A = the net open area of the inlet, sq. ft
C = an orifice coefficient, usually taken as 0.60
G = a constant, 32.2 ft/sec/sec
H = the head, in feet on the inlet, or the depth of water on top of the inlet, usually not more than two or three inches.
A-382.365 (1) CLASS V INJECTION WELLS. An injection well is described as being any well, drilled or dug hole, used to inject fluids into the subsoil. A stormwater collection well may be a class V injection well.
Federal regulations (
40 CFR 144.26) require that all injection wells be reported to the state underground injection control (UIC) program authority for the purpose of developing a state inventory of injection practices. In Wisconsin, the department of natural resources, bureau of drinking water and groundwater, maintains this inventory and registration program, form 3300-253. For more information, refer to
www.dnr.state.wi.us/.
A-382.37 (3) CAMPSITE RECEPTORS AND WATER SUPPLY
A-382.40 (4) CONTROL VALVES.
A-382.40 (7) (a) METHODOLOGY.
Where equipment such as an instantaneous or tankless water heater, water treatment device, water meter, and backflow preventer is provided in the design, the friction loss in such equipment, corresponding to the GPM demand, should be determined from the manufacturer or other reliable source.
Where a direct fired pressurized tank type water heater is provided in the design, the friction loss for such equipment can be assumed as part of the pressure losses due to flow through piping, fittings, valves and other plumbing appurtenances when the developed length of piping is multiplied by 1.5.
The pressure losses due to flow friction through displacement type cold-water meters may be calculated from Graph A-382.40 (7)-1.
Graph A-382.40 (7)-1
PRESSURE LOSS IN COLD-WATER METERS, DISPLACEMENT TYPE
Graph A-382.40 (7)-2
PRESSURE LOSSES DUE TO FLOW FRICTION
Material: Copper Tube-Type K, ASTM B88; (C = 150)
Graph A-382.40 (7)-3
PRESSURE LOSSES DUE TO FLOW FRICTION
Material: Copper Tube-Type L, ASTM B88; (C = 150)
Graph A-382.40 (7)-4
PRESSURE LOSSES DUE TO FLOW FRICTION
Material: Galvanized Steel Pipe-Schedule 40, ASTM A53, ASTM A120; (C = 125)
Graph A-382.40 (7)-5
PRESSURE LOSSES DUE TO FLOW FRICTION
Material: Polybutylene Tubing, ASTM D3309; or CPVC Tubing, ASTM D2846; (C = 150)
Graph A-382.40 (7)-6
PRESSURE LOSSES DUE TO FLOW FRICTION
Graph A-382.40 (7)-7
PRESSURE LOSSES DUE TO FLOW FRICTION
Material: Polyethylene Tubing, Copper Tube Size, ASTM D2737; (C = 150)
Graph A-382.40 (7)-8
PRESSURE LOSSES DUE TO FLOW FRICTION
Material: ABS Pipe-Schedule 40; ASTM D1527; or
CPVC Pipe-Schedule 40; ASTM F441; or
PE Pipe-Schedule 40; ASTM D2104; ASTM D2447; or
PVC Pipe-Schedule 40; ASTM D1785; ASTM D2672; (C =150)
Graph A-382.40 (7)-9
PRESSURE LOSSES DUE TO FLOW FRICTION
Material: Copper Tube-Type M, ASTM B88; (C = 150)
Graph A-382.40 (7)-10
PRESSURE LOSSES DUE TO FLOW FRICTION
Material: Polyethylene Aluminum Polyethylene Tubing (PexAlPex), ASTM F1281; (C = 150)
Graph A-382.40 (7)-11
PRESSURE LOSSES DUE TO FLOW FRICTION
Material: CPVC Tubing, SDR 13.5; ASTM F442; (C = 150)
A-382.41 (3) CROSS CONNECTION CONTROL HISTORY.
A-382.41 (5) (a) AIR-GAP. An air-gap for cross connection control for water supply systems conforming to ASME 112.1.2.
