71.45(3e)(c)2.2. For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2007, if the numerator used to determine the percentage under sub. (3) (a) related to a taxpayer’s net income is a positive number and the denominator used to determine the percentage under sub. (3) (a) related to a taxpayer’s net income is zero or a negative number, all of the taxpayer’s net income is apportioned to this state. 71.45(3m)(3m) Arithmetic average. Except as provided in sub. (3d), the arithmetic average of the 2 percentages referred to in sub. (3) shall be applied to the net income figure arrived at by the successive application of sub. (2) (a) and (b) with respect to Wisconsin insurers to which sub. (2) (a) and (b) applies and which have received premiums, other than life insurance premiums, written for insurance on property or risks resident, located or to be performed outside this state, to arrive at Wisconsin income constituting the measure of the franchise tax. 71.45(3r)(3r) Allocation of certain proceeds. All income that is realized from the purchase and subsequent sale or redemption of lottery prizes if the winning tickets were originally bought in this state shall be allocated to this state. 71.45(4)(4) Net business loss carry-forward. 71.45(4)(a)(a) Except as provided in par. (b) and s. 71.80 (25), insurers computing tax under this subchapter may subtract from Wisconsin net income any Wisconsin net business loss incurred in any of the 20 immediately preceding taxable years, if the insurer was subject to taxation under this chapter in the taxable year in which the loss was incurred, to the extent not offset by Wisconsin net business income of any year between the loss year and the taxable year for which an offset is claimed and computed without regard to sub. (2) (a) 8. and 9. and this subsection and limited to the amount of net income, but no loss incurred for a taxable year before taxable year 1987 by a nonprofit service plan of sickness care under ch. 148, or dental care under s. 447.13 may be treated as a net business loss of the successor service insurer under ch. 613 operating by virtue of s. 148.03 or 447.13. 71.45(4)(b)(b) An insurer that is part of a combined group under s. 71.255 may offset against its Wisconsin net business income any unused pre-2009 net business loss carry-forward under s. 71.255 (6) (bm) for the 20 taxable years that begin after December 31, 2011. 71.45(5)(5) Exceptions. The net income of a cooperative health care association organized under s. 185.981, or of a service insurance corporation organized under ch. 613, that is derived from a health maintenance organization, as defined in s. 609.01 (2), or a limited service health organization, as defined in s. 609.01 (3), is the net income that would be determined if the cooperative health care association or service insurance corporation were subject to federal income taxation and as if that income were that of an insurance company. 71.45(6)(6) Partnerships and limited liability companies. 71.45(6)(a)(a) A general or limited partner’s share of the numerator and denominator of a partnership’s apportionment factors under this section are included in the numerator and denominator of the general or limited partner’s apportionment factors under this section. 71.45(6)(b)(b) If a limited liability company is treated as a partnership, for federal tax purposes, a member’s share of the numerator and denominator of a limited liability company’s apportionment factors under this section are included in the numerator and denominator of the member’s apportionment factors under this section. 71.45 HistoryHistory: 1987 a. 312; 1989 a. 31, 336, 359; 1991 a. 37, 39, 269; 1993 a. 16, 112, 263, 437; 1995 a. 27, 56, 371, 380; 1997 a. 27, 37, 237; 1999 a. 9, 65; 1999 a. 150 s. 672; 1999 a. 167, 194; 2001 a. 16, 38, 109; 2003 a. 37, 85, 99, 135, 255, 326; 2005 a. 74, 297, 335, 361, 479, 483; 2007 a. 20, 96, 226; 2009 a. 2, 28, 165, 205, 265, 269, 295, 332, 344; 2011 a. 3, 5, 32, 212, 232; 2011 a. 260 s. 80; 2013 a. 20, 145, 165; 2015 a. 55, 216; 2017 a. 59, 197; 2019 a. 7, 9, 54, 136; 2021 a. 1, 127, 156; 2023 a. 138, 146. 71.4671.46 Rates of taxation. 71.46(1)(1) The taxes to be assessed, levied and collected upon Wisconsin net incomes of corporations shall be computed at the rate of 7.9 percent. 71.46(2)(2) The corporation franchise tax imposed under s. 71.43 (2) and measured by Wisconsin net income shall be computed at the rate of 7.9 percent. 