Chapter 77

77.82(7)(b)4. 4. That the owner agrees to any amendments to the management plan determined by the department to be necessary as a result of the addition.

77.82(7)(c) (c) Except as provided in par. (d), if an application is received on or before June 1 of any year, the department shall investigate and shall either approve the application and issue the order under sub. (8) or deny the application before the following November 21. An application received after June 1 shall be acted on by the department as provided in this subdivision before the November 21 of the year following the year in which the application is received.

77.82(7)(d) (d) The department shall approve or disapprove an application under par. (a) that is filed under sub. (4m) within 3 years after the date on which the application is filed with the department.

77.82(8) (8) Order. If an application under sub. (2), (4m), or (12) is approved, the department shall issue an order designating the land as managed forest land for the time period specified in the application. If an application under sub. (4) is approved, the department shall amend the original order to include the additional parcel. The department shall provide the applicant with a copy of the order or amended order and shall also file a copy with the department of revenue and the clerk of each municipality in which the land is located, and shall record the order with the register of deeds in each county in which the land is located.

77.82(9) (9) Effective date of order. An order or amended order under sub. (8) issued before November 21 of any year takes effect on the January 1 after the date of issuance. An order or amended order under sub. (8) issued on or after November 21 of any year takes effect on the 2nd January 1 after the date of issuance.

77.82(10) (10) Denial. If the department denies an application, it shall notify the applicant in writing, stating the reason for the denial.

77.82(11) (11) Duration; effect of changes.

77.82(11)(a) (a) An order issued under this subchapter shall constitute a contract between the state and the owner and shall remain in effect for the period specified in the application unless the land is withdrawn under s. 77.84 (3) (b) or 77.88. Except as provided in subs. (3) (f) and (11m), the department may not amend or otherwise change the terms of an order or management plan to conform with changes made to any provision of this subchapter subsequent to the date on which the order was entered or the plan was approved.

77.82(11)(b) (b) If a statute is enacted or a rule is promulgated during the period of the order that materially changes the terms of the order as provided under this paragraph, the landowner shall elect between acceptance of modifications to the contract consistent with the provisions of the statute or rule or voluntary withdrawal of the land without penalty. A statutory change does not constitute a material change to an order unless, in the act that makes the change, the legislature states that the act or a provision in the act makes a material change to orders entered into under prior law. A promulgated rule does not constitute a material change to an order unless the rule includes a statement that the rule constitutes a material change to orders entered into under prior rules and the department includes in its report to the legislature under s. 227.19 (2) a statement that the rule constitutes a material change to orders entered into under prior rules and an analysis of this determination.

77.82(11g) (11g) Withdrawal tax on converted forest croplands prohibited. No tax or interest may be assessed under s. 77.10 (2) (a) on land converted to managed forest land pursuant to an application approved under sub. (7) (d).

77.82(11m) (11m) Orders for the land in the lower Wisconsin state riverway. An owner of timber that is exempt under s. 30.44 (3) (c) 2. shall comply with a rule regulating timber cutting and harvesting promulgated under s. 30.42 (1) (d):

77.82(11m)(a) (a) If the rule is not inconsistent with the order issued under sub. (8); or

77.82(11m)(b) (b) If the owner agrees to amend the order issued under sub. (8) to require compliance with the rules.

77.82(12) (12) Renewal.

77.82(12)(a) (a) An owner of managed forest land may file an application with the department under sub. (2) for renewal of the order. An application for renewal shall be filed no later than the June 1 before the expiration date of the order. The application shall specify whether the owner wants the order renewed for 25 or 50 years. The provisions under subs. (3), (5), (6), and (7) do not apply to an application under this paragraph. The department may deny the application only if any of the following applies:

77.82(12)(a)1. 1. The land fails to meet the eligibility requirements under sub. (1).

77.82(12)(a)2. 2. The land that is subject to the application for renewal of the order is not identical to the land that is designated as managed forest land under the existing order.

77.82(12)(a)3. 3. The owner has failed to comply with the management plan that is in effect on the date that the application for renewal is filed.

77.82(12)(a)4. 4. The management plan does not contain any mandatory forestry or soil conservation practices, as described in sub. (3) (c) 6. and 7., or any mandatory management activities, as described in sub. (3) (d), that the department determines are required to be continued during the term of the renewed order.

77.82(12)(a)5. 5. No review of the mandatory forestry or soil conservation practices or the mandatory management activities contained in the management plan has been conducted within the 5 years immediately preceding the date of the application for renewal.

77.82(12)(a)6. 6. Within the 5 years immediately preceding the date of the application for renewal, the management plan has not been updated to reflect the completion of any forestry or soil conservation practices or management activities contained in the plan.

