/million Btu)
Ehi is the SO2 concentration in fuels other than coal and oil combusted in the affected facility, as determined by fuel sampling and analysis procedures in Method 19, ng/J (lb/million Btu). The value Ew for each fuel lot is used for each hourly average during the time that the lot is being combusted. The owner or operator does not have to measure Ew if the owner or operator elects to assume Ew = 0
Xk is the fraction of the total heat input from fuel combustion derived from coal and oil, as determined by applicable procedures in Method 19
NR 440.207(5)(g)(g) For oil-fired affected facilities where the owner or operator seeks to demonstrate compliance with the fuel oil sulfur limits under sub. (3) based on shipment fuel sampling, the initial performance test shall consist of sampling and analyzing the oil in the initial tank of oil to be fired in the steam generating unit to demonstrate that the oil contains 0.5 weight percent sulfur or less. Thereafter, the owner or operator of the affected facility shall sample the oil in the fuel tank after each new shipment of oil is received, as described under sub. (7) (d) 2. NR 440.207(5)(h)(h) For affected facilities subject to sub. (3) (h) 1., 2. or 3. where the owner or operator seeks to demonstrate compliance with the SO2 standards based on fuel supplier certification, the performance test shall consist of the certification, the certification from the fuel supplier, as described under sub. (9) (f) 1., 2. or 3., as applicable. NR 440.207(5)(i)(i) The owner or operator of an affected facility seeking to demonstrate compliance with the SO2 standards under sub. (3) (c) 2. shall demonstrate the maximum design heat input capacity of the steam generating unit by operating the steam generating unit at this capacity for 24 hours. This demonstration shall be made during the initial performance test, and a subsequent demonstration may be requested at any other time. If the demonstrated 24-hour average firing rate for the affected facility is less than the maximum design heat input capacity stated by the manufacturer of the affected facility, the demonstrated 24-hour average firing rate shall be used to determine the annual capacity factor for the affected facility; otherwise, the maximum design heat input capacity provided by the manufacturer shall be used. NR 440.207(5)(j)(j) The owner or operator of an affected facility shall use all valid SO2 emissions data in calculating %Ps and Eho under par. (d), (e) or (f), as applicable, whether or not the minimum emissions data requirements under sub. (7) (f) are achieved. All valid emissions data, including valid data collected during periods of startup, shutdown and malfunction shall be used in calculating %Ps or Eho pursuant to par. (d), (e) or (f), as applicable. NR 440.207(6)(6) Compliance and performance test methods and procedures for particulate matter. NR 440.207(6)(a)(a) The owner or operator of an affected facility subject to the PM standards, opacity standards, or both, under sub. (4) shall conduct an initial performance test as required under s. NR 440.08, and shall conduct subsequent performance tests as requested by the department, to determine compliance with the standards using the following procedures and reference methods. Unless otherwise indicated, these procedures and reference methods are in 40 CFR part 60, Appendix A, which is incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17. NR 440.207(6)(a)1.1. Method 1 shall be used to select the sampling site and the number of traverse sampling points. NR 440.207(6)(a)2.2. Method 3 shall be used for gas analysis when applying Method 5, Method 5B or Method 17. NR 440.207(6)(a)3.3. Method 5, Method 5B or Method 17 shall be used to measure the concentration of PM as follows: NR 440.207(6)(a)3.a.a. Method 5 may be used only at affected facilities without wet scrubber systems. NR 440.207(6)(a)3.b.b. Method 17 may be used at affected facilities with or without wet scrubber systems provided the stack gas temperature does not exceed a temperature of 160°C (320°F). The procedures of Sections 8.1 and 11.1 of Method 5B may be used in Method 17 only if Method 17 is used in conjunction with a wet scrubber system. Method 17 may not be used in conjunction with a wet scrubber system if the emissions are saturated or laden with water droplets. NR 440.207(6)(a)4.4. The sampling time for each run shall be at least 120 minutes and the minimum sampling volume shall be 1.7 dscm (60 dscf) except that smaller sampling times or volumes may be approved by the department when necessitated by process variables or other factors. NR 440.207(6)(a)5.5. For Method 5 or Method 5B, the temperature of the sample gas in the probe and filter holder shall be monitored and maintained at 160 ± 14°C (320 ± 25°F). NR 440.207(6)(a)6.6. For determination of PM emissions, an oxygen or carbon dioxide measurement shall be obtained simultaneously with each run of Method 5, Method 5B or Method 17 by traversing the duct at the same sampling location. NR 440.207(6)(a)7.7. For each run using Method 5, Method 5B or Method 17, the emission rates expressed in ng/J (lb/million Btu) heat input shall be determined using: NR 440.207(6)(a)7.a.a. The oxygen or carbon dioxide measurements and PM measurements obtained under this subsection, NR 440.207(6)(a)8.8. Method 9 (6-minute average of 24 observations) shall be used for determining the opacity of stack emissions. NR 440.207(6)(b)(b) The owner or operator of an affected