Chapter DHS 157

DHS 157.40 DHS 157.40 Quarterly inventory.

DHS 157.40(1) (1) Requirement. A licensee shall conduct a quarterly physical inventory to account for all sources of radiation and for devices, including devices containing depleted uranium, received and possessed under the license.

DHS 157.40(2) (2) Records. A licensee shall maintain records of the quarterly inventory for 3 years. The record shall include the date of the inventory, name of the individual conducting the inventory, radionuclide, source activity in becquerels or curies or mass of DU in each device, location of the sources and devices, manufacturer, model and serial number of each source of radiation.

DHS 157.40 History History: CR 01-108: cr. Register July 2002 No. 559, eff. 8-1-02.

DHS 157.41 DHS 157.41 Inspection and maintenance of radiation machines, radiographic exposure devices, transport and storage containers, associated equipment, source changers and survey instruments.

DHS 157.41(1) (1) Inspection requirements.

DHS 157.41(1)(a) (a) A licensee or registrant shall perform visual and operability checks on survey meters, radiation machines, radiographic exposure devices, transport and storage containers, associated equipment and source changers before each day’s use or work shift, to ensure that all the following applies:

DHS 157.41(1)(a)1. 1. The equipment is in good working condition.

DHS 157.41(1)(a)2. 2. The sources are adequately shielded.

DHS 157.41(1)(a)3. 3. Required labeling is present.

DHS 157.41(1)(b) (b) Survey instrument operability shall be performed using check sources or other appropriate means.

DHS 157.41(1)(c) (c) If equipment problems are found, the equipment shall be removed from service until repaired.

DHS 157.41(2) (2) Procedures.

DHS 157.41(2)(a) (a) A licensee or registrant shall perform inspection and routine maintenance of radiation machines, radiographic exposure devices, source changers, associated equipment, transport and storage containers and survey instruments at intervals not to exceed 3 months or before the first use thereafter to ensure the proper functioning of components important to safety. Replacement components shall meet design specifications. A licensee or registrant shall utilize written inspection and maintenance procedures. If equipment problems are found, the equipment shall be removed from service until repaired.

DHS 157.41(2)(b) (b) A licensee’s inspection and maintenance program shall include procedures to assure that type B packages are shipped and maintained under the certificate of compliance or other approval. A program for transport container inspection and maintenance limited to radiographic exposure devices, source changers or packages transporting these devices and meeting the requirements of this subsection or equivalent NRC or agreement state requirements, shall satisfy the requirements of s. DHS 157.94 (6).

DHS 157.41(2)(c) (c) Records of equipment problems and of any maintenance performed shall be retained for 3 years.

DHS 157.41 History History: CR 01-108: cr. Register July 2002 No. 559, eff. 8-1-02; CR 06-021: am. (2) (a) Register October 2006 No. 610, eff. 11-1-06.

DHS 157.42 DHS 157.42 Permanent radiographic installations.

DHS 157.42(1) (1) Entry requirements. Each entrance that is used for personnel access to the high radiation area in a permanent radiographic installation shall have either of the following:

DHS 157.42(1)(a) (a) An entrance control of the type described in s. DHS 157.26 (1) (a) 1. that causes the radiation level upon entry into the area to be reduced. Entrance control devices that reduce the radiation level upon entry shall be tested monthly.

DHS 157.42(1)(b) (b) Both conspicuous visible and audible warning signals to warn of the presence of radiation. The visible signal shall be actuated by radiation whenever the source is exposed or the machine is energized. The audible signal shall be actuated when an attempt is made to enter the installation while the source is exposed or the machine is energized. The alarm system shall be tested for proper operation with a radiation source each day before the installation is used for radiographic operations. The test shall include a check of both the visible and audible signals.

DHS 157.42(2) (2) Device failure. If an entrance control device or an alarm is operating improperly, it shall be immediately labeled as defective and repaired within 7 calendar days. The facility may continue to be used during this 7-day period provided the licensee or registrant implements continuous surveillance and uses an alarming ratemeter. Test records for entrance controls and audible and visual alarms shall be maintained for 3 years.

DHS 157.42 History History: CR 01-108: cr. Register July 2002 No. 559, eff. 8-1-02; CR 06-021: am. (1) (a) Register October 2006 No. 610, eff. 11-1-06; CR 09-062: am (1) (a) and (b) Register April 2010 No. 652, eff. 5-1-10.

DHS 157.43 DHS 157.43 Labeling, transportation and storage.

DHS 157.43(1) (1) Labeling requirements. A licensee may not use a source changer or a container to store radioactive material unless the source changer or the storage container has securely attached to it a durable, legible and clearly visible label bearing the standard trefoil radiation caution symbol with conventional colors, which is magenta, purple or black on a yellow background, having a minimum diameter of 25 millimeters and the wording:

CAUTION (or DANGER)

RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL

NOTIFY CIVIL AUTHORITIES
[or “NAME OF COMPANY”]

DHS 157.43(2) (2) Transport.

DHS 157.43(2)(a) (a) A licensee may not transport radioactive material unless the material is packaged and the package is labeled, marked and accompanied with appropriate shipping papers under regulations set out in subch. XIII.

DHS 157.43(2)(b) (b) A licensee shall lock and physically secure the transport package containing radioactive material in the transporting vehicle to prevent accidental loss, tampering or unauthorized removal.

DHS 157.43(3) (3) Storage. Radiographic exposure devices, source changers, storage containers and radiation machines, shall be physically secured to prevent tampering or removal by unauthorized personnel. The licensee shall store radioactive material in a manner that minimizes danger from explosion or fire.

DHS 157.43 History History: CR 01-108: cr. Register July 2002 No. 559, eff. 8-1-02; CR 16-078: r. (2) (b), renum. (2) (intro.), (a) to (2) (a), (b) Register January 2018 No. 745, eff. 2-1-18.

DHS 157.44 DHS 157.44 Operational radiation safety requirements.

DHS 157.44(1) (1) Conducting industrial radiographic operations.

DHS 157.44(1)(a) (a) Whenever radiography is performed at a location other than a permanent radiographic installation, the radiographer shall be accompanied by at least one other certified radiographer or radiographer’s assistant. The additional individual shall observe the operations and be capable of providing immediate assistance to prevent unauthorized entry. Radiography may not be performed if only one individual is present.

DHS 157.44(1)(b) (b) Except when physically impossible, collimators shall be used in industrial radiographic operations that use radiographic exposure devices that allow the source to be moved out of the device.

DHS 157.44(1)(c) (c) A licensee may conduct lay-barge, offshore platform or underwater radiography only if procedures have been approved by the department, the NRC or by another agreement state.

DHS 157.44(2) (2) Radiation safety officer.

DHS 157.44(2)(a) (a) The radiation safety officer shall ensure that radiation safety activities are being performed under approved procedures and regulatory requirements in the daily operation of the licensee’s or registrant’s program.

DHS 157.44(2)(b) (b) Except as allowed in par. (c), the minimum qualifications, training and experience for radiation safety officers for industrial radiography are as follows:

DHS 157.44(2)(b)1. 1. Completion of the training and testing requirements of sub. (3) (a) and (b).

DHS 157.44(2)(b)2. 2. 2000 hours of hands-on experience as a qualified radiographer in industrial radiographic operations.

DHS 157.44(2)(b)3. 3. Formal training in the establishment and maintenance of a radiation protection program.

DHS 157.44(2)(c) (c) The department may consider alternatives to the requirements of par. (b) when the radiation safety officer has appropriate training and experience in the field of ionizing radiation and has adequate formal training with respect to the establishment and maintenance of a radiation safety protection program.

DHS 157.44(2)(d) (d) The specific duties and authorities of the radiation safety officer shall include all the following:

DHS 157.44(2)(d)1. 1. Establishing and overseeing all operating, emergency and ALARA procedures as required by subch. III and reviewing the procedures regularly to ensure that the procedures conform to department rules and to the license conditions.

DHS 157.44(2)(d)2. 2. Overseeing and approving the training program for radiographic personnel to ensure that appropriate and effective radiation protection practices are taught.

DHS 157.44(2)(d)3. 3. Ensuring that required radiation surveys and leak tests are performed and documented under the rules, including any corrective measures when levels of radiation exceed established limits.

DHS 157.44(2)(d)4. 4. Ensuring that personnel monitoring devices are calibrated, if applicable, and used properly; that records are kept of the monitoring results; and that timely notifications are made as required by subch. III.

DHS 157.44(2)(d)5. 5. Ensuring that operations are conducted safely and implementing corrective actions including terminating operations at the work sites or upon license termination.

DHS 157.44(3) (3) Training.

DHS 157.44(3)(a) (a) In addition to the requirements in par. (b), a licensee or registrant may not permit any individual to act as a radiographer until the individual has completed a minimum of 40 hours of training in the subjects outlined in this paragraph, hands-on experience under the supervision of a radiographer and is certified through a radiographer certification program meeting the requirements of 10 CFR 34 Appendix A. The hands-on experience for radioactive materials shall include a minimum of 320 hours of active participation in the performance of industrial radiography utilizing radioactive material or 160 hours of active participation in the performance of industrial radiography if utilizing only radiation machines. Individuals performing industrial radiography utilizing radioactive materials and radiation machines shall complete both segments of the hands-on experience for a minimum of 480 hours. A licensee or registrant shall include all the following subjects in training:

DHS 157.44(3)(a)1. 1. Fundamentals of radiation safety that includes all of the following:

DHS 157.44(3)(a)1.a. a. Characteristics of gamma and x-ray radiation.

DHS 157.44(3)(a)1.b. b. Units of radiation dose and quantity of radioactivity.

DHS 157.44(3)(a)1.c. c. Hazards of exposure to radiation.

DHS 157.44(3)(a)1.d. d. Levels of radiation from sources of radiation.

DHS 157.44(3)(a)1.e. e. Methods of controlling radiation dose via time, distance and shielding.

DHS 157.44(3)(a)2. 2. Radiation detection instruments that includes all of the following:

DHS 157.44(3)(a)2.a. a. Use, operation, calibration and limitations of radiation survey instruments.

DHS 157.44(3)(a)2.b. b. Survey techniques.

DHS 157.44(3)(a)2.c. c. Use of personnel monitoring equipment.

DHS 157.44(3)(a)3. 3. Equipment to be used that includes all of the following:

DHS 157.44(3)(a)3.a. a. Operation and control of radiographic exposure equipment, remote handling equipment and storage containers, including pictures or models of source assemblies.

DHS 157.44(3)(a)3.b. b. Operation and control of radiation machines.

DHS 157.44(3)(a)3.c. c. Storage, control and disposal of sources of radiation.

DHS 157.44(3)(a)3.d. d. Inspection and maintenance of equipment.

DHS 157.44(3)(a)4. 4. The requirements of pertinent state and federal regulations.

DHS 157.44(3)(a)5. 5. Case histories of accidents in industrial radiography.

DHS 157.44 Note Note: A current list of state and national organizations administering the certification examination may be obtained by writing the Department at: Department of Health Services, Radiation Protection Section, P.O. Box 2659, Madison, WI 53701-2659 or from the following website: http://dhs.wisconsin.gov/radiation/protection/IRCerts.htm.

DHS 157.44(3)(b) (b) A licensee or registrant may not permit any individual to act as a radiographer until the individual has accomplished all the following:

DHS 157.44(3)(b)1. 1. Received copies of and instruction in the requirements described in this subchapter and applicable sections of subchs. III, X and XIII, the license under which the radiographer will perform industrial radiography and the licensee’s or registrant’s operating and emergency procedures.

DHS 157.44(3)(b)2. 2. Demonstrated an understanding of the licensee’s license and operating and emergency procedures by successful completion of a written or oral examination covering this material.

DHS 157.44(3)(b)3. 3. Received training in the use of the registrant’s radiation machines or the licensee’s radiographic exposure devices, sealed sources, in the daily inspection of devices and associated equipment and in the use of radiation survey instruments.

DHS 157.44(3)(b)4. 4. Demonstrated understanding of the use of the equipment described in subd. 3. by successful completion of a practical examination.

DHS 157.44(3)(c) (c) A licensee or registrant may not permit any individual to act as a radiographer’s assistant until the individual has accomplished all the following:

DHS 157.44(3)(c)1. 1. Received copies of and instruction in the requirements described in this subchapter and applicable sections of subchs. III, X and XIII, the license under which the radiographer’s assistant will perform industrial radiography and the licensee’s or registrant’s operating and emergency procedures.

DHS 157.44(3)(c)2. 2. Demonstrated an understanding of items in subd. 1. by successful completion of a written or oral examination.

DHS 157.44(3)(c)3. 3. Under the personal supervision of a radiographer, received training in the use of the registrant’s radiation machines or the licensee’s radiographic exposure devices and sealed sources, in the daily inspection of devices and associated equipment and in the use of radiation survey instruments.

DHS 157.44(3)(c)4. 4. Demonstrated an understanding of the use of the equipment described in subd. 3. by successful completion of a practical examination.

DHS 157.44(3)(d) (d) A licensee or registrant shall provide annual refresher safety training for each radiographer and radiographer’s assistant at intervals not to exceed 12 months.

DHS 157.44(3)(e) (e) The radiation safety officer or designee shall conduct an inspection program of the job performance of each radiographer and radiographer’s assistant to ensure that the department’s rules, license requirements and operating and emergency procedures are followed. The department may consider alternatives in those situations where the individual serves as both radiographer and radiation safety officer. An inspection program is not required when a single individual serves as both radiographer and radiation safety officer and performs all radiography operations. The inspection program shall include all the following:

DHS 157.44(3)(e)1. 1. Observation of the performance of each radiographer and radiographer’s assistant at intervals not to exceed 6 months during an actual industrial radiographic operation.

DHS 157.44(3)(e)2. 2. Provide that, if a radiographer or a radiographer’s assistant has not participated in an industrial radiographic operation for more than 6 months since the last inspection, the radiographer shall demonstrate knowledge of the training requirements of par. (b) 3. and the radiographer’s assistant shall demonstrate knowledge of the training requirements of par. (c) 3. by a practical examination before these individuals may next participate in a radiographic operation.

DHS 157.44(3)(f) (f) A licensee or registrant shall maintain records under s. DHS 157.45 (9) of the training specified in this section to include certification documents, written oral and practical examinations, refresher safety training and inspections of job performance.

DHS 157.44(4) (4) Operating and emergency procedures.

DHS 157.44(4)(a) (a) Operating and emergency procedures shall include instructions in all the following:

DHS 157.44(4)(a)1. 1. Appropriate handling and use of sources of radiation so that no person is likely to be exposed to radiation doses in excess of the limits established in subch. III.