Chapter NR 106

NR 106.74(1) (1) New discharges. Alternative effluent limitations for temperature may be established by the department for a new discharge if the permittee demonstrates that the discharge, considering the cumulative impact of the thermal discharge together with all other significant impacts on the species affected will assure the protection and propagation of representative, important species and will, in turn, assure the protection and propagation of a balanced, indigenous community of shellfish, fish, and aquatic life in and on the body of receiving water.

NR 106.74(2) (2) Existing discharges. Alternative effluent limitations for temperature may be established by the department for an existing discharge if the permittee has demonstrated either of the following:

NR 106.74(2)(a) (a) No appreciable harm has resulted from the thermal component of the discharge, taking into account the interaction of the component with other pollutants and the additive effect of other thermal discharges, to the representative, important species and a balanced, indigenous community of shellfish, fish, and wildlife in and on the body of water receiving the discharge.

NR 106.74(2)(b) (b) That despite the occurrence of previous appreciable harm, alternative effluent limitations for temperature will assure the protection and propagation of the representative, important species and a balanced, indigenous community of shellfish, fish and wildlife in and on the body of water into receiving the discharge, taking into account the interaction of the thermal component with other pollutants and the additive effect of other thermal discharges.

NR 106.74(3) (3) Appreciable harm. In determining whether appreciable harm has occurred the department shall consider any relevant biological, engineering or other data demonstrating that effluent limitations for temperature calculated using the procedures specified in subch. V are more stringent than necessary to assure the protection and propagation of a balanced, indigenous community of shellfish, fish, and wildlife in and on the body of water receiving the discharge.

NR 106.74(4) (4) Existing variance water limitations. Alternative effluent limitations for temperature determined under this subchapter shall supersede any temperature limitations listed in s. NR 104.06 (2) (b).

NR 106.74(5) (5) Zebra mussel control. Alternative effluent limitations for temperature determined under this subchapter shall be met, except for short-term excursions for zebra or other mussel control, as approved by the department and authorized in a permit on a case-by-case basis.

NR 106.74 History History: CR 07-111: cr. Register September 2010 No. 657, eff. 10-1-10.

NR 106.75 NR 106.75 Compliance schedules. Whenever the department issues or modifies a permit with alternative effluent limitations for temperature established using the procedures in this subchapter, the permit may contain a compliance schedule consistent with the provisions in s. NR 106.117 to attain such limitations. The permittee shall achieve compliance with the limitations as soon as reasonably possible, but no later than the expiration date of the permit.

NR 106.75 History History: CR 07-111: cr. Register September 2010 No. 657, eff. 10-1-10; CR 15-085: am. Register August 2016 No. 728, eff. 9-1-16.

NR 106.76 NR 106.76 Public notice. The public notice of intent to issue, reissue, or modify a permit with alternative effluent limitations established under this subchapter shall contain all of the following:

NR 106.76(1) (1) The effluent temperature limitations that are calculated using the procedures specified in subch. V.

NR 106.76(2) (2) The proposed alternative effluent limitations for temperature.

NR 106.76(3) (3) A statement that the applicant has submitted a demonstration in support of a request for alternative effluent limitations for temperature and that the department is proposing to establish such alternative effluent limitations for temperature or, in the event that at the time of permit issuance, reissuance or modification there is insufficient information to support alternative effluent limitations for temperature, that the department is proposing to include a compliance schedule in the permit.

NR 106.76(4) (4) A statement that all data submitted by the applicant and a summary of the data are available at the offices of the department for public inspection during office hours.

NR 106.76(5) (5) A statement that any interested person may comment upon the applicant’s proposed alternative effluent limitations for temperature.

NR 106.76 History History: CR 07-111: cr. Register September 2010 No. 657, eff. 10-1-10.

NR 106.77 NR 106.77 Application of the variance process in s. 283.15, Stats. Whenever a permittee has been granted alternative effluent limitations for temperature under this chapter, the procedures of s. 283.15, Stats., are not applicable.

NR 106.77 History History: CR 07-111: cr. Register September 2010 No. 657, eff. 10-1-10.

subch. VII of ch. NR 106 Subchapter VII — Effluent Limitations for Chloride Discharges

NR 106.80 NR 106.80 Purpose. The purpose of this subchapter is to specify how the department will regulate the discharge of chloride to surface waters of the state. Nothing in this subchapter shall be construed to prevent or prohibit the use, sale, rental, installation, and service of ion exchange water softeners.

NR 106.80 History History: Cr. Register, January, 2000, No. 529, eff. 2-1-00.

NR 106.81 NR 106.81 Applicability. The provisions of this subchapter are applicable to point sources which discharge wastewater containing chloride to surface waters of the state. The provisions of this subchapter are not applicable to discharges of storm water run-off regulated by a storm water permit.

NR 106.81 History History: Cr. Register, January, 2000, No. 529, eff. 2-1-00.

NR 106.82 NR 106.82 Definitions. In this subchapter:

NR 106.82(1) (1) “Calculated limitation” means a chloride water quality-based effluent limitation.

NR 106.82(2) (2) “Consistently meet” means that 95% of the representative effluent data are less than the calculated limitation.

NR 106.82(3) (3) “DIR” means demand initiated regeneration.

NR 106.82(4) (4) “Daily maximum interim limitation” means an effluent limitation calculated by the department which may be either:

NR 106.82(4)(a) (a) The upper 99th percentile of the permittee’s representative data available to the department, or

NR 106.82(4)(b) (b) A value no greater than 105% of the permittee’s highest representative effluent datum.

NR 106.82(5) (5) “Reasonably meet” means that all of the permittee’s representative effluent data would, using appropriate statistical techniques, be expected to be less than or equal to the target limitation following the completion of all of the source reduction efforts required by the permit.

NR 106.82(6) (6) “Representative effluent data” means data, above the level of detection, which is not serially correlated and which represents normally expected effluent concentrations of chloride, collected during a period that can represent current or expected operations, or both, within the term of the permit.

NR 106.82(7) (7) “Target limitation” means an effluent limitation which the permittee can reasonably meet within the term of the permit, following implementation of appropriate voluntary source reduction activities.

NR 106.82(8) (8) “Target value” means an effluent concentration of chlorides which a permittee may be expected to reasonably meet following implementation of appropriate voluntary source reduction activities. A target value is not an enforceable limitation under the terms of the permit program, but establishes a measure of progress of source reduction activities.

NR 106.82(9) (9) “Weekly average interim limitation” means an effluent limitation calculated by the department which may be either:

NR 106.82(9)(a) (a) The upper 99th percentile of the permittee’s 4-day average of the representative data available to the department, or

NR 106.82(9)(b) (b) A value no greater than 105% of the permittee’s calculated highest weekly average of the representative effluent data.

NR 106.82(10) (10) “WPDES” means Wisconsin pollutant discharge elimination system.

NR 106.82 History History: Cr. Register, January, 2000, No. 529, eff. 2-1-00.

NR 106.83 NR 106.83 Regulation of chloride discharges.

NR 106.83(1) (1) Chloride effluent limitations. The department shall evaluate the need to establish effluent limitations for chloride whenever representative effluent data indicate that the discharge from a point source contains chloride. If the department determines that a water quality-based effluent limitation for chloride is needed, a calculated limitation as defined in s. NR 106.82 (1) shall be included in the permit to meet the applicable water quality standards specified in chs. NR 102 to 105, unless a chloride variance is given pursuant to sub. (2).

NR 106.83(2) (2) Chloride variance.

NR 106.83(2)(a) (a) Findings. On February 1, 2000, the department finds that:

NR 106.83(2)(a)1. 1. End-of-pipe wastewater treatment technology for chloride is prohibitively expensive;

NR 106.83(2)(a)2. 2. End-of-pipe wastewater treatment technology for chloride produces a concentrated brine that can be as much or more of an environmental liability than the untreated effluent;

NR 106.83(2)(a)3. 3. Appropriate chloride source reduction activities are preferable environmentally to end-of-pipe effluent treatment in most cases; and

NR 106.83(2)(a)4. 4. For some dischargers, attaining the applicable water quality standards specified in chs. NR 102 to 105 may cause substantial and widespread adverse social and economic impacts in the area where the discharger is located.

NR 106.83(2)(a)5. 5. These findings shall be reviewed by the department every 3 years.

NR 106.83(2)(b) (b) Application. An existing discharger seeking a chloride variance under this subsection shall submit an application for a chloride variance when it submits its application for permit reissuance. The application shall include the permittee’s basis for concluding that the findings in sub. (2) (a) for a chloride variance are applicable to its discharge.

NR 106.83(2)(c) (c) Department determinations. The department shall review the application submitted by the permittee. The application shall be approved if the department agrees with the permittee’s basis for concluding that the findings under par. (a) for a chloride variance are applicable to its discharge. The department shall obtain U.S. environmental protection agency approval before a variance is included in a permit under this subsection.

NR 106.83(2)(d) (d) Permit conditions implementing a chloride variance. The department shall grant a chloride variance to an existing discharger when:

NR 106.83(2)(d)1. 1. The findings in par. (a) supporting a chloride variance apply to the specific discharge; and

NR 106.83(2)(d)2. 2. The permittee and the department agree upon specific permit language imposing an interim limitation, a target value or, where appropriate, a target limitation, and source reduction activities.

NR 106.83(3) (3) Interim limitations, target values and target limitations and source reduction activities.

NR 106.83(3)(a) (a) If the permittee and the department agree on the inclusion of voluntary source reduction activities and the imposition of an interim limitation and a target value or a target limitation in its permit, those activities and the interim limitation and target value or target limitations shall become permit requirements.

NR 106.83(3)(b) (b) If the permittee and the department cannot agree on voluntary source reduction activities to be included as permit requirements, those activities may not be included in the permit. If the permittee and the department cannot agree on an interim limitation and target value or a target limitation to be included as permit requirements, those limitations may not be included in the permit.

NR 106.83(3)(c) (c) If the permittee and the department cannot agree on voluntary source reduction activities and both an interim limitation and a target value or an interim limitation and a target limitation to be included as permit requirements, the department shall include a calculated limitation as defined in s. NR 106.82 (1) in the permit to meet the applicable water quality standards specified in chs. NR 102 to 105.

NR 106.83(4) (4) Reapplication for a chloride variance. When a permit containing a chloride variance approved by the department under sub. (2) (c) expires, the permittee may reapply for a chloride variance when it submits its application for permit reissuance. The application shall include the permittee’s basis for concluding that the findings in sub. (2) (a) are applicable to its discharge.

NR 106.83(5) (5) Applicability of the variance process in s. 283.15, stats. If a calculated limitation is included in the permit, a permittee may apply to the department for a variance from the water quality standard used to derive the calculated limitation, pursuant to s. 283.15, Stats. Where a permittee has been granted a chloride variance and its permit includes an interim limitation, a target value, a target limitation and requirements for chloride source reduction activities, the provisions of s. 283.15, Stats., are not applicable to the interim and target limitations.

NR 106.83 History History: Cr. Register, January, 2000, No. 529, eff. 2-1-00; CR 15-085: am. (2) (c) Register August 2016 No. 728, eff. 9-1-16.

NR 106.84 NR 106.84 Compliance with Wisconsin water quality antidegradation rules when reissuing a permit. Chapter NR 207 does not apply in those instances in which a reissued permit includes effluent limitations for chloride which represent a lowering of concentration as compared to the interim limitation in the previous permit.

NR 106.84 History History: Cr. Register, January, 2000, No. 529, eff. 2-1-00.

NR 106.85 NR 106.85 Determination of the necessity for water quality-based effluent limitations.

NR 106.85(1) (1) The department shall determine the need for chloride water quality-based effluent limitations for point source discharges whenever the discharges from the point sources contain chloride at concentrations or loadings which do not, as determined by any method in this section, meet the applicable water quality standards specified in chs. NR 102 to 105.

NR 106.85(2) (2) When considering the necessity for water quality-based effluent limitations, the department shall consider in-stream bio-survey data and data from ambient toxicity analyses whenever the data are available.

NR 106.85(3) (3) When considering the necessity for chloride water quality-based effluent limitations, the department shall compare the upper 99th percentile of available representative discharge concentrations to the calculated limitations, pursuant to s. NR 106.05 (4).

NR 106.85 History History: Cr. Register, January, 2000, No. 529, eff. 2-1-00.

NR 106.86 NR 106.86 Monitoring. Notwithstanding any other section in this subchapter, the department shall determine on a case-by-case basis the chloride monitoring frequency to be required in the permit.

NR 106.86 History History: Cr. Register, January, 2000, No. 529, eff. 2-1-00.

NR 106.87 NR 106.87 Establishment of effluent limitations.

NR 106.87(1) (1) Calculated limitations. If water quality-based effluent limitations for chloride are determined to be necessary, those limitations shall be derived under ss. NR 106.06 and 106.07, and for the purposes of this subchapter, shall be labeled “calculated limitations”.

NR 106.87(2) (2) Interim limitation. The interim limitation may be expressed as both a daily maximum and a weekly average, calculated in accordance with s. NR 106.82 (4) and (9).

NR 106.87(3) (3) Target value. The target value may be expressed as both a daily maximum and a weekly average. The department and the permittee shall consider both the implementation and the anticipated effectiveness of appropriate voluntary source reduction activities in order to determine a target value which is reasonably achievable within the term of the permit.

NR 106.87(4) (4) Target limitation. The target limitation may be expressed as both a daily maximum and a weekly average. The department and the permittee shall consider both the implementation and the anticipated effectiveness of appropriate voluntary source reduction activities in order to determine a target limitation which is reasonably achievable within the term of the permit.

NR 106.87 History History: Cr. Register, January, 2000, No. 529, eff. 2-1-00; CR 15-085: am. (1) Register August 2016 No. 728, eff. 9-1-16.

NR 106.88 NR 106.88 Application of and compliance with chloride effluent limitations in a permit.

NR 106.88(1) (1) Chloride limitations in permits. If chloride water quality-based effluent limitations are deemed to be necessary under s. NR 106.85, the department shall use all of the following procedures to include the calculated limitations in the permit with an appropriate compliance schedule as necessary and appropriate:

NR 106.88(1)(a) (a) Effluent limitations based on an acute criterion shall be expressed in permits as daily maximum limitations, and effluent limitations based on a chronic criterion shall be expressed in permits as weekly average limitations.

NR 106.88(1)(b) (b) Effluent Limitations shall be expressed in a permit consistent with the protocols in s. NR 106.07 (3) to (5).

NR 106.88(1)(c) (c) Mass limitations calculated under s. NR 106.07 (2) and (9) shall be included in the permit in addition to concentration based effluent limitations whenever water quality-based effluent limitations are determined to be necessary.

NR 106.88(1)(d) (d) A compliance schedule for a water quality-based effluent for chloride may be granted in a permit if necessary and appropriate and shall be consistent with the requirements under s. NR 106.117.

NR 106.88(2) (2) Variance conditions. The department may include all of the following conditions in the permit instead of the conditions specified in sub. (1) whenever a chloride variance is granted under s. NR 106.83:

NR 106.88(2)(a) (a) Chloride monitoring.

NR 106.88(2)(b) (b) An interim limitation for chloride that is effective on the date of permit issuance.

NR 106.88(2)(c) (c) Tier 1 source reduction.

NR 106.88(2)(d) (d) A target value or a target limitation with an appropriate compliance schedule, which is effective on the last day of the permit.

NR 106.88(2)(e) (e) If appropriate, either tier 2 or tier 3 source reduction if the department believes that any of the additional conditions in the tier 2 or tier 3 source reduction activities are reasonable and practical within the term of the permit.

NR 106.88(3) (3) Units for target values. Interim limitations, target values, and target limitations established under sub. (2) shall be expressed in the permit as a concentration limitation, in units of mg/L or equivalent units.