Chapter NR 10

NR 10.40(5)(g) (g) Authorizations to assistant. The designated assistants of a disabled turkey hunt participant shall possess a valid hunting license for hunting of any species and may use the participant’s firearm in compliance with s. NR 10.09 (1) while retrieving a turkey shot by a participant hunter.

NR 10.40(5)(h) (h) Other hunting prohibited. No person other than the disabled turkey hunt participant may hunt on the lands described on the application during the disabled turkey hunt.

NR 10.40(5)(i) (i) Reports. If requested by the department, applicants shall complete a turkey hunt report on forms supplied by the department.

NR 10.40(5)(k) (k) No fees. The landowner or applicants shall not charge any form of a fee to a person participating in a disabled turkey hunt.

NR 10.40 History History: Cr. Register, July, 1990, No. 415, eff. 8-1-90; cr. (4), Register, June, 1991, No. 426, eff. 7-1-91; am. (3) (e), Register, May, 1993, No. 449, eff. 6-1-93; am. (3) (d), Register, August, 1996, No. 488, eff. 9-1-96; am. (4) (a), (d) and (e), Register, October, 1997, No. 502, eff. 1-1-98; cr. (5), Register, August, 1999, No. 524, eff. 9-1-99; am. (3) (f), Register, September, 2000, No. 536, eff. 10-1-00; correction in (3) (f) was made under s. 13.93 (2m) (b) 7., Stats., Register January 2002, No. 553, eff. 2-1-02; CR 05-017: am. (3) (b) and (f), r. (3) (h) Register October 2005 No. 598, eff. 2-1-06; 05-031: am. (4) (b) 1. Register October 2005 No. 598, eff. 11-1-05; CR 05-086: am. (3) (f) Register June 2006 No. 606, eff. 7-1-06; correction in (3) (f) made under s. 13.92 (4) (b) 7., Stats., Register November 2008 No. 635; CR 09-015: am. (4) (a), (b) 2., (5) (a) 2. c. and (b) Register October 2009 No. 646, eff. 11-1-09; CR 09-024: am. (5) (e) Register May 2010 No. 653, eff. 6-1-10; CR 10-051: am. (3) (f), (g), (4) (g) Register December 2010 No. 660, eff. 1-1-11; CR 13-108: r. (4) Register August 2014 No. 704, eff. 9-1-14; CR 13-071: am. (3) (f) Register July 2015 No. 715, eff. 8-1-15; CR 16-035: am. (3) (a) 1., (e) Register July 2017 No. 739, eff. 8-1-17; correction in (3) (a) 1. made under s. 35.17, Stats., Register July 2017 No. 739; CR 18-005: am. (3) (f) Register September 2018 No. 753, eff. 10-1-18; EmR1902: emerg. r. and recr. (3) (f) eff. 1-18-19; CR 19-005: r. and recr. (3) (f) Register September 2019 No. 765, eff. 10-1-19; CR 19-146: am. (3) (c), (5) (c) Register June 2020 No. 774, eff. 7-1-20.

NR 10.41 NR 10.41 Wildlife disease management.

NR 10.41(1) (1) Purpose. Pursuant to s. 29.063 (1), Stats., the natural resources board establishes this section to provide guidelines for the department to manage chronic disease in wild cervids in this state.

NR 10.41(2) (2) State parks and other closed areas. State parks, refuges and closed areas identified in chs. NR 11 and 45 may be opened to deer hunting to assist in the control of CWD.

NR 10.41(3) (3) CWD-affected area.

NR 10.41(3)(a) (a) Establishment. The department may establish a CWD-affected area around the location of known positive cases of CWD.

NR 10.41(3)(b) (b) Population objectives. Entire counties, or portions of counties, located within the boundaries of a CWD affected area shall be managed toward a population objective established after seeking comment from county deer management advisory councils under s. NR 10.104 (5).

NR 10.41(3)(c) (c) CWD affected area. The CWD-affected area consists of the counties identified on the department’s website after following the procedures established in par. (f).

NR 10.41(3)(d) (d) Population monitoring. The department shall monitor deer populations in a CWD-affected area with information obtained by surveys that may include registration data and aerial surveys.

NR 10.41(3)(e) (e) Harvest authorizations. Pursuant to s. NR 12.06, the department may issue free deer hunting permits or harvest authorizations to hunters or landowners, lessees, occupants or their duly authorized agents of a single parcel of land at least 5 acres in size, all within the CWD-affected area, which authorizes the individual to hunt deer in the CWD-affected area or a portion of the area.

NR 10.41(3)(f) (f) Expansion of the affected area.

NR 10.41(3)(f)1. 1. The department may include additional counties or portions of counties in the CWD affected area where and when additional CWD-positive deer are found. The department may add adjacent counties or portions of counties if they are within a 10-mile radius of the known location of a captive or free-roaming domestic or wild animal that has been tested and confirmed to be positive for CWD.

NR 10.41(3)(f)2. 2. Affected area expansion under this subsection shall become effective upon issuance of an order by the secretary of the department and publication in the official state newspaper. In addition, a notice of the order shall be provided to newspapers, legislators, and hunting license outlets in the area affected.

NR 10.41 History History: CR 03-016: cr. Register August 2003 No. 572, eff. 9-1-03; CR 04-020: r. and recr. Register August 2004 No. 584, eff. 9-1-04; correction in (3) (e) made under s. 13.93 (2m) (b) 7., Stats., Register September 2004 No. 585; CR 08-013: am. (1) (b) and (3), cr. (3) (b) and (f), r. (4) Register August 2008 No. 632, eff. 9-1-08; CR 09-024: am. (3) (b) 1. Register May 2010 No. 653, eff. 6-1-10; CR 13-071: r. and recr. Register July 2015 No. 715, eff. 8-1-15; EmR1902: emerg. am. (3) (e) eff. 1-18-19; CR 19-005: am. Register September 2019 No. 765, eff. 10-1-19; correction in (2) made under s. 13.92 (4) (b) 7., Stats., Register April 2022 No. 796.

NR 10.42 NR 10.42 Official state duties. Nothing in this chapter shall prohibit or hinder the department and its employees, duly authorized agents, or contractors from performing their official duties relating to control of disease in deer and elk.

