Chapter 91

91.01(19)(a)1. 1. An owner or operator of the farm.

91.01(19)(a)2. 2. A parent or child of an owner or operator of the farm.

91.01(19)(a)3. 3. An individual who earns more than 50 percent of his or her gross income from the farm.

91.01(19)(b) (b) A migrant labor camp that is certified under s. 103.92.

91.01(20) (20) “Gross farm revenues” has the meaning given in s. 71.613 (1) (g).

91.01(20m) (20m) “Livestock” means bovine animals, equine animals, goats, poultry, sheep, swine, farm-raised deer, farm-raised game birds, camelids, ratites, and farm-raised fish.

91.01(21) (21) “Nonfarm residence” means a single-family or multi-family residence other than a farm residence.

91.01(22) (22) “Nonfarm residential acreage” means the total number of acres of all parcels on which nonfarm residences are located.

91.01(22m) (22m) “Overlay district” means a zoning district that is superimposed on one or more other zoning districts and imposes additional restrictions on the underlying districts.

91.01(23) (23) “Owner” means a person who has an ownership interest in land.

91.01(23m) (23m) “Permitted use” means a use that is allowed without a conditional use permit, special exception, or other special zoning permission.

91.01(24) (24) “Political subdivision” means a city, village, town, or county.

91.01(25) (25) “Prime farmland” means any of the following:

91.01(25)(a) (a) An area with a class I or class II land capability classification as identified by the natural resources conservation service of the federal department of agriculture.

91.01(25)(b) (b) Land, other than land described in par. (a), that is identified as prime farmland in a certified farmland preservation plan.

91.01(26) (26) “Prior nonconforming use” means a land use that does not conform with a farmland preservation zoning ordinance, but that existed lawfully before the farmland preservation zoning ordinance was enacted.

91.01(27) (27) “Protected farmland” means land that is located in a farmland preservation zoning district, is covered by a farmland preservation agreement, or is otherwise legally protected from nonagricultural development.

91.01(28) (28) “Taxable year” has the meaning given in s. 71.01 (12).

91.01 History History: 2009 a. 28.

91.01 Annotation Wisconsin’s Working Lands: Securing Our Future. Matson. Wis. Law. Dec. 2009.

91.02 91.02 Rule making.

91.02(1) (1) The department shall promulgate rules that set forth technical specifications for farmland preservation zoning maps under s. 91.38 (1) (d).

91.02(2) (2) The department may promulgate rules for the administration of this chapter, including rules that do any of the following:

91.02(2)(a) (a) Identify accessory uses under s. 91.01 (1) (e).

91.02(2)(b) (b) Identify agricultural uses under s. 91.01 (2) (b).

91.02(2)(c) (c) Identify agriculture-related uses under s. 91.01 (3) (b).

91.02(2)(d) (d) Identify base farm tracts under s. 91.01 (5) (b).

91.02(2)(e) (e) Specify requirements for certification under s. 91.18 (1) (b).

91.02(2)(f) (f) Require information in an application for certification of a farmland preservation plan or amendment under s. 91.20 (4).

91.02(2)(g) (g) Specify types of ordinance amendments for which certification is required under s. 91.36 (8) (b) 3.

91.02(2)(h) (h) Specify exceptions to the requirement that land in a farmland preservation zoning district be included in a farmland preservation area under s. 91.38 (1) (g).

91.02(2)(i) (i) Specify requirements for certification of a farmland preservation zoning ordinance under s. 91.38 (1) (i).

91.02(2)(j) (j) Require information in an application for certification of a farmland preservation zoning ordinance or amendment under s. 91.40 (5).

91.02(2)(k) (k) Authorize additional uses in a farmland preservation zoning district under s. 91.42 (4).

91.02(2)(L) (L) Authorize additional uses as permitted uses in a farmland preservation zoning district under s. 91.44 (1) (g).

91.02(2)(m) (m) Authorize additional uses as conditional uses in a farmland preservation zoning district under s. 91.46 (1) (j).

91.02(2)(p) (p) Require information in an application for a farmland preservation agreement under s. 91.64 (2) (h).

91.02(2)(r) (r) Prescribe procedures for compliance monitoring under s. 91.82 (3).

91.02 History History: 2009 a. 28; 2011 a. 253.

91.03 91.03 Intergovernmental cooperation. State agencies shall cooperate with the department in the administration of this chapter and in other matters related to the preservation of farmland in this state. State agencies shall, to the extent feasible, cooperate in sharing and standardizing relevant information, identifying and mapping significant agricultural resources, and planning and evaluating the impact of state actions on agriculture.

91.03 History History: 2009 a. 28.

91.04 91.04 Department to report. At least once every 2 years, beginning not later than December 31, 2011, the department shall submit a farmland preservation report to the joint committee on finance, the standing committees of the legislature with jurisdiction over agriculture under s. 13.172 (3), and the board of agriculture, trade and consumer protection and provide copies of the report to the department of revenue and the department of administration. The department shall prepare the report in cooperation with the department of revenue and shall include all of the following in the report:

91.04(1) (1) A review and analysis of farmland availability, uses, and use trends in this state, including information related to farmland conversion statewide and by county.

91.04(2) (2) A review and analysis of relevant information related to the farmland preservation program under this chapter and associated tax credit claims under subch. IX of ch. 71, including information related to all of the following:

91.04(2)(a) (a) Participation in the program by political subdivisions and landowners.

91.04(2)(b) (b) Tax credit claims by landowners, including the number of claimants, the amount of credits claimed, acreage covered by tax credit claims, the amount of credits claimed under zoning ordinances and under farmland preservation agreements, and relevant projections and trends.

91.04(2)(bm) (bm) The amount of the tax credits per qualifying acre, and the recommendations of the department for the tax credit amounts.

