Chapter NR 405

NR 405.11(1)(a) (a) Any application for a permit under this chapter shall contain an analysis of ambient air quality in the area that the major stationary source or major modification would affect for each of the following air contaminants:

NR 405.11(1)(a)1. 1. For the major source, each air contaminant that it would have the potential to emit in a significant amount.

NR 405.11(1)(a)2. 2. For the major modification, each air contaminant for which it would result in a significant net emissions increase.

NR 405.11(1)(b) (b) For any air contaminant for which no national ambient air quality standard exists, the analysis shall contain such air quality monitoring data as the department determines is necessary to assess ambient air quality for that air contaminant in any area that the emissions of that air contaminant would affect.

NR 405.11(1)(c) (c) For any air contaminant for which a standard does exist, the analysis shall contain continuous air quality monitoring data gathered for purposes of determining whether emissions of that air contaminant would cause or contribute to a violation of the standard or any maximum allowable increase.

NR 405.11(1)(d) (d) In general, the continuous air monitoring data that is required shall be gathered over a period of one year and shall represent the year preceding receipt of the application, except that, if the department determines that a complete and adequate analysis can be accomplished with monitoring data gathered over a period shorter than one year (but not to be less than 4 months), the data that is required shall be gathered over at least that shorter period.

NR 405.11(1)(e) (e) The owner or operator of a proposed major stationary source or major modification of volatile organic compounds who satisfies all conditions of 40 CFR part 51, Appendix S, section IV, incorporated by reference in s. NR 484.04, may provide post-approval monitoring data for ozone in lieu of providing pre-construction data as required under this section.

NR 405.11(2) (2) Post-construction monitoring. The owner or operator of a major stationary source or major modification shall, after construction of the stationary source or modification, conduct such ambient monitoring as the department determines is necessary to determine the effect emissions from the stationary source or modification may have, or are having, on air quality in any area.

NR 405.11(3) (3) Operation of monitoring stations. The owner or operator of a major stationary source or a major modification shall meet the requirements of Appendix B to 40 CFR part 58, incorporated by reference in s. NR 484.04, during the operation of monitoring stations for purposes of satisfying this section.

NR 405.11 History History: Cr. Register, January, 1987, No. 373, eff. 2-1-87; am. (1) (b), (c), (e) and (3), r. (4), Register, May, 1992, No. 437, eff. 6-1-92; am. (1) (e) and (3), Register, December, 1995, No. 480, eff. 1-1-96.

NR 405.12 NR 405.12 Source information.

NR 405.12(1) (1) The owner or operator of a proposed major source or major modification shall submit all information necessary to perform any analysis or make any determination required under procedures established in accordance with this chapter.

NR 405.12(2) (2) Such information shall include:

NR 405.12(2)(a) (a) A description of the nature, location, design capacity, and typical operating schedule of the major source or major modification, including specifications and drawings showing its design and plant layout.

NR 405.12(2)(b) (b) A detailed schedule for construction of the major source or major modification.

NR 405.12(2)(c) (c) A detailed description as to what system of continuous emission reduction is planned by the major source or major modification, emission estimates, and any other information as necessary to determine that best available control technology as applicable would be applied.

NR 405.12(3) (3) The owner or operator shall also provide information on all of the following:

NR 405.12(3)(a) (a) The air quality impact of the major source or major modification, including meteorological and topographical data necessary to estimate such impact.

NR 405.12(3)(b) (b) The air quality impacts and the nature and extent of any or all general, commercial, residential, industrial and other growth which has occurred since August 7, 1977, in the area the major source or major modification would affect.

NR 405.12 History History: Cr. Register, January, 1987, No. 373, eff. 2-1-87; am. (3) (intro.), Register, December, 1996, No. 492, eff. 1-1-97.

NR 405.13 NR 405.13 Additional impact analyses.

NR 405.13(1) (1) The owner or operator shall provide an analysis of the impairment to visibility, soils, and vegetation that would occur as a result of the major source or major modification and general commercial, residential, industrial and other growth associated with the major source or major modification. The owner or operator need not provide an analysis of the impact on vegetation having no significant commercial or recreational value.

NR 405.13(2) (2) The owner or operator shall provide an analysis of the air quality impact projected for the area as a result of general, commercial, residential, industrial and other growth associated with the major source or major modification.

NR 405.13 History History: Cr. Register, January, 1987, No. 373, eff. 2-1-87.

NR 405.14 NR 405.14 Sources impacting federal Class I areas — additional requirements.

NR 405.14(1) (1) Notice to epa. The department shall transmit to the administrator a copy of each permit application relating to a major stationary source or major modification and provide notice to the administrator of every action related to the consideration of such permit.

NR 405.14(2) (2) Federal land manager. The federal land manager and the federal official charged with direct responsibility for management of Class I lands have an affirmative responsibility to protect the air quality related values (including visibility) of any such lands and to consider, in consultation with the administrator, whether a proposed source or modification would have an adverse impact on such values.

NR 405.14(3) (3) Denial — impact on air quality related values. The department shall allow the federal land manager of any Class I lands the opportunity to present to the department after the department’s preliminary determination required under procedures developed in accordance with s. NR 405.16, a demonstration that the emissions from the proposed major source or major modification would have an adverse impact on the air quality related values (including visibility) of any federal mandatory Class I lands, notwithstanding that the change in air quality resulting from emissions from such source or modification would not cause or contribute to concentrations which would exceed the maximum allowable increases for a Class I area. If the department concurs with such demonstration, the permit may not be issued.

NR 405.14(4) (4) Class I variances. The owner or operator of a proposed major source or major modification may demonstrate to the federal land manager that the emissions from the source would have no adverse impact on the air quality-related values, including visibility, of these lands, notwithstanding that the change in air quality resulting from emissions from the source or modification would cause or contribute to concentrations which would exceed the maximum allowable increases for a Class I area. If the federal land manager concurs with this demonstration and so certifies to the department, the department may, provided that applicable requirements of this chapter are otherwise met, issue the permit with such emission limitations as may be necessary to assure that emissions of particulate matter measured as PM10, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide would not exceed the following maximum allowable increases over minor source baseline concentration for these air contaminants.

NR 405.14(5) (5) Sulfur dioxide variance by department with federal land manager’s concurrence.

NR 405.14(5)(a) (a) The owner or operator of a proposed major source or major modification which cannot be approved under procedures developed pursuant to sub. (4) may demonstrate to the department that the source or modification cannot be constructed by reason of any maximum allowable increase for sulfur dioxide for periods of 24-hours or less applicable to any Class I area and, in the case of federal mandatory Class I areas, that a variance under this subsection would not adversely affect the air quality related values of the area (including visibility).

NR 405.14(5)(b) (b) The department, after consideration of the federal land manager’s recommendation (if any) and subject to his or her concurrence, may grant, after notice and an opportunity for a public hearing, a variance from such maximum allowable increase.

NR 405.14(5)(c) (c) If such variance is granted, the department shall issue a permit to such major source or major modification in accordance with provisions developed pursuant to sub. (7), provided that the applicable requirements of this chapter are otherwise met.

NR 405.14(6) (6) Variance by the department with the concurrence of the president of the United States.

NR 405.14(6)(a) (a) The recommendations of the department and the federal land manager shall be transferred to the president in any case where the department recommends a variance in which the federal land manager does not concur.

NR 405.14(6)(b) (b) The president may approve the department’s recommendation if he or she finds that such variance is in the national interest.

NR 405.14(6)(c) (c) If such a variance is approved, the department shall issue a permit in accordance with provisions developed pursuant to the requirements of sub. (7), provided that the applicable requirements of this chapter are otherwise met.

NR 405.14(7) (7) Emission limitations for presidential denial or departmental variance. In the case of a permit issued under procedures developed pursuant to sub. (5) or (6), the major source or major modification shall comply with emission limitations as may be necessary to assure that emissions of sulfur dioxide from the major source or major modification would not, during any day on which the otherwise applicable maximum allowable increases are exceeded, cause or contribute to concentrations which would exceed the following maximum allowable increases over the baseline concentration and to assure that such emissions would not cause or contribute to concentrations which exceed the otherwise applicable maximum allowable increase for periods of exposure of 24 hours or less for more than 18 days, not necessarily consecutive, during any annual period.

Maximum Allowable SO2 Increase
(µg/m3)

NR 405.14 History History: Cr. Register, January, 1987, No. 373, eff. 2-1-87; am. (4) and (7), Register, May, 1992, No. 437, eff. 6-1-92; am. (4), Register, April, 1995, No. 472, eff. 5-1-95; am. (1), (2) and (4), Register, December, 1995, No. 480, eff. 1-1-96; am. (7), Register, December, 1996, No. 492, eff. 1-1-97.

NR 405.15 NR 405.15 Public participation.

NR 405.15(1) (1) The department shall notify all applicants within 20 days as to the completeness of the application or any deficiency in the application or information submitted. In the event of such a deficiency, the date of receipt of the application shall be the date on which the department received all required information.

NR 405.15(2) (2) Within 205 business days after receipt of a complete application, the department shall:

NR 405.15(2)(a) (a) Make a preliminary determination whether construction should be approved, approved with conditions, or disapproved.

