Chapter 941

941.237(3)(cm)1. 1. The private security person is covered by a license or permit issued under s. 440.26.

941.237(3)(cm)2. 2. The private security person is going armed in the line of duty.

941.237(3)(cm)3. 3. The private security person is acting with the consent of the person specified in par. (d).

941.237(3)(cr) (cr) A qualified out-of-state law enforcement officer, as defined in s. 941.23 (1) (g), to whom s. 941.23 (2) (b) 1. to 3. applies.

941.237(3)(ct) (ct) A former officer, as defined in s. 941.23 (1) (c), to whom s. 941.23 (2) (c) 1. to 7. applies.

941.237(3)(cx) (cx) A licensee, as defined in s. 175.60 (1) (d), or an out-of-state licensee, as defined in s. 175.60 (1) (g), if the licensee or out-of-state licensee is not consuming alcohol on the premises.

941.237(3)(d) (d) The licensee, owner, or manager of the premises, or any employee or agent authorized to possess a handgun by the licensee, owner, or manager of the premises.

941.237(3)(e) (e) The possession of a handgun that is unloaded and encased in a vehicle in any parking lot area.

941.237(3)(f) (f) The possession or use of a handgun at a public or private gun or sportsmen’s range or club.

941.237(3)(g) (g) The possession or use of a handgun on the premises if authorized for a specific event of limited duration by the owner or manager of the premises who is issued the Class “B” or “Class B” license or permit under ch. 125 for the premises.

941.237(3)(h) (h) The possession of any handgun that is used for decoration if the handgun is encased, inoperable or secured in a locked condition.

941.237(3)(i) (i) The possession of a handgun in any portion of a hotel other than the portion of the hotel that is a tavern.

941.237(3)(j) (j) The possession of a handgun in any portion of a combination tavern and store devoted to other business if the store is owned or operated by a firearms dealer, the other business includes the sale of handguns and the handgun is possessed in a place other than a tavern.

941.237 History History: 1993 a. 95, 491; 1995 a. 461; 2007 a. 27; 2011 a. 35; 2015 a. 22, 55; 2021 a. 238 s. 44.

941.237 Annotation Sub. (3) does not allow going armed with a concealed handgun in violation of s. 941.23. State v. Mata, 199 Wis. 2d 315, 544 N.W.2d 578 (Ct. App. 1996), 95-1336.

941.25 941.25 Manufacturer to register machine guns.

941.25(1) (1) In this section, “machine gun” means any of the following:

941.25(1)(a) (a) Any weapon that shoots, is designed to shoot or can be readily restored to shoot, automatically more than one shot, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger.

941.25(1)(b) (b) The frame or receiver of any weapon described under par. (a) or any part designed and intended solely and exclusively, or combination of parts designed and intended, for use in converting a weapon into a weapon described under par. (a).

941.25(1)(c) (c) Any combination of parts from which a weapon described under par. (a) can be assembled if those parts are in the possession or under the control of a person.

941.25(2) (2) Every manufacturer shall keep a register of all machine guns manufactured or handled by him or her. This register shall show the model and serial number, date of manufacture, sale, loan, gift, delivery, or receipt, of every machine gun, the name, address, and occupation of the person to whom the machine gun was sold, loaned, given, or delivered, or from whom it was received; and the purpose for which it was acquired by the person to whom the machine gun was sold, loaned, given, or delivered, or from whom received. Upon demand every manufacturer shall permit any marshal, sheriff, or police officer to inspect his or her entire stock of machine guns, parts, and supplies therefor, and shall produce the register required under this subsection for inspection. Whoever violates any provision of this subsection is subject to a Class B forfeiture.

941.25(3) (3) This section does not prohibit or interfere with the manufacture for, and sale of, machine guns to the military forces or the peace officers of the United States or of any political subdivision thereof, or the transportation required for that purpose; the possession of a machine gun for scientific purpose, or the possession of a machine gun not usable as a weapon and possessed as a curiosity, ornament, or keepsake; or the possession of a machine gun other than one adapted to use pistol cartridges for a purpose manifestly not aggressive or offensive.

941.25 History History: 1977 c. 173; 2015 a. 197 ss. 17, 30, 31.

941.26 941.26 Machine guns and other weapons; use in certain cases; penalty.