facility seeking to demonstrate compliance with the PM standards under sub. (4) (b) 2. shall demonstrate the maximum design heat input capacity of the steam generating unit by operating the steam generating unit at this capacity for 24 hours. This demonstration shall be made during the initial performance test, and a subsequent demonstration may be requested at any other time. If the demonstrated 24-hour average firing rate for the affected facility is less than the maximum design heat input capacity stated by the manufacturer of the affected facility, the demonstrated 24-hour average firing rate shall be used to the determine annual capacity factor for the affected facility; otherwise, the maximum design heat input capacity provided by the manufacturer shall be used. NR 440.207(7)(a)(a) Except as provided in pars. (d) and (e), the owner or operator of an affected facility subject to the SO2 emission limits under sub. (3) shall install, calibrate, maintain and operate a CEMS for measuring SO2 concentrations and either oxygen or carbon dioxide concentrations at the outlet of the SO2 control device (or the outlet of the steam generating unit if no SO2 control device is used), and shall record the output of the system. The owner or operator of an affected facility subject to the percent reduction requirements under sub. (3) shall measure SO2 concentrations and either oxygen or carbon dioxide concentrations at both the inlet and outlet of the SO2 control device. NR 440.207(7)(b)(b) The 1-hour average SO2 emission rates measured by a CEMS shall be expressed in ng/J or lb/million Btu heat input and shall be used to calculate the average emission rates under sub. (3). Each 1-hour average SO2 emission rate shall be based on at least 30 minutes of operation and include at least 2 data points representing 2 15-minute periods. Hourly SO2 emission rates are not calculated if the affected facility is operated less than 30 minutes in a 1-hour period and are not counted toward determination of a steam generating unit operating day. NR 440.207(7)(c)(c) The procedure under s. NR 440.13 shall be followed for installation, evaluation and operation of the CEMS. NR 440.207(7)(c)1.1. All CEMS shall be operated in accordance with the applicable procedures under Performance Specifications 1, 2 and 3 of 40 CFR part 60 Appendix B, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17. NR 440.207(7)(c)2.2. Quarterly accuracy determinations and daily calibration drift tests shall be performed in accordance with Procedure 1 of 40 CFR part 60 Appendix F, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17. NR 440.207(7)(c)3.3. For affected facilities subject to the percent reduction requirements under sub. (3), the span value of the SO2 CEMS at the inlet to the SO2 control device shall be 125% of the maximum estimated hourly potential SO2 emission rate of the fuel combusted, and the span value of the SO2 CEMS at the outlet from the SO2 control device shall be 50% of the maximum estimated hourly potential SO2 rate of the fuel combusted. NR 440.207(7)(c)4.4. For affected facilities that are not subject to the percent reduction requirements of sub. (3), the span value of the SO2 CEMS at the outlet from the SO2 control device, or outlet of the steam generating unit if no SO2 control device is used, shall be 125% of the maximum estimated hourly potential SO2 emission rate of the fuel combusted. NR 440.207(7)(d)(d) As an alternative to operating a CEMS at the inlet to the SO2 control device, or outlet of the steam generating unit if no SO2 control device is used, as required under par. (a), an owner or operator may elect to determine the average SO2 emission rate by sampling the fuel prior to combustion. As an alternative to operating a CEMS at the outlet from the SO2 control device, or outlet of the steam generating unit if no SO2 control device is used, as required under par. (a), an owner or operator may elect to determine the average SO2 emission rate by using Method 6B. Fuel sampling shall be conducted pursuant to either subd. 1. or 2. Method 6B shall be conducted pursuant to subd. 3. NR 440.207(7)(d)1.1. For affected facilities combusting coal or oil, coal or oil samples shall be collected daily in an as-fired condition at the inlet to the steam generating unit and analyzed for sulfur content and heat content according to Method 19. Method 19 provides procedures for converting these measurements into the format to be used in calculating the average SO2 input rate. NR 440.207(7)(d)2.2. As an alternative fuel sampling procedure for affected facilities combusting oil, oil samples may be collected from the fuel tank for each steam generating unit immediately after the fuel tank is filled and before any oil is combusted. The owner or operator of an affected facility shall analyze the oil sample to determine the sulfur content of the oil. If a partially empty fuel tank is refilled, a new sample and analysis of the fuel in the tank is required upon filling. Results of the fuel analysis taken after each new shipment of oil is received shall be used as the daily value when calculating the 30-day rolling average until the next shipment is received. If the fuel analysis shows that the sulfur content in the fuel tank is greater than 0.5 weight percent sulfur, the owner or operator shall ensure that the sulfur content of subsequent oil shipments is low enough to cause the 30-day rolling average sulfur content to be 0.5 weight percent sulfur or less.
