Chapter 947

947.013 History History: 1983 a. 336; 1991 a. 194; 1993 a. 496; 2001 a. 109.

947.013 Annotation This section is not a safety statute and does not grant a private right of action for its violation. Estate of Drab v. Anderson, 143 Wis. 2d 568, 422 N.W.2d 144 (Ct. App. 1988).

947.014 947.014 Swatting.

947.014(1) (1) In this section:

947.014(1)(a) (a) “Authorized emergency vehicle” has the meaning given in s. 340.01 (3).

947.014(1)(b) (b) “Emergency” means any of the following:

947.014(1)(b)1. 1. A condition that results in or could result in the response of a law enforcement officer, tribal law enforcement officer, state-certified commission warden, fire fighter, emergency medical responder, or emergency medical services practitioner in an authorized emergency vehicle, aircraft, or vessel.

947.014(1)(b)2. 2. A condition that jeopardizes or could jeopardize public safety and results in or could result in the evacuation of any area, building, structure, or vehicle.

947.014(1)(c) (c) “Emergency medical responder” has the meaning given in s. 256.01 (4p).

947.014(1)(d) (d) “Emergency medical services practitioner” has the meaning given in s. 256.01 (5).

947.014(1)(e) (e) “Fire fighter” has the meaning given in s. 102.475 (8) (b).

947.014(1)(f) (f) “Law enforcement agency” has the meaning given in s. 165.77 (1) (b).

947.014(1)(g) (g) “Law enforcement officer” has the meaning given in s. 165.85 (2) (c).

947.014(1)(h) (h) “Specialized tactical team” means a special weapons and tactics team or a tactical response team that is designated by a law enforcement agency and whose members are recruited, selected, trained, equipped, and assigned to resolve critical incidents that involve a threat to public safety.

947.014(1)(i) (i) “Tribal law enforcement officer” has the meaning given in s. 165.92 (1) (b).

947.014(2) (2) Whoever, knowing the information is false, intentionally conveys, or causes to be conveyed, any false information that an emergency exists is guilty of a Class I felony if the information elicits, or could elicit, a response from a specialized tactical team.

947.014(3) (3) Whoever violates sub. (2) is guilty of a Class H felony if the violation resulted in bodily harm to any person or a Class E felony if the violation resulted in great bodily harm to any person.

947.014 History History: 2019 a. 132.

947.015 947.015 Bomb scares. Whoever intentionally conveys or causes to be conveyed any threat or false information, knowing such to be false, concerning an attempt or alleged attempt being made or to be made to destroy any property by the means of explosives is guilty of a Class I felony.

947.015 History History: 1977 c. 173; 2001 a. 109.

947.015 Annotation This section is not an included crime in s. 941.30, recklessly endangering safety. State v. Van Ark, 62 Wis. 2d 155, 215 N.W.2d 41 (1974).

947.015 Annotation Read with the requirement that only “true threats” can be prosecuted, this section does not violate the guarantee of free speech. State v. Robert T., 2008 WI App 22, 307 Wis. 2d 488, 746 N.W.2d 564, 06-2206.

947.017 947.017 Threats to release chemical, biological, or radioactive substances.

947.017(1) (1) In this section:

947.017(1)(a) (a) “Biological agent” means a microorganism or an infectious substance, or any naturally occurring, bioengineered, or synthesized toxin or component of a microorganism or an infectious substance that is capable of causing death, disease, or other biological malfunction in humans.

947.017(1)(b) (b) “Harmful substance” means radioactive material that is harmful to human life, a toxic chemical or its precursor, or a biological agent.

947.017(1)(c) (c) “Microorganism” includes a bacterium, virus, fungus, rickettsia, or protozoan.

947.017(1)(d) (d) “Precursor” means any chemical reactant that takes part at any stage in the production by whatever method of a toxic chemical.

947.017(1)(e) (e) “Toxic chemical” means any chemical that through its chemical action on life processes can cause death, temporary incapacitation, or permanent harm to humans.

947.017(2) (2) Whoever, knowing the threat to be false, intentionally threatens to release or disseminate a harmful substance, if the threat induces a reasonable expectation or fear that the person will release or disseminate a harmful substance, is guilty of a Class I felony.

947.017 History History: 2003 a. 104.

947.019 947.019 Terrorist threats.

947.019(1) (1) Whoever, under any of the following circumstances, threatens to cause the death of or bodily harm to any person or to damage any person’s property is guilty of a Class I felony:

947.019(1)(a) (a) The actor intends to prevent the occupation of or cause the evacuation of a building, dwelling, school premises, vehicle, facility of public transportation, or place of public assembly or any room within a building, dwelling, or school premises.

947.019(1)(b) (b) The actor intends to cause public inconvenience.

947.019(1)(c) (c) The actor intends to cause public panic or fear.

947.019(1)(d) (d) The actor intends to cause an interruption or impairment of governmental operations or public communication, of transportation, or of a supply of water, gas, or other public service.

947.019(1)(e) (e) The actor creates an unreasonable and substantial risk of causing a result described in par. (a), (b), (c), or (d) and is aware of that risk.

947.019(2) (2) Any person who violates sub. (1) and thereby contributes to any individual’s death is guilty of a Class G felony.

947.019 History History: 2015 a. 311.

947.02 947.02 Vagrancy. Any of the following are vagrants and are guilty of a Class C misdemeanor:

947.02(1) (1) A person, with the physical ability to work, who is without lawful means of support and does not seek employment; or

947.02(3) (3) A prostitute who loiters on the streets or in a place where intoxicating liquors are sold, or a person who, in public, solicits another to commit a crime against sexual morality; or

947.02(4) (4) A person known to be a professional gambler or known as a frequenter of gambling places or who derives part of his or her support from begging or as a fortune teller or similar impostor.

947.02 History History: 1977 c. 173; 1993 a. 486; 1999 a. 83.

947.04 947.04 Drinking in common carriers.

947.04(1) (1) Whoever while a passenger in a common carrier, publicly drinks intoxicants as a beverage or gives any other person intoxicants for that purpose under circumstances tending to provoke a disturbance, except in those portions of the common carrier in which intoxicants are specifically authorized by law to be sold or consumed, is guilty of a Class C misdemeanor.

947.04(2) (2) The person in charge of a common carrier may take from any passenger found violating this section any intoxicant then in the possession of such passenger, giving the passenger a receipt therefor, and shall keep the intoxicant until the passenger’s point of destination is reached. Thereupon, the person in charge of the common carrier shall either return the intoxicant to the passenger or turn it over to the station agent. At any time within 10 days after the intoxicant is turned over to the station agent, the passenger may recover the intoxicant by surrendering the receipt given the passenger at the time the intoxicant was taken from the passenger.

947.04 History History: 1973 c. 198; 1977 c. 173; 1993 a. 486; 1995 a. 225.

947.06 947.06 Unlawful assemblies and their suppression.

947.06(1) (1) Sheriffs, their undersheriffs and deputies, constables, marshals and police officers have a duty to suppress unlawful assemblies within their jurisdiction. For that reason they may order all persons who are part of an assembly to disperse. An “unlawful assembly” is an assembly which consists of 3 or more persons and which causes such a disturbance of public order that it is reasonable to believe that the assembly will cause injury to persons or damage to property unless it is immediately dispersed.

947.06(2) (2) An “unlawful assembly” includes an assembly of persons who assemble for the purpose of blocking or obstructing the lawful use by any other person, or persons of any private or public thoroughfares, property or of any positions of access or exit to or from any private or public building, or dwelling place, or any portion thereof and which assembly does in fact so block or obstruct the lawful use by any other person, or persons of any such private or public thoroughfares, property or any position of access or exit to or from any private or public building, or dwelling place, or any portion thereof.

947.06(3) (3) Whoever intentionally fails or refuses to withdraw from an unlawful assembly which the person knows has been ordered to disperse is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor.

947.06(4) (4) Whoever causes, attempts to cause, or participates in an unlawful assembly upon any property of a public institution of higher education or upon any highway abutting on such property, is punishable under sub. (3) if he or she fails to withdraw from the assembly promptly upon issuance of an order to disperse, if such order is given in such manner that such person can reasonably be expected to hear or read such order.

947.06(5) (5) Whoever, being employed in any capacity by or enrolled as a student in the institution, is convicted under subs. (1) to (4) may be sentenced additionally or alternatively to not to exceed 6 months suspension without pay from his or her employment by the institution if an employee, or suspension from enrollment in the institution if a student, or both if both an employee and a student. If the suspension is thus imposed, the institution shall not thereafter impose any other discipline upon the person for his or her connection with the unlawful assembly. Any period of suspension from employment by or enrollment in the institution already served shall be deducted by the court in imposing this sentence. Any period of imprisonment, whether or not the person is authorized under s. 303.08 to continue as an employee or student while imprisoned, shall count as a period of suspension from employment or enrollment or both hereunder.

947.06 History History: 1977 c. 173; 1985 a. 135 s. 83 (5); 1989 a. 31; 1993 a. 486.

947.06 Annotation This section is constitutional. Cassidy v. Ceci, 320 F. Supp. 223 (1970).

947.07 947.07 Causing violence or breach of the peace by damaging or destroying a U.S. flag.

947.07(1) (1) In this section, “flag” means a flag of the United States consisting of horizontal stripes, alternately colored red and white, and a union of any number of white stars on a blue field.

947.07(2) (2) Whoever destroys, damages, or mutilates a flag, or causes a flag to come into contact with urine, feces, or expectoration, with the intent to cause imminent violence or a breach of the peace under circumstances in which the actor knows that his or her conduct is likely to cause violence or a breach of the peace is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor.

947.07 History History: 2003 a. 243.

947.20 947.20 Right to work. Anyone who violates s. 111.04 (3) (a) is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor.

947.20 History History: 2015 a. 1.

947.21 947.21 Labor peace agreements prohibited. Anyone who knowingly violates s. 66.0134 (3) is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor.

947.21 History History: 2017 a. 327.