Section SPS 381.01 (7) reads: “`Air-gap, water supply system,' means the unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between the lowest opening from any pipe or faucet supplying water to a tank or plumbing fixture and the flood level rim or spill level of the receptacle.”
A pipe/spout that terminates with its outlet above the flood level rim of a receptacle/fixture:
1. Shall terminate a minimum of one inch above the flood level rim of the receptacle/fixture, or
2. Shall terminate a minimum distance of two times the diameter of the effective opening from the end of the pipe/spout to the flood level rim of the receptacle/fixture.
Note: In any case, regardless if the end of the pipe/spout is cut square or at an angle, the air-gap is the distance between the lowest end of the pipe/spout and the flood level rim of the receptacle/fixture.
The following water supply air-gap, although the least desirable, is acceptable to the ASME 112.1.2 standard. A pipe/spout that terminates with its outlet completely below the flood level rim of a receptacle/fixture:
1. Must have an opening in the receptacle/fixture that discharges to the atmosphere through an air-gap.
2. This air-gap must be located as close as possible to the receptacle/fixture.
3. The rate of discharge through this opening as compared to the rate of water entering the receptacle/fixture establishes a “spill level” that is the level at which water entering the receptacle/fixture seeks a balance and does not raise any higher. (A level is established where the flow of water entering equals the flow of water exiting.)
4. The distance then, between this established “spill level” and the end of the lowest water supply pipe/spout, is the air-gap.
5. The minimum air-gap (“Y”) is the distance between the supply pipe/spout and the “spill level” established in the receptacle/fixture.
6. The “spill level” shall be a distance no greater that one half of the distance measured as “Y,” (½
“Y”) above the discharge opening in the receptacle/fixture. Therefore, the air-gap between the supply pipe/spout and the highest portion of the opening that discharges to the atmosphere shall be a distance no greater than one and one half “Y” (1 ½ “Y”).
Note: In any case, regardless if the end of the pipe/spout is cut square or at an angle, the air-gap is the distance between the lowest end of the pipe/spout and the “spill level” of the receptacle/fixture.
The measurement for this air-gap, however, could be as much as 3 times the diameter of the pipe/spout depending upon the number of near walls. The distance of a near wall is a relationship to the diameter of the pipe/spout and the measurement from the wall to the closest side of the pipe/spout:
1. If there is one near wall, and the distance between that near wall and the closest edge of the supply pipe/spout is greater than 3 times the diameter of the supply pipe/spout, then the minimum air-gap is 2 times the diameter of the supply pipe/spout.
2. If there is one near wall, and the distance to the closest edge of the supply pipe/spout is less than 3 times the diameter of the pipe/spout, then the minimum air-gap is 3 times the diameter of the supply pipe/spout.
3. If there are 2 near walls, and the distance between the near wall(s) and closest edge of the supply pipe/spout is greater than 4 times the diameter of the supply pipe/spout, then the minimum air-gap is 2 times the diameter of the supply pipe/spout.
4. If there are 2 near walls, and the distance to the closest edge of the supply pipe/spout is less than 4 times the diameter of the supply pipe/spout, then the minimum air-gap is 3 times the diameter of the supply pipe/spout.
It has been determined that 2 or more near walls generally have little effect on the need to increase the air-gap to more than 3 times the diameter of the supply pipe/spout.
Note: See the following sketches as examples of an air-gap with pipe/spouts terminating above the flood level rim of the receptacle/fixture, of an air-gap with pipe/spouts terminating below the flood level rim of the receptacle/fixture and of an air-gap with pipe/spouts when terminating by one near wall.
A-382.41 (5)-1. Air-gap with pipe/spout(s) above flood level rim of receptacle/fixture.
WATER SUPPLY AIR-GAP ASME 112.1.2
A-382.41 (5)-2. AIR-GAP WITH PIPE/SPOUT(S) BELOW FLOOD LEVEL RIM OF RECEPTACLE/FIXTURE.
