NR 811.12(14)(b)1.1. All grout shall be placed from the bottom of the annular opening to the surface in one continuous operation. Grouting methods that involve forcing a measured quantity of grout down the inner casing by a plug, such as the Halliburton method, shall not be used. When a conductor pipe in the annular opening is used, the conductor pipe shall meet the material requirements of subd. 8. and shall be submerged in the grout during the entire operation. For grout depths in excess of 100 feet, a pump shall be used to inject the grout. NR 811.12(14)(b)2.2. A sufficient annular opening shall be provided to permit a minimum of 1.5 inches of grout around the protective casing, grouted liner pipe, or outer casing when it is intended to grout the outer casing in place, including couplings, if used. NR 811.12(14)(b)3.3. Any materials used as drilling aids shall be removed from the annular opening prior to grouting. NR 811.12(14)(b)4.4. Prior to grouting through creviced formations, bentonite or similar approved materials shall be added to the annular opening in the manner indicated for grouting and circulated until the bentonite or other approved material flows to the ground surface. NR 811.12(14)(b)5.5. Grout shall be allowed to overflow from the annular opening until such time as the density is the same as that of the grout being placed. The specifications shall outline the method to be used to check the grout density and equipment shall be available on site to determine grout density. NR 811.12(14)(b)6.6. Standby grouting equipment for grouting annular openings, including a backup grout pump and tremie pipe meeting the material requirements of subd. 8., shall be on site during the grouting of all wells. NR 811.12(14)(b)7.7. The grout level shall be maintained above the bottom of any outer casing during the withdrawal procedure. NR 811.12(14)(b)8.8. Grout conductor, or tremie, pipes shall be metal pipe or a rubber-covered, fiber or steel braided, reinforced hose with a minimum pressure rating of 300 psi. Plastic pipe, including PVC pipe, shall not be used as a grout conductor pipe. NR 811.12(14)(b)9.9. The conductor pipe shall be completely withdrawn from the well prior to flushing excess grout from the conductor pipe when grouting down the annular space or shall be disconnected from the grout shoe or street elbow prior to flushing excess grout when grouting within the casing. NR 811.12(14)(c)(c) Centering guides. Centering guides shall be installed on the protective casing in a manner to permit unobstructed flow and uniform thickness of grout within the annular space. NR 811.12(14)(d)(d) Grout curing. Drilling operations or other work in the well, including development, may not be performed within 72 hours after the grouting of casings or liners. If the department approves the use of quick-setting cement, this period may be reduced to 24 hours. Use of quick setting cement shall be clearly indicated in the specifications submitted to the department. NR 811.12(15)(a)(a) Every well constructed in rock and all screened wells greater than 100 feet in depth shall be tested for plumbness and alignment by the method outlined in AWWA Standard A100-20 dated July 1, 2020, which is incorporated by reference, or by an equivalent method. The test method shall be clearly stated in the specifications. The department may waive the requirement for plumbness and alignment testing for 6-inch diameter wells that will have a submersible well pump installed. NR 811.12 NoteNote: A copy of AWWA Standard A100-20 dated July 1, 2020, is available for inspection at the Legislative Reference Bureau and may be obtained for personal use from the American Water Works Association, https://awwa.org. NR 811.12(15)(b)(b) Variance from the vertical of two-thirds the smallest inside diameter of that part of the well being tested per 100 feet of depth to the depth of the pump setting plus 25% may not be exceeded. Also, the well shall allow free passage of a 40-foot section of pipe or a dummy to the depth of the pump setting plus 25%. The outside diameter of the pipe or dummy used may not be more than 1/2 inch smaller than the diameter being tested. NR 811.12(15)(c)(c) The department will not approve installation of well pumps in wells with kinks and bends which prevent setting a line shaft vertical turbine pump to the desired pump setting plus 25% unless the owner accepts the installation in writing. NR 811.12(15)(d)(d) A summary and evaluation of the test results shall be submitted to the department prior to permanent pump approval for municipal wells and prior to the department approving the well to be placed in service for other-than-municipal community public wells. NR 811.12(16)(a)(a) A yield and drawdown test is required. The method to be used shall be clearly indicated