Chapter NR 469

NR 469.01(1)(g) (g) The compliance date for the requirements in s. NR 469.085 depends on the date that construction or reconstruction of the affected facility commences. For purposes of this paragraph, “affected facility” means all solvent cleaning machines, except solvent cleaning machines used in the manufacture and maintenance of aerospace products, solvent cleaning machines used in the manufacture of narrow tubing and continuous web cleaning machines, located at a major source that are subject to the facility-wide limits in Table 8 of s. NR 469.085 (2) (b), and for area sources, “affected facility” means all solvent cleaning machines, except cold batch cleaning machines, located at an area source that are subject to the facility-wide limits in Table 8 of s. NR 469.085 (2) (b). The compliance dates for the requirements of s. NR 469.085 are as follows:

NR 469.01(1)(g)1. 1. Each affected facility that was constructed or reconstructed on or before August 17, 2006, shall be in compliance with the provisions of this chapter no later than May 3, 2010.

NR 469.01(1)(g)2. 2. Each affected facility that was constructed or reconstructed on or after August 17, 2006, shall be in compliance with the provisions of this chapter on May 3, 2007 or immediately upon startup, whichever is later.

NR 469.01(2) (2) Purpose. This chapter is adopted under ss. 285.11, 285.13, 285.27 (2) and 285.65, Stats., to establish emission standards for halogenated HAP solvent cleaning operations in order to protect air quality.

NR 469.01 Note Note: This chapter is based on the federal regulations contained in 40 CFR part 63 Subpart T, created December 2, 1994, as last revised on May 3, 2007.

NR 469.01 History History: Cr. Register, March, 1997, No. 495, eff. 4-1-97; CR 07-105: am. (1) (a), (c) and (d), cr. (1) (e) to (g) Register December 2008 No. 636, eff. 1-1-09; correction in (1) (b) made under s. 13.92 (4) (b) 7., Stats., Register February 2014 No. 698.

NR 469.02 NR 469.02 Definitions. For terms not defined in this section, the definitions contained in chs. NR 400 and 460 apply to the terms used in this chapter, with definitions in ch. NR 460 taking priority over definitions in ch. NR 400. In addition, the definitions in this section apply to the terms used in this chapter. If this section defines a term which is also defined in ch. NR 400 or 460, the definition in this section applies in this chapter rather than the definition in ch. NR 400 or 460.

NR 469.02(1) (1) “Air blanket” means the layer of air inside the solvent cleaning machine freeboard located above the solvent/air interface. The centerline of the air blanket is equidistant between the sides of the machine.

NR 469.02(1m) (1m) “Air knife system” means a device that directs forced air at high pressure, high volume or a combination of high pressure and high volume through a small opening directly at the surface of a continuous web part. The purpose of this system is to remove the solvent film from the surfaces of the continuous web part.

NR 469.02(2) (2) “Automated parts handling system” means a mechanical device that carries all parts and parts baskets at a controlled speed from the initial loading of soiled or wet parts through the removal of the cleaned or dried parts. Automated parts handling systems include, but are not limited to, hoists and conveyors.

NR 469.02(3) (3) “Batch cleaning machine” means a solvent cleaning machine in which individual parts or a set of parts move through the entire cleaning cycle before new parts are introduced into the solvent cleaning machine. An open-top vapor cleaning machine is a type of batch cleaning machine. Solvent cleaning machines, such as ferris wheel cleaners or cross-rod degreasers, that clean multiple batch loads simultaneously and are manually loaded are batch cleaning machines.

NR 469.02(4) (4) “Carbon adsorber” means a bed of activated carbon into which an air-solvent gas-vapor stream is routed and which adsorbs the solvent on the carbon.

NR 469.02(5) (5) “Clean liquid solvent” means fresh unused solvent, recycled solvent or used solvent that has been skimmed of oils or sludge and strained of metal chips or otherwise cleaned of soils.

NR 469.02(6) (6) “Cleaning capacity” means, for a cleaning machine without a solvent/air interface, the maximum volume of parts that may be cleaned at one time. In most cases, the cleaning capacity is equal to the volume (length times width times height) of the cleaning chamber.

NR 469.02(7) (7) “Cold cleaning machine” means any device or piece of equipment that contains or uses liquid solvent, into which parts are placed to remove soils from the surfaces of the parts or to dry the parts. Cleaning machines that contain and use heated, nonboiling solvent to clean the parts are classified as cold cleaning machines.

