Chapter NR 110

NR 110.03(16) (16) “Infiltration” means water other than wastewater that enters a sewerage system (including sewer service connections) from the ground through such sources as defective pipes, pipe joints, connections, or manholes. Infiltration does not include, and is distinguished from, inflow.

NR 110.03(17) (17) “Inflow” means water other than wastewater that enters a sewerage system (including sewer service connections) from sources such as roof leaders, cellar drains, yard drains, area drains, foundation drains, sump pumps, drains from springs and swampy areas, manhole covers, cross connections between storm sewers and sanitary sewers, catch basins, cooling towers, storm waters, surface runoff, street wash waters, or drainage. Inflow does not include, and is distinguished from, infiltration.

NR 110.03(18) (18) “Interceptor sewer” means a sewer whose primary purpose is to transport wastewaters from collector sewers to a treatment facility.

NR 110.03(18m) (18m) “Intermediate sludge storage” means the storage of sludge for a period of more than 24 hours and no more than 3 months.

NR 110.03(19) (19) “Lagoon” means those sewage treatment facilities where the wastewater or sludge containment structure is constructed primarily of earthen materials.

NR 110.03(19m) (19m) “Long-term sludge storage” means the storage of sludge for a period exceeding 3 months.

NR 110.03(21) (21) “Municipality” means any city, town, village, county, utility district, town sanitary district, public inland lake protection and rehabilitation district or metropolitan sewage district.

NR 110.03(22) (22) “NEC” means the NFPA 70 National Electrical Code. Copies of the National Electrical Code are available for inspection at the offices of the department of natural resources, the secretary of state’s office, and the legislative reference bureau. Copies may be obtained for personal use from the National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471.

NR 110.03(23) (23) “Owner” means the state, county, town, town sanitary district, city, village, firm, company, institution, association, utility district, school district, metropolitan sewerage district, or individual owning or operating a sewerage system.

NR 110.03(25) (25) “Planning area” means that area under study as part of a facilities plan.

NR 110.03(26) (26) “Planning period” means the period over which sewerage system alternatives are evaluated for cost-effectiveness. The planning period begins with the initiation of the operation of the proposed facilities.

NR 110.03(26m) (26m) “Private interceptor main sewer” means a sewer serving two or more buildings and not part of the municipal sewer system.

NR 110.03 Note Note: This is the same definition as contained in s. SPS 381.01 (193).

NR 110.03(27) (27) “Reviewable project” means any construction or installation project for which department approval is required, pursuant to s. 281.41, Stats., including any new sewerage system; and, any improvements, extensions, or alterations of existing sewerage systems which may effect the quality or quantity of effluent or the location of any outfall.

NR 110.03(27e) (27e) “Sanitary sewer overflow” has the meaning specified under s. NR 210.03 (10).

NR 110.03 Note Note: Section NR 210.03 (10) reads: “Sanitary sewer overflow” means a release of wastewater from a sewage collection system or an interceptor sewer directly into a water of the state or to the land surface.

NR 110.03(27m) (27m) “Sanitary sewer overflow structure” means the physical structure, hydraulic mechanisms, and piping specifically constructed to convey a sanitary sewer overflow.

NR 110.03(27s) (27s) “Satellite sewage collection system” has the meaning specified under s. NR 205.03 (31r).

NR 110.03 Note Note: Section NR 205.03 (31r) reads: “Satellite sewage collection system” means a municipally owned or a privately owned sewage collection system that conveys wastewater to another satellite sewage collection system or to another sewerage system that provides wastewater treatment and discharges under a separate WPDES permit.

NR 110.03(28) (28) “Sewage collection system” means the common sanitary sewers, interceptor sewers, and appurtenant equipment, such as lift stations, within a sewerage system which are primarily installed to receive wastewaters directly from facilities which convey wastewater from individual structures or from private property, and which include service connection “Y” fittings designed for connection with those facilities. The facilities which convey wastewater from individual structures, such as building sewers and private interceptor sewers, from private property to the public sanitary sewer, or its equivalent, are specifically excluded from the definition of “sewage collection system”; except that pumping units and pressurized lines for individual structures or groups of structures are included as part of a “sewage collection system” when such units are cost effective and are owned and maintained by the sewerage system owner.