941.26(1c) (1c) In this section:

941.26(1c)(a) (a) “CS gel” means nonatomizing, gel-form chlorobenzalmalononitrile.

941.26(1c)(b) (b) “Machine gun” has the meaning given in s. 941.25 (1).

941.26(1g) (1g) 

941.26(1g)(a) (a) No person may sell, possess, use or transport any machine gun or other full automatic firearm.

941.26(1g)(b) (b) Except as provided in sub. (4), no person may sell, possess, use or transport any tear gas bomb, hand grenade, projectile or shell or any other container of any kind or character into which tear gas or any similar substance is used or placed for use to cause bodily discomfort, panic, or damage to property.

941.26(1m) (1m) No person may take a firearm that is not designed to shoot more than one shot, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger and modify the firearm so that it does shoot more than one shot, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger.

941.26(2) (2) 

941.26(2)(a) (a) Any person violating sub. (1g) (a) is guilty of a Class H felony.

941.26(2)(b) (b) Any person violating sub. (1m) is guilty of a Class F felony.

941.26(2)(c) (c) Except as provided in par. (d), any person who violates sub. (1g) (b) regarding the possession, noncommercial transportation or use of the bomb, grenade, projectile, shell, or container under sub. (1g) (b) is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor.

941.26(2)(d) (d) Any person who violates sub. (1g) (b) regarding the possession, noncommercial transportation or use of the bomb, grenade, projectile, shell, or container under sub. (1g) (b) in self-defense or defense of another, as allowed under s. 939.48, is subject to a Class D forfeiture.

941.26(2)(e) (e) Any person who violates sub. (1g) (b) regarding the sale or commercial transportation of the bomb, grenade, projectile, shell, or container under sub. (1g) (b) is guilty of a Class H felony.

941.26(2)(f) (f) Any person who violates sub. (1g) (b) regarding the use of the bomb, grenade, projectile, shell or container under sub. (1g) (b) to cause bodily harm or bodily discomfort to a person who the actor knows, or has reason to know, is a peace officer who is acting in an official capacity is guilty of a Class H felony.

941.26(2)(g) (g) Any person who violates sub. (1g) (b) regarding the use of the bomb, grenade, projectile, shell or container under sub. (1g) (b) during his or her commission of another crime to cause bodily harm or bodily discomfort to another or who threatens to use the bomb, grenade, projectile, shell, or container during his or her commission of another crime to incapacitate another person is guilty of a Class H felony.

941.26(3) (3) This section does not apply to the sale, possession, modification, use or transportation of any weapons or containers under sub. (1g) or (1m) to or by any armed forces or national guard personnel in the line of duty, any civil enforcement officer of the state or of any city or county. This section does not apply to the sale, possession, modification, use, or transportation of weapons under sub. (1g) (a) or (1m) to or by any person duly authorized by the chief of police of any city or the sheriff of any county. This section does not apply to the restoration of any weapon under sub. (1g) (a) or (1m) by a person having a license to collect firearms as curios or relics issued by the U.S. department of the treasury. The restriction on transportation contained in this section does not apply to common carriers.

941.26(4) (4) 

941.26(4)(a) (a) Subsections (1g) to (3) do not apply to any device or container that contains a combination of oleoresin of capsicum or CS gel and inert ingredients but does not contain any other gas or substance that will cause bodily discomfort.

941.26(4)(b) (b) Whoever intentionally uses a device or container described under par. (a) to cause bodily harm or bodily discomfort to another is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor.

941.26(4)(c) (c) Paragraph (b) does not apply to any of the following:

941.26(4)(c)1. 1. Any person acting in self-defense or defense of another, as allowed under s. 939.48.

941.26(4)(c)2. 2. Any peace officer acting in his or her official capacity. Notwithstanding s. 939.22 (22), for purposes of this subdivision, peace officer does not include a commission warden who is not a state-certified commission warden.

941.26(4)(c)3. 3. Any armed forces or national guard personnel acting in the line of duty.

941.26(4)(d) (d) Whoever intentionally uses a device or container described under par. (a) to cause bodily harm or bodily discomfort to a person who the actor knows, or has reason to know, is a peace officer who is acting in an official capacity is guilty of a Class H felony.