NR 405.15(2)(b) (b) Make available in at least one location in each region in which the proposed source would be constructed a copy of all materials the applicant submitted, a copy of the preliminary determination, and a copy or summary of other materials, if any, considered in making the preliminary determination.

NR 405.15(2)(c) (c) Notify the public, by advertisement in a newspaper of general circulation in each region in which the proposed source would be constructed, of the application, the preliminary determination, the degree of increment consumption that is expected from the source or modification, and of the opportunity for comment at a public hearing, as well as written public comment.

NR 405.15(2)(d) (d) Send a copy of the notice of public comment to the applicant, the administrator and to officials and agencies having cognizance over the location where the proposed construction would occur as follows: any other state or local air pollution control agencies; the chief executives of the city and county where the source would be located; any comprehensive regional land use planning agency; and any state, federal land manager, or Indian governing body whose lands may be affected by emissions from the major source or major modification.

NR 405.15(2)(e) (e) Provide opportunity for a public hearing for interested persons to appear and submit written or oral comments on the air quality impact of the source, alternatives to it, the control technology required, and other appropriate considerations.

NR 405.15(2)(f) (f) Consider all written comments submitted within a time specified in the notice of public comment and all comments received at any public hearing in making a final decision on the approvability of the application. The department shall make all comments available for public inspection in the same locations where the department made available pre-construction information relating to the proposed major source or major modification.

NR 405.15(2)(g) (g) Make a final determination whether construction should be approved, approved with conditions, or disapproved.

NR 405.15(2)(h) (h) Notify the applicant in writing of the final determination and make such notification available for public inspection at the same location where the department made available pre-construction information and public comments relating to the source.

NR 405.15 Note Note: The requirement that a final permit determination be accomplished within one year of receipt of a permit application in the federal regulations has been changed to within 205 business days of receipt of application in this subsection.

NR 405.15 History History: Cr. Register, January, 1987, No. 373, eff. 2-1-87; am. (2) (d), Register, December, 1995, No. 480, eff. 1-1-96; am. (2) (intro), Register, August, 2000, No. 536, eff. 9-1-00.

NR 405.16 NR 405.16 Source obligation.

NR 405.16(1) (1) Approval to construct does not relieve any owner or operator of the responsibility to comply fully with applicable provisions of the chs. NR 400 to 499 and any other requirements under local, state or federal law.

NR 405.16(2) (2) At such time that a particular source or modification becomes a major stationary source or major modification solely by virtue of a relaxation in any enforceable limitation which was established after August 7, 1980, on the capacity of the source or modification otherwise to emit an air contaminant such as a restriction on hours of operation, then the requirements of ss. NR 405.08 to 405.17 shall apply to the source or modification as though construction had not yet commenced on the major source or major modification.

NR 405.16(3) (3) For a project involving existing emissions units at a major stationary source which does not have a PAL, in circumstances where the calculated difference between projected actual emissions using the method specified in s. NR 405.02 (25f) (b) 1. to 2., and baseline actual emissions does not exceed the level that is considered significant for the air contaminant, the owner or operator shall do the following as applicable:

NR 405.16(3)(a) (a) Before beginning actual construction of the project, document and maintain a record of all of the following:

NR 405.16(3)(a)1. 1. A description of the project.

NR 405.16(3)(a)2. 2. Identification of the emissions unit or units whose emissions of a regulated NSR air contaminant could be affected by the project.

NR 405.16(3)(a)3. 3. The calculation of the net emissions increase under s. NR 405.02 (24) (a) that was used to determine that the project is not a major modification for any regulated NSR air contaminant, including the baseline actual emissions, the projected actual emissions, the amount of emissions excluded under s. NR 405.02 (25f) (b) 2. and an explanation why the amount was excluded, and any netting calculations, if applicable.

NR 405.16(3)(b) (b) If the emissions unit is an existing electric utility steam generating unit, before beginning actual construction, provide a copy of the information in par. (a) to the department. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to require the owner or operator of the unit to obtain any determination from the department before beginning actual construction.

NR 405.16(3)(c) (c) If the owner or operator excludes emissions from the calculation of projected actual emissions under s. NR 405.02 (25f) (b) 2. and the difference between projected actual emissions and baseline actual emissions exceeds the level that is considered to be significant for the air contaminant prior to the exclusion of emissions from the calculation of projected actual emissions under s. NR 405.02 (25f) (b) 2., before beginning actual construction, provide a copy of the information in par. (a) to the department. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to require the owner or operator of the unit to obtain any determination from the department before beginning actual construction.