in the plans and specifications. NR 811.12(16)(b)(b) The yield and drawdown test shall be performed on every municipal or subdivision well for a period of at least 12 consecutive hours. For non-subdivision other-than-municipal water system wells, the yield and drawdown test shall be performed for a period of at least 4 consecutive hours. In any case, the test shall be performed at a rate no less than the anticipated pumping capacity and for the duration necessary for the water level to stabilize at the anticipated pumping capacity. NR 811.12(16)(c)(c) The test shall include pumping a minimum of 4 hours at a rate equal to the capacity anticipated for the permanent well pump. NR 811.12(16)(d)(d) Water depth measurements shall be made at a frequency sufficient to evaluate the production efficiency and recovery rate of the well. NR 811.12(16)(e)(e) All of the following data regarding the yield and drawdown test shall be submitted to the department: NR 811.12(16)(e)9.9. Drawdown and recovery measurements from any observation or monitoring wells monitored during the test pumping including date and time measured. NR 811.12(16)(e)10.10. Elevation of the reference point of measurement of the water level data at each monitoring point. NR 811.12(16)(f)(f) In addition, representative samples of the well water shall be collected as required by subs. (19) and (20) and the laboratory results shall be submitted directly to the department in a department approved electronic format. The laboratory results of any exploratory or investigative water quality analyses shall be submitted to the department on paper lab forms. NR 811.12(17)(a)(a) Formation samples shall be collected from all new test wells and final wells and from deepening of existing wells at 5-foot intervals and at each pronounced change in geologic formation. The formation samples shall be submitted to the Wisconsin State Geological and Natural History Survey, 3817 Mineral Point Road, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, in collection bags provided by the survey or in equivalent plastic bags. The formation depths sampled shall be clearly and permanently marked on each bag. NR 811.12(17)(b)(b) Geological data shall be recorded on the completed Well Construction Report form submitted to the department. NR 811.12(18)(a)(a) Wells in which no pump is installed shall be capped by welding a steel plate to the top of the casing to form a watertight and airtight seal. NR 811.12(18)(b)(b) During construction, a temporary means of capping or covering the well shall be provided to prevent debris or any contaminants from entering the well or any annular space. NR 811.12(19)(19) Bacteriological quality. Every new, modified, or reconditioned groundwater source shall be disinfected during or after installation of the pumping equipment. Representative samples for bacteriological analysis shall be collected as required in s. NR 810.09 (4). NR 811.12(20)(20) Chemical quality. Every new well shall be sampled for chemical quality. Reconditioned or reconstructed wells shall be sampled for chemical quality in cases where changes in water quality may occur. The samples shall be representative of the well water and collected and analyzed for the parameters indicated in the department’s approval letter for the well construction, reconditioning or reconstruction. The samples shall be collected near the end of the test pumping period after the well construction, reconditioning, or reconstruction has been completed and where applicable, the well developed. Where not existing, a smooth-end sampling faucet shall be installed on the test pump discharge piping at a location suitable for the collection of water samples for volatile parameters and a suitable throttling device shall be provided on the pump discharge piping to facilitate sample collection. The samples shall be submitted to a laboratory certified by the state of Wisconsin. Prior to collection of the samples, the department shall be provided with a detailed description of the sampling protocol for each parameter. Wells that do not meet the primary drinking water standards of ch. NR 809 may not be placed into service unless adequate treatment is provided in accordance with. s. NR 811.04. NR 811.12(21)(a)(a) Observation wells, monitoring wells, test wells, treatment wells or other wells constructed as part of the water system shall be constructed in accordance with the requirements of this chapter for permanent community wells if they are to remain in service after completion of construction of the community well and if they are located on the well site. When taken out of service these wells shall be abandoned in accordance with s. NR 811.13. Temporary or permanent observation wells, monitoring wells, test wells, treatment wells, or other wells constructed off the well site shall meet the construction and abandonment requirements of ch. NR 141, 812, or this chapter. NR 811.12(21)(b)(b) The wells shall be protected and secured at the upper terminal to preclude entrance of foreign material and minimize the potential for vandalism. The wells to remain in service shall be provided with locking covers. NR 811.12(21)(c)(c) Specifications documenting the methods and materials for the temporary abandonment of test wells or test borings to be converted into final wells shall be submitted to the department for review and approval. NR 811.12 HistoryHistory: CR 09-073: cr. Register November 2010 No. 659, eff. 12-1-10; correction in (5) (d) 1., 4., 5., 7., 9., (11) (a) made under s. 13.92 (4) (b) 6., 7., Stats., Register December 2011 No. 672; corrections in (5) (d) 1., 4., 5., 7., 9. made under s. 13.92 (4) (b) 7., Stats., Register October 2013 No. 694; CR 22-074: am. (1) (c), (d) 1., cr. (1) (g) (intro.), 5., (k), am. (5) (intro.), (a), (d) 9., cr. (5) (d) 10., am. (7) (b), (c), (h), r. and recr. (9), am. (10) (c), (11) (intro.), (12) (intro.), (f), cr. (12) (h), (i), am. (13) (intro.), cr. (13) (a) 8., (b) 7., (14) (intro.), am. (14) (a) 1., (15) (a) Register January 2024 No. 817, eff. 2-1-24. NR 811.13NR 811.13 Well filling and sealing. Filling and sealing of community water system wells are subject to all of the following requirements: NR 811.13(1)(1) Criteria for filling and sealing. The owner shall permanently fill and seal all unused permanent wells, test wells, and monitoring wells for permanent wells or test wells unless the department agrees to the delayed filling and sealing of the well as part of an extended well filling and sealing agreement. Wells shall be filled and sealed in accordance with all of the following criteria: NR 811.13(1)(a)(a) Test wells and monitoring wells constructed as part of the test well or permanent well construction and test pumping evaluation processes shall be permanently filled and sealed prior to placing the permanent well in service unless the department approves the wells to remain in service in accordance with the requirements under s. NR 811.12 (21). NR 811.13(1)(b)(b) Permanent wells with one or more water quality parameters exceeding a primary drinking water standard under ch. NR 809 shall be permanently filled and sealed unless the owner obtains department approval to continue the well in service and only if department approved water treatment is installed to provide point-of-entry water quality compliance or the owner obtains an extended well filling and sealing agreement from the department under s. NR 810.22. The owner shall contact the department and obtain written department approval for the filling and sealing of contaminated wells. The department may require more stringent filling and sealing requirements to protect lower aquifers from additional contamination. NR 811.13(1)(c)(c) The department may allow existing permanent wells that are not constructed in accordance with the minimum requirements of this chapter to remain in service if the well water quality continues to meet all of the primary drinking water standards under ch. NR 809 or if department-approved water treatment is installed to provide point-of-entry water quality compliance. All ungrouted municipal wells shall be immediately reconstructed by grouting in a liner casing to a depth approved by the department or the well shall be taken out of service and filled and sealed. NR 811.13(2)(2) Qualifications of persons filling and sealing wells. All wells shall be filled and sealed by a person who meets all of the following qualifications: NR 811.13(2)(a)(a) For wells located within a municipal water system, the person shall be a licensed well driller, a licensed pump installer, a water system operator certified under s. 281.17 (3), Stats., working for the municipal water system, or a person under the supervision of a licensed well driller, licensed pump installer, or a water system operator certified under s. 281.17 (3), Stats., working for the municipal water system. NR 811.13(2)(b)(b) For wells not located within a municipal water system, the person shall be a licensed well driller, a licensed pump installer or a person under the supervision of a licensed well driller or licensed pump installer. NR 811.13(3)(3) Temporary abandonment. When a well is temporarily removed from service, the top of the well casing shall be sealed with a watertight threaded or welded cap. The well shall be permanently filled and sealed no later than 5 years after the well is temporarily abandoned. The department may enter into a written extended well filling and sealing agreement with the owner under s. NR 810.22 to allow an unused or standby well to remain operational for more than 5 years after the well is