Chapter 285

285.29(1) (1) Case-by-case specification. If visibility in an area is identified as an important value of the area under section 169A of the federal clean air act, the department shall specify on a case-by-case basis the best available retrofit technology for any existing major source located in the area and identified under section 169A of the federal clean air act.

285.29(2) (2) Considerations. In specifying the best available retrofit technology, the department shall consider:

285.29(2)(a) (a) The cost of compliance.

285.29(2)(b) (b) The existing pollution control technology in use at the source.

285.29(2)(c) (c) The remaining useful life of the source.

285.29(2)(d) (d) The degree of improvement in visibility which may be anticipated to result from the use of various retrofit technologies.

285.29(2)(e) (e) The energy and nonair quality environmental impacts of compliance.

285.29 History History: 1979 c. 221; 1995 a. 227 s. 469; Stats. 1995 s. 285.29.

subch. IV of ch. 285 SUBCHAPTER IV

VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS AND MOBILE SOURCES; EMISSION LIMITS AND STANDARDS

285.30 285.30 Motor vehicle emissions limitations; inspections.

285.30(1) (1) Definitions. As used in this section, unless the context requires otherwise:

285.30(1)(a) (a) “Federal act” means the federal clean air act, 42 USC 7401 et seq., and regulations issued by the federal environmental protection agency under that act.

285.30(1)(b) (b) “Motor vehicle” has the meaning designated under s. 340.01 (35).

285.30(2) (2) Limitations. The department shall adopt rules specifying emissions limitations for all motor vehicles not exempted under sub. (5). The limitations may be different for each size, type and year of vehicle engine affected and may not be more stringent than those required by federal law at the time of the vehicle’s manufacture. The limitations shall be adopted and periodically revised upon consideration of the following factors:

285.30(2)(a) (a) The emissions reductions necessary to achieve federally mandated ambient air quality standards by any deadline established by the federal act and to maintain those standards after any deadline established by the federal act.

285.30(2)(b) (b) The emissions levels attainable by reasonable preventive maintenance practices relating to installed emission control equipment and devices for each model year, size and type of motor vehicle affected.

285.30(2)(c) (c) The requirements for eligibility for a manufacturer’s warranty under section 7541 (b) of the federal act.

285.30(2)(d) (d) The requirements of the federal act.

285.30(3) (3) Counties where inspections required. If the department finds that air quality within a county will not meet one or more applicable primary or secondary ambient air quality standards by any deadline established by the federal act, or that these standards will not be maintained in the county after any deadline established by the federal act and that inspection of emissions from motor vehicles in any part of the county is required by federal law to attain or maintain these standards, the department shall certify this finding to the department of transportation.

285.30(4) (4) Termination. If the department finds that air quality within a county specified in a certification under sub. (3) has attained all applicable ambient air quality standards and that these standards will be maintained in the county or that control of motor vehicle emissions is no longer required by federal law for attainment and maintenance of these standards, the department shall notify the department of transportation that the county is withdrawn from the certification under sub. (3).

285.30(5) (5) Exemptions. Emissions limitations promulgated under sub. (2) do not apply to the following motor vehicles:

285.30(5)(a) (a) A motor vehicle of a model year of 1995 or earlier.

285.30(5)(b) (b) A motor vehicle of a model year of 2006 or earlier that has a gross vehicle weight rating exceeding 8,500 pounds, as determined by the manufacturer of the vehicle, and a motor vehicle of a model year of 2007 or later that has a gross vehicle weight rating exceeding 14,000 pounds, as determined by the manufacturer of the vehicle.

285.30(5)(c) (c) A motor vehicle exempt from registration under s. 341.05, except that a motor vehicle owned by the United States is not exempt unless it comes under par. (a), (b), (d), (e), (f), (g), (h), (j), (k), or (m).

285.30(5)(d) (d) A motor vehicle of a model year of 2006 or earlier that is powered by diesel fuel.

285.30(5)(e) (e) A new motor vehicle not previously registered in any state.

285.30(5)(f) (f) A motor vehicle for which inspection, in the judgment of the department, is not a cost effective method for attaining and maintaining air quality.

285.30(5)(g) (g) A moped as defined in s. 340.01 (29m).

285.30(5)(h) (h) A motorcycle as defined in s. 340.01 (32).

285.30(5)(i) (i) A farm truck as defined in s. 340.01 (18) (a).

285.30(5)(j) (j) An off-road utility vehicle as defined in s. 340.01 (38m).

285.30(5)(k) (k) A low-speed vehicle, as defined in s. 340.01 (27h).

285.30(5)(L) (L) A lightweight utility vehicle as defined in s. 346.94 (21) (a) 2.

285.30(5)(m) (m) An autocycle, as defined in s. 340.01 (3m).

285.30(6) (6) Tampering with pollution control system or mechanism.

285.30(6)(a) (a) Definitions. As used in this subsection:

285.30(6)(a)1. 1. “Air pollution control equipment” means any equipment or feature which constitutes an operational element of the air pollution control system or mechanism of a motor vehicle.

285.30(6)(a)3. 3. “Tamper” means to dismantle, to remove without replacing with an identical or comparable tested replacement device or to cause to be inoperative any air pollution control equipment.

285.30(6)(b) (b) Prohibition. Except as permitted or authorized by rule of the department, no person may fail to maintain in good working order or may tamper with air pollution control equipment.

285.30(6)(c) (c) Ineligibility for motor vehicle registration. Except as permitted or authorized by rule of the department, if any person tampers with the air pollution control equipment of a motor vehicle, that vehicle is ineligible for motor vehicle registration until the air pollution control equipment is replaced, repaired or restored to good working order.

285.30(6)(d) (d) Suspension or cancellation of motor vehicle registration. Except as permitted or authorized by rule of the department, if the owner of a motor vehicle tampers with or causes or knowingly permits any person to tamper with the air pollution control equipment, the motor vehicle registration for that vehicle may be suspended or canceled in addition to any other penalty provided by law.

285.30(6)(e) (e) Rule making. The department shall promulgate rules that specify the requirements for the inspection of motor vehicles for the occurrence of tampering with air pollution control equipment.

285.30 History History: 1971 c. 164 s. 81; 1977 c. 29 s. 1654 (7) (b); 1979 c. 34 s. 2102 (39) (g); 1979 c. 274; 1981 c. 390; 1983 a. 243; 1987 a. 27; 1991 a. 39; 1993 a. 288; 1995 a. 137; 1995 a. 227 s. 507; Stats. 1995 s. 285.30; 1997 a. 27; 2003 a. 192; 2007 a. 20, 33; 2009 a. 157, 311; 2019 a. 173.

285.30 Cross-reference Cross-reference: See also ch. NR 485, Wis. adm. code.

285.31 285.31 Gasoline vapor recovery.

285.31(1) (1) Definitions. In this section:

285.31(1)(a) (a) “Gasoline dispensing facility” means a place where gasoline is dispensed to motor vehicle gasoline tanks from stationary storage tanks.

285.31(1)(b) (b) “Retail station” means a gasoline dispensing facility where gasoline is sold at retail.

285.31(1)(c) (c) “Vapor control system” means a system that gathers vapors of organic compounds, including gasoline and benzene, released during the operation of transfer, storage or processing equipment and processes the vapors to prevent their emission into the atmosphere.

285.31(3) (3) Rules.

285.31(3)(a) (a) The department shall promulgate rules, based on requirements under 42 USC 7511a, that require the owner or operator of a retail station that is located in an ozone nonattainment area with a classification under 42 USC 7511 (a) of moderate or worse to install and operate a vapor control system that is approved by the department on the equipment that is used to dispense gasoline to a motor vehicle gasoline tank or other fuel tank.

285.31(3)(b) (b) The department shall establish vapor recovery efficiency standards for vapor control systems approved under par. (a). The department shall use nationally recognized methods to determine the vapor recovery efficiency of vapor control systems.

285.31(4) (4) Implementation of requirements.

285.31(4)(a) (a) The rules promulgated under sub. (3) shall have an effective date of November 15, 1992. The rules shall apply the requirements under sub. (3) beginning on November 15, 1993, except that the requirements under sub. (3) shall apply beginning on May 15, 1993, to retail stations the construction of which begins after November 15, 1990.

285.31(4)(b) (b) The department may not require the owner or operator of a retail station that is located in this state to install or operate a vapor control system for gasoline dispensing equipment before November 15, 1993, or, if construction of the retail station begins after November 15, 1990, before May 15, 1993.

285.31(5) (5) Termination of requirements.

285.31(5)(a) (a) The rules promulgated under sub. (3) cease to apply on the effective date of the waiver of the requirement for vapor control systems specified by the federal environmental protection agency in a regulation promulgated under 42 USC 7521 (a) (6). Beginning on that day, persons owning or operating retail stations are not required to maintain vapor control systems described in sub. (3) (a).

285.31(5)(b) (b) The department may promulgate by rule requirements for capping and closing vapor control systems described in sub. (3) (a).

285.31(5)(c) (c) The rules promulgated under sub. (3) (a) do not apply to a retail station the construction of which begins after April 17, 2012.

285.31(6) (6) Vapor recovery system removal grants.

285.31(6)(ae) (ae) In this subsection:

285.31(6)(ae)1. 1. “Dispenser” means a device that dispenses fuel and measures the amount dispensed.

285.31(6)(ae)2. 2. “Hanging hardware” means the equipment on the outside of a dispenser cabinet through which fuel is dispensed, including hose adapters, breakaway connectors, hoses, swivels, and nozzles.

285.31(6)(ae)3. 3. “PEI/RP300-09” means the 2009 version of the Petroleum Equipment Institute publication Recommended Practices for Installation and Testing of Vapor-Recovery Systems at Vehicle-Fueling Sites.

285.31(6)(am) (am) The department shall administer a program to provide grants to owners and operators of retail stations for eligible costs incurred after April 15, 2012, to remove vapor control systems described in sub. (3) (a). The maximum grant under this subsection is 50 percent of eligible costs of removing a vapor control system from a retail station or $8,000, whichever is less. The department shall award grants under this subsection in the order in which applications are received.

285.31(6)(b) (b) The costs of all of the following are eligible costs under this subsection:

285.31(6)(b)1. 1. Labor and parts associated with any electrical work or programming required to convert an existing dispenser from operating with vapor recovery to operating without vapor recovery.

285.31(6)(b)2. 2. Labor and parts for replacing hanging hardware designed for vapor recovery on an existing dispenser with hanging hardware that is not designed for vapor recovery.

285.31(6)(b)3. 3. If the owner or operator replaces an existing dispenser with a new or used dispenser, the cost of the hanging hardware on the new or used dispenser.

285.31(6)(b)4. 4. Labor and parts to prepare the interior of a dispenser for the tests described in subd. 5., including the installation of a pipe plug in the vapor return line.

285.31(6)(b)5. 5. Conducting tests required by section 14 of PEI/RP300-09, but the costs of repair or parts associated with these tests or of any additional labor involved in the repair, replacement, or installation of parts not associated with the vapor recovery equipment are not eligible costs.

285.31(6)(c) (c) Costs of parts and labor not described in par. (b) are eligible costs under this subsection if the owner or operator itemizes the costs and includes an explanation showing the reason for incurring those costs with the application for the grant and the department determines that it was necessary to incur those costs. The costs of work that is not consistent with the procedures specified in section 14 of PEI/RP300-09 are not eligible costs unless the owner or operator obtains written approval of the work from the department of safety and professional services or, after July 1, 2013, the department of agriculture, trade and consumer protection and includes a copy of the written approval with the application for the grant.

285.31 History History: 1991 a. 39; 1993 a. 16; 1995 a. 27, 144; 1995 a. 227 s. 504; Stats. 1995 s. 285.31; 1997 a. 27; 2011 a. 196; 2013 a. 20, 86.

285.33 285.33 Employee trip reduction program.

285.33(1) (1) Areas.

285.33(1)(a) (a) The department shall issue documents that describe the areas of the state in which employee trip reduction programs are required by 42 USC 7511a (d) (1) (B).

285.33(1)(b) (b) The department may, by rule, determine areas of the state, other than areas described under par. (a), in which the department will require employee trip reduction programs. The department may not require an employee trip reduction program in an area unless that requirement is authorized under s. 285.11 (6).

285.33(1)(c) (c) Notwithstanding ss. 227.01 (13) and 227.10 (1), a document issued under par. (a) is not a rule. A document issued under par. (a) may be reviewed under ss. 227.42 and 227.52.

285.33(2) (2) Requirements.

285.33(2)(a) (a) The department shall promulgate by rule requirements for employers who are located in areas described under sub. (1) (a) or (b) to implement programs to reduce work-related trips and miles traveled by employees. The department shall develop the rules in accordance with 42 USC 7511a (d) (1) (B) and the guidance issued by the administrator of the federal environmental protection agency under 42 USC 7408 (f).

285.33(2)(b) (b) The rules under par. (a) shall establish reasonable limits on the direct and indirect expenses that an employer may be required to incur to comply with the rules. The rules shall specify a limit for each of the following:

285.33(2)(b)1. 1. The maximum annual expenses for each worksite subject to the rules.

285.33(2)(b)2. 2. The maximum annual expenses for each employee subject to the rules at a worksite.

285.33(3) (3) Compliance plans.

285.33(3)(a) (a) Except as provided under sub. (4) or (5), if an employer is located in an area that is described before November 15, 1993, by the department under sub. (1) (a) or (b) and is subject to the rules promulgated under sub. (2), the employer shall submit to the department, no later than November 15, 1994, a plan that demonstrates that the employer will comply with the rules no later than November 15, 1996.

285.33(3)(b) (b) The department may not require as a condition of approving a compliance plan that an employer incur annual expenses greater than the limits established under sub. (2) (b).

285.33(3)(c) (c) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, an employer is considered to meet the requirements of this section if the employer’s compliance plan is approved by the department and the employer makes reasonable efforts to implement the compliance plan.

285.33(4) (4) Alternative control plan.