Chapter 813

813.122(9)(b) (b) Within one business day after an order or injunction is issued, extended, modified or vacated under this section, the clerk of the circuit court shall send a copy of the order or injunction, or of the order extending, modifying or vacating an order or injunction, to the sheriff or to any other local law enforcement agency which is the central repository for orders and injunctions and which has jurisdiction over the child victim’s premises.

813.122(9)(c) (c) The sheriff or other appropriate local law enforcement agency under par. (b) shall enter the information received under par. (b) concerning an order or injunction issued, extended, modified or vacated under this section into the transaction information for management of enforcement system no later than 24 hours after receiving the information and shall make available to other law enforcement agencies, through a verification system, information on the existence and status of any order or injunction issued under this section. The information need not be maintained after the order or injunction is no longer in effect.

813.122(9)(d) (d) A law enforcement agency and a clerk of circuit court may use electronic transmission to facilitate the exchange of documents under this section. Any person who uses electronic transmission shall ensure that the electronic transmission does not allow unauthorized disclosure of the documents transmitted.

813.122(10) (10) Arrest.

813.122(10)(am) (am) A law enforcement officer shall arrest and take a person into custody if all of the following occur:

813.122(10)(am)1. 1. A petitioner under sub. (6) (a) presents the law enforcement officer with a copy of an order issued under sub. (4) or (5), or the law enforcement officer determines that such an order exists through communication with appropriate authorities.

813.122(10)(am)2. 2. The law enforcement officer has probable cause to believe that the person has violated the order issued under sub. (4) or (5).

813.122(10)(c) (c) A respondent who does not appear at a hearing at which the court orders an injunction under sub. (5) but who has been served with a copy of the petition and notice of the time for hearing under sub. (5) (a) 2. has constructive knowledge of the existence of the injunction and shall be arrested for violation of the injunction regardless of whether he or she has been served with a copy of the injunction.

813.122(11) (11) Penalty. Whoever knowingly violates a temporary restraining order or injunction issued under this section shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned for not more than 9 months or both.

813.122(12) (12) Notice of full faith and credit. An order or injunction issued under sub. (4) or (5) shall include a statement that the order or injunction may be accorded full faith and credit in every civil or criminal court of the United States, civil or criminal courts of any other state and Indian tribal courts to the extent that such courts may have personal jurisdiction over nontribal members.

813.122 History History: 1985 a. 234; 1987 a. 332 s. 64; Sup. Ct. Order, 151 Wis. 2d xxv (1989); 1991 a. 276; 1993 a. 227, 318; 1995 a. 71, 275, 306, 456; 1997 a. 292; 2001 a. 61; 2005 a. 155, 272; 2005 a. 443 s. 265; 2007 a. 20, 124; 2009 a. 262; 2011 a. 35; 2013 a. 223, 311, 321, 322; 2015 a. 109, 195, 253, 349, 353; 2021 a. 256.

813.122 Annotation This section implicitly envisions a change of placement and custody if the trial court issues a child abuse injunction against a parent who has custody or placement of a child under a divorce order or judgment. Scott M.H. v. Kathleen M.H., 218 Wis. 2d 605, 581 N.W.2d 564 (Ct. App. 1998), 97-0814.

813.122 Annotation Construing this section and s. 48.02 (1) (gm) as allowing a trial court to consider evidence of the treatment a respondent obtained or steps a respondent took to ameliorate a child’s symptoms of emotional damage after the filing of the petition but prior to the injunction hearing would undercut the purpose of the injunction, which is to protect a child from an abusive situation. In light of Wisconsin’s strong and long-standing interest in the protection and well-being of its minors, interpreting these statutes in a manner that would allow a respondent to undercut the purpose of the statute would be unreasonable. S.O. v. T.R., 2016 WI App 24, 367 Wis. 2d 669, 877 N.W.2d 408, 15-0548.

813.122 Annotation Evidence of the treatment obtained or steps taken by a parent, guardian, or legal custodian to address and remedy his or her actions can benefit the child within the meaning of this section and s. 48.02 (1) (gm). However, when evidence of such actions is introduced to establish that the parent, guardian, or legal custodian has not “neglected, refused or been unable ... to obtain the necessary treatment or to take steps to ameliorate the symptoms,” there must also be testimony or other evidence showing an actual benefit to the child in terms of treating the child and ameliorating the child’s symptoms of emotional abuse. S.O. v. T.R., 2016 WI App 24, 367 Wis. 2d 669, 877 N.W.2d 408, 15-0548.

813.122 Annotation Applicable law allows electronic transmission of certain confidential case information among clerks of circuit court, county sheriff’s offices, and the Department of Justice through electronic interfaces involving the Department of Administration’s Office of Justice Assistance, specifically including electronic data messages regarding child abuse protection orders and individual at risk protection orders in actions in which the court has ordered, under sub. (3) (b) 3. [now sub. (3) (bq)] and s. 813.23 (3) (c) 2., respectively, that access to any record of the case be available only to the individual at risk, parties, their attorneys, any guardian or guardian ad litem, court personnel, and any applicable appellate court. OAG 2-10.

813.122 Annotation Family Court or Not? Raising Child Abuse Allegations Against a Parent. Kornblum & Pollack. Wis. Law. Mar. 2020.

813.123 813.123 Restraining orders and injunctions for individuals at risk.

813.123(1) (1) Definitions. In this section:

813.123(1)(a) (a) “Abuse” has the meaning given in s. 46.90 (1) (a).

813.123(1)(ae) (ae) “Adult at risk” has the meaning given in s. 55.01 (1e).

813.123(1)(am) (am) “Adult-at-risk agency” has the meaning given in s. 55.01 (1f).

813.123(1)(b) (b) “Bodily harm” has the meaning given in s. 46.90 (1) (aj).

813.123(1)(br) (br) “Caregiver” has the meaning given in s. 46.90 (1) (an).

813.123(1)(cg) (cg) “Elder adult at risk” has the meaning given in s. 46.90 (1) (br).

813.123(1)(d) (d) “False representation” includes a promise that is made with the intent not to fulfill the promise.

813.123(1)(dm) (dm) “Financial exploitation” has the meaning given in s. 46.90 (1) (ed).

813.123(1)(e) (e) “Great bodily harm” has the meaning given in s. 939.22 (14).

813.123(1)(eg) (eg) “Harassment” has the meaning given in s. 813.125 (1) (am) 4.

813.123(1)(ek) (ek) “Household pet” means a domestic animal that is not a farm animal, as defined in s. 951.01 (3), that is kept, owned, or cared for by an individual at risk or an elder adult at risk or by a family member or a household member of an individual at risk or an elder adult at risk.

813.123(1)(ep) (ep) “Individual at risk” means an elder adult at risk or an adult at risk.

813.123(1)(fm) (fm) “Mistreatment of an animal” means cruel treatment of any animal owned by or in service to an individual at risk.

813.123(1)(g) (g) “Neglect” has the meaning given in s. 46.90 (1) (f).

813.123(1)(gr) (gr) “Self-neglect” has the meaning given in s. 46.90 (1) (g).

813.123(1)(gs) (gs) “Stalking” means engaging in a course of conduct, as defined in s. 940.32 (1) (a).

813.123(2) (2) Commencement of action and response.

813.123(2)(a) (a) No action under this section may be commenced by complaint and summons. An action under this section may be commenced only by a petition described under sub. (6). The action commences with service of the petition upon the respondent if a copy of the petition is filed before service or promptly after service. The individual at risk, any person acting on behalf of an individual at risk, an elder-adult-at-risk agency, or an adult-at-risk agency may be a petitioner under this section. If the petition is filed by a person other than the individual at risk, the petitioner shall serve a copy of the petition on the individual at risk. Section 813.06 does not apply to an action under this section. The respondent may respond to the petition either in writing before or at the hearing on the issuance of the injunction or orally at that hearing. The court shall inform the petitioner in writing that, if the petitioner chooses to have the documents in the action served by the sheriff, the petitioner should contact the sheriff to verify the proof of service of the petition.

813.123(2)(b) (b) The court may go forward with a petition filed under sub. (6) if the individual at risk has been adjudicated incompetent under ch. 880, 2003 stats., or ch. 54, notwithstanding an objection by an individual at risk who is the subject of the petition, or an objection by the guardian of the individual at risk.

813.123(3) (3) General procedure.

813.123(3)(a) (a) Procedure for an action under this section is in 2 parts. First, if the petitioner requests a temporary restraining order, the court or circuit court commissioner shall issue or refuse to issue that order. Second, the court shall hold a hearing under sub. (5) on whether to issue an injunction, which is the final relief. If the court or circuit court commissioner issues a temporary restraining order, the order shall set forth the date for the hearing on an injunction. If the court or circuit court commissioner does not issue a temporary restraining order, the date for the hearing shall be set upon motion by either party.

813.123(3)(b) (b) The court or circuit court commissioner, on its or his or her own motion or the motion of any party, shall order that a guardian ad litem be appointed for the individual at risk, if the petition under sub. (6) was filed by a person other than the individual at risk, and may order that a guardian ad litem be appointed in other instances when justice so requires.

813.123(3)(c) (c) The court or circuit court commissioner, on its or his or her own motion or the motion of any party, may order any of the following:

813.123(3)(c)1. 1. That all persons, other than the individual at risk, the parties, their attorneys, a representative of the adult-at-risk agency or elder-adult-at-risk agency, witnesses, court personnel, and any guardian or any guardian ad litem, be excluded from any hearing under this section.

813.123(3)(c)2. 2. That access to any record of an action under this section be available only to the individual at risk, the parties, their attorneys, any guardian or any guardian ad litem, the adult-at-risk agency or elder-adult-at-risk agency, court personnel, and, upon appeal, any applicable court.

813.123(4) (4) Temporary restraining order.

813.123(4)(a) (a) Unless the individual at risk, guardian, or guardian ad litem consents in writing and the judge or circuit court commissioner agrees that the contact is in the best interests of the individual at risk, a judge or circuit court commissioner shall issue a temporary restraining order, as specified in par. (ar), if all of the following occur:

813.123(4)(a)1. 1. The petitioner submits to the judge or circuit court commissioner a petition alleging the elements set forth under sub. (6).

813.123(4)(a)2. 2. The judge or circuit court commissioner finds reasonable grounds to believe any of the following:

813.123(4)(a)2.a. a. That the respondent has interfered with or, based on prior conduct of the respondent, may interfere with an investigation of the individual at risk, the delivery of protective services to or a protective placement of the individual at risk under ch. 55, or the delivery of services to an elder adult at risk under s. 46.90 (5m); and that the interference complained of, if continued, would make it difficult to determine whether abuse, financial exploitation, neglect, or self-neglect has occurred, is occurring, or may recur.

813.123(4)(a)2.b. b. That the respondent engaged in or threatened to engage in the abuse, financial exploitation, neglect, harassment, or stalking of an individual at risk or the mistreatment of an animal.

813.123(4)(ar) (ar) A temporary restraining order issued under par. (a) shall order the respondent to do one or more of the following:

813.123(4)(ar)1. 1. Avoid interference with an investigation of the elder adult at risk under s. 46.90 or the adult at risk under s. 55.043, the delivery of protective services to or a protective placement of the individual at risk under ch. 55, or the delivery of services to the elder adult at risk under s. 46.90 (5m).

813.123(4)(ar)2. 2. Cease engaging in or threatening to engage in the abuse, financial exploitation, neglect, harassment, or stalking of an individual at risk or mistreatment of an animal.

813.123(4)(ar)2m. 2m. Refrain from removing, hiding, damaging, harming, or mistreating, or disposing of, a household pet and allow the individual at risk or a guardian, guardian ad litem, family member, or household member of the individual at risk acting on his or her behalf to retrieve a household pet.

813.123(4)(ar)3. 3. Avoid the residence of the individual at risk or any other location temporarily occupied by the individual at risk, or both.

813.123(4)(ar)4. 4. Avoid contacting or causing any person other than a party’s attorney or a law enforcement officer to contact the individual at risk.

813.123(4)(ar)5. 5. Engage in any other appropriate remedy not inconsistent with the remedies requested in the petition.

813.123(4)(b) (b) Notice need not be given to the respondent before issuing a temporary restraining order under this subsection. A temporary restraining order may be entered only against the respondent named in the petition.

813.123(4)(c) (c) The temporary restraining order is in effect until a hearing is held on issuance of an injunction under sub. (5), except that the court may extend the temporary restraining order under s. 813.1285. A judge shall hold a hearing on issuance of an injunction within 14 days after the temporary restraining order is issued, unless the time is extended upon the written consent of the parties, extended under s. 801.58 (2m), or extended once for 14 days upon a finding that the respondent has not been served with a copy of the temporary restraining order although the petitioner has exercised due diligence. A judge or court commissioner may not extend the temporary restraining order in lieu of ruling on the issuance of an injunction.

813.123(5) (5) Injunction.

813.123(5)(a) (a) Unless the individual at risk, guardian, or guardian ad litem consents in writing to a contact and the judge agrees that the contact is in the best interests of the individual at risk, a judge may grant an injunction ordering the respondent as specified in par. (ar), if all of the following occur:

813.123(5)(a)1. 1. The petitioner files a petition alleging the elements set forth under sub. (6).

813.123(5)(a)2. 2. The petitioner serves upon the respondent a copy of the petition and notice of the time for hearing on the issuance of the injunction, or the respondent serves upon the petitioner notice of the time for hearing on the issuance of the injunction. The notice served under this subdivision shall inform the respondent that, if the judge or circuit court commissioner issues an injunction, the judge or circuit court commissioner may also order the respondent not to possess a firearm while the injunction is in effect. The person who serves the respondent with the notice shall also provide the respondent with all of the following information:

813.123(5)(a)2.a. a. Notice of the requirements and penalties under s. 941.29 and notice of any similar applicable federal laws and penalties.

813.123(5)(a)2.b. b. An explanation of s. 813.1285, including the procedures for surrendering a firearm and the circumstances listed under s. 813.1285 under which a respondent must appear at a hearing to surrender firearms.

813.123(5)(a)2.c. c. A firearm possession form developed under s. 813.1285 (5) (a), with instructions for completing and returning the form.

813.123(5)(a)3. 3. After hearing, the judge finds reasonable cause to believe any of the following:

813.123(5)(a)3.a. a. That the respondent has interfered with or, based upon prior conduct of the respondent, may interfere with an investigation of the elder adult at risk under s. 46.90 or the adult at risk under s. 55.043 and that the interference complained of, if continued, would make it difficult to determine if abuse, financial exploitation, neglect, harassment, or stalking of an individual at risk or mistreatment of an animal is occurring or may recur.

813.123(5)(a)3.b. b. That the respondent has interfered with the delivery of protective services to or a protective placement of the individual at risk under ch. 55 after the offer of protective services or protective placement has been made and the individual at risk or his or her guardian, if any, has consented to receipt of the protective services or protective placement; or that the respondent has interfered with the delivery of services to an elder adult at risk under s. 46.90 (5m).

813.123(5)(a)3.c. c. That the respondent has engaged in or threatened to engage in the abuse, financial exploitation, neglect, harassment, or stalking of an individual at risk or the mistreatment of an animal.

813.123(5)(ar) (ar) An injunction granted under par. (a) shall order the respondent to do one or more of the following:

813.123(5)(ar)1. 1. Avoid interference with an investigation of the elder adult at risk under s. 46.90 or the adult at risk under s. 55.043, the delivery of protective services to or a protective placement of the individual at risk under ch. 55, or the delivery of services to the elder adult at risk under s. 46.90 (5m).

813.123(5)(ar)2. 2. Cease engaging in or threatening to engage in the abuse, financial exploitation, neglect, harassment, or stalking of an individual at risk or the mistreatment of an animal.

813.123(5)(ar)2m. 2m. Refrain from removing, hiding, damaging, harming, or mistreating, or disposing of, a household pet and allow the individual at risk or a guardian, guardian ad litem, family member, or household member of the individual at risk acting on his or her behalf to retrieve a household pet.

813.123(5)(ar)3. 3. Avoid the residence of the individual at risk or any other location temporarily occupied by the individual at risk, or both.

813.123(5)(ar)4. 4. Avoid contacting or causing any person other than a party’s attorney or a law enforcement officer to contact the individual at risk.

813.123(5)(ar)5. 5. Any other appropriate remedy not inconsistent with the remedies requested in the petition.

813.123(5)(b) (b) The injunction may be entered only against the respondent named in the petition.

813.123(5)(c) (c)

813.123(5)(c)1. 1. An injunction under this subsection is effective according to its terms, but for not more than 4 years, except as provided in par. (d).

813.123(5)(c)2. 2. When an injunction expires, the court shall extend the injunction if the petitioner states that an extension is necessary to protect the individual at risk. This extension shall remain in effect until 6 months after the date on which the court first entered the injunction, except as provided in par. (d).

813.123(5)(c)3. 3. If the petitioner states that an extension is necessary to protect the individual at risk, the court may extend the injunction for not more than 2 years, except as provided in par. (d).

813.123(5)(c)4. 4. Notice need not be given to the respondent before extending an injunction under subd. 2. or 3. The clerk of courts shall notify the respondent after the court extends an injunction under subd. 2. or 3.

813.123(5)(d) (d)

813.123(5)(d)1. 1. A judge may, upon issuing an injunction or granting an extension of an injunction issued under this subsection, order that the injunction is in effect for not more than 10 years, if the court finds, by a preponderance of the evidence stated on the record, that any of the following is true:

813.123(5)(d)1.a. a. There is a substantial risk that the respondent may commit first-degree intentional homicide under s. 940.01, or 2nd-degree intentional homicide under s. 940.05, against the person at risk.

813.123(5)(d)1.b. b. There is a substantial risk that the respondent may commit sexual assault under s. 940.225 (1), (2), or (3), or under s. 948.02 (1) or (2), against the person at risk.

813.123(5)(d)1m. 1m. Upon request by the petitioner, a judge may order that the injunction is in effect permanently if the respondent has been convicted of a violation of s. 940.225 (1) to (3) in which the individual at risk was the crime victim. An order based on a finding under this subdivision is subject to review and modification under s. 813.126 (1m).

813.123(5)(d)2. 2. This paragraph does not prohibit a petitioner from requesting a new temporary restraining order under sub. (4) or injunction under this subsection before or at the expiration of a previously entered order or injunction.

813.123(5c) (5c) Order; telephone services.