NR 10.42 History History: Emerg. cr. eff. 7-3-02; CR 03-016: cr. Register August 2003 No. 572, eff. 9-1-03.

subch. II of ch. NR 10 Subchapter II — Deer Management Assistance Program

NR 10.70 NR 10.70 Purpose. This subchapter is adopted to implement the deer management assistance program under s. 29.020, Stats. The program is established to help landowners to achieve deer and other management objectives at a localized level and collect biological data that supplements statewide data, and to build relationships between landowners, hunters, and the department.

NR 10.70 History History: CR 13-071: cr. Register July 2015 No. 715, eff. 8-1-15.

NR 10.71 NR 10.71 Definitions. In this subchapter:

NR 10.71(1) (1) “Cooperative” means an association of individual property owners or their representatives who are not organized as a business entity but are organized for the purposes of managing deer and other wildlife resources, whose properties are located within one-half mile of another property in the cooperative, and whose members have agreed to participate in the deer management assistance program under this subchapter.

NR 10.71(2) (2) “Authorized representative” means the person a landowner has designated to act and make decisions on the landowner’s behalf for purposes of the program, including but not limited to, granting access to the landowner’s property for department staff to conduct on-site consultation visits.

NR 10.71(3) (3) “Program primary contact” means a person who is primarily responsible for submitting program enrollment applications and fees, scheduling meetings with department staff, and sharing information with landowners or their authorized representatives in a group cooperative or when there is more than one owner of an individual property.

NR 10.71(4) (4) “Medium to large property” means a property of 640 acres or larger.

NR 10.71(5) (5) “Small to medium property” means a property of at least 160 acres but smaller than 640 acres.

NR 10.71 History History: CR 13-071: cr. Register July 2015 No. 715, eff. 8-1-15.

NR 10.72 NR 10.72 Deer management assistance program levels.

NR 10.72(1) (1) Level 1. The first level for participation in the deer management assistance program is designed to increase communication with landowners and hunters. The department shall provide all of the following to Level 1 participants:

NR 10.72(1)(a) (a) Deer management assistance program educational resources.

NR 10.72(1)(b) (b) Opportunities for assistance from department employees including wildlife biologists and foresters.

NR 10.72(1)(c) (c) Annual program reports.

NR 10.72(1)(d) (d) An opportunity to attend annual workshops organized by the department or its partners.

NR 10.72(1)(e) (e) Assistance with projects that have scientific value.

NR 10.72(1)(f) (f) Information on forming program cooperatives.

NR 10.72(1)(g) (g) Assistance with information for participation in other conservation programs.

NR 10.72(2) (2) Level 2. The second level for participation in the deer management assistance program is for small to medium properties with basic management goals. A property owner or cooperative of owners or their authorized representatives must apply to the department for Level 2 participation in the deer management assistance program. Participants shall provide deer harvest reports and the department may require collection of additional data and attendance at an annual meeting or workshop sponsored by the department or its partners. The department shall provide all of the following to Level 2 participants who provide the information required in this section:

NR 10.72(2)(a) (a) One on-site consultation visit by a wildlife biologist and a forester.

NR 10.72(2)(b) (b) A management plan with habitat and deer harvest recommendations developed individually for the enrolled property or cooperative.

NR 10.72(2)(c) (c) Antlerless permits established under s. NR 10.104 (9m) when appropriate based on harvest recommendations developed under par. (b).

NR 10.72(2)(d) (d) Annual reports summarizing data collected by the property owner or cooperative.

NR 10.72(3) (3) Level 3. The third level for participation in the deer management assistance program is for medium to large properties with complex management goals. A property owner or cooperative of owners or their authorized representatives must apply to the department for Level 3 participation in the deer management assistance program. Participants shall provide deer harvest reports and the department may require collection of additional data and attendance at an annual meeting or workshop sponsored by the department or its partners. The department shall provide the services established in sub. (2), together with all of the following, to Level 3 participants who provide the information required under sub. (2):

NR 10.72(3)(a) (a) Assistance with deer population monitoring.

NR 10.72(3)(b) (b) Technical assistance and design recommendations for habitat and property management activities.

NR 10.72(3)(c) (c) Additional site visits that may be needed to provide detailed management recommendations.

NR 10.72(4) (4) Public land.

NR 10.72(4)(a) (a) The department may cooperate with the managers of national, state, county, or municipally owned land which is open to the public for deer hunting.

NR 10.72(4)(b) (b) The program coordinator, biologist, and forester shall work together with public access land managers and hunters to enroll properties and recommend harvest quotas.

NR 10.72(4)(c) (c) Local public input sessions conducted by the enrollee shall be used to identify site-specific management concerns and to review antlerless harvest quotas. Property specific antlerless tags established under s. NR 10.104 shall be issued to harvest antlerless deer on enrolled public properties.

NR 10.72(4)(d) (d) The program coordinator, biologist, forester, and local property manager shall work together to promote wildlife habitat improvement projects on properties where quality habitat is limited.

NR 10.72 History History: CR 13-071: cr. Register July 2015 No. 715, eff. 8-1-15; correction in numbering of (2) (d) made under s. 13.92 (4) (b) 1., Stats., Register July 2015 No. 715, eff. 8-1-15; correction in (2) (c) made under s. 13.92 (4) (b) 7., Stats., Register November 2015 No. 719; EmR1902: emerg. am. (2) (c) eff. 1-18-19; CR 19-005: am. (2) (c) Register September 2019 No. 765, eff. 10-1-19.

NR 10.73 NR 10.73 Fees. Enrollment in the deer management assistance program is for a period of not less than three years beginning on the date that a valid application is accepted and ending on a date specified by the department. The department may wave the fee for participation by governmental organizations or owners of other lands that the department determines are open to the public for hunting. The fees for participation in the deer management assistance program are as follows:

  Level 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $75.00

  Level 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $150.00

NR 10.73 History History: CR 13-071: cr. Register July 2015 No. 715, eff. 8-1-15.

NR 10.74 NR 10.74 Ineligibility and penalties. Any participant who charges a fee for bonus permits issued under this subchapter in violation of s. NR 10.104 (9m) (a), or who fails to keep records or make reports to the department as required under this chapter, shall be denied any benefits of enrollment in the program for the calendar year in which the failure was identified and be ineligible to participate for up to two years subsequent to that.

NR 10.74 History History: CR 13-071: cr. Register July 2015 No. 715, eff. 8-1-15.

NR 10.01 History 1956 to 2009.

NR 10.74 Note Note: The note below shows all changes to s. NR 10.01, originally numbered s. WCD 10.01 from January 2, 1956 through December 31, 2009.

