Chapter NR 409

NR 409.06(7)(d) (d) Each affected source and each affected unit shall meet the requirements of this chapter and the acid rain program.

NR 409.06(7)(e) (e) Any provision of the acid rain program that applies to an affected source, including a provision applicable to the designated representative of an affected source, shall also apply to the owners and operators of the source and of the affected units at the source.

NR 409.06(7)(f) (f) Any provision of the acid rain program that applies to an affected unit, including a provision applicable to the designated representative of an affected unit, shall also apply to the owners and operators of the unit. Except as provided under s. NR 409.09 (2), 40 CFR 72.41, 72.42, 72.43, 74.47 and 76.11, and except with regard to the requirements applicable to units with a common stack under 40 CFR part 75, including 40 CFR 75.16, 75.17 and 75.18, the owners and operators and the designated representative of one affected unit are not liable for any violation by any other affected unit of which they are not owners or operators or the designated representative and that is located at a source of which they are not owners or operators or the designated representative.

NR 409.06(7)(g) (g) Each violation of a provision of this chapter and 40 CFR parts 72, 73, 75, 77 and 78 and regulations implementing sections 407 and 410 of the act (42 USC 7651f and 7651i) by an affected source or affected unit, or by an owner or operator or designated representative of the source or unit, shall be a separate violation.

NR 409.06(8) (8) Effect on other authorities. No provision of the acid rain program, an acid rain portion of an operation permit application, an acid rain portion of an operation permit or an exemption under s. NR 409.04, 409.05 or 409.055 may be construed as doing any of the following:

NR 409.06(8)(a) (a) Except as expressly provided in title IV of the act (42 USC 7651 to 7651o), exempting or excluding the owners and operators and, to the extent applicable, the designated representative of an affected source or affected unit from compliance with any other provision of the act, including the provisions of title I of the act relating to applicable national ambient air quality standards or state implementation plans.

NR 409.06(8)(b) (b) Limiting the number of allowances a unit can hold; provided, that the number of allowances held by the unit may not affect the source’s obligation to comply with any other provisions of the act.

NR 409.06(8)(c) (c) Requiring a change of any kind in any state law regulating electric utility rates and charges, affecting any state law regarding the state regulation, or limiting the state regulation, including any prudence review requirements under state law.

NR 409.06(8)(d) (d) Modifying the federal power act (16 USC 791a to 828c) or affecting the authority of the federal energy regulatory commission under the federal power act.

NR 409.06(8)(e) (e) Interfering with or impairing any program for competitive bidding for power supply in a state in which the program is established.

NR 409.06 History History: Cr. Register, April, 1995, No. 472, eff. 5-1-95; am. (8) (d), Register, December, 1995, No. 480, eff. 1-1-96; am. (8) (intro.), (d), Register, December, 1996. No. 492, eff. 1-1-97; renum. (5) (b) to be (5) (c), am. (2) (a), (b), (c), (3) (f), (6) (a) 2., (7) (a), (b), (f) and (8) (intro.) and cr. (4) and (5) (b), Register, November, 1999, No. 527, eff. 12-1-99.

NR 409.065 NR 409.065 Nitrogen oxides requirements.

NR 409.065(1) (1) Applicability.

NR 409.065(1)(a) (a) Except as provided in pars. (b) to (c), this section applies to each coal-fired utility unit that is subject to an acid rain emissions limitation or reduction requirement for SO2 under Phase I or Phase II pursuant to section 404, 405 or 409 of the act (42 USC 7651c, 7651d or 7651h).

NR 409.065(1)(b) (b) The emission limitations for NOx under this section apply to each affected coal-fired utility unit subject to section 404(d) or 409(b) of the act on the date the unit is required to meet the acid rain emissions reduction requirement for SO2.

NR 409.065(1)(c) (c) The provisions of this section apply to each coal-fired substitution unit or compensating unit, designated and approved by U.S. EPA as a Phase I unit pursuant to 40 CFR 72.41 or 72.43 as follows:

NR 409.065(1)(c)1. 1. A coal-fired substitution unit that is designated in a substitution plan that is approved by U.S. EPA and active as of January 1, 1995 shall be treated as a Phase I coal-fired utility unit for purposes of this section. In the event the designation of the unit as a substitution unit is terminated after December 31, 1995, pursuant to 40 CFR 72.41 and the unit is no longer required to meet Phase I SO2 emissions limitations, the provisions of this section will continue to apply.

NR 409.065(1)(c)2. 2. A coal-fired substitution unit that is designated in a substitution plan that is not approved by U.S. EPA or not active as of January 1, 1995, or a coal-fired compensating unit, shall be treated as a Phase II coal-fired utility unit for purposes of this section.

NR 409.065(2) (2) Nitrogen oxides emission limitations for group 1, phase 1 boilers.

NR 409.065(2)(a) (a) Beginning January 1, 1996, or for a unit subject to section 404(d) of the act, the date on which the unit is required to meet acid rain emission reduction requirements for SO2, the owner or operator of a Phase I coal-fired utility unit with a tangentially fired boiler or a dry bottom wall-fired boiler, other than units applying cell burner technology, may not discharge, or allow to be discharged, emissions of NOx in excess of the following limits, except as provided in par. (c) or (e) or in sub. (6) or (7):

NR 409.065(2)(a)1. 1. 0.45 pound per million Btu of heat input on an annual average basis for tangentially fired boilers.

NR 409.065(2)(a)2. 2. 0.50 pound per million Btu of heat input on an annual average basis for dry bottom wall-fired boilers other than units applying cell burner technology.

NR 409.065(2)(b) (b) The owner or operator shall determine the annual average NOx emission rate, in pound per million Btu, using the methods and procedures specified in 40 CFR part 75.

NR 409.065(2)(c) (c) Unless the unit meets the early election requirement of sub. (5), the owner or operator of a coal-fired substitution unit with a tangentially fired boiler or a dry bottom wall-fired boiler, other than units applying cell burner technology, that satisfies the requirements of sub. (1) (c) 2., shall comply with the NOx emission limitations that apply to Group 1, Phase II boilers.

NR 409.065(2)(d) (d) The owner or operator of a Phase I unit with a cell burner boiler that converts to a conventional wall-fired boiler on or before January 1, 1995 or, for a unit subject to section 404(d) of the act, the date the unit is required to meet acid rain emissions reduction requirements for SO2 shall comply, by the respective date or January 1, 1996, whichever is later, with the NOx emissions limitation applicable to dry bottom wall-fired boilers under par. (a), except as provided in par. (c) or (e) or in sub. (6) or (7).

NR 409.065(2)(e) (e) The owner or operator of a Phase I unit with a Group 1 boiler that converts to a fluidized bed or other type of utility boiler not included in Group 1 boilers on or before January 1, 1995 or, for a unit subject to section 404(d) of the act, the date the unit is required to meet acid rain emissions reduction requirements for SO2, is exempt from the NOx emissions limitations specified in par. (a), but shall comply with the NOx emission limitations for Group 2 boilers under sub. (3).

NR 409.065(2)(f) (f) Except as provided in sub. (5) and in par. (c), each unit subject to the requirements of this section is not subject to the requirements of sub. (4).

NR 409.065(3) (3) Nitrogen oxides emission limitations for group 2 boilers.

NR 409.065(3)(a) (a) Beginning January 1, 2000 or, for a unit subject to section 409(b) of the act, the date on which the unit is required to meet acid rain emission reduction requirements for SO2, the owner or operator of a Group 2 coal-fired boiler with a cell burner boiler, cyclone boiler, a wet bottom boiler or a vertically fired boiler may not discharge, or allow to be discharged, emissions of NOx to the atmosphere in excess of the following limits, except as provided in sub. (6) or (7):

NR 409.065(3)(a)1. 1. 0.68 pound per million Btu of heat input on an annual average basis for cell burner boilers. The NOx emission control technology on which the emission limitation is based is plug-in combustion controls or non-plug-in combustion controls. Except as provided in sub. (2) (d), the owner or operator of a unit with a cell burner boiler that installs non-plug-in combustion controls after November 15, 1990 shall comply with the emission limitation applicable to cell burner boilers. The owner or operator of a unit with a cell burner that installs non-plug-in combustion controls on or before November 15, 1990 shall comply with the applicable emission limitation for dry bottom wall-fired boilers.

NR 409.065(3)(a)2. 2. 0.86 pound per million Btu of heat input on an annual average basis for cyclone boilers with a maximum continuous steam flow at 100% of load of greater than 1060, in thousands of pounds per hour. The NOx emission control technology on which the emission limitation is based is natural gas reburning or selective catalytic reduction.

NR 409.065(3)(a)3. 3. 0.84 pound per million Btu of heat input on an annual average basis for wet bottom boilers, with a maximum continuous steam flow at 100% of load of greater than 450, in thousands of pounds per hour. The NOx emission control technology on which the emission limitation is based is natural gas reburning or selective catalytic reduction.

NR 409.065(3)(a)4. 4. 0.80 pound per million Btu of heat input on an annual average basis for vertically-fired boilers. The NOx emission control technology on which the emission limitation is based is combustion controls.

NR 409.065(3)(b) (b) The owner or operator shall determine the annual average NOx emission rate, in pounds per million Btu, using the methods and procedures specified in 40 CFR part 75.

NR 409.065(4) (4) Nitrogen oxides emission limitations for group 1, phase ii boilers.

NR 409.065(4)(a) (a) Beginning January 1, 2000, the owner or operator of a Group 1, Phase II coal-fired utility unit with a tangentially-fired boiler or a dry bottom wall-fired boiler may not discharge, or allow to be discharged, emissions of NOx to the atmosphere in excess of the following limits, except as provided in sub. (5), (6) or (7):

NR 409.065(4)(a)1. 1. 0.40 pound per million Btu of heat input on an annual average basis for tangentially-fired boilers.

NR 409.065(4)(a)2. 2. 0.46 pound per million Btu of heat input on an annual average basis for dry bottom wall-fired boilers other than units applying cell burner technology.

NR 409.065(4)(b) (b) The owner or operator shall determine the annual average NOx emission rate, in pounds per million Btu, using the methods and procedures specified in 40 CFR part 75.

NR 409.065(5) (5) Early election for group 1, phase ii boilers.

NR 409.065(5)(a) (a) General provisions.

NR 409.065(5)(a)1. 1. The owner or operator of a Phase II coal-fired utility unit with a Group 1 boiler may elect to have the unit become subject to the applicable emissions limitation for NOx under sub. (2), starting no later than January 1, 1997.

NR 409.065(5)(a)2. 2. The owner or operator of a Phase II coal-fired utility unit with a Group 1 boiler that elects to become subject to the applicable emission limitation under sub. (2) may not be subject to sub. (4) until January 1, 2008, provided the designated representative demonstrates that the unit is in compliance with the limitation under sub. (2), using the methods and procedures specified in 40 CFR part 75, for the period beginning January 1 of the year in which the early election takes effect, but not later than January 1, 1997, and ending December 31, 2007.

NR 409.065(5)(a)3. 3. The owner or operator of any Phase II unit with a cell burner boiler that converts to conventional burner technology may elect to become subject to the applicable emissions limitation under sub. (2) for dry bottom wall-fired boilers, provided the owner or operator complies with the provisions in subd. 2.

NR 409.065(5)(a)4. 4. The owner or operator of a Phase II unit approved for early election may not submit an application for an alternative emissions limitation demonstration period under sub. (6) until the earlier of the following:

NR 409.065(5)(a)4.a. a. January 1, 2008.

NR 409.065(5)(a)4.b. b. Early election is terminated pursuant to par. (d) 3.

NR 409.065(5)(a)5. 5. The owner or operator of a Phase II unit approved for early election may not incorporate the unit into an averaging plan prior to January 1, 2000. On or after January 1, 2000, for purposes of the averaging plan, the early election unit will be treated as subject to the applicable emissions limitation for NOx for Phase II units with Group 1 boilers under sub. (4).

NR 409.065(5)(b) (b) Submission of plan. In order to obtain early election status, the designated representative of a Phase II unit with a Group 1 boiler shall have submitted an early election plan to U.S. EPA by January 1, 1997, and U.S. EPA shall have approved the plan.

NR 409.065(5)(c) (c) Department’s action. Beginning January 1, 2000, the department shall approve any early election plan previously approved by U.S. EPA during Phase I, unless the plan is terminated pursuant to par. (d) 3.

NR 409.065(5)(d) (d) Special provisions.

NR 409.065(5)(d)1. 1. ‘Nitrogen oxides.’ A unit that is governed by an approved early election plan shall be subject to an emissions limitation for NOx as provided under par. (a) 2. except as provided under subd. 3. c.

NR 409.065(5)(d)2. 2. ‘Liability.’ The owners and operators of a unit governed by an approved early election plan shall be liable for any violation of the plan or this section at that unit. The owners and operators shall be liable, beginning January 1, 2000, for fulfilling the obligations specified in 40 CFR part 77.

NR 409.065(5)(d)3. 3. ‘Termination.’

NR 409.065(5)(d)3.a. a. An approved early election plan shall be in effect only until the earlier of January 1, 2008 or January 1 of the calendar year for which a termination of the plan takes effect.

NR 409.065(5)(d)3.b. b. If the designated representative of the unit under an approved early election plan fails to demonstrate compliance with the applicable emissions limitation under sub. (2) for any year during the period beginning January 1 of the first year the early election takes effect and ending December 31, 2007, the department shall terminate the plan. The termination shall take effect beginning January 1 of the year after the year for which there is a failure to demonstrate compliance, and the designated representative may not submit a new early election plan.

NR 409.065(5)(d)3.c. c. The designated representative of the unit under an approved early election plan may terminate the plan any year prior to 2008 but may not submit a new early election plan. In order to terminate the plan, the designated representative shall submit a notice under s. NR 409.09 (1) (d) by January 1 of the year for which the termination is to take effect.

NR 409.065(5)(d)3.d. d. If an early election plan is terminated any year prior to 2000, the unit shall meet, beginning January 1, 2000, the applicable emissions limitation for NOx for Phase II units with Group 1 boilers under sub. (4).

NR 409.065(5)(d)3.e. e. If an early election plan is terminated in or after 2000, the unit shall meet, beginning on the effective date of the termination, the applicable emissions limitation for NOx for Phase II units with Group 1 boilers under sub. (4).

NR 409.065(6) (6) Alternative emission limitations.

NR 409.065(6)(a) (a) General provisions. The designated representative of an affected unit that is not an early election unit pursuant to sub. (5) and cannot meet the applicable emission limitation in sub. (2), (3) or (4) using, for Group 1 boilers, either low NOx burner technology or an alternative technology in accordance with par. (e) 11., or, for tangentially-fired boilers, separated overfire air, or, for Group 2 boilers, the technology on which the applicable emission limitation is based may petition the department for an alternative emission limitation less stringent than the applicable emission limitation. In order for the unit to qualify for an alternative emission limitation, the designated representative shall demonstrate that the affected unit cannot meet the applicable emission limitation in sub. (2), (3) or (4) based on a showing, to the satisfaction of U.S. EPA, that all of the following apply:

NR 409.065(6)(a)1. 1. One of the following:

NR 409.065(6)(a)1.a. a. For a tangentially-fired boiler, the owner or operator has either properly installed low NOx burner technology or properly installed separated overfire air.

NR 409.065(6)(a)1.b. b. For a dry bottom wall-fired boiler, other than a unit applying cell burner technology, the owner or operator has properly installed low NOx burner technology.

NR 409.065(6)(a)1.c. c. For a Group 1 boiler, the owner or operator has properly installed an alternative technology, including but not limited to reburning, selective noncatalytic reduction or selective catalytic reduction, that achieves NOx emission reductions demonstrated in accordance with par. (e) 11.

NR 409.065(6)(a)1.d. d. For a Group 2 boiler, the owner or operator has properly installed the appropriate NOx emission control technology on which the applicable emission limitation in sub. (3) is based.

NR 409.065(6)(a)2. 2. The installed NOx emission control system has been designed to meet the applicable emission limitation in sub. (2), (3) or (4).

NR 409.065(6)(a)3. 3. For a demonstration period of at least 15 months or other period of time, as provided in par. (f) 1., all of the following:

NR 409.065(6)(a)3.a. a. The NOx emission control system has been properly installed and properly operated according to specifications and procedures designed to minimize the emissions of NOx to the atmosphere.

NR 409.065(6)(a)3.b. b. Unit operating data as specified in this section show that the unit and NOx emission control system were operated in accordance with the bid and design specifications on which the design of the NOx emission control system was based.

NR 409.065(6)(a)3.c. c. Unit operating data as specified in this section, continuous emission monitoring data obtained pursuant to 40 CFR part 75, and the test data specific to the NOx emission control system show that the unit could not meet the applicable emission limitation in sub. (2), (3) or (4).

NR 409.065(6)(b) (b) Petitioning process. The petitioning process for an alternative emission limitation shall consist of the following steps:

NR 409.065(6)(b)1. 1. The owner or operator establishes, through unit operation during a period of at least 3 months following the installation of the NOx emission control system, that the specific unit and its NOx emission control system were unable to meet the applicable emissions limitation under sub. (2), (3) or (4) while operated in accordance with the design operating conditions and with vendor specifications and procedures.

NR 409.065(6)(b)2. 2. The owner or operator submits a petition for an alternative emission limitation demonstration period as specified in par. (d).

NR 409.065(6)(b)3. 3. The owner or operator demonstrates, during a demonstration period of at least 15 months or other period of time as provided in par. (f) 1., that the specific unit is able to meet neither the applicable emissions limitation under sub. (2), (3) or (4) nor the minimum NOx emissions rate that the specific unit can achieve during long-term load dispatch operation.

NR 409.065(6)(b)4. 4. The owner or operator submits a petition for a final alternative emission limitation as specified in par. (e).

NR 409.065(6)(c) (c) Deadlines.

NR 409.065(6)(c)1. 1. Petition for an alternative emission limitation demonstration period. The designated representative of the unit shall submit a petition for an alternative emission limitation demonstration period to the department after the unit has been operated for at least 3 months after installation of the NOx emission control system required under par. (a) and not later than either of the following:

NR 409.065(6)(c)1.a. a. 120 days after January 1 of the calendar year in which the alternative emission limitation demonstration period is to begin.

NR 409.065(6)(c)1.b. b. 120 days after startup of the NOx emission control system if the unit is not operating at the beginning of that calendar year.

NR 409.065(6)(c)2. 2. Petition for a final alternative emission limitation. Not later than 90 days after the end of an approved alternative emission limitation demonstration period for the unit, the designated representative of the unit may submit a petition for an alternative emission limitation to the department.

NR 409.065(6)(c)3. 3. Renewal of an alternative emission limitation. In order to request continuation of an alternative emission limitation, the designated representative shall submit a petition to renew the alternative emission limitation on the date that the application for renewal of the source’s acid rain portion of an operation permit containing the alternative emission limitation is due.

NR 409.065(6)(d) (d) Contents of petition for an alternative emission limitation demonstration period. The designated representative of an affected unit that has met the minimum criteria under par. (a) and that has been operated for a period of at least 3 months following the installation of the required NOx emission control system may submit to the department a petition for an alternative emission limitation demonstration period. In the petition, the designated representative shall provide all of the following information:

NR 409.065(6)(d)1. 1. Identification of the unit.

NR 409.065(6)(d)2. 2. The type of NOx control technology installed.

NR 409.065 Note Note: NOx control technologies include, but are not limited to, the following: low NOx burner technology, selective noncatalytic reduction, selective catalytic reduction and reburning.

NR 409.065(6)(d)3. 3. If an alternative technology is installed, the time period, not less than 6 consecutive months, prior to installation of the technology to be used for the demonstration required in par. (e) 11.

NR 409.065(6)(d)4. 4. Documentation as set forth in sub. (9) (b) showing that the installed NOx emission control system has been designed to meet the applicable emission limitation in sub. (2), (3) or (4) and that the system has been properly installed according to procedures and specifications designed to minimize the emissions of NOx to the atmosphere.

NR 409.065(6)(d)5. 5. The date the unit commenced operation following the installation of the NOx emission control system or the date the specific unit became subject to the emission limitations of sub. (2), (3) or (4), whichever is later.