NR 469.02(8) (8) “Colorimetric detector tube” means a glass tube, sealed prior to use, containing material impregnated with a chemical that is sensitive to one halogenated HAP compound and is designed to measure the concentration of that halogenated HAP compound in air.

NR 469.02(8m) (8m) “Combined squeegee and air-knife system” means a system consisting of a combination of a squeegee system and an air-knife system within a single enclosure.

NR 469.02(9) (9) “Consumption” means the amount of halogenated HAP solvent added to the solvent cleaning machine.

NR 469.02(9m) (9m) “Continuous web cleaning machine” means a solvent cleaning machine in which parts such as film, coils, wire and metal strips are cleaned at speeds typically in excess of 11 feet per minute. Parts are generally uncoiled, cleaned such that the same part is simultaneously entering and exiting the solvent application area of the solvent cleaning machine and then recoiled or cut. For the purposes of this chapter, all continuous web cleaning machines are considered to be a subset of in-line solvent cleaning machines.

NR 469.02(10) (10) “Cover” means a lid, top or portal cover that shields the solvent cleaning machine openings from air disturbances when in place and is designed to be easily opened and closed without disturbing the vapor zone. Air disturbances include, but are not limited to, lip exhausts, ventilation fans and general room drafts. Types of covers include, but are not limited to, sliding, biparting and rolltop covers.

NR 469.02(11) (11) “Cross-rod solvent cleaning machine” means a batch solvent cleaning machine in which parts baskets are suspended from cross-rods as they are moved through the machine. In a cross-rod solvent cleaning machine, parts are loaded semi-continuously, and enter and exit the machine through a single portal.

NR 469.02(12) (12) “Downtime mode” means the time period when a solvent cleaning machine is not cleaning parts and the sump heating coils, if present, are turned off.

NR 469.02(13) (13) “Dwell” means, for a solvent cleaning machine equipped with a superheated vapor system, the technique of holding parts within the superheated vapor zone of the solvent cleaning machine. For a solvent cleaning machine not equipped with a superheated vapor system, it means the technique of holding parts within the freeboard area but above the vapor zone of the solvent cleaning machine. Dwell occurs after cleaning to allow solvent to drain from the parts or parts baskets back into the solvent cleaning machine.

NR 469.02(14) (14) “Dwell time” means the required minimum length of time that a part must dwell, as determined by s. NR 469.09 (4) or, for a solvent cleaning machine equipped with a superheated vapor system, by the manufacturer’s specifications as required by s. NR 469.06 (2) (f) 2.

NR 469.02(15) (15) “Emissions” means the amount of halogenated HAP solvent added to the machine, minus the amount of liquid halogenated HAP solvent removed from the machine and the amount of halogenated HAP solvent removed from the machine in the solid waste.

NR 469.02(16) (16) “Equivalent control method” means an equivalent emission control technique or procedure as determined by the administrator.

NR 469.02(17) (17) “Existing” means any solvent cleaning machine the construction or reconstruction of which was commenced on or before November 29, 1993. A machine, the construction or reconstruction of which was commenced on or before November 29, 1993, but did not meet the definition of a solvent cleaning machine on December 2, 1994 because it did not use halogenated HAP solvent liquid or vapor covered under this chapter to remove soils, becomes an existing source when it commences to use those liquid or vapor solvents. A solvent cleaning machine moved within a contiguous facility or to another facility under the same ownership, constitutes an existing machine.

NR 469.02(18) (18) “Freeboard area” means, for a batch cleaning machine, the area within the solvent cleaning machine that extends from the solvent/air interface to the top of the solvent cleaning machine. For an in-line cleaning machine, it is the area within the solvent cleaning machine that extends from the solvent/air interface to the bottom of the entrance or exit opening, whichever is lower.

NR 469.02(19) (19) “Freeboard height” means, for a batch cleaning machine, the distance from the solvent/air interface, as measured during the idling mode, to the top of the cleaning machine. For an in-line cleaning machine, it is the distance from the solvent/air interface to the bottom of the entrance or exit opening, whichever is lower, as measured during the idling mode.

NR 469.02(20) (20) “Freeboard ratio” means the ratio of the solvent cleaning machine freeboard height to the smaller interior dimension (length, width or diameter) of the solvent cleaning machine.

NR 469.02(21) (21) “Freeboard refrigeration device”, also called a chiller, means a set of secondary coils mounted in the freeboard area that carries a refrigerant or other chilled substance to provide a chilled air blanket above the solvent vapor. A primary condenser capable of meeting the requirements of s. NR 469.06 (2) (a) is defined as both a freeboard refrigeration device and a primary condenser for the purposes of this chapter.

NR 469.02(22) (22) “Hoist” means a mechanical device that carries the parts basket and the parts to be cleaned from the loading area into the solvent cleaning machine and to the unloading area at a controlled speed. A hoist may be operated by controls or may be programmed to cycle parts through the cleaning cycle automatically.

NR 469.02(23) (23) “Idling mode” means the time period when a solvent cleaning machine is not actively cleaning parts and the sump heating coils, if present, are turned on.

NR 469.02(24) (24) “Idling-mode cover” means any cover or solvent cleaning machine design that allows the cover to shield the cleaning machine openings during the idling mode. A cover that meets this definition may also be used as a working-mode cover if that definition is also met.

NR 469.02(25) (25) “Immersion cold cleaning machine” means a cold cleaning machine in which the parts are immersed in the solvent when being cleaned. A remote reservoir cold cleaning machine that is also an immersion cold cleaning machine is considered an immersion cold cleaning machine for purposes of this chapter.

NR 469.02(26) (26) “In-line cleaning machine” or “continuous cleaning machine” means a solvent cleaning machine that uses an automated parts handling system, typically a conveyor, to automatically provide a continuous supply of parts to be cleaned. These units are fully enclosed except for the conveyor inlet and exit portals. In-line cleaning machines may be either cold or vapor cleaning machines.

NR 469.02(27) (27) “Leak-proof coupling” means a threaded or other type of coupling that prevents solvents from leaking during the filling or draining of solvent to and from the solvent cleaning machine.

NR 469.02(28) (28) “Lip exhaust” means a device installed at the top of the opening of a solvent cleaning machine that draws in air and solvent vapor from the freeboard area and ducts the air and vapor away from the solvent cleaning area.

NR 469.02(29) (29) “Monthly reporting period” means any calendar month in which the owner or operator of a solvent cleaning machine is required to calculate and report the solvent emissions from each solvent cleaning machine.

NR 469.02(30) (30) “New” means any solvent cleaning machine the construction or reconstruction of which is commenced after November 29, 1993.

NR 469.02(31) (31) “Open-top vapor cleaning machine” means a batch solvent cleaning machine that has its upper surface open to the air and boils solvent to create solvent vapor used to clean or dry parts.

NR 469.02(32) (32) “Part” means any object that is cleaned in a solvent cleaning machine. Parts include discrete parts, assemblies, sets of parts and parts cleaned in a continuous web cleaning machine, including continuous sheets of metal or film.

NR 469.02(33) (33) “Primary condenser” means a series of circumferential cooling coils on a vapor cleaning machine through which a chilled substance is circulated or recirculated to provide continuous condensation of rising solvent vapors and, thereby, create a concentrated solvent vapor zone.

NR 469.02(34) (34) “Reduced room draft” means decreasing the flow or movement of air across the top of the freeboard area of the solvent cleaning machine to meet the specifications of s. NR 469.06 (2) (b). Methods of achieving a reduced room draft include, but are not limited to, redirecting fans or air vents to not blow across the cleaning machine, moving the cleaning machine to a corner where there is less room draft, and constructing a partial or complete enclosure around the cleaning machine.

NR 469.02(35) (35) “Remote reservoir cold cleaning machine” means any device in which liquid solvent is pumped to a sink-like work area that drains solvent back into an enclosed container while parts are being cleaned, allowing no solvent to pool in the work area.

NR 469.02(35m) (35m) “Remote reservoir continuous web cleaning machine” means a continuous web cleaning machine in which there is no exposed solvent sump. In these units, the solvent is pumped from an enclosed chamber and is typically applied to the continuous web part through a nozzle or series of nozzles. The solvent then drains from the part and is collected and recycled through the machine, allowing no solvent to pool in the work or cleaning area.

NR 469.02(36) (36) “Soils” means contaminants that are removed from the parts being cleaned. Soils include, but are not limited to, grease, oils, waxes, metal chips, carbon deposits, fluxes and tars.

NR 469.02(37) (37) “Solvent/air interface” means, for a vapor cleaning machine, the location of contact between the concentrated solvent vapor layer and the air. This location of contact is defined as the mid-line height of the primary condenser coils. For a cold cleaning machine, it is the location of contact between the liquid solvent and the air.

NR 469.02(38) (38) “Solvent/air interface area” means, for a vapor cleaning machine, the surface area of the solvent vapor zone that is exposed to the air. For an in-line cleaning machine, it is the total surface area of all the sumps. For a cold cleaning machine, it is the surface area of the liquid solvent that is exposed to the air.

NR 469.02(39) (39) “Solvent cleaning machine” means any device or piece of equipment that uses any halogenated HAP solvent liquid or vapor to remove soils from the surfaces of materials. Types of solvent cleaning machines include, but are not limited to, batch vapor, in-line vapor, in-line cold and batch cold solvent cleaning machines. Buckets, pails and beakers with capacities of 7.6 liters (2 gallons) or less are not considered solvent cleaning machines.

NR 469.02(40) (40) “Solvent vapor zone” means, for a vapor cleaning machine, the area that extends from the liquid solvent surface to the level at which solvent vapor is condensed. This condensation level is defined as the midline height of the primary condenser coils.

NR 469.02(40m) (40m) “Squeegee system” means a system that uses a series of pliable surfaces to remove the solvent film from the surfaces of the continuous web part. These pliable surfaces, called squeegees, are typically made of rubber or plastic media, and need to be periodically replaced to ensure continued proper function.

NR 469.02(41) (41) “Sump” means the part of a solvent cleaning machine where the liquid solvent is located.

NR 469.02(42) (42) “Sump heater coils” means the heating system on a cleaning machine that uses steam, electricity or hot water to heat or boil the liquid solvent.

NR 469.02(42m) (42m) “Superheated part technology” means a system that is part of the continuous web process that heats the continuous web part either directly or indirectly to a temperature above the boiling point of the cleaning solvent. This could include a process step, such as a tooling die that heats the part as it is processed, as long as the part remains superheated through the cleaning machine.

NR 469.02(43) (43) “Superheated vapor system” means a system that heats the solvent vapor, either passively or actively, to a temperature above the solvent’s boiling point. Parts are held in the superheated vapor before exiting the machine to evaporate the liquid solvent on them. Hot vapor recycle is an example of a superheated vapor system.

NR 469.02(44) (44) “Vapor cleaning machine” means a batch or in-line solvent cleaning machine that boils liquid solvent generating solvent vapor that is used as a part of the cleaning or drying cycle.

NR 469.02(45) (45) “Water layer” means a layer of water that floats above the denser solvent and provides control of solvent emissions.

NR 469.02 Note Note: In many cases, the solvent used in batch cold cleaning machines is sold containing the appropriate amount of water to create a water cover.

NR 469.02(46) (46) “Working mode” means the time period when the solvent cleaning machine is actively cleaning parts.

NR 469.02(47) (47) “Working-mode cover” means any cover or solvent cleaning machine design that allows the cover to shield the cleaning machine openings from outside air disturbances while parts are being cleaned in the cleaning machine. A cover that is used during the working mode is opened only during parts entry and removal. A cover that meets this definition may also be used as an idling-mode cover if that definition is also met.

NR 469.02 History History: Cr. Register, March, 1997, No. 495, eff. 4-1-97; CR 07-105: cr. (1m), (8m), (9m), (35m), (40m) and (42m), am. (32) Register December 2008 No. 636, eff. 1-1-09.

NR 469.03 NR 469.03 Batch cold cleaning machine standards.

NR 469.03(1) (1) Except as provided in sub. (4), each owner or operator of an immersion batch cold solvent cleaning machine shall comply with one of the following requirements:

NR 469.03(1)(a) (a) Employ a tightly fitting cover on the machine that shall be closed at all times except during parts entry and removal, and a water layer that has a minimum thickness of 2.5 centimeters (1.0 inch) on the surface of the solvent within the cleaning machine.

NR 469.03(1)(b) (b) Employ a tightly fitting cover on the machine that shall be closed at all times except during parts entry and removal, and a freeboard ratio of 0.75 or greater; and comply with the work and operational practices specified in sub. (3).

NR 469.03(2) (2) Each owner or operator of a remote-reservoir batch cold solvent cleaning machine shall employ a tightly fitting cover over the solvent sump that shall be closed at all times except during the cleaning of parts and comply with the work and operational practices specified in sub. (3).

NR 469.03(3) (3) Each owner or operator of a batch cold solvent cleaning machine complying with sub. (1) (b) or (2) shall comply with the work and operational practice requirements specified in pars. (a) to (i), as applicable.

NR 469.03(3)(a) (a) All waste solvent shall be collected and stored in closed containers. Each closed container may contain a device that allows pressure relief, but that device may not allow liquid solvent to drain from the container.

NR 469.03(3)(b) (b) If a flexible hose or flushing device is used, flushing shall be performed only within the freeboard area of the solvent cleaning machine.

NR 469.03(3)(c) (c) The owner or operator shall drain solvent cleaned parts for 15 seconds or until dripping has stopped, whichever is longer. Parts having cavities or blind holes shall be tipped or rotated while draining.

NR 469.03(3)(d) (d) The owner or operator shall ensure that the solvent level does not exceed the fill line.

NR 469.03(3)(e) (e) Spills during solvent transfer shall be wiped up immediately. The wipe rags shall be stored in covered containers meeting the requirements of par. (a).

NR 469.03(3)(f) (f) When an air- or pump-agitated solvent bath is used, the owner or operator shall ensure that the agitator is operated to produce a rolling motion of the solvent but not observable splashing against tank walls or parts being cleaned.

NR 469.03(3)(g) (g) The owner or operator shall ensure that, when the cover is open, the cold cleaning machine is not exposed to drafts greater than 40 meters per minute (132 feet per minute), as measured between one and 2 meters (3.3 and 6.6 feet) upwind and at the same elevation as the tank lip.

NR 469.03(3)(h) (h) Except as provided in par. (i), sponges, fabric, wood and paper products may not be cleaned.

NR 469.03(3)(i) (i) The prohibition in par. (h) does not apply to the cleaning of porous materials that are part of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) laden transformers if those transformers are handled throughout the cleaning process and disposed of in compliance with an approved PCB disposal permit issued in accordance with the Toxic Substances Control Act (15 USC 2605).

NR 469.03(3m) (3m) Each owner or operator subject to the requirements of sub. (3) (a) to (h) may request to use measures other than those described in sub. (3) (a) to (h). The owner or operator shall demonstrate to the department that the alternative measures will result in equivalent or better emissions control compared to the measures described in sub. (3) (a) to (h).

NR 469.03 Note Note: For example, storing solvent and solvent-laden materials in an enclosed area that is ventilated to a solvent recovery or destruction device may be considered an acceptable alternative.

NR 469.03(4) (4) Each owner or operator of an immersion batch cold cleaning machine that is not exempt under s. NR 423.03 (2) (a), (b), (c) or (h), but is exempt under s. NR 423.03 (2) (i), shall comply with one of the following requirements:

NR 469.03(4)(a) (a) Employ a tightly fitting cover on the machine that shall be closed at all times except during parts entry and removal, and a water layer that has a minimum thickness of 2.5 centimeters (1.0 inch) on the surface of the solvent within the cleaning machine; and comply with the work and operational practices specified in sub. (5).

NR 469.03(4)(b) (b) Employ a tightly fitting cover on the machine that shall be closed at all times except during parts entry and removal, and a freeboard ratio of 1.0 or greater; and comply with the work and operational practices specified in sub. (3).

NR 469.03(5) (5) Each owner or operator of a batch cold solvent cleaning machine complying with sub. (4) (a) shall comply with the work and operational practices specified in pars. (a) to (d).

NR 469.03(5)(a) (a) Equip the machine with a facility for draining cleaned parts, with the drainage facility constructed so that parts are enclosed under the cover while draining, except that the drainage facility may be external for applications where an internal type cannot fit into the cleaning system.

NR 469.03(5)(b) (b) If used, supply a solvent spray that is a solid fluid stream, not a fine, atomized or shower type spray, at a pressure that does not cause splashing.

NR 469.03(5)(c) (c) Provide a permanent, conspicuous label, summarizing the operating requirements.

NR 469.03(5)(d) (d) Provide supervision or instruction adequate to ensure the operation is conducted in accord with all of the following:

NR 469.03(5)(d)1. 1. Close the cover whenever parts are not being handled in the cleaner.

NR 469.03(5)(d)2. 2. Drain the cleaned parts for at least 15 seconds or until dripping ceases.