NR 10.74 History History: 1-2-56; am. (1), (2), (3), (4), Register, August 1956, No. 8, eff. 9-1-56; am. (4) (c), (d), (f), Register, January, 1957, No. 13, eff. 2-25-57; am. (1), (2), (3), (4), Register, August, 1957, No. 20, eff. 9-1-57; am. (4) (c), (d), (f), Register, January, 1968, No. 25, eff. 2-1-58; r. and recr., Register, August, 1958, No. 32, eff. 9-1-58; am. emerg. eff. 10-1-58; 11-17-58; r. and recr. (4) (c), (d), (f), Register, January, 1959, No. 37, eff. 2-1-59; emerg. am. eff. 3-23-59; 4-10-59; r. and recr. (1) (a), (2) (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), am. (3) (a), r. and recr. (3) (b), (c), (d), (e), (g), am. (4) (c), r. and recr. (4) (e), (f), Register, August, 1959, No. 44, eff. 9-1-59; r. and recr. (1), Register, September, 1959, No. 45, eff. 10-1-59; r. and recr. (2), (3) (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (g), Register, August, 1960, No. 56, eff. 9-1-60; r. and recr. (1), Register, September, 1960, No. 57, eff. 10-1-60; Emerg. r. and recr. (1) (a) eff. 10-16-60; emerg. am. (4) (c) eff. 4-10-61; r. and recr. (2), (3), (4), Register, August, 1961, No. 68, eff. 9-1-61; r. and recr. (1), Register, September, 1961, No. 69, eff. 10-1-61; emerg. r. and recr. (1) (a), (b) 6. eff. 10-16-61; emerg. r. and recr. (1) (a), (b) 6. eff. 10-26-61; emerg. am. (4) (c), (d), cr. (4) (e), eff. 2-8-62; emerg. cr. (4) (b), eff. 3-10-62; am. (intro.), (2) (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (3) (a), (c); r. and recr. (3) (e), (g), am. (4) (a), Register, August, 1962, No. 80, eff. 9-1-62; r. and recr. (1), Register, September, 1962, No. 81, eff. 10-1-62; emerg. r. and recr. (1) (a), (b) eff. 10-9-62; r. and recr. (4) (c), (d), cr. (4) (e), (f), Register, January, 1963, No. 85, eff. 2-1-63; r. and recr. (1) (a), (b), emerg. eff. 10-9-62; r. and recr. (2) (a); am. (2) (b), (c), (d), (3) (a), (b), (c); r. and recr. (3) (e), (g), (4) (a), Register, August, 1963, No. 92, eff. 9-1-63; r. and recr. (1), am. (3) (e), Register. September, 1963, No. 93, eff. 10-1-63; emerg. am. (1) (a), eff. 10-19-63; emerg. am. (1) (a), (b), (c), (d), eff. 11-1-63; emerg. r. (1) (a), am. (1) (b), eff. 11-10-63; am. (intro.), r. and recr. (4) (c), (d), Register, January 1964, No. 97, eff. 2-1-64, am. (intro.), am. (2) (a), (b), (c), (d), (3) (a), r. and recr. (3) (b), am. (3) (c), r. and recr. (3) (e), (g), (4) (a), Register, August, 1964, No. 104, eff. 9-1-64; r. and recr. (1); am (4) (a), Register, September, 1964, No. 105, eff. 10-1-64; emerg. am. (1) (a), (3) (e) eff. 10-17-64; emerg. r. (1) (a), am. (1) (b), eff. 10-22-64; r. and recr. (4) (c), am. (d), Register, January, 1965, No. 109, eff. 2-1-65; am. (2) (a), (b), (c); r. and recr. (2) (d), (3) (b) 2., (c), (3) (e), (g), am. (4) (a), Register, August, 1965, No. 116. eff. 9-1-65; emerg. r. and recr. (1) (a), (b), (c), (d), eff. 9-5-65; emerg. am. (1) (a), eff. 10-2-65; emerg. r. (1) (a), am. (1) (b), (3) (e), eff. 10-8-65; r. and recr. (4) (c), (d), Register, January, 1966, No. 121, eff. 2-1-66; cr. (2) (f), Register, March, 1966, No. 123, eff. 4-1-66; emerg. am. (4) (c) (1), eff. 4-20-66; am. (2) (a), (b); r. and recr. (2) (c), (d), (3), am. (4) (a) Register, August, 1966, No. 128, eff. 9-1-66; r. recr. (1), Register, September, 1966, No. 129. eff. 10-1-66; emerg. r. and recr. (1) (a) 5., (b) 1. eff. 10-15-66; r. and recr. (4) (c), (d) Register, December, 1966, No. 132, eff. 1-1-67; emerg. r. and recr. (1) (a) 5., (b) 1. eff. 10-15-66; am. (2) (f), Register, March, 1967, No. 135, eff. 4-1-67; am. (2) (a) (open season column), r. and recr. (2) (c), (d), (3), am. (4) (a), Register, August, 1967, No. 140, eff. 9-1-67; emerg. r. and recr. (1), am. (3) (e) 1. zone II, eff. 9-1-67; emerg. am. (1) (f) 1. eff. 11-18-67; emerg. am. (1) (j) 4. eff. 11-18-67; r. and recr. (4) (c), (d), Register, December, 1967, No. 144, eff. 1-1-68; am. (2) (f), Register, March, 1968, No. 147, eff. 4-1-68; am. (2) (a) r. and recr. (2) (b), am. (2) (c), (d), (3) (a), (b), (c); r. and recr. (3) (e), (g); am. (4) (a) Register, August, 1968, No. 152, eff. 9-1-68; emerg. r. and recr. (1) eff. 9-30-68; r. and recr. (4) (c), (d) Register, December, 1968, No. 156, eff. 1-1-69; emerg. r. and recr. (1), eff. 9-30-68; am. (2) (a), (b), r. (2) (f), r. and recr. (3) (e), (g), (4) (a), cr. (4) (b), r. (4) (f), Register, August, 1969, No. 164, eff. 9-1-69; emerg. r. and recr. (1), eff. 8-30-69; r. and recr. (1), Register, November, 1969, No. 167, eff. 12-1-69; renum. WCD 10.01 to be NR 10.01, am.