Chapter NR 485
CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM MOTOR VEHICLES, INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES AND MOBILE SOURCES; TAMPERING PROHIBITION
NR 485.01 Applicability; purpose. NR 485.03 General limitations. NR 485.04 Motor vehicle emission limitations; exemptions. NR 485.045 Repair cost limit for vehicle inspection program. NR 485.05 Visible emission limits for motor vehicles, internal combustion engines and mobile sources. NR 485.055 Particulate emission limit for gasoline and diesel internal combustion engines. NR 485.06 Tampering with air pollution control equipment. NR 485.07 Inspection requirement for motor vehicle tampering. NR 485.01(1)(1) Applicability. This chapter applies to all motor vehicles, internal combustion engines and mobile air contaminant sources and to their owners and operators. NR 485.01(2)(2) Purpose. This chapter is adopted under ss. 285.11, 285.13, 285.30 and 285.39, Stats., to establish emission limitations for motor vehicles, internal combustion engines and mobile air contaminant sources, to prohibit any person from tampering with the air pollution control equipment of a motor vehicle and to require tampering inspections. NR 485.01 HistoryHistory: Cr. Register, September, 1986, No. 369, eff. 10-1-86; am. (2), Register, July, 1989, No. 403, eff. 8-1-89; am. (1), Register, February, 1990, No. 410, eff. 3-1-90; am. (1), Register, May, 1992, No. 437, eff. 6-1-92. NR 485.02NR 485.02 Definitions. The definitions contained in ch. NR 400 apply to the terms used in this chapter. In addition, the following definitions apply to the terms used in this chapter: NR 485.02(1)(1) “Adjusted loaded vehicle weight” or “ALVW” means the numerical average of a vehicle’s curb weight and its gross vehicle weight rating. NR 485.02(5)(5) “Basic vehicle frontal area” means the area enclosed by the geometric projection of the basic vehicle along the longitudinal axis, which includes tires but excludes mirrors and air deflectors, onto a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. NR 485.02(6)(6) “Curb weight” means the actual or the manufacturer’s estimated weight of the vehicle in operational status with all standard equipment plus the weight of fuel at normal tank capacity and the weight of optional equipment. NR 485.02(7)(7) “DOT” means the Wisconsin department of transportation. NR 485.02(10)(10) “Gross vehicle weight rating” or “GVWR” means the weight specified by the vehicle manufacturer as the maximum allowable loaded weight of a single vehicle. NR 485.02(11)(11) “Heavy-duty vehicle” means any motor vehicle rated at more than 8,500 pounds GVWR or that has a vehicle curb weight of more than 6,000 pounds or that has a basic vehicle frontal area in excess of 45 square feet. NR 485.02(13)(13) “Light-duty truck” means any motor vehicle rated at 8,500 pounds GVWR or less and which has a vehicle curb weight of 6,000 pounds or less and which has a basic vehicle frontal area of 45 square feet or less, and which is one of the following: NR 485.02(13)(a)(a) Designed primarily for purposes of transportation of property or is a derivation of such a vehicle. NR 485.02(13)(b)(b) Designed primarily for transportation of persons and has a capacity of more than 12 persons. NR 485.02(13)(c)(c) Available with special features enabling off-street or off-highway operation and use. NR 485.02(14)(14) “Light-duty vehicle” means a passenger car or passenger car derivative capable of seating 12 passengers or less. NR 485.02(15)(15) “Loaded vehicle weight” or “LVW” means a vehicle’s curb weight, in pounds, plus 300 pounds. NR 485.02(16)(16) “Model year” means the nominal year of manufacture of the original vehicle within the annual production period of the vehicle as designated by the manufacturer, or if a reconstructed or homemade vehicle, the first year of titling. If the manufacturer does not designate a production period, the term“model year” means the calendar year of manufacture. NR 485.02(20)(20) “Tampering inspection” means an inspection for tampering of air pollution control equipment. NR 485.02(21)(21) “Tier 1 emission standards” means the standards for light-duty vehicles of model year 1994 and newer and light-duty trucks of model year 1994 and newer in section 202 (g) and (h) of the federal clean air act, 42 USC 7521 (g) and (h). NR 485.02(22)(22) “Transient driving cycle” means the 240 second driving cycle specified in Appendix E to Subpart S of 40 CFR part 51, incorporated by reference in s. NR 484.04 (8). NR 485.02(23)(23) “Transient emission test” means the emission test specified in 40 CFR 51.357 (a) (11), as in effect on July 1, 1998, which consists of 240 seconds of mass emission measurement while the vehicle is driven on a dynamometer. NR 485.02 HistoryHistory: Cr. Register, September, 1986, No. 369, eff. 10-1-86; r. and recr. Register, July, 1989, No. 403, eff. 8-1-89; am. (intro.), Register, June, 1993, No. 450, eff. 7-1-93; r. and recr., Register, December, 1995, No. 480, eff. 1-1-96; am. (8), (9) and (23), Register, November, 1999, No. 527, eff. 12-1-99; correction in (18) and (22) made under s. 13.93 (2m) (b) 7., Stats., Register, January, 2001, No. 541; CR 10-049: r. (3), (4), (8), (9), (18) Register