NR 405.16(3)(d) (d) Monitor the emissions of any regulated NSR air contaminant that could increase as a result of the project and that is emitted by any emissions unit identified in par. (a) 2. and calculate and maintain a record of the annual emissions, in tons per year on a calendar year basis, for a period of 5 years following resumption of regular operations after the change, or for a period of 10 years following resumption of regular operations after the change if the project increases the design capacity or potential to emit of that regulated NSR air contaminant at the emissions unit.

NR 405.16(3)(e) (e) If the unit is an existing electric utility steam generating unit, submit a report to the department within 60 days after the end of each year during which records must be generated under par. (d) setting out the unit’s annual emissions during the calendar year that preceded submission of the report.

NR 405.16(3)(f) (f) If the unit is an existing unit other than an electric utility steam generating unit, submit a report to the department if the annual emissions, in tons per year, from the project identified in par. (a), exceed the baseline actual emissions, as documented and maintained pursuant to par. (d) by a significant amount, as defined in s. NR 405.02 (27), for that regulated NSR air contaminant, and if the emissions differ from the preconstruction projection that was provided to the department pursuant to par. (c). The report shall be submitted to the department within 60 days after the end of the year. The report shall contain all of the following:

NR 405.16(3)(f)1. 1. The name, address and telephone number of the major stationary source.

NR 405.16(3)(f)2. 2. The annual emissions as calculated pursuant to par. (a) 3.

NR 405.16(3)(f)3. 3. Any other information that the owner or operator wishes to include in the report, e.g., an explanation as to why the emissions differ from the preconstruction projection.

NR 405.16(4) (4) The owner or operator of the source shall make the information required to be documented and maintained pursuant to sub. (3) available for inspection, upon request by the department or the general public.

NR 405.16 History History: Cr. Register, January, 1987, No. 373, eff. 2-1-87; CR 03-118: cr. (3) and (4), Register June 2007 No. 618, eff. 7-1-07.

NR 405.17 NR 405.17 Innovative control technology.

NR 405.17(1) (1) An owner or operator of a proposed major stationary source or major modification may request the department to approve a system of innovative control technology.

NR 405.17(2) (2) The department may, with the consent of the governor of any other affected state, determine that the major source or major modification may employ a system of innovative control technology if all of the following conditions are met:

NR 405.17(2)(a) (a) The proposed control system would not cause or contribute to an unreasonable risk to public health, welfare, or safety in its operation or function.

NR 405.17(2)(b) (b) The owner or operator agrees to achieve a level of continuous emissions reduction equivalent to that which would have been required under s. NR 405.08 (2) no later than 3 years from the time of start-up or 6 years from the date of permit issuance.

NR 405.17(2)(c) (c) The source or modification would meet the requirements equivalent to those in ss. NR 405.08 and 405.09 based on the emissions rate that the stationary source employing the system of innovative control technology would be required to meet on the date specified in par. (b).

NR 405.17(2)(d) (d) The major source or major modification would not before the date specified do any of the following:

NR 405.17(2)(d)1. 1. Cause or contribute to any violation of an applicable national ambient air quality standard.

NR 405.17(2)(d)2. 2. Impact any Class I area.

NR 405.17(2)(d)3. 3. Impact any area where an applicable increment is known to be violated.

NR 405.17(2)(e) (e) All other applicable requirements including those for public participation have been met.

NR 405.17(3) (3) The department shall withdraw any approval to employ a system of innovative control technology made under this section, if any of the following occurs:

NR 405.17(3)(a) (a) The proposed system fails by the specified date in sub. (2) (b) to achieve the required continuous emissions reduction rate.

NR 405.17(3)(b) (b) The proposed system fails before the specified date in sub. (2) (b) so as to contribute to an unreasonable risk to public health, welfare, or safety.

NR 405.17(3)(c) (c) The department decides at any time that the proposed system is unlikely to achieve the required level of control or to protect the public health, welfare or safety.

NR 405.17(4) (4) If a major source or major modification fails to meet the required level of continuous emissions reduction within the specified time period, or if the approval is withdrawn in accordance with sub. (3), the department may allow the source of modification up to an additional 3 years to meet the requirement for the application of best available control technology through use of a demonstrated system of control.

NR 405.17 Note Note: The deadline for achieving the required continuous emissions reduction through innovative control technology in the federal regulations (not later than 4 years from the time of startup or 7 years from permit issuance) has been changed to no later than 3 years from time of startup or 6 years from the date of permit issuance in sub. (2) (b).

NR 405.17 History History: Cr. Register, January, 1987, No. 373, eff. 2-1-87; am. (2) (intro.), (d) (intro.), (3) (intro.), Register, December, 1996, No. 492, eff. 1-1-97.