(1) (e), r. and recr. (2) (a), (c), (d) 1., am. (3) (b), (c); cr. (3) (d), r. and recr. (3) (e), Register, June, 1970, No. 174, eff. 7-1-70; emerg. r. and recr. (4) (c), (d) eff. 1-1-70; r. and recr. (4) (c), (d), Register, June, 1970, No. 174, eff. 7-1-70; am. (1) (a), (b), (c), (d), (f), (j), Register, September, 1970, No. 177, eff. 10-1-70; emerg. am. (1) (h) eff. 11-28-70: emerg. r. and recr. (4) (c), am. (4) (d) eff. 1-1-71; emerg. r. and recr. (4) (c) eff. 4-1-71; am. (1) (e), r. and recr. (1) (h), (2) (a); am. (2) (e), (3) (b), (c), r. and recr. (4) (c), am. (4) (d), Register, July, 1971, No. 187, eff. 8-1-71; am. (3) (e), Register, August, 1971, No. 188, eff. 9-1-71; emerg. am. (1) (e), eff. 9-1-71; (1) (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f); r. and recr. (1) (h), (j), am. (3) (e) 1. Zone E and Zone F, am. (4) (a) 4., Register, September, 1971, No. 189. eff. 10-1-71; emerg. am. (1) (j) 2. eff. 10-14-71; r. and recr. (4) (c), (d) Register, November 1971. No. 191, eff. 12-1-71; emerg. am. (3) (e) 2. eff. 8-9-72; r. and recr. (1) (e), am. (3) (b) 1., r. and recr. (3) (c) 2., cr. (3) (c) 3., am. (3) (d), cr. (3) (f), am. (4) (a) 4., Register, August, 1972. No. 200, eff. 9-1-72; r. and recr. (1), (3) (e) 1., 2., am. (f), Register, September, 1972, No. 201, eff. 10-1-72; am. (1) (f), (3) (f), (4) (c), (d), Register, November, 1972, No. 203, eff. 12-1-72; emerg. r. and recr. (1) (i), eff. 11-7-72; r. and recr. (2) (a), (e), am. (3) (b) 1., (e) 1., (f) 1., Register, August, 1973, No. 212, eff. 9-1-73; am. (1), Register, September, 1973, No. 213, eff. 10-1-73; emerg. cr. (1) (o), eff. 9-19-73; am. (4) (c), (d), Register, November, 1973, No. 215, eff. 12-1-73; am. (3) (c) 3.; renum. (3) (e), am. (3) (g) 2., Register August, 1974, No. 224, eff. 9-1-74; am. (a) (e) 8., am. (4) (c), (d), Register, October, 1974, No. 226, eff. 11-1-74; emerg, am. (3) (g) 1., eff. 8-2-74; am. (3) (g) 1., Register, December, 1974, No. 228, eff. 1-1-75; emerg. am. (4) (d), cr. (4) (f), eff. 3-26-75; am. (3) (f), Register, March, 1975, No. 231, eff. 4-1-75; am. (2) (a), (e) 1., (3) (b) 1., (3) (f) 1., (4) (a) 2., Register, August, 1975, No. 236, eff. 9-1-75, emerg. am. 1 (a) to (e), (g), (L), cr. (1) (o), eff. 9-24-75; am. (3) (e)7., (4) (c), (d) r. and recr. (3) (e) 8., Register, October, 1975, No. 238, eff. 11-1-75; emerg, am. (3) (e) 8., eff. 11-1-75, emerg, cr. (4), eff. 4-3-76; am. (1) (b), (c), (d), (e), (L) 1., 3, cr, (1) (o), (eff. 6-1-76), am. (3) (b), (e) (intro.), 2., (3) (f), (4) (a), Register, May, 1976, No. 245, eff. 8-15-76; am. (1) (a) to (e), (g), (L), (o), Register, June, 1976, No. 246, eff. 7-1-76; am, (3) (c) 2., 3., 6., 7., 8., r. and recr. (4) (c), (d), Register, November, 1976, No. 251, eff. 12-1-76; r. and recr. (1), (3) (e) 6., 8., Register, January, 1977, No. 253, eff. 2-1-77; am. (2) (a) 2., (3) (e) 1. a., (4) (a) 3., (b), r. (2) (c) 2. r. and recr. (2) (d) 2., Register, May, 1977, No. 257, eff. 6-1-77; am. (3) (e) 1. a., 2., 7., (4) (c), (d); r. (3) (e) 6. b., r. and recr. (3) (e) 8., cr. (3) (e) 9., Register, October, 1977 No. 262, eff. 11-1-77; r. and recr. (1) (b) to (e), (g), (k), renum. (1) (L) to (p) to be (1) (m) to (q), cr. (1) (L), Register, February, 1978, No. 266, eff. 3-1-78; am. (1) (m), (q), (2) (a) 1., (3) (d), (f), r. and recr. (2) (e) 1., Register; May, 1978, No. 269, 6-1-78; r. and recr. (4) (d), (e), Register, August, 1978, No. 272, eff. 9-1-78; r. and recr. (3) (e) 9., (4) (c), Register, October, 1978, No. 274, eff. 11-1-78; r. and recr. (1) (b), (g), (L), am. (4) (a) 3., Register, December, 1978, No. 276, eff. 1-1-79; r. and recr. (2) (b), (3) (a), Register, March, 1979, No. 279, eff. 4-1-79; r. and recr. (2) (e) 1., (3) (e) (intro.), (4) (d) 1., am. (3) (e) 1., Register, August, 1979, No. 284, eff. 9-1-79; am. (3) (c) 2., (e) 3., (4) (d) 4., r. and recr. (3) (e) 6., 7., 9. e., (4) (c), (d) 1., 3., Register, September, 1979, No. 285; eff, 10-1-79 emerg. cr. (4) (c) 1. c., eff. 3-24-80; r. (1) (b) to (g), (1) (L) 3. b. (intro.), c., r. and recr. (1) (j), (k), (L) (intro.) l., 2., 8., (2) (a) 1., (3) (b), am. (1) (L) 5., 6. b., renum. (1) (L) 3. b. 1) to 5) to be (1) (L) 3. b. to f., Register, April, 1980, No. 292, eff, 5-1-80, r. and recr. (3) (e) 9. a. to d., Register, August, 1980, No. 296, eff. 9-1-80; emerg. am. (1) (a), (L) 1., 2. b., 5., cr. (1) (b) to (g), eff. 9-12-80, r. and recr. (3) (d), (e) 9. e., (4) (c), cr. (3) (h), am. (4) (d) 2. b., 3. b., renum. (4) (d) 2. c. to be (4) (d) 2. d., cr. (4) (d) 2. c., Register, October, 1980, No. 298, eff. 11-1-80; am. (1) (a), (L) 1., 2. b., 5; cr. (1) (b) to (g), Register, June, 1981, No. 306, eff. 7-1-81; am. (3) (e) 1. a., b., r. and recr. (3) (e) 2. a., c., d., am. (3) (h) 2., Register, August, 1981, No. 308, eff. 9-1-81; r. and recr. (3) (e) 9. e., cr. (4) (c) 4., Register, October, 1981, No. 310, eff. 11-1-81; emerg am. (1) (b) 2., 5., 7., (c), (f) 2., (L) 2. b., 5., renum. (1) (q) to be (1) (t), cr. (1) (q) to (s), r. and recr. (1) (g), (e) 6., eff. 9-12-81; r. (1) (b), (c), (g), am. (1) (L) 5., r. and recr. (1) (L) 6., renum. (1) (q) to be (1) (t) cr. (1) (q) to (s), Register, March, 1982, No. 315, eff. 4-1-82; emerg. am. (1) (b) 2., 5., 7., (1) (c), (f) 2., (e) 2. b., 5., renum. (1) (q) to be (1) (t), cr. (1) (q) to (s), r. and recr. (1) (g) and (e) b., eff. 9-12-81; r. and recr. (3) (e) 2. a., c., d. Register, April, 1982, No. 316, eff. 5-1-82; emerg. r. and recr. (3) (e) 9. e., eff. 9-9-82; emerg cr. (1)(b), (c), (g), (u), am. (1) (f) 2., (1) (c) 2. (intro.), 5., r. (1) (L) 3. c. to f., eff.9-12-82; cr. (3) (bm), am. (3) (e) 1. a., b., (em), (4) (a) 2., r. (4) (a) 5., r. and recr. (3) (e) 9. e., Register, September, 1982, No. 321, eff. 10-1-82; am. (1) (L) 2. (intro.), (2) (e) 1. b., (4) (c) 1. a., 2. a., 3. a., r. (1) (L) 3. c, to f. cr. (2) (f), Register, November, 1982, No. 323, eff. 12-1-82; cr. (1) (b), c), (u), am. (1) (f) 2. and (L) 5., (2) (a), (b), (3) (c) 3., r. and recr. (2) (d), (e), (3) (g), Register, April, 1983, No. 328, eff. 5-1-83; emerg. r. and recr. (3) (g), eff. 9-9-83; emerg. r. and recr. (1) (a), (b), (c), (g), (k), (L) 2, b., (n), am. (1) (j), (L) 2. (intro.), 3. b., 6., (q), r. (1) (t), eff. 9-14-83; emerg. r. and recr. (3) (e) 1., eff. 9-30-83; am. (3) (e) 4. (intro.), r. (3) (e) 5., 8., r. and recr. (3) (h) 1., Register, September, 1983, No. 333, eff. 10-1-83; am. (3) (b), (bm), (d) 1., r. (4) (e) 1. to 3., r. and recr. (3) (e) 1., 9., (f) to (h), (4) (a), (c), (d) (intro.) 1., 2., renum. (4) (d) 3., 4. to be (4) (e)1., 2.; cr. (4) (d) 3. to 5., Register, October, 1983, No. 334 eff. 11-1-83; am. (2) (f), Register, March, 1984, No. 339, eff. 3-1-84; am. (2) (b)1., (d), (e), (3) (c) 2., 3., r. and recr. (2) (c), Register, March, 1984, No. 339, eff. 4-1-84; r. and recr. (1) (a), (b), (c), (g), (k), (L) 2. b., (n), am. (1) (j), (L) 2. (intro.), 3. b., 5., (q), r. (1) (t), Register, June, 1984, No. 342, eff. 7-1-84; emerg. r. and recr. (1) (b), (c), (g), (L) 2. b., 5., cr. (1) (t) and (tm), eff. 9-14-84; am. (3) (c) 2. (intro.), c., r. and recr. (3) (e) 9. e., Register, September, 1984, No. 345, eff. 10-1-84; emerg. am. (1) (g) 1. r., eff. 10-12-84; am. (3) (e) l. a., b., c., renum. (3) (e) l. d. to be (3) (e) 1. e., cr. (3) (e) 1. d., r. and recr. (3) (e) 2. b., 3., Register, October, 1984, No. 346, eff. 11-1-84; am. (2) (f), Register, March, 1985, No. 351, eff. 4-1-85; r. and recr. (1) (b), (c), (g), (L) 2. b., 5., cr. (1) (t), (tm), Register, April, 1985, No, 352, eff. 5-1-85; renum. (3) (e) 1. e., (4) (a) 3., 4. to be (3) (e) 1, g., (4) (a) 4., 6., cr. (3) (e) 1. e. f., (4) (a) 3., (dm), am. (4) (a) 2., r. and recr. (4) (e), Register, July, 1985, No. 355, eff. 8-1-85; am. (3) (g), Register, August, 1985, No. 356, eff. 9-1-85; r. and recr. (intro.), (1) (n), (2) (b), (3) (d) 2. c., (e) 7., am. (2) (f) 1., 2., (3) (e) 2. (intro.), d., 9. e., Register September, 1985, No. 357, eff. 10-1-85; emerg. r. and recr. (1) (g) 1.a, cr. (1) (g) 1. am., eff. 10-19-85; r. and recr. (4) (a) 4., am. (2) (f), Register, January, 1986, No. 361, eff. 2-1-86, except (4) (a) 4. eff. 3-1-86; r. and recr. (1) (b), (g), (L) 2. b., 5., (tm) 3., am. (1) (u) 1., Register, April, 1986, No. 364, eff. 5-1-86; r. and recr. (3) (g), Register, June, 1986, No. 366, eff. 7-1-86; am. (1) (L) 2., 3. b., (3) (e) ((intro.)), (4) (e) 4., r. and recr. (3) (e) 2., 6., (3) (em), (4) (e) 1. b., r. (4) (d) 3. to 5., Register, August, 1986, No. 368, eff. 9-1-86; emerg. r. and recr. (1) (a), (b), (g), (L) 2. b., 5., (tm) 3., (u) 1., cr. (1) (e) 3. c., eff. 9-12-86; r. and recr. (3) (e) (intro.), 1. to 6., am. (3) (e) 9. e., (4) (e) 2. (intro.), Register, October, 1986, No. 370, eff. 11-1-86; r. and recr. (1) (a), (b), (g), (L) 2. b., 5., (tm) 3., (u) 1., cr. (1) (L) 3. c., Register, January, 1987, No. 373, eff. 2-1-87; am. (2) (f) 1., r. and recr. (2) (f) 2., Register, February, 1987, No. 374, eff. 3-1-87; cr. (4) (e) 8., Register, March, 1987, No. 375, eff. 4-1-87; r. (1) (q), (r), r. and recr. (3) (g), (4) (c), Register, July, No. 379, eff. 8-1-87; emerg. r. (1) (a), r., recr. (1) (b), (c) 2., (g), (L) 2. b., 5., (tm) 2., 3., 4., (u) 1., eff. 9-25-87; am. (2) (f) 1., 2., (3) (e) 9. e., r. and recr. (3) (h) 1., (4) (e) 2., cr. (3) (h) 3., Register, October, 1987, No. 382, eff. 11-1-87; r. (1) (a), r. and recr. (1) (b), (c) 2., (g), (L) 2. b., 5., (tm) 2. to 5., (u) 1., Register, December, 1987, No. 384, eff. 1-1-88; r. and recr. (2) (f) 2., Register, January, 1988, No. 385, eff. 2-1-88; r. and recr. (4) (b), am. (4) (c), Register, June, 1988, No. 390, eff. 7-1-88; renum. (1) (h) to be NR 10.125 (6), r. (1) (i) to (tm), (3) (e) 7., 9., am. (1) (u) 1., r. and recr. (2) (b) 2., Register, July, 1988, No. 391, eff. 8-1-88; emerg. cr. (1) (a), r. and recr. (1) (b), (c), (g) eff. 9-21-88; am. (intro.), (2) (c) 1., Register, October, 1988, No. 394, eff. 11-1-88. cr. (2) (f) 3., Register, October, 1988, No. 394, eff. 1-1-89; cr. (1) (a), r. and recr. (1) (b), (c), (g), Register, January, 1989, No. 397, eff. 2-1-89; r. and recr. (2) (f) 1., 2., Register, March, 1989, No. 399, eff. 4-1-89; am. (3) (e) (intro.), r. (4) (e) 1. d., Register, July, 1989, No. 403, eff. 8-1-89; am. (2) (b) 1., (3) (e) 1. (intro.), a., 2. (intro.), a., b., e., r. and recr. (2) (d), (4) (dm), (e) 2. d., renum. (3) (e) 1. d. to be 1. e., cr. (3) (e) 1. d., 2. f., 6., 7., Register, October, 1989, No. 406, eff. 11-1-89; emerg. am. (1) (g) 1. a., f., eff. 11-26-89; r. and recr. (2) (f) 1., 2., Register, January, 1990, No. 409, eff. 2-1-90; r. and recr. (1) (b), (c), (g), Register, March, 1990, No. 411, eff. 4-1-90; am. (4) (b), (c), Register, May, 1990, No. 413, eff. 6-1-90; r. and recr. (2) (f) 2., 3., cr. (1) (g) 1. m., Register, July, 1990, No. 415, eff. 8-1-90; am. (3) (f), Register, September, 1990, No. 417, eff. 10-1-90; r. and recr. (2) (a), (c) 2., am. (3) (e) 2. (intro.), a., e., r. (3) (e) 6., renum. (3) (e) 7. to be 6., Register, October, 1990, No. 418, eff. 11-1-90; emerg. r. and recr. (3) (e), (3) (h) 1. a., eff. 11-15-90; r. and recr. (2) (f) 2., Register, January, 1991, No. 421, eff. 2-1-91; r. and recr. (1) (b), (g), Register, March, 1991, No. 423, eff. 4-1-91; r. and recr. (4) (c), Register, May, 1991, No. 425, eff. 6-1-91; r. and recr. (2) (f), Register, June, 1991, No. 426, eff. 7-1-91; r. and recr. (3) (em), (g), Register, August, 1991, No. 428, eff. 9-1-91; emerg. r. and recr. (1) (b), (g), (u) 1., eff. 9-16-91; r. and recr. (3) (h) 2., Register, September, 1991, No. 429, eff. 10-1-91; r. and recr. (2) (b), (3) (e) 2., am. (2) (c) 2., (f) 2., cr. (3) (es), Register, October, 1991, No. 430, eff. 11-1-91; except (2) (c) 2., (f) 2., eff. 3-1-92; r. and recr. (1) (b), (g), (u) 1., Register, April, 1992, No. 436, eff. 5-1-92; am. (2) (c) 2. g., h., r. and recr. (2) (f), Register, June, 1992, No. 438, eff. 7-1-92; r. (1) (g) 1. i., j., renum. (1) (g) 1. k. to be i, r. and recr. (3) (e), (em), (es), Register, August, 1992, No. 440, eff. 9-1-92; emerg. r. and recr. (1) (b), (g), (u) 1., eff. 9-1-92; r. and recr. (1) (b), (g), (u) 1., (2) (c) 1., (3) (h) 1. a., r. (4) (e), Register, February, 1993, No. 446, eff. 3-1-93; r. and recr. (4) (dm), Register, May, 1993, No. 449, eff. 6-1-93; am. (2) (c) 2. i. to l, r. and recr. (2) (f) 2., Register, December, 1993, No. 456, eff. 1-1-94; emerg. r. and recr. (1) (b), (g), (u) 1., eff. 9-1-93; emerg. am. (1) (g) 1. a., f., 2., 3., eff. 10-29-93; r. and recr. (1) (b), (g), (u) 1., Register, January, 1994, No. 457, eff. 2-1-94; r. (1) (d), (2) (c) 1. b., (3) (h) 3., am. (2) (b) 3., (c) 1. a., 2., (3) (e) 4., (em), (h) 1. a., (4) (c) 1., cr. (2) (c) 8., r. and recr. (4) (d), Register, August, 1994, No. 464, eff. 9-1-94, except (2) (c) 1. a., b., 2., (3) (em), (4) (c) 1., (d), eff. 1-1-95; emerg. r. (1) (a), r. and recr. (1) (b), (g), (u) 1., eff. 9-1-94; r. (1) (a), r. and recr. (1) (b), (g), (u) 1., Register, January, 1995, No. 469, eff. 2-1-95; am. (2) (a) 3., (c) 2., (3) (e) 1. a., d., 2. a., Register, July, 1995, No. 475, eff. 8-1-95; am. (3) (es), Register, August, 1995, No. 476, eff. 9-1-95; emerg. r. and recr. (1) (b), (g), (u), eff. 9-1-95; r. and recr. (2) (b) 1., 2., cr. (2) (g), Register, November, 1995, No. 479, eff. 4-1-96; r. and recr. (1) (b), (g), (u) 1., Register, February, 1996, No. 482, eff. 3-1-96; emerg. am. (3) (e) (intro.), 1. (intro.), a., 3. a., (em) 1., (es), cr. (3) (e) 7., (em) 3., eff. 8-12-96; r. and recr. (1) (g) 1. L., cr. (1) (g) 1. m., r. (2) (c) 2. k., am. (3) (e) 3. a., (h) 1. a., (4) (c) 3., (d) 1., (dm), Register, August, 1996, No. 488, eff. 9-1-96; except (4) (c) 3., (d) 1., eff. 5-1-97; r. and recr. (1) (b), (g) 1. a. to k., 2., 3., (u) 1., 2., Register, February, 1997, No. 494, eff. 3-1-97; r. and recr. (2) (b), Register, June, 1997, No. 498, eff. 7-1-97; emerg. cr. (3) (e) 3. cm, Register, October, 1997, No. 502, eff. 11-1-97;am. (3) (e) 3. c., Register, October, 1997, No. 502, eff. 3-1-98; am. (4) (a), cr. (4) (e), Register, October, 1997, No. 502, eff. 5-1-98; r. and recr. (1) (b), (f) 2, (g) 1. a. to k., (g) 2., 3., (u) 1., 2., cr. (1) (v), Register, December, 1997, No. 504, eff. 1-1-98; am. (3) (e) 3. a., d., (es), Register, July, 1998, No. 511, eff. 8-1-98; emerg. am. (3) (e) (intro.), 1. (intro.), (em) 1., emerg. cr. (3) (e) 7., (em) 3., eff. 10-1-98; am. (4) (d), Register, September, 1998, No. 513, eff. 10-1-98; emerg. r. and recr. (1) (b), (g) 1. a. to k., 2., 3., (u) 1., 2., (v), eff. 9-15-98; cr. (3) (em) 3., r. and recr. (4) (a) 4., (4) (e) 4., Register, September, 1998, No. 513, eff. 3-1-99; r. and recr. (1) (b), (g), (u), (v), Register, June, 1999, No. 522, eff. 7-1-99; reprinted to restore dropped copy, Register, August, 1999, No. 524; emerg. am. (1) (v), r. and recr. (1) (b), (g) 1. a. to k., 2., 3., (u) 1., 2., eff. 9-10-99; am. (2) (f) 2., (3) (e) 2. a., b., c., e., 6. a., (g) 1., 2., (4) (d), (dm), Register, September, 1999, No. 525, eff. 10-1-99; except (2) (f) 2., eff. 3-1-00, (3) (g) 1., 2. eff. 11-1-99; r. and recr. (1) (b), (g) 1. a. to k., (g) 2., 3., (u) 1., 2., (v) Register, December, 1999, No, 528, eff. 1-1-00; cr. (3) (e) 3. e., Register, May, 2000, No. 533, eff. 6-1-00; emerg. r. and recr. (1) (b), (c), (g) 1. a. to k., 2., 3., (u) 1., 2, cr. (1) (g) 1. n., 2. n., 3. n., am. (1) (v) eff 9-1-00; r. and recr. (1) (b), (c), (g) 1. a. to k., (g) 2., 3., (u) 1., 2., cr. (1) (g) 1. n., 2. n., 3. n., am. (1) (v), Register, December, 2000, No. 540, eff. 1-1-01; CR 01-006: am. (1) (g) 1. m., Register August 2001 No. 548, eff. 9-1-01; r. (1) (g) 1. d., (g) 2. d., 3. d., cr. (1) (h), r. and recr. (3) (h) 1. a., eff. 5-1-01; am. (3) (es), eff. 11-18-00; Register, September, 2000, No. 537; emerg. r. and recr (1) (b), (g) 1. a. to k., 2.a. to b., 3. a. to e., cr. 1., 2., cr. (1) (d), am. (1) (v), eff. 9-1-01; CR 01-008: am. (1) (g) 1. h., (2) (f) 3., (3) (e) 1. d., 2., 3. c., (es), Register October 2001 No. 550, all eff. 4-1-02 except for (2) (f) 3. which is eff. 11-1-01; CR 01-066: r. and recr. (1) (b), (g) 1. a. to k., n., 2. a. to k., 3. a. to k., (u) 1., 2., cr. (1) (d), Register November 2001 No. 551, eff. 12-1-01; CR 00-154: r. and recr. (3) (e) 6., am. (3) (em), (es), (h) 1. a., cr. (3) (ev), (ez), Register January 2002 No. 553, eff. 2-1-02; emerg. am. (3) (e) 1. (intro.), 3. a., c., d., 6. a., (em) 1., 3., (es) 1., (ev), r. (3) (e) 3. cm., cr. (3) (et), (ez) 3., eff. 7-3-02; CR 00-154: am. (3) (em) 1. (ez) 1. c., d., e., cr. (3) (ez) 1. am., Register July 2002 No. 559, eff. 8-1-02; CR 02-017: am. (2) (c) 2., (f) 2.; CR 02-018: am. (3) (ev), cr. (3) (ez) 3. Register September 2002 No. 561, eff. 10-1-02 except (2) (c) 2. eff. 1-5-03; CR 02-075: r. and recr. (1) (b), (d), (g) 1. a. to k., 2. a. to k., 3. a. to k., (u) 1., 2., cr. (1) (dm), r. (1) (g) 1. n., am. (1) (v) Register December 2002 No. 564, eff. 1-1-03; CR 02-089: cr. (2) (a) 4., (c) 1. b., (f) 4., (3) (bt), (c) 2. b., (f) 3., (h) 1. b., am. (2) (c) 1. a., r. and recr. (2) (e), (g), (3) (a), (c) 1., renum. (3) (c) 2. b., (h) 1. b. to be (3) (c) 2. d., (h) 1. c. Register February 2003 No. 566, eff. 3-1-03; CR 03-015: am. (3) (e) 2. (intro.), (ez) 1. a., d. Register July 2003 No. 571, eff. 8-1-03; emerg. r. and recr. (1) (b), (g) 1. 2. a. to k., 3. a. to k., (u) 1., z., r. (1) (d), (dm), am. (1) (v), eff. 8-29-2003; CR 03-016: am. (3) (e) 1. (intro.), 3. a., 6. (intro.), a., (em) 1., 3., (es) 1., (ev), cr. (3) (et) Register August 2003 No. 572, eff. 9-1-03; CR 03-018: am. (3) (e) 6. (intro.), a., (es) 1., (4) (a) 2., (e) 2., cr. (3) (i), r. (4) (a) 5., (e) 5. Register November 2003 No. 575, eff. 1-1-04, except (4) eff. 4-1-04; CR 03-051: r. and recr. (1) (b), (g) 1., 2. a. to k., 3. a. to k., (u) 1., 2., r. (1) (d), (dm), am. (1) (v) Register November 2003 No. 575, eff. 12-1-03; CR 04-020: am. (3) (e) 3. b., c., (et) 1. a., c., 2., 3., r. (3) (e) 3. cm. Register August 2004 No. 584, eff. 9-1-04; CR 04-011: am. (1) (g) 1. L., m., (2) (f) 2. (3) (e) 3. c., d., e., (em) 1., (es) 1., (4) (a) 1., (c) 1., 2., 3., (d), (dm), (e) 1., 2., 4., 5., renum. (3) (e) 3. cm., cr. (3) (e) 3. cr., f., g., (es), Register September 2004 No. 585, eff. 4-1-05, except (3) (e) 3. g. eff. 11-1-04; CR 04-046: am. (2) (c) 8., (3) (ez) 1. a., d. Register September 2004 No. 585, eff. 10-1-04; emerg. r. and recr. (1) (b), (g) 1., 2. a. to k., 3. a. to k., (u), am. (1) (v), eff. 8-31-04; CR 04-059: r. and recr. (1) (b), (g) 1., 2. a. to k., 3. a. to k., (u), am. (1) (v) Register December 2004 No. 588, eff. 1-1-05; CR 04-092: am. (2) (f) 4. Register April 2005 No. 592, eff. 5-1-05; CR 05-016: am. (3) (et) 1. a., c., 2., 3., (ez) 1. d. Register August 2005 No. 596, eff. 9-1-05; CR 05-017: am. (3) (e) 3. d. Register October 2005 No. 598, eff. 2-1-06; emerg. r. and recr. (1) (b), (g) 1., 2. a. to k., 3. a. to k., (u), am. (1) (v), eff. 8-31-05; CR 05-057: r. and recr. (1) (b), (g) 1., 2. a. to k., 3. a. to k., (u), am. (1) (v) Register December 2005 No. 600, eff. 1-1-06; CR 05-083: cr. (3) (e) 2. h. Register April 2006 No. 604, eff. 5-1-06: CR 05-102: am. (2) (a) 4., (c) 1. b., (e) 2., (f) 3., 4., (g) 2., (3) (a) 2., (bt), (c) 1. a., 2. b., (f) 3., (h) 1. b. Register June 2006 No. 606, eff. 7-1-06; CR 05-086: r. and recr. (3) (e) 1., 2., 3., (em) 1., 2., r. (3) (e) 4., (es) 2., renum. (3) (e) 5., 6. to be 4., 5. and am., cr. (3) (ed), (ef), (em) 4., 5., am. (3) (em) 3., (es) 1., (ev), renum. (3) (es) 3. to be 2. and am. Register June 2006 No. 606, eff. 7-1-06; CR 06-013: r. and recr. (3) (et) Register August 2006 No. 608, eff. 9-1-06; emerg. r. and recr. (1) (b), (c), (g) 1. to 3., (u), cr. (1) (g) 4., am. (1) (v) eff. 8-31-06; CR 06-074: r. and recr. (1) (b), (c), (g) 1. to 3., (u), cr. (1) (g) 4., am. (1) (v) Register December 2006 No. 612, eff. 1-1-07; CR 06-012: am. (2) (a) 1., 2., (c) 8., (f) 2., (3) (e) 1. b., 2. (intro.), a., r. (2) (a) 3., cr. (2) (f) 4. Register December 2006 No. 612, eff. 2-1-07; CR 06-131: am. (3) (e) 1. c., 2. b., g. (em) 4. a., c., (ev), r. (3) (e) 1. d., r. and recr. (3) (em) 1., cr. (3) (es) 3. Register July 2007 No. 619, eff. 8-1-07; CR 07-015: am. (3) (bm), (c) 3., (e) 2. f., 3. b., (g), cr. (3) (em) 2. b. Register September 2007 No. 621, eff. 2-1-08, except (3) (bm) eff. 10-1-07; emerg. r. and recr. (1) (b), (g), (u), am. (1) (v), eff. 8-30-07; CR 07-055: r. and recr. (1) (b), (g), (u), am. (1) (v) Register January 2008 No. 625, eff. 2-1-08; CR 07-035: am. (3) (c) 2., (ed) 1. b., (4) (dm) 1. Register April 2008 No. 628, eff. 5-1-08; CR 08-013: r. and recr. (3) (et) Register August 2008 No. 632, eff. 9-1-09; CR 08-011: am. (3) (b), (bm) Register September 2008 No. 633, eff. 2-1-09; CR 08-021: am. (2) (f) 2., 3., (3) (e) 1. e., (em) 1., (ev), r. (3) (ed) 5., (ez) Register November 2008 No. 635, eff. 12-1-08; correction in (3) (ed) 1 b. made under s. 13.92 (4) (b) 7., Stats., Register November 2008 No. 635; EmR0824: emerg. r. and recr. (1) (b), (g), (h), (u), am. (1) (v), eff. 8-30-08; CR 08-061: r. and recr. (1) (b), (g), (h), (u), am. (1) (v) Register December 2008 No. 636, eff. 1-1-09; CR 09-015: am. (2) (c) 2., (f) 2., (3) (d), (e) 1. b., 2. b., d., (em) 4. c., d., (et) 1. c., cr. (3) (e) 2. h. Register October 2009 No. 646, eff. 2-1-10, except (3) (e) 1. b., (et) 1. c., eff. 11-1-09.