941.26(4)(e) (e) Whoever uses a device or container described under par. (a) during his or her commission of another crime to cause bodily harm or bodily discomfort to another or who threatens to use the device or container during his or her commission of another crime to incapacitate another person is guilty of a Class H felony.

941.26(4)(g) (g)

941.26(4)(g)1. 1. Any person who sells or distributes a device or container described under par. (a) to a person who has not attained 18 years of age is subject to a Class C forfeiture.

941.26(4)(g)1m. 1m. Subdivision 1. does not apply to an actor who is a parent, guardian, or legal custodian of a person who has not attained 18 years of age if the actor gives the person the device or container.

941.26(4)(g)2. 2. A person who proves all of the following by a preponderance of the evidence has a defense to prosecution under subd. 1.:

941.26(4)(g)2.a. a. That the purchaser or distributee falsely represented that he or she had attained the age of 18 and presented an identification card.

941.26(4)(g)2.b. b. That the appearance of the purchaser or distributee was such that an ordinary and prudent person would believe that the purchaser or distributee had attained the age of 18.

941.26(4)(g)2.c. c. That the sale was made in good faith, in reasonable reliance on the identification card and appearance of the purchaser or distributee and in the belief that the purchaser or distributee had attained the age of 18.

941.26(4)(j) (j) Whoever intentionally sells a device or container described under par. (a) without providing the purchaser with a proper label on the device or container and written safety instructions for using the device or container is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor.

941.26(4)(k) (k)

941.26(4)(k)1. 1. Except as provided in subd. 2., any person who has not attained the age of 18 years and who possesses a device or container described under par. (a) is subject to a Class E forfeiture.

941.26(4)(k)2. 2. Subdivision 1. does not apply if the person’s parent, guardian, or legal custodian purchased the device or container for him or her or gave the device or container to him or her.

941.26(4)(L) (L) Any person who has been convicted of a felony in this state or has been convicted of a crime elsewhere that would be a felony if committed in this state who possesses a device or container described under par. (a) is subject to a Class A misdemeanor. This paragraph does not apply if the person has received a pardon for the felony or crime.

941.26(4)(m) (m) The department of justice may not promulgate or enforce any rule that regulates a device or container described under par. (a).

941.26(5) (5) This section does not prohibit or interfere with the manufacture for, and sale of, machine guns to the military forces or the peace officers of the United States or of any political subdivision thereof, or the transportation required for that purpose; the possession of a machine gun for scientific purpose, or the possession of a machine gun not usable as a weapon and possessed as a curiosity, ornament, or keepsake; or the possession of a machine gun other than one adapted to use pistol cartridges for a purpose manifestly not aggressive or offensive.

941.26 History History: 1977 c. 173; 1987 a. 234; 1991 a. 137; 1993 a. 91; 1995 a. 25; 2001 a. 109; 2007 a. 27; 2013 a. 77; 2015 a. 197; 2019 a. 52.

941.28 941.28 Possession of short-barreled shotgun or short-barreled rifle.

941.28(1) (1) In this section:

941.28(1)(a) (a) “Rifle” means a firearm designed or redesigned, made or remade, and intended to be fired from the shoulder or hip and designed or redesigned and made or remade to use the energy of a propellant in a metallic cartridge to fire through a rifled barrel a single projectile for each pull of the trigger.

941.28(1)(b) (b) “Short-barreled rifle” means a rifle having one or more barrels having a length of less than 16 inches measured from closed breech or bolt face to muzzle or a rifle having an overall length of less than 26 inches.

941.28(1)(c) (c) “Short-barreled shotgun” means a shotgun having one or more barrels having a length of less than 18 inches measured from closed breech or bolt face to muzzle or a shotgun having an overall length of less than 26 inches.

941.28(1)(d) (d) “Shotgun” means a weapon designed or redesigned, made or remade, and intended to be fired from the shoulder or hip and designed or redesigned and made or remade to use the energy of a propellant in a fixed shotgun shell to fire through a smooth bore either a number of ball shot or a single projectile for each single pull of the trigger.

941.28(2) (2) No person may sell or offer to sell, transport, purchase, possess or go armed with a short-barreled shotgun or short-barreled rifle.

941.28(3) (3) Any person violating this section is guilty of a Class H felony.

941.28(4) (4) This section does not apply to the sale, purchase, possession, use or transportation of a short-barreled shotgun or short-barreled rifle to or by any armed forces or national guard personnel in line of duty, any peace officer of the United States or of any political subdivision of the United States or any person who has complied with the licensing and registration requirements under 26 USC 5801 to 5872. This section does not apply to the manufacture of short-barreled shotguns or short-barreled rifles for any person or group authorized to possess these weapons. The restriction on transportation contained in this section does not apply to common carriers. This section shall not apply to any firearm that may be lawfully possessed under federal law, or any firearm that could have been lawfully registered at the time of the enactment of the national firearms act of 1968.

941.28(5) (5) Any firearm seized under this section is subject to s. 968.20 (3) and is presumed to be contraband.

941.28 History History: 1979 c. 115; 2001 a. 109.

941.28 Annotation The intent in sub. (1) (d) is that of the fabricator; that the gun is incapable of being fired or not intended to be fired by the possessor is immaterial. State v. Johnson, 171 Wis. 2d 175, 491 N.W.2d 110 (Ct. App. 1992).

941.28 Annotation “Firearm” means a weapon that acts by force of gunpowder to fire a projectile, regardless of whether it is inoperable due to disassembly. State v. Rardon, 185 Wis. 2d 701, 518 N.W.2d 330 (Ct. App. 1994).

941.29 941.29 Possession of a firearm.

941.29(1g) (1g) In this section:

941.29(1g)(a) (a) “Violent felony” means any felony under s. 943.23 (1m), 1999 stats., s. 943.23 (1r), 1999 stats., or s. 943.23 (1g), 2021 stats., this section, or s. 940.01, 940.02, 940.03, 940.05, 940.06, 940.08, 940.09, 940.10, 940.19, 940.195, 940.198, 940.20, 940.201, 940.203, 940.204, 940.21, 940.225, 940.23, 940.235, 940.285 (2), 940.29, 940.295 (3), 940.30, 940.302, 940.305, 940.31, 940.43 (1) to (3), 940.45 (1) to (3), 941.20, 941.26, 941.28, 941.2905, 941.292, 941.30, 941.327 (2) (b) 3. or 4., 943.02, 943.04, 943.06, 943.10 (2), 943.231 (1), 943.32, 943.87, 946.43, 948.02 (1) or (2), 948.025, 948.03, 948.04, 948.05, 948.051, 948.06, 948.07, 948.08, 948.085, or 948.30.

941.29(1g)(b) (b) “Violent misdemeanor” means a violation of s. 813.12, 813.122, 813.125, 940.19 (1), 940.195, 940.42, 940.44, 941.20 (1), 941.26, 941.38 (3), 941.39, 947.013, 948.55, 951.02, 951.08, 951.09, or 951.095 or a violation to which a penalty specified in s. 939.63 (1) is applied.

941.29(1m) (1m) A person who possesses a firearm is guilty of a Class G felony if any of the following applies:

941.29(1m)(a) (a) The person has been convicted of a felony in this state.

941.29(1m)(b) (b) The person has been convicted of a crime elsewhere that would be a felony if committed in this state.

941.29(1m)(bm) (bm) The person has been adjudicated delinquent for an act committed on or after April 21, 1994, that if committed by an adult in this state would be a felony.

941.29(1m)(c) (c) The person has been found not guilty of a felony in this state by reason of mental disease or defect.

941.29(1m)(d) (d) The person has been found not guilty of or not responsible for a crime elsewhere that would be a felony in this state by reason of insanity or mental disease, defect or illness.

941.29(1m)(e) (e) The person has been committed for treatment under s. 51.20 (13) (a) and is subject to an order not to possess a firearm under s. 51.20 (13) (cv) 1., 2007 stats.

941.29(1m)(em) (em) The person is subject to an order not to possess a firearm under s. 51.20 (13) (cv) 1., 51.45 (13) (i) 1., 54.10 (3) (f) 1., or 55.12 (10) (a).