71.46(3)(3) The tax imposed under this subchapter on each domestic insurer on or measured by its entire net income attributable to lines of insurance in this state may not exceed 2 percent of the gross premiums, as defined in s. 76.62, received during the taxable year by the insurer on all policies on those lines of insurance if the subject of that insurance was resident, located or to be performed in this state plus 7.9 percent of the income that is realized from the sale of or purchase and subsequent sale or redemption of lottery prizes if the winning tickets were originally bought in this state. 71.46 HistoryHistory: 1987 a. 312; 1999 a. 9. 71.47(1)(1) Community development finance credit. 71.47(1)(a)(a) Any corporation which contributes an amount to the community development finance authority under s. 233.03, 1985 stats., or to the housing and economic development authority under s. 234.03 (32) and in the same year purchases common stock or partnership interests of the community development finance company issued under s. 233.05 (2), 1985 stats., or s. 234.95 (2) in an amount no greater than the contribution to the authority, may credit against taxes otherwise due an amount equal to 75 percent of the purchase price of the stock or partnership interests. The credit received under this paragraph may not exceed 75 percent of the contribution to the community development finance authority. 71.47(1)(b)(b) Any corporation receiving a credit under this subsection may carry forward to the next succeeding 15 taxable years the amount of the credit not offset against taxes for the year of purchase to the extent not offset by those taxes otherwise due in all intervening years between the year for which the credit was computed and the year for which the carry-forward is claimed. 71.47(1)(c)(c) A claimant who has filed a timely claim under this subsection may file an amended claim with the department of revenue within 4 years of the last day prescribed by law for filing the original claim. 71.47(1)(d)(d) No credit may be claimed under this subsection for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013. Credits under this subsection for taxable years that begin before January 1, 2014, may be carried forward to taxable years that begin after December 31, 2013. 71.47(1dm)(1dm) Development zone capital investment credit. 71.47(1dm)(a)2.2. “Claimant” means a person who files a claim under this subsection. 71.47(1dm)(a)4.4. “Previously owned property” means real property that the claimant or a related person owned during the 2 years prior to the department of commerce or the Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation designating the place where the property is located as a development zone and for which the claimant may not deduct a loss from the sale of the property to, or an exchange of the property with, the related person under section 267 of the Internal Revenue Code, except that section 267 (b) of the Internal Revenue Code is modified so that if the claimant owns any part of the property, rather than 50 percent ownership, the claimant is subject to section 267 (a) (1) of the Internal Revenue Code for purposes of this subsection. 71.47(1dm)(b)(b) Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection and in s. 73.03 (35), for any taxable year for which the claimant is certified, a claimant may claim as a credit against the taxes imposed under s. 71.43 an amount that is equal to 3 percent of the following: 71.47(1dm)(b)1.1. The purchase price of depreciable, tangible personal property. 71.47(1dm)(b)2.2. The amount expended to acquire, construct, rehabilitate, remodel, or repair real property in a development zone. 71.47(1dm)(c)(c) A claimant may claim the credit under par. (b) 1., if the tangible personal property is purchased after the claimant is certified and the personal property is used for at least 50 percent of its use in the claimant’s business at a location in a development zone or, if the property is mobile, the property’s base of operations for at least 50 percent of its use is at a location in a development zone. 71.47(1dm)(d)(d) A claimant may claim the credit under par. (b) 2. for an amount expended to construct, rehabilitate, remodel, or repair real property, if the claimant began the physical work of construction, rehabilitation, remodeling, or repair, or any demolition or destruction in preparation for the physical work, after the place where the property is located was designated a development zone, or if the completed project is placed in service after the claimant is certified. In this paragraph, “physical work” does not include preliminary activities such as planning, designing, securing financing, researching, developing specifications, or stabilizing the property to prevent deterioration. 71.47(1dm)(e)(e) A claimant may claim the credit under par. (b) 2. for an amount expended to acquire real property, if the property is not previously owned property and if the claimant acquires the property after the place where the property is located was designated a development zone, or if the completed project is placed in service after the claimant is certified. 71.47(1dm)(f)(f) No credit may be allowed under this subsection unless the claimant includes with the claimant’s return: 71.47(1dm)(f)2.2. A statement from the department of commerce or the Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation verifying the purchase price of the investment and verifying that the investment fulfills the requirements under par. (b). 71.47(1dm)(g)(g) In calculating the credit under par. (b) a claimant shall reduce the amount expended to acquire property by a percentage equal to the percentage of the area of the real property not used for the purposes for which the claimant is certified and shall reduce the amount expended for other purposes by the amount expended on the part of the property not used for the purposes for which the claimant is certified. 71.47(1dm)(hm)(hm) A claimant may claim the credit under this subsection, including any credits carried over, against the amount of the tax otherwise due under this subchapter. 71.47(1dm)(i)(i) Partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and the amount of, that credit shall be determined on the basis of their economic activity, not that of their shareholders, partners, or members. The corporation, partnership, or limited liability company shall compute the amount of credit that may be claimed by each of its shareholders, partners, or members and provide that information to its shareholders, partners, or members. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit based on the partnership’s, company’s, or corporation’s activities in proportion to their ownership interest and may offset it against the tax attributable to their income from the partnership’s, company’s, or corporation’s business operations in the development zone; except that partners, members, and shareholders in a development zone under s. 238.395 (1) (e) or s. 560.795 (1) (e), 2009 stats., may offset the credit against the amount of the tax attributable to their income. 71.47(1dm)(j)(j) If a person who is entitled under s. 238.395 (3) (a) 4. or s. 560.795 (3) (a) 4., 2009 stats., to claim tax benefits becomes ineligible for such tax benefits, or if a person’s certification under s. 238.395 (5) or 238.398 (3) or s. 560.795 (5), 2009 stats., or s. 560.798 (3), 2009 stats., is revoked, that person may claim no credits under this subsection for the taxable year that includes the day on which the person becomes ineligible for tax benefits, the taxable year that includes the day on which the certification is revoked, or succeeding taxable years, and that person may carry over no unused credits from previous years to offset tax under this chapter for the taxable year that includes the day on which the person becomes ineligible for tax benefits, the taxable year that includes the day on which the certification is revoked, or succeeding taxable years. 71.47(1dm)(k)(k) If a person who is entitled under s. 238.395 (3) (a) 4. or s. 560.795 (3) (a) 4., 2009 stats., to claim tax benefits or certified under s. 238.395 (5) or 238.398 (3) or s. 560.795 (5), 2009 stats., or s. 560.798 (3), 2009 stats., ceases business operations in the development zone during any of the taxable years that that zone exists, that person may not carry over to any taxable year following the year during which operations cease any unused credits from the taxable year during which operations cease or from previous taxable years. 71.47(1dx)(a)1.1. “Brownfield” means an industrial or commercial facility the expansion or redevelopment of which is complicated by environmental contamination. 71.47(1dx)(a)3.3. “Environmental remediation” means removal or containment of environmental pollution, as defined in s. 299.01 (4), and restoration of soil or groundwater that is affected by environmental pollution, as defined in s. 299.01 (4), in a brownfield if that removal, containment or restoration fulfills the requirement under s. 71.47 (1de) (a) 1., 2013 stats., and investigation unless the investigation determines that remediation is required and that remediation is not undertaken. 71.47(1dx)(a)5.5. “Member of a targeted group” means a person who resides in an area designated by the federal government as an economic revitalization area, a person who is employed in an unsubsidized job but meets the eligibility requirements under s. 49.145 (2) and (3) for a Wisconsin Works employment position, a person who is employed in a trial job, as defined in s. 49.141 (1) (n), 2011 stats., or in a trial employment match program job, as defined in s. 49.141 (1) (n), a person who is eligible for child care assistance under s. 49.155, a person who is a vocational rehabilitation referral, an economically disadvantaged youth, an economically disadvantaged veteran, a supplemental security income recipient, a general assistance recipient, an economically disadvantaged ex-convict, a qualified summer youth employee, as defined in 26 USC 51 (d) (7), a dislocated worker, as defined in 29 USC 2801 (9), or a food stamp recipient, if the person has been certified in the manner under s. 71.47 (1dj) (am) 3., 2013 stats., by a designated local agency, as defined in s. 71.47 (1dj) (am) 2., 2013 stats. 71.47(1dx)(b)(b) Credit. Except as provided in pars. (be) and (bg) and in s. 73.03 (35), and subject to s. 238.385 or s. 560.785, 2009 stats., for any taxable year for which the person is entitled under s. 238.395 (3) or s. 560.795 (3), 2009 stats., to claim tax benefits or certified under s. 238.365 (3), 238.397 (4), or 238.398 (3) or s. 560.765 (3), 2009 stats., s. 560.797 (4), 2009 stats., or s. 560.798 (3), 2009 stats., any person may claim as a credit against the taxes otherwise due under this chapter the following amounts: 71.47(1dx)(b)1.1. Fifty percent of the amount expended for environmental remediation in a development zone. 71.47(1dx)(b)2.2. The amount determined by multiplying the amount determined under s. 238.385 (1) (b) or s. 560.785 (1) (b), 2009 stats., by the number of full-time jobs created in a development zone and filled by a member of a targeted group and by then subtracting the subsidies paid under s. 49.147 (3) (a) for those jobs. 71.47(1dx)(b)3.3. The amount determined by multiplying the amount determined under s. 238.385 (1) (c) or s. 560.785 (1) (c), 2009 stats., by the number of full-time jobs created in a development zone and not filled by a member of a targeted group and by then subtracting the subsidies paid under s. 49.147 (3) (a) for those jobs. 71.47(1dx)(b)4.4. The amount determined by multiplying the amount determined under s. 238.385 (1) (bm) or s. 560.785 (1) (bm), 2009 stats., by the number of full-time jobs retained, as provided in the rules under s. 238.385 or s. 560.785, 2009 stats., in an enterprise development zone under s. 238.397 or s. 560.797, 2009 stats., and for which significant capital investment was made and by then subtracting the subsidies paid under s. 49.147 (3) (a) for those jobs. 71.47(1dx)(b)5.5. The amount determined by multiplying the amount determined under s. 238.385 (1) (c) or s. 560.785 (1) (c), 2009 stats., by the number of full-time jobs retained, as provided in the rules under s. 238.385 or s. 560.785, 2009 stats., in a development zone and not filled by a member of a targeted group and by then subtracting the subsidies paid under s. 49.147 (3) (a) for those jobs. 71.47(1dx)(be)(be) Offset. A claimant in a development zone under s. 238.395 (1) (e) or s. 560.795 (1) (e), 2009 stats., may offset any credits claimed under this subsection, including any credits carried over, against the amount of the tax otherwise due under this subchapter attributable to all of the claimant’s income and against the tax attributable to income from directly related business operations of the claimant. 71.47(1dx)(bg)(bg) Other entities. For claimants in a development zone under s. 238.395 (1) (e) or s. 560.795 (1) (e), 2009 stats., partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and amount of, that credit shall be determined on the basis of their economic activity, not that of their shareholders, partners, or members. The corporation, partnership, or company shall compute the amount of the credit that may be claimed by each of its shareholders, partners, or members and shall provide that information to each of its shareholders, partners, or members. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit based on the partnership’s, company’s, or corporation’s activities in proportion to their ownership interest and may offset it against the tax attributable to their income. 71.47(1dx)(c)(c) Credit precluded. If the certification of a person for tax benefits under s. 238.365 (3), 238.397 (4), or 238.398 (3) or s. 560.765 (3), 2009 stats., s. 560.797 (4), 2009 stats., or s. 560.798 (3), 2009 stats., is revoked, or if the person becomes ineligible for tax benefits under s. 238.395 (3) or s. 560.795 (3), 2009 stats., that person may not claim credits under this subsection for the taxable year that includes the day on which the certification is revoked; the taxable year that includes the day on which the person becomes ineligible for tax benefits; or succeeding taxable years and that person may not carry over unused credits from previous years to offset tax under this chapter for the taxable year that includes the day on which certification is revoked; the taxable year that includes the day on which the person becomes ineligible for tax benefits; or succeeding taxable years. 71.47(1dx)(d)(d) Carry-over precluded. If a person who is entitled under s. 238.395 (3) or s. 560.795 (3), 2009 stats., to claim tax benefits or certified under s. 238.365 (3), 238.397 (4), or 238.398 (3) or s. 560.765 (3), 2009 stats., s. 560.797 (4), 2009 stats., or s. 560.798 (3), 2009 stats., for tax benefits ceases business operations in the development zone during any of the taxable years that that zone exists, that person may not carry over to any taxable year following the year during which operations cease any unused credits from the taxable year during which operations cease or from previous taxable years. 71.47(1dx)(e)1.1. Section 71.28 (4) (e) to (h), as it applies to the credit under s. 71.28 (4), applies to the credit under this subsection. Claimants shall include with their returns a copy of their certification for tax benefits and a copy of the department of commerce’s verification of their expenses. 71.47(1dx)(e)2.2. The credit under this subsection may not be claimed by partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations but the eligibility for, and the amount of, that credit shall be determined on the basis of their economic activity, not that of their shareholders, partners, or members. The corporation, partnership, or limited liability company shall compute the amount of credit that may be claimed by each of its shareholders, partners, or members and shall provide that information to each of its shareholders, partners, or members. That credit may be claimed by partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations in proportion to their ownership interests. 71.47(1dy)(a)(a) Definition. In this subsection, “claimant” means a person who files a claim under this subsection and is certified under s. 238.301 (2) or s. 560.701 (2), 2009 stats., and authorized to claim tax benefits under s. 238.303 or s. 560.703, 2009 stats. 71.47(1dy)(b)(b) Filing claims. Subject to the limitations under this subsection and ss. 238.301 to 238.306 or s. 560.701 to 560.706, 2009 stats., for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2008, a claimant may claim as a credit against the tax imposed under s. 71.43, up to the amount of the tax, the amount authorized for the claimant under s. 238.303 or s. 560.703, 2009 stats. 71.47(1dy)(c)1.1. No credit may be allowed under this subsection unless the claimant includes with the claimant’s return a copy of the claimant’s certification under s. 238.301 (2) or s. 560.701 (2), 2009 stats., and a copy of the claimant’s notice of eligibility to receive tax benefits under s. 238.303 (3) or s. 560.703 (3), 2009 stats. 71.47(1dy)(c)2.2. Partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and the amount of, the credit are based on their authorization to claim tax benefits under s. 238.303 or s. 560.703, 2009 stats. A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation shall compute the amount of credit that each of its partners, members, or shareholders may claim and shall provide that information to each of them. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit in proportion to their ownership interests. 71.47(1dy)(d)1.1. Except as provided in subd. 2., sub. (4) (e) and (f), as it applies to the credit under sub. (4), applies to the credit under this subsection. 71.47(1dy)(d)2.2. If a claimant’s certification is revoked under s. 238.305 or s. 560.705, 2009 stats., or if a claimant becomes ineligible for tax benefits under s. 238.302 or s. 560.702, 2009 stats., the claimant may not claim credits under this subsection for the taxable year that includes the day on which the certification is revoked; the taxable year that includes the day on which the claimant becomes ineligible for tax benefits; or succeeding taxable years and the claimant may not carry over unused credits from previous years to offset the tax imposed under s. 71.43 for the taxable year that includes the day on which certification is revoked; the taxable year that includes the day on which the claimant becomes ineligible for tax benefits; or succeeding taxable years. 71.47(2)(2) Farmland preservation credit. The farmland preservation credit under subch. IX may be claimed against taxes otherwise due. 71.47(3)(3) Manufacturing sales tax credit. 71.47(3)(a)2.2. “Sales and use tax under ch. 77 paid by the corporation” includes use taxes paid directly by the corporation and sales and use taxes paid by the corporation’s supplier and passed on to the corporation whether separately stated on the invoice or included in the total price. 71.47(3)(b)(b) The tax imposed upon or measured by corporation Wisconsin net income under s. 71.43 (1) or (2) shall be reduced by an amount equal to the sales and use tax under ch. 77 paid by the corporation in such taxable year on fuel and electricity consumed in manufacturing tangible personal property in this state. Shareholders of a tax-option corporation and partners may claim the credit under this subsection, based on eligible sales and use taxes paid by the tax-option corporation or partnership, in proportion to the ownership interest of each shareholder or partner. The tax-option corporation or partnership shall calculate the amount of the credit that may be claimed by each shareholder or partner and shall provide that information to the shareholder or partner. 71.47(3)(c)1.1. Except as provided in subd. 7., if the credit computed under par. (b) is not entirely offset against Wisconsin income or franchise taxes otherwise due, the unused balance shall be carried forward and credited against Wisconsin income or franchise taxes otherwise due for the following 20 taxable years to the extent not offset by these taxes otherwise due in all intervening years between the year in which the expense was incurred and the year in which the carry-forward credit is claimed. 71.47(3)(c)2.2. For shareholders in a tax-option corporation, the credit may be offset only against the tax imposed on the shareholder’s prorated share of the tax-option corporation’s income. 71.47(3)(c)3.3. For partners, the credit may be offset only against the tax imposed on the partner’s distributive share of partnership income. 71.47(3)(c)4.4. If a tax-option corporation becomes liable for tax for a taxable year that begins on or after January 1, 1998, the corporation may offset the credit against the tax due, with any remaining credit computed for a taxable year that begins on or after January 1, 1998, passing through to the shareholders. 71.47(3)(c)5.5. If a corporation that is not a tax-option corporation has a carry-over credit from a taxable year that begins on or after January 1, 1998, and becomes a tax-option corporation before the credit carried over is used, the unused portion of the credit may be used by the tax-option corporation’s shareholders on a prorated basis. 71.47(3)(c)6.6. If the shareholders of a tax-option corporation have carry-over credits and the corporation becomes a corporation other than a tax-option corporation after October 14, 1997, and before the credits carried over are used, the unused portion of the credits may be used by the corporation that is not a tax-option corporation. 71.47(3)(c)7.7. No credit may be claimed under this subsection for taxable years that begin after December 31, 2005. For credits that are claimed but unused under this subsection for taxable years that begin before January 1, 2005, up to 50 percent may be used in each of the following 2 taxable years if the taxpayer has $25,000 or less in unused credits as of January 1, 2006. For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2005, and before January 1, 2008, a taxpayer who has more than $25,000 in unused credits as of January 1, 2006, may deduct an amount in each year that is equal to 50 percent of the amount the taxpayer added back to income under s. 71.45 (2) (a) 10. at the time that the taxpayer first claimed the credit or, with regard to credits passed through from a partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation, 50 percent of the amount that the entity added back to its income and was included in the partner’s, member’s, or shareholder’s Wisconsin net income at the time that the credit was first claimed.
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