November 2010 No. 659, eff. 12-1-10. NR 485.03NR 485.03 General limitations. No person may cause, allow or permit emissions of particulate matter, sulfur oxides, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, or odors from a motor vehicle, internal combustion engine, or mobile source which substantially contribute to the exceeding of an air standard or create air pollution. NR 485.03 HistoryHistory: Renum. from NR 154.17 (1), Register, September, 1986, No. 369, eff. 10-1-86; am. Register, July, 1989, No. 403, eff. 8-1-89; am. Register, May, 1992, No. 437, eff. 6-1-92. NR 485.04NR 485.04 Motor vehicle emission limitations; exemptions. NR 485.04(1)(1) Applicability. Except as provided in subs. (9) and (10), the emission limitations in this section apply to motor vehicles subject to inspection under s. 110.20 (6) (a), Stats., when inspected under ch. Trans 131. NR 485.04(2)(2) Transient emission test. Except as provided in sub. (7), any motor vehicle undergoing the transient emission test may not emit from the exhaust system: NR 485.04(2)(a)1.1. The applicable composite emission rate in Table 1 when measured over the entire transient driving cycle. NR 485.04(2)(a)2.2. The applicable phase 2 emission rate in Table 1 when measured from second 94 to the end of the transient driving cycle. NR 485.04(2)(b)1.1. The applicable composite emission rate in Table 1 when measured over the entire transient driving cycle. NR 485.04(2)(b)2.2. The applicable phase 2 emission rate in Table 1 when measured from second 94 to the end of the transient driving cycle. NR 485.04(2)(c)(c) Oxides of nitrogen in a rate that exceeds the applicable composite emission rate in Table 1 when measured over the entire transient driving cycle, except as provided in sub. (9). NR 485.04(5)(5) Gas cap integrity test. Any motor vehicle gas cap undergoing a test for pressure leaks on a gas cap tester rig may not exhibit a pressure decay of 6 inches of water or more during a 10 second measurement period after the gas cap is pressurized to 28±1.0 inches of water. NR 485.04(7)(7) Fast-pass transient emission test. Compliance with the emission limitations in sub. (2) for the transient emission test may be demonstrated prior to the completion of the test if all of the following conditions are met during the same second of the transient driving cycle: NR 485.04(7)(a)1.1. At least 30 seconds of the transient driving cycle has elapsed and the cumulative emission level of hydrocarbons, measured from the start of the cycle in grams, is less than the applicable composite fast-pass emission limitation in sub. (1) of Table 3. NR 485.04(7)(a)2.2. At least 94 seconds of the transient driving cycle has elapsed and the cumulative emission level of hydrocarbons, measured from second 94 of the cycle in grams, is less than the applicable phase 2 fast-pass emission limitation in sub. (1) of Table 3. NR 485.04(7)(b)(b) Carbon monoxide. For carbon monoxide, one of the following: NR 485.04(7)(b)1.1. At least 30 seconds of the transient driving cycle has elapsed and the cumulative emission level of carbon monoxide, measured from the start of the cycle in grams, is less than the applicable composite fast-pass emission limitation in sub. (2) of Table 3. NR 485.04(7)(b)2.2. At least 94 seconds of the transient driving cycle has elapsed and the cumulative emission level of carbon monoxide, measured from second 94 of the cycle in grams, is less than the applicable phase 2 fast-pass emission limitation in sub. (2) of Table 3. NR 485.04(7)(c)(c) Oxides of nitrogen. Except as provided in sub. (9), at least 30 seconds of the transient driving cycle has elapsed and the cumulative emission level of oxides of nitrogen, measured from the start of the cycle in grams, is less than the applicable composite fast-pass emission limitation in sub. (3) of Table 3. NR 485.04(9)(9) Effective date for oxides of nitrogen requirements. An inspection under s. 110.20 (6) (a), Stats., shall include an inspection for emissions of oxides of nitrogen. However, the emission limitations for oxides of nitrogen in subs. (2) (c) and (7) (c) shall apply for compliance purposes only to inspections conducted after May 1, 2001. NR 485.04(10)(10) Exemptions. In addition to the vehicles specified in s. 285.30 (5), Stats., the following motor vehicles are exempt from the emission limitations of this section: NR 485.04(11)(11) Periodic testing of collector and hobbyist vehicles. A motor vehicle registered under s. 341.266 (2) (a) or 341.268 (2) (a), Stats., shall be inspected and subject to the emission limitations of this section only in conjunction with any of the following actions: Table 1
Emission Limitations For The Transient Emission Test
(b) Light-Duty Trucks with GVWR of 6,000 pounds or less.
(c) Light-Duty Trucks with GVWR of 6,001 to 8,500 pounds and Heavy-Duty Vehicles with GVWR of 8,500 pounds or less.
(d) Heavy-Duty Vehicles with GVWR of 8,501 to 10,000 pounds.
Table 1 (continued)
Emission Limitations For The Transient Emission Test
(e) Heavy-Duty Vehicles with GVWR greater than 10,000 pounds.
(2) Motor vehicles inspected between December 1, 1996, and November 30, 1997.
(a) Light-Duty Vehicles.
(b) Light-Duty Trucks with GVWR of 6,000 pounds or less.