temporarily abandoned. NR 811.13(4)(a)(a) All debris, pumps, piping, ungrouted liner pipe that can be removed, inner ungrouted casings and well screens, and any other obstruction known to be in the well shall be removed if possible before the well is filled and sealed. NR 811.13(4)(b)(b) Well casing pipe may be removed from a well to be abandoned if the end of the pipe remains in the well sealing material as the pipe is pulled from the well. NR 811.13(4)(c)(c) Wells that have uncertain construction details shall be televised prior to filling and sealing if required by the department to allow for a proper filling and sealing. NR 811.13(4)(d)(d) All casings and liner pipes located within ungrouted annular spaces and that cannot be removed from a well prior to filling or sealing shall either be shot or ripped in place prior to filling and sealing of the well. All of the following minimum requirements shall be met: NR 811.13(4)(d)1.1. The casing shall either be perforated using projectiles fired perpendicular and completely through the casing or liner pipe or shall be vertically ripped. NR 811.13(4)(d)3.3. Each shot shall be a minimum of 0.4 inches in diameter. Each rip shall have a minimum width of 0.25 inches and a minimum length of 12 inches. NR 811.13(4)(d)5.5. The portion of the well with a casing or liner pipe to be shot or ripped shall be completely filled inside and outside by pressure grouting with neat cement from the inside out and from the bottom up in accordance with s. NR 811.12 (14). NR 811.13(5)(5) Filling and sealing materials and limitations. All wells shall be filled and sealed using any of the following materials: NR 811.13(5)(a)(a) Neat cement grout, sand-cement grout, or concrete meeting the specifications in s. NR 811.12 (14) (a). Powdered bentonite shall not be added to neat cement grout. NR 811.13(5)(b)(b) Department approved slow-hydrating bentonite chips with the following limitations: NR 811.13(5)(b)3.3. The depth of standing water in the well shall not exceed 350 feet. NR 811.13(5)(b)4.4. Fine particles and dust contained in the bags of bentonite chips shall be prevented from entering the well by allowing the chips to tumble under their own weight down a coarse mesh screen into the well. The chips shall be poured across the screen and into the well at a rate not to exceed emptying the bag in 3 minutes. NR 811.13(5)(b)5.5. The depth of chips shall be monitored a minimum of once every calculated 50 feet to monitor for bridging of chips. Any chip bridges shall be removed. NR 811.13(5)(b)6.6. Water from a clean, known bacteriologically safe source shall be poured down the well on a continuous basis as the chips are being introduced into the well in order to hydrate all of the chips. Water shall be continuously introduced until the water level rises to the top of the well casing and stays there. NR 811.13(5)(c)(c) Pea gravel that is round, washed to be free of sand and other fine materials, disinfected and having a maximum diameter of 0.375 inches, may be poured into a well without the use of a conductor pipe if the well is sounded at 50-foot intervals to ensure that bridging of the gravel does not occur. NR 811.13(6)(6) General filling and sealing requirements. Filling and sealing methods shall meet all of the following requirements: NR 811.13(6)(a)(a) All wells shall be filled from the bottom of the well up to the ground surface using approved materials unless it is necessary to terminate the filling and sealing below the ground surface to accommodate construction over the well. Well casings and filling and sealing materials may be terminated as much as 3 feet below the ground surface or to a depth below any future building foundation to accommodate construction over the well. NR 811.13(6)(b)(b) The bottom end of the conductor pipe shall be submerged in the sealing material at all times. NR 811.13(6)(c)(c) Sealing materials shall be placed by use of a conductor pipe or by means of a dump bailer except when approved bentonite chips or pea gravel are used. Bentonite chips may be poured into the well in accordance with sub. (5) (b). Pea gravel may be poured into the well in accordance with sub. (5) (c). Conductor piping used for pressure methods shall meet the requirements of s. NR 811.12 (14) (b) 8. for well grouting. Conductor piping for non-pressure methods shall be one of the following: NR 811.13(6)(c)2.2. Rubber-covered hose reinforced with braided fiber or steel and rated at least 300 psi. NR 811.13(6)(c)3.3. For use at depths less than 100 feet, thermoplastic pipe rated for at least 100 psi, including any of the following:
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Department of Natural Resources (NR)
Chs. NR 800- ; Environmental Protection – Water Supply
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