77.82(12)(a)7. 7. There are delinquent taxes on the land.

77.82(12)(b) (b) If the application is denied, the department shall state the reason for the denial in writing.

77.82 History History: 1985 a. 29; 1989 a. 31; 1993 a. 16, 131, 301, 491; 1995 a. 27; 1997 a. 27, 35, 237; 2001 a. 109; 2003 a. 228; 2005 a. 25, 64, 299; 2007 a. 97; 2009 a. 365; 2011 a. 260 s. 80; 2015 a. 358; 2017 a. 17, 43, 59; 2021 a. 230.

77.83 77.83 Closed, open and restricted areas.

77.83(1) (1) Closed areas.

77.83(1)(a) (a) An owner may designate land subject to a managed forest land order as closed to public access.

77.83(1)(am) (am) Notwithstanding par. (a), not more than 320 acres owned by any property owner may be designated as closed managed forest land in each municipality.

77.83(1)(b) (b) If any area of an owner’s managed forest land is already designated as closed, an addition to the land approved under s. 77.82 (7) (b) may be designated as closed only under the following conditions:

77.83(1)(b)1. 1. The addition does not result in increasing the closed portion of the land to an area greater than that permitted under par. (am).

77.83(1)(b)2. 2. The additional area is contiguous to the area that is already designated as closed.

77.83(1)(c) (c) If all or any part of an owner’s closed managed forest land is withdrawn or transferred as provided under s. 77.88, the owner may designate a different or an additional closed area if it meets the requirements of par. (b).

77.83(1)(d) (d) An owner of land designated as closed under par. (a) may permit a person who performs land management activities on the land to access the land to conduct recreational activities.

77.83(1m) (1m) Modification of designation. For a managed forest land order that takes effect on or after April 28, 2004, the owner of the managed forest land may modify the designation of a closed or open area 2 times during the term of the order. For a managed forest land order that takes effect before April 28, 2004, the owner of the managed forest land may modify the designation of a closed or open area 2 times during the period beginning with April 28, 2004, and ending with the expiration date of the order, regardless of whether the owner has previously modified the designation as authorized by rules promulgated by the department.

77.83(2) (2) Open areas; restrictions.

77.83(2)(a) (a) Except as provided in pars. (b) and (c) and subs. (1) and (2m), each owner of managed forest land shall permit public access to the land for the purposes of hunting, fishing, hiking, sight-seeing, and cross-country skiing.

77.83(2)(b) (b) An owner may restrict public access to any area of open managed forest land which is within 300 feet of any building or within 300 feet of a commercial logging operation that conforms to the management plan.

77.83(2)(c) (c) An owner may prohibit the use of motor vehicles, as defined under s. 340.01 (35), or snowmobiles, as defined under s. 340.01 (58a), or both on any open managed forest land. At the request of an owner, the department may provide assistance in enforcing the prohibition.

77.83(2m) (2m) Proposed ferrous mining sites.

77.83(2m)(a) (a) The requirement under sub. (2) (a) that public access be permitted on managed forest land designated as open does not apply to an area of land within a proposed ferrous mining site that is located within 600 feet of fixed sampling equipment or within 600 feet of either side of a road that is used for purposes associated with ferrous mining.

77.83(2m)(b) (b) In addition to any managed forest land for which access is restricted under par. (a), the department may restrict public access to open managed forest land within a proposed ferrous mining site for any of the purposes specified in sub. (2) (a) if the department determines that it is necessary to ensure the safety of the public, the employees and agents of the person proposing to engage in ferrous mining, or the employees and agents of regulatory bodies.

77.83(2m)(c) (c) No restriction under par. (a) or (b) applies after whichever of the following 3 dates occurs first:

77.83(2m)(c)1. 1. The date on which the department approves or denies the application for a ferrous mining permit for the proposed ferrous mining site.

77.83(2m)(c)2. 2. The date on which the department determines that the person who proposed to engage in ferrous mining has ceased to pursue a mining permit for the proposed ferrous mining site.

77.83(2m)(c)3. 3.

77.83(2m)(c)3.a. a. The 730th day after the date on which the person proposing to engage in ferrous mining provides to the department a preapplication notification under s. 295.465, except as provided in subd. 3. b.

77.83(2m)(c)3.b. b. December 14, 2015, if the person proposing to engage in ferrous mining has provided to the department the preapplication notification before December 14, 2013.

77.83(2m)(d) (d) The department may extend the date under par. (c) 3. for a period of up to 2 additional years if the department determines, after consulting with the person proposing to engage in ferrous mining and other regulatory bodies, that it is likely that the person, the department, or another regulatory body will need additional time to conduct evaluation activities at the proposed ferrous mining site during that period.

77.83(2m)(e) (e) Notwithstanding pars. (a) and (b), public access shall always be permitted on open managed forest land within a proposed ferrous mining site for any of the following:

77.83(2m)(e)1. 1. Fishing that occurs within 50 feet of the water’s edge of a class I or class II trout stream.

77.83(2m)(e)2. 2. Deer hunting during the regular fall open season for hunting deer with firearms that begins on the Saturday immediately preceding the 4th Thursday in November.

77.83(2m)(g) (g) The department shall post information regarding public access to managed forest land located in a proposed ferrous mining site on the department’s Internet site. The information shall include all of the following:

77.83(2m)(g)1. 1. The areas where public access is permitted, and which activities, as specified in sub. (2) (a), are allowed in each area.

77.83(2m)(g)2. 2. The dates and times that each activity allowed under subd. 1. is permitted in a given area.

77.83(3) (3) Signs. An owner may post signs specifying the designation of or restrictions applicable to any area of managed forest land. The department may, by rule, specify design standards for these signs.

77.83(4) (4) Penalty. Any person who fails to comply with sub. (2) (a) or any rule promulgated under sub. (3) shall forfeit not more than $500.

77.83 History History: 1985 a. 29; 1989 a. 79; 1993 a. 131; 2003 a. 228; 2005 a. 299; 2007 a. 20; 2013 a. 81; 2015 a. 358; 2021 a. 230.

77.84 77.84 Taxation of managed forest land.

77.84(1) (1) Tax roll. Each clerk of a municipality in which the land is located shall enter in a special column or other appropriate place on the tax roll the description of each parcel of land designated as managed forest land, and shall specify, by the designation “MFL-O” or “MFL-C”, the acreage of each parcel that is designated open or closed under s. 77.83. The land shall be assessed and is subject to review under ch. 70. Except as provided in this subchapter, no tax may be levied on managed forest land, except that any building, improvements, and fixtures on managed forest land is subject to taxation as real property under ch. 70.

77.84(2) (2) Acreage share; payment for closed land.

77.84(2)(a) (a) For managed forest land orders that take effect before April 28, 2004, each owner of managed forest land shall pay to each municipal treasurer an acreage share of 74 cents per acre on or before January 31.

77.84(2)(am) (am) For managed forest land orders that take effect on or after April 28, 2004, each owner of managed forest land shall pay to each municipal treasurer, on or before January 31, an amount that is equal to 5 percent of the average statewide property tax per acre of property classified under s. 70.32 (2) (a) 6., as determined under par. (cm), for each acre of managed forest land.

77.84(2)(b) (b) For managed forest land orders that take effect before April 28, 2004, in addition to the payment under par. (a), each owner shall pay $1 for each acre that is designated as closed under s. 77.83 and for each acre that is located in a proposed ferrous mining site and that is not open to all of the outdoor activities specified in s. 77.83 (2) (a) for any part of the previous calendar year. The payment shall be made to each municipal treasurer on or before January 31.

77.84(2)(bm) (bm) For managed forest land orders that take effect on or after April 28, 2004, in addition to the payment under par. (am), each owner of managed forest land shall pay to each municipal treasurer, on or before January 31, an amount that is equal to 20 percent of the average statewide property tax per acre of property classified under s. 70.32 (2) (a) 6., as determined under par. (cm), for each acre that is designated as closed under s. 77.83 and for each acre that is located in a proposed ferrous mining site and that is not open to all of the outdoor activities specified in s. 77.83 (2) (a) for any part of the previous calendar year.

77.84(2)(bp) (bp) For managed forest land orders that take effect before April 28, 2004, in addition to the payments under pars. (a) and (b), each owner of managed forest land shall pay to each municipal treasurer, on or before January 31, an amount that is equal to 15 percent of the average statewide property tax per acre of property classified under s. 70.32 (2) (a) 6., as determined under par. (cm), for each acre that is located in a proposed ferrous mining site, and that is not open to all of the outdoor activities specified in s. 77.83 (2) (a) for any part of the previous calendar year.

77.84(2)(c) (c) In 1992 and each 5th year thereafter, the department of revenue shall adjust the amounts under pars. (a) and (b) by multiplying the amount specified by a ratio using as the denominator the department of revenue’s estimate of the average statewide tax per acre of property classes under s. 70.32 (2) (b) 4., 1993 stats., s. 70.32 (2) (b) 5., 1993 stats., and s. 70.32 (2) (b) 6., 1993 stats., for 1986 and, as the numerator, the department of revenue’s estimate of the average tax per acre for the same classes of property for the year in which the adjustment is made.

77.84(2)(cm) (cm) For purposes of determining the per acre amounts under pars. (am) and (bm), in 2004 and in 2007 and each 5th year thereafter, the department of revenue shall determine the average statewide tax per acre of property classified under s. 70.32 (2) (a) 6. by multiplying the average equalized value of property classified under s. 70.32 (2) (a) 6., as determined under s. 70.57, by the average tax rate determined under s. 76.126.

77.84(3) (3) Delinquency.

77.84(3)(a) (a) The procedures specified for the collection of delinquent taxes under ch. 74, and for the sale of land for delinquent taxes under ch. 75 apply to taxes returned delinquent under this subsection. Immediately upon the expiration of 2 years after the date the county acquires a tax certificate, the county clerk shall take a tax deed as provided under ch. 75. The county clerk shall certify to the department that a tax deed has been taken and shall include the legal description of the land subject to the tax deed.

77.84(3)(b) (b) Immediately after receiving the certification of the county clerk that a tax deed has been taken, the department shall issue an order withdrawing the land as managed forest land. The notice requirement under s. 77.88 (1) does not apply to the department’s action under this paragraph. The department shall notify the county treasurer of the amount of the withdrawal fee under s. 77.88 (5m) and the withdrawal tax, as determined under s. 77.88 (5). The amount of the tax and the fee shall be payable to the department under s. 75.36 (3) if the property is sold by the county. The amount shall be credited to the conservation fund.

77.84 History History: 1985 a. 29; 1987 a. 378; 1995 a. 27; 1997 a. 35; 2003 a. 228; 2005 a. 299; 2013 a. 81; 2023 a. 12.

77.85 77.85 State contribution. The department shall pay before June 30 annually the municipal treasurer, from the appropriation under s. 20.370 (5) (bv), 20 cents for each acre of land in the municipality that is designated as managed forest land under this subchapter and for each acre of land in the municipality that has been withdrawn under s. 77.885 but for which payments under s. 77.84 (2) are being made.

77.85 History History: 1985 a. 29; 1991 a. 39; 1995 a. 27; 2009 a. 28.

77.86 77.86 Forestry practices.

77.86(1) (1) Cutting regulated.

77.86(1)(a) (a) Except as provided under sub. (6), no person may cut merchantable timber on managed forest land on which the payment under s. 77.84 (2) is delinquent.

77.86(1)(b) (b)

77.86(1)(b)1. 1. Except as provided under sub. (6), an owner who intends to cut merchantable timber on managed forest land shall, at least 30 days before the cutting is to take place, on a form provided by the department, file a notice of intent to cut and, except as provided under subd. 2., request approval of the proposed cutting from the department.

77.86(1)(b)2. 2. An owner who is required under the terms of an approved management plan to cut merchantable timber on managed forest land is not required to obtain approval of the cutting of that timber before the cutting takes place if any of the following provided the required notice of intent to cut to the department under subd. 1.:

77.86(1)(b)2.a. a. A cooperating forester authorized under s. 28.05 to assist the state in the harvesting and sale of timber.

77.86(1)(b)2.b. b. A forester accredited by the Society of American Foresters, Association of Consulting Foresters, or Wisconsin Consulting Foresters.

77.86(1)(b)2.c. c. A person who holds at least a bachelor’s degree from a forestry program provided by a nationally or regionally accredited institution of higher education and who has 5 years of experience engaged in the full-time profession of managing forests, including timber harvesting, wildlife management, water quality, and recreation to maintain a healthy and productive forest.

77.86(1)(b)2.d. d. A person who holds a degree or diploma from a 2-year forestry program provided by an accredited technical or vocational school and who has 5 years of experience engaged in the full-time profession of managing forests, including timber harvesting, wildlife management, water quality, and recreation to maintain a healthy and productive forest.

77.86(1)(b)2.e. e. A person who has 5 years of experience engaged in the full-time profession of managing forests, including timber harvesting, wildlife management, water quality, and recreation to maintain a healthy and productive forest.

77.86(1)(c) (c) If the proposed cutting conforms to the management plan and is consistent with sound forestry practices, the department shall approve the request.

77.86(1)(d) (d) If the proposed cutting does not conform to the management plan or is not consistent with sound forestry practices, the department shall assist the owner in developing an acceptable proposal before approving the request.

77.86(1)(e) (e) The department shall not restrict an approved cutting based on standards established under s. 23.27 (3).

77.86(1)(f) (f) The department shall send notice to the person who filed the notice of intention to cut by certified letter or electronic mail no later than the end of the next business day of the department’s decision to deny a cutting notice and the reason for the denial.

77.86(3) (3) Time limit. All cutting specified in the notice under sub. (1) (b) shall be commenced within one year after the date the proposed cutting is approved or, if approval is not required under sub. (1) (b) 2., within one year after the date on which the notice under sub. (1) (b) 1. is filed. The owner shall report to the department the date on which the cutting is commenced.