NR 110.03(29) (29) “Sewage treatment facility” means all the structures, pipes, and other equipment that constitute the various treatment processes and treatment units employed to reduce pollutants in sewage.

NR 110.03(29d) (29d) “Sewage treatment facility overflow” has the meaning specified under s. NR 210.03 (13).

NR 110.03 Note Note: Section NR 210.03 (13) reads: “Sewage treatment facility overflow” means a release of wastewater from a location within a sewage treatment facility, other than permitted effluent outfall structures, directly to a water of the state or to the land surface. A sewage treatment facility overflow does not include blending, controlled diversions or discharges from permitted combined sewage treatment facility effluent outfall structures.

NR 110.03(29h) (29h) “Sewage treatment facility overflow structure” means the physical structure, hydraulic mechanisms, and piping specifically constructed to convey a sewage treatment facility overflow.

NR 110.03(29m) (29m) “Sewer extension” means installation of a sewer or interceptor sewer, or extension thereof, to provide additional conveyance capacity and service to development within the existing or proposed tributary area of the extension. Alterations or modifications of existing sewerage systems designed to replace inadequate existing structures or installed because of inadequate hydraulic sewer capacity and that do not extend sanitary sewer service to areas previously not served are not sewer extensions.

NR 110.03(29t) (29t) “Sewer service area” means that area served or anticipated to be served by a sewage collection system.

NR 110.03(30) (30) “Sewerage system” means all structures, conduits and pipes, by which sewage is collected, treated, and disposed of, except plumbing inside and in connection with buildings served, and service pipes, from building to street main.

NR 110.03(31c) (31c) “Short-term sludge storage” means the storage of sludge for a period of no more than 24 hours.

NR 110.03(31e) (31e) “Sludge storage” means the retention of sludge at a treatment plant or at an approved off-site facility.

NR 110.03(32) (32) “Staging period” means the period of time during which reserve capacity will be provided in the sewerage system for future domestic, commercial, and industrial flows.

NR 110.03(32g) (32g) “Treatment process” means a physical, biological or chemical action that is applied to wastewater to remove or reduce pollutants. A treatment process may consist of multiple individual treatment units. “Treatment process” includes screening, chemical treatment, sedimentation, biological treatment, filtration, disinfection, and sludge digestion.

NR 110.03(32i) (32i) “Treatment unit” means individual structures or equipment within a sewage or wastewater treatment facility that are part of a treatment process. Typical treatment units are screens, clarifiers, aeration tanks, filters, digesters, and lagoons.

NR 110.03(32m) (32m) “Water table observation well” means any groundwater monitoring well whose screen intersects the water, which is installed for the specific purpose of determining either the elevation of the water table or the physical, chemical, biological, or radiological properties of groundwater at the water table, or both.

NR 110.03(34) (34) “WPDES permit” means the Wisconsin pollutant discharge elimination system permit issued by the department under ch. 283, Stats., for the discharge of pollutants.

NR 110.03 History History: Cr. Register, November, 1974, No. 227, eff. 12-1-74; r. and recr. Register, December, 1978, No. 276, eff. 1-1-79; cr. (20), Register, August, 1981, No. 308, eff. 9-1-81; renum. (3) to (20) to be (11), (12), (14) to (18), (21), (23), (25) to (32) and (34) and am. (29) and (34), cr. (4) to (10), (13), (19), (20), (22), (24) and (33), Register, February, 1983, No. 326, eff. 3-1-83; cr. (6m), (12m), (13e), (13t), (14e), (14t), (18m), (19m), (31e), (31t) and (32m), am. (19), Register, November, 1990, No. 419, eff. 12-1-90; corrections in (2), (27), and (34) were made under s. 13.93 (2m) (b) 7., Stats., Register, May, 2001, No. 545; corrections in (3), (4), (6), (22) and (33) made under s. 13.92 (4) (b) 6., Stats., Register February 2010 No. 650; CR 09-123: r. (3), (5), (20), (24) and (33), r. and recr. (4) and (6), am. (9) and (22), cr. (12g) Register July 2010 No. 655, eff. 8-1-10; CR 12-027: renum. (6m) to (6e), cr. (6m), (6s), r. and recr. (7), cr. (7e), (7m), (7s), r. (8), r. and recr. (9), r. (10), am. (17), cr. (26m), (27e), (27m), (27s), am. (28), r. and recr. (29), cr. (29d), (29h), (30p), renum. (31) to (29t), cr. (32g), (32r) Register July 2013 No. 691, eff. 8-1-13; renum. (14), (30p), (31t), (32r) to (13c), (29m), (31c), (32i) under s. 13.92 (4) (b) 1., Stats., Register July 2013 No. 691; correction in (15) (c) made under s. 13.92 (4) (b) 7., Stats., Register June 2020 No. 774.

NR 110.04 NR 110.04 Alternative requirements.

NR 110.04(1) (1) If the owner of a proposed reviewable project feels that compliance with the design requirements of this chapter is impracticable, the reasons therefor shall be fully communicated in writing to the department prior to the submission of final plans. This communication must set forth alternative requirements for which department approval is sought and all pertinent facts, data, reports and studies supporting the imposition of such alternative requirements.

NR 110.04(2) (2) If the department determines that compliance with the design requirements of this chapter would be impracticable in specific cases, it may approve alternative requirements which, in its opinion, are in substantial compliance with the requirements of this chapter.

NR 110.04 History History: Cr. Register, November, 1974, No. 227, eff. 12-1-74.

NR 110.05 NR 110.05 Sewer extensions.

NR 110.05(1) (1) Purpose. The purpose of this section is to insure that department approval of applications for sanitary sewer extensions are consistent with and enhance the policy of the state to restore and maintain the chemical, physical and biological integrity of its waters to protect public health, safeguard fish and aquatic life and scenic and ecological values and enhance the domestic, municipal, recreational, industrial, agricultural and other uses of water.

NR 110.05(3) (3) Permissive approvals related to permitted effluent limitations.

NR 110.05(3)(a) (a) Unless an approval would be contrary to the purpose of this section, applications for sanitary sewer extensions that comply with all applicable requirements of this chapter shall be approved if the sewer will be tributary to a sewage treatment facility in compliance with the monthly average effluent limitations for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and total suspended solids contained in its WPDES permit.

NR 110.05(3)(b) (b) In the event that the WPDES permit for a sewage treatment facility currently discharging an effluent in accordance with ch. NR 210 establishes a compliance schedule for achievement of any more stringent water quality related effluent limitations for biochemical oxygen demand and total suspended solids applicable to such treatment facility, compliance with the schedule of compliance in the discharge permit will be deemed to be compliance with the applicable water quality related effluent limitations.

NR 110.05(3)(c) (c) In determining whether a discharged effluent is in compliance with the monthly average effluent limitations for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and total suspended solids contained in a WPDES permit, the following procedure shall apply:

NR 110.05(3)(c)1. 1. Compliance shall be determined by department review of the previous 12 months of discharge monitoring data. If 12 months of data are not available, the review shall be based on the data that are available.

NR 110.05(3)(c)2. 2. More than a total of 3 months of violations of the monthly average limitations for either BOD or total suspended solids or both in the previous 12 months (or the equivalent ratio for the number of months of data available) shall cause denial, subject to the following additional considerations:

NR 110.05(3)(c)2.a. a. Recognition of the inherent inaccuracy of the BOD and total suspended solids tests shall be given by multiplying the monthly average effluent limitations as specified in the permit by a factor of 1.3 for BOD and 1.2 for total suspended solids for purposes of determining whether monthly average effluent results are in compliance.

NR 110.05(3)(c)2.b. b. The department may grant approval if it determines that, due to a demonstrable action by the permittee, the sewage treatment facility has been in compliance for four or more consecutive months, thus demonstrating a trend toward better operation.

NR 110.05(3)(c)2.c. c. The department may grant approval in those instances where the permittee demonstrates that noncompliance with the effluent limitations has been caused by algae growth in a sewage treatment facility utilizing lagoons as the principal treatment process.

NR 110.05(3)(c)2.d. d. The department may grant approval if it determines that noncompliance with the effluent limitations has been caused by operating difficulties associated with startup for those sewage treatment facilities which have recently been constructed or undergone major modification or expansion. The period described as startup may be no longer than 12 consecutive months.

NR 110.05(4) (4) Denial related to permitted effluent limitations.

NR 110.05(4)(a) (a) Taking into account the factors in sub. (3) (c), applications for sanitary sewer extensions shall be denied if the sewer will be tributary to a sewage treatment facility not in compliance with the monthly average effluent limitations for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and total suspended solids contained in its WPDES permit.

NR 110.05(4)(b) (b) If the WPDES permit for a sewage treatment facility establishes a compliance schedule for achievement of any more stringent water quality related effluent limitations for biochemical oxygen demand and total suspended solids applicable to such treatment plant, compliance with the schedule of compliance in the discharge permit shall be deemed to be compliance with the applicable water quality related effluent limitations.

NR 110.05(5) (5) Exceptions. Sewer extensions otherwise prohibited by sub. (4) may be granted by the department upon the determination of any of the following:

NR 110.05(5)(a) (a) That construction of the subdivision, commercial establishment, institutional facility or industrial plant had commenced prior to May 24, 1976, as evidenced by the issuance of a building permit;

NR 110.05(5)(b) (b) That the area to be served was developed prior to May 24, 1976, and that the sewer extension will eliminate use of existing private sewage systems which pose a threat to the public health or safety, provided that connections to the sewer are allowed only for the existing development;

NR 110.05(5)(d) (d) That the proposed extension is a modification of a sewer extension previously approved by the department, providing that the modification results in no increase in the anticipated waste discharge to the sewer system;

NR 110.05(5)(e) (e) That the facilities to be served are intended primarily to provide educational, humanitarian, or charitable community services;

NR 110.05(5)(f) (f) That the program, time schedule, and the commitment to proceed are established in a court-approved stipulation, order, or judgment.

NR 110.05(6) (6) Connection restrictions. As a condition of any approval granted under sub. (5), the department may require that an applicant for a sewer extension restrict the number of connections made to the sewer system in accordance with a prescribed schedule.

NR 110.05 History History: Cr. Register, November, 1974, No. 227, eff. 12-1-74; emerg. r. and recr. eff. 5-24-76; r. and recr. Register, September, 1976, No. 249, eff. 10-1-76; am. (3) (b) and (4) (b), Register, April, 1980, No. 292, eff. 5-1-80; am. Register, August, 1981, No. 308, eff. 9-1-81; am. (4), r. (7), renum. (8) to be (7), Register, June, 1982, No. 318, eff. 7-1-82; emerg. cr. (5) (g), eff. 4-15-83; cr. (5) (g) Register, September, 1983, No. 333, eff. 10-1-83; corrections in (2) (c) and (g) were made under s. 13.93 (2m) (b) 7., Stats., Register, May, 2001, No. 545; CR 09-123: am. (2) (c), (5) (c) and (6), r. and recr. (4), r. (5) (g) Register July 2010 No. 655, eff. 8-1-10; CR 12-027: r. (2), am. (3), (4), r. (5) (c), r. (7) Register July 2013 No. 691, eff. 8-1-13.

NR 110.06 NR 110.06 Construction plans for reviewable projects.

NR 110.06(1) (1) All construction plans for reviewable projects submitted to the department shall be in conformance with ch. NR 108, and shall bear a suitable title block which includes the name of the owner, the scale and the date. The north point shall be shown on each plan. All plans shall be clear and legible. Blueprints will not be accepted. The datum used shall be indicated and shall be related to U.S.G.S. datum.

NR 110.06(2) (2) Detailed construction plans shall contain appropriate plan views, elevations, necessary sections and supplemental views which together with the specifications provide all necessary information for construction of the project. Manufacturers’ drawings shall not be accepted.

NR 110.06(3) (3) All construction plans shall be in conformance with an approved facilities plan as required in s. NR 110.08 (1).

NR 110.06(4) (4) If the construction of a proposed project requires, or may require, any permit under s. 30.12, 30.19, 30.195, or 30.20, Stats., application for the necessary permits shall be made to the department at the same time the project plans and specifications are submitted for review. Failure to apply for the necessary permits shall be cause for denial or rejection of the plans and specifications.

NR 110.06 Note Note: Applicable state and local codes, including those of the department of industry, labor and human relations, the public service commission and the department of health and social services, should be consulted for other requirements.

NR 110.06 History History: Cr. Register, November, 1974, No. 227, eff. 12-1-74; r. and recr. Register, December, 1978, No. 276, eff. 1-1-79; cr. (4), Register, February, 1983, No. 326, eff. 3-1-83.

NR 110.07 NR 110.07 Specifications for reviewable projects.

NR 110.07(1) (1) Complete technical specifications for all reviewable projects shall accompany the construction plans. Where feasible the specifications shall contain provisions for maintaining the same degree of wastewater treatment during construction as that which existed prior to the start of construction.

NR 110.07(2) (2) The specifications accompanying the detailed construction drawing shall include, wherever applicable:

NR 110.07(2)(a) (a) All construction information not shown on the plans;

NR 110.07(2)(b) (b) The complete requirements for all mechanical and electrical equipment;

NR 110.07(2)(c) (c) The type and operating characteristics of all equipment;

NR 110.07(2)(d) (d) The laboratory fixtures and equipment;

NR 110.07(2)(e) (e) The construction materials to be used;

NR 110.07(2)(f) (f) The identification of the chemicals to be used; and

NR 110.07(2)(g) (g) The instructions for testing materials and equipment to meet design standards.

NR 110.07(3) (3) Specifications reproduced from manufacturers’ data and bearing the manufacturers’ labels will not be accepted.

NR 110.07 History History: Cr. Register, November, 1974, No. 227, eff. 12-1-74; r. and recr. Register, December, 1978, No. 276, eff. 1-1-79.

NR 110.08 NR 110.08 Facilities plans for reviewable projects.

NR 110.08(1) (1) Applicability. A facilities plan shall be prepared for each reviewable project submitted to the department for approval. Facilities plans for sewage treatment facilities or new sewage collection systems shall be submitted to and approved by the department prior to submittal of the construction plans and specifications. The department may accept construction plans and specifications for review prior to facilities plan approval provided that all substantive issues of the facilities plan review have been resolved.

NR 110.08(2) (2) Content. The facilities plan for municipally owned sewage treatment facilities, sewage collection systems, and interceptors shall contain all of the information required by s. NR 110.09 (1) through (6), 110.10 (1) and (2), or 110.11 (1), whichever are applicable. The following facilities planning requirements do not apply to nonmunicipally owned facilities: s. NR 110.09 (1) (b) 3., 5. and 8., and (2) (b) to (e) and (j) to (m). The level of detail necessary to fulfill the requirements of this subsection may vary depending on the size and complexity of the project.

NR 110.08(3) (3) Wisconsin environmental policy act review. Facilities plans shall be reviewed by the department in accordance with ch. NR 150.

NR 110.08(4) (4) Conformance with approved areawide waste treatment management plans. All approvable sewerage system facility plans must be in conformance with approved areawide waste treatment management plans unless the department determines that such plans conflict with the department’s responsibilities to protect, maintain, and improve the quality and management of the waters of the state, ground and surface, public and private. In the absence of an approved areawide waste treatment management plan, no determination of such conformance is required.

NR 110.08(5) (5) Approval of new sewage treatment facilities. It is the policy of the department to restrict the construction of new sewage treatment facilities in order to preserve and protect the quality of the waters of the state. The department may deny requests for approval of new sewage treatment facilities unless they meet the following criteria:

NR 110.08(5)(a) (a) Treatment facilities to serve existing residential development. Proposals for new treatment facilities to serve existing residential development may not be approved unless:

NR 110.08(5)(a)1. 1. They are necessary to solve a documented and severe existing water quality (groundwater or surface water) or public health problem related to inadequate existing residential sewage disposal; or, are needed to replace an existing treatment facility which is not in compliance with its WPDES permit;