91.04(2)(c) (c) The number, identity, and location of counties with certified farmland preservation plans.

91.04(2)(d) (d) Trends and developments related to certification of farmland preservation plans.

91.04(2)(e) (e) The number, identity, and location of political subdivisions with certified farmland preservation zoning ordinances.

91.04(2)(f) (f) Trends and developments related to certification of farmland preservation zoning ordinances.

91.04(2)(g) (g) The number, nature, and location of agricultural enterprise areas.

91.04(2)(h) (h) The number and location of farms covered by farmland preservation agreements, including new farmland preservation agreements, and the number and location of farms for which farmland preservation agreements have expired.

91.04(2)(i) (i) Conservation compliance by landowners under s. 91.80 and compliance activities by county land conservation committees under s. 91.82.

91.04(2)(j) (j) Rezoning of land out of farmland preservation zoning districts under s. 91.48.

91.04(2)(k) (k) Program costs, cost trends, and cost projections.

91.04(2)(L) (L) Key issues related to program performance and key recommendations, if any, for enhancing the program.

91.04 History History: 2009 a. 28; 2011 a. 32; 2023 a. 42.

subch. II of ch. 91 SUBCHAPTER II

FARMLAND PRESERVATION PLANNING

91.10 91.10 County plan required; planning grants.

91.10(1) (1) By January 1, 2016, a county shall adopt a farmland preservation plan that does all of the following:

91.10(1)(a) (a) States the county’s policy related to farmland preservation and agricultural development, including the development of enterprises related to agriculture.

91.10(1)(b) (b) Identifies, describes, and documents other development trends, plans, or needs, that may affect farmland preservation and agricultural development in the county, including trends, plans, or needs related to population and economic growth, housing, transportation, utilities, communications, business development, community facilities and services, energy, waste management, municipal expansion, and environmental preservation.

91.10(1)(c) (c) Identifies, describes, and documents all of the following:

91.10(1)(c)1. 1. Agricultural uses of land in the county at the time that the farmland preservation plan is adopted, including key agricultural specialities, if any.

91.10(1)(c)2. 2. Key agricultural resources, including available land, soil, and water resources.

91.10(1)(c)3. 3. Key infrastructure for agriculture, including key processing, storage, transportation, and supply facilities.

91.10(1)(c)4. 4. Significant trends in the county related to agricultural land use, agricultural production, enterprises related to agriculture, and the conversion of agricultural lands to other uses.

91.10(1)(c)5. 5. Anticipated changes in the nature, scope, location, and focus of agricultural production, processing, supply, and distribution.

91.10(1)(c)6. 6. Goals for agricultural development in the county, including goals related to the development of enterprises related to agriculture.

91.10(1)(c)7. 7. Actions that the county will take to preserve farmland and to promote agricultural development.

91.10(1)(c)7m. 7m. Policies, goals, strategies, and proposed actions to increase housing density in areas that are not identified under par. (d).

91.10(1)(c)8. 8. Key land use issues related to preserving farmland and to promoting agricultural development and plans for addressing those issues.

91.10(1)(d) (d) Clearly identifies areas that the county plans to preserve for agricultural use and agriculture-related uses, which may include undeveloped natural resource and open space areas but may not include any area that is planned for nonagricultural development within 15 years after the date on which the plan is adopted.

91.10(1)(dm) (dm) Describes the rationale used to determine which areas to identify under par. (d).

91.10(1)(e) (e) Includes maps that clearly delineate all areas identified under par. (d), so that a reader can easily determine whether a parcel is within an identified area.

91.10(1)(f) (f) Clearly correlates the maps under par. (e) with text that describes the types of land uses planned for each area on a map.

91.10(1)(g) (g) Identifies programs and other actions that the county and local governmental units within the county may use to preserve the areas identified under par. (d).

91.10(2) (2) If the county has a comprehensive plan, the county shall include the farmland preservation plan in its comprehensive plan and shall ensure that the farmland preservation plan is consistent with the comprehensive plan. The county may incorporate information contained in other parts of the comprehensive plan into the farmland preservation plan by reference.

91.10(3) (3) To adopt a farmland preservation plan under sub. (1), a county shall follow the procedures under s. 66.1001 (4) for the adoption of a comprehensive plan.

91.10(4) (4) The department may provide information and assistance to a county in developing a farmland preservation plan under sub. (1).

91.10(5) (5) A county shall notify the department before the county holds a public hearing on a proposed farmland preservation plan under sub. (1) or on any amendment to a farmland preservation plan. The county shall include a copy of the proposed farmland preservation plan or amendment in the notice. The department may review and comment on the plan or amendment.

91.10(6) (6) 

91.10(6)(a) (a) From the appropriation under s. 20.115 (7) (dm) or (tm), the department may award a planning grant to a county to provide reimbursement for up to 50 percent of the county’s cost of preparing a farmland preservation plan required under sub. (1). In determining priorities for awarding grants under this subsection, the department shall consider the expiration dates for plan certification under s. 91.14.

91.10(6)(b) (b) The department shall enter into a contract with a county to which it awards a planning grant under par. (a) before the department distributes any grant funds to the county. In the contract, the department shall identify the costs that are eligible for reimbursement through the grant.

91.10(6)(c) (c) The department may distribute grant funds under this subsection only after the county shows that it has incurred costs that are eligible for reimbursement under par. (b). The department may not distribute more than 50 percent of the amount of a grant under this subsection for a farmland preservation plan before the county submits the farmland preservation plan for certification under s. 91.16.

91.10 History History: 2009 a. 28.

91.12 91.12 Certified plan. The following farmland preservation plans are certified, for the purposes of this chapter and s. 71.613: