Chapter 77

77.61(6)(a) (a) No person, except the person who filed the return or claim, may inspect a return or claim, or any information derived from a return or claim, that is filed under this subchapter unless that person does so in performing the duties of his or her position. Violation of this paragraph by a state employee is grounds for dismissal.

77.61(6)(b) (b) If any person is charged with a violation of par. (a), the secretary of revenue shall notify each taxpayer whose return or claim was improperly inspected by that person.

77.61(6)(c) (c) Any person who is notified under par. (b) may bring an action for damages in regard to the inspection.

77.61(6)(d) (d) Any person who violates par. (a) shall upon conviction be fined not less than $100 nor more than $500 or imprisoned for not less than one month nor more than 6 months or both.

77.61(8) (8) In any case in which a refund is authorized or prescribed in this subchapter, or in the rules of the department related to the administration hereof, no such refund shall be made if the total amount thereof is less than $2 unless specifically requested on the appropriate form designated by the department.

77.61(9) (9) The department may by rule require the filing, submission, preparation or retention of such information returns, exemption and resale certificates and other forms, reports and data as it requires for the proper administration of this subchapter. Any person who fails or refuses to file, submit, prepare or retain such returns, certificates, forms, reports or data, at the time and place and in the manner required, is guilty of a misdemeanor for each such failure or refusal.

77.61(11) (11) Any city, village or town clerk or other official whose duty it is to issue licenses or permits to engage in a business involving the sale at retail of tangible personal property or items, property, or goods under s. 77.52 (1) (b), (c), or (d) subject to tax under this subchapter, or the furnishing of services so subject to tax, shall, before issuing such license or permit, require proof that the person to whom such license or permit is to be issued is the holder of a seller’s permit or use tax registration certificate, is registered to collect, report, and remit use tax under this subchapter, or has been informed by an employee of the department that the department will issue a seller’s permit or use tax registration certificate to that person or register that person to collect, report, and remit use tax. In the case of a single-owner entity that is disregarded as a separate entity under ch. 71, the requirement to hold a seller’s permit is satisfied if the seller’s permit is in the name of either the disregarded entity or its owner.

77.61(12) (12) 

77.61(12)(a) (a) No natural person shall be excused from testifying or from producing any books, papers, records or memoranda in any investigation, or upon any hearing when ordered to do so by the secretary of revenue or the secretary’s designee upon the ground that the testimony or evidence, documentary or otherwise, may tend to incriminate or subject the person to criminal penalty, but no such natural person so ordered shall be prosecuted or subjected to any criminal penalty for, or on account of such testimony or books, papers, records or memoranda which the person produces upon such investigation or hearing. No person so testifying shall be exempt from prosecution and punishment for perjury in so testifying.

77.61(12)(b) (b) The immunity provided under par. (a) is subject to the restrictions under s. 972.085.

77.61(13) (13) No injunction shall issue to stay proceedings for assessment or collection of any taxes levied under this subchapter.

77.61(14) (14) Documents and payments required or permitted under this subchapter that are mailed are timely furnished, filed or made if they are mailed in a properly addressed envelope with the postage duly prepaid, if the envelope is postmarked, or marked or recorded electronically as provided under section 7502 (f) (2) (c) of the Internal Revenue Code, before midnight of the due date and if the document or payment is received by the department, or at the destination that the department prescribes, within 5 days after the prescribed date. Documents and payments that are not mailed are timely if they are received on or before the due date by the department or at the destination that the department designates. For purposes of this subsection, “mailed” includes delivery by a delivery service designated under section 7502 (f) of the Internal Revenue Code.

77.61(15) (15) Notwithstanding any provision of ss. 178.1141 to 178.1145, 179.1141 to 179.1145, 180.1161, 181.1161 to 181.1165, and 183.1041 to 183.1045, a business entity that converts to another business entity under s. 178.1141, 179.1141, 180.1161, 181.1161, or 183.1041 shall be subject to the provisions under this subchapter applicable to liquidations, reorganizations, and business entity formations.

77.61(16) (16) Any person who remits taxes and files returns under this subchapter may designate an agent, as defined in s. 77.524 (1) (ag), to remit such taxes and file such returns with the department in a manner prescribed by the department.

77.61(17) (17) With regard to services subject to the tax under s. 77.52 (2) or the lease, rental, or license of tangible personal property and property, items, and goods specified under s. 77.52 (1) (b), (c), and (d), an increase in the tax rate applies to the first billing period beginning on or after the rate increase’s effective date and a decrease in the tax rate applies to bills that are rendered on or after the rate decrease’s effective date.

77.61(18) (18) The department shall notify sellers with respect to any change in the rate of the taxes imposed under this subchapter at least 30 days prior to the change’s effective date and any such change shall take effect on January 1, April 1, July 1, or October 1.

77.61(19) (19) 

77.61(19)(a) (a) A person who fails to produce records or documents, as provided under s. 77.59 (2), that support amounts or other information required to be shown on a return required under s. 77.58 and fails to comply in good faith with a summons issued pursuant to s. 73.03 (9) seeking those records and documents may be subject to any of the following penalties, as determined by the department, except that the department may not impose a penalty under this subsection if the person shows that under all facts and circumstances the person’s response, or failure to respond, to the department’s request was reasonable or justified by factors beyond the person’s control:

77.61(19)(a)1. 1. The disallowance of deductions, credits, exemptions, or inclusions of additional taxable sales or additional taxable purchases to which the requested records relate.

77.61(19)(a)2. 2. A penalty for each violation of this subsection that is equal to the greater of $500 or 25 percent of the amount of the additional tax on any adjustment made by the department that results from the person’s failure to produce the records.

77.61(19)(c) (c) The department shall promulgate rules to administer this subsection and the rules shall include a standard response time, a standard for noncompliance, and penalty waiver provisions.

77.61 Cross-reference Cross-reference: See also s. Tax 11.90, Wis. adm. code.

77.61(19m) (19m) 

77.61(19m)(a) (a) A single-owner entity that is disregarded as a separate entity under ch. 71 is disregarded as a separate entity for purposes of this subchapter.

77.61(19m)(b) (b) A single-owner entity that is disregarded as a separate entity under ch. 71 on July 1, 2009, shall be treated under this subchapter as an entity separate from its owner for purposes of the sale, license, lease, or rental of and the storage, use, or other consumption of tangible personal property or items, property, or goods under s. 77.52 (1) (b), (c), or (d) purchased by the single-owner entity or its owner prior to July 1, 2009.

77.61(19m)(c) (c) A single-owner entity that is disregarded as a separate entity under ch. 71 on July 1, 2009, shall be treated under this subchapter as an entity separate from its owner for purchases of building materials, if the materials are affixed and made a structural part of real estate, and the amount payable to the contractor is fixed without regard to the costs incurred in performing a written contract that was irrevocably entered into prior to July 1, 2009, or that resulted from the acceptance of a formal written bid accompanied by a bond or other performance guaranty that was irrevocably submitted before July 1, 2009.

77.61(20) (20) The sale, license, lease, or rental of a product may be taxed only once under this subchapter regardless of whether such sale, license, lease, or rental is subject to taxation under more than one imposition provision under this subchapter.

77.61 History History: 1971 c. 125; 1975 c. 186, 224; 1977 c. 29, 200, 418; 1979 c. 89, 125, 174; 1981 c. 20; 1983 a. 189 s. 329 (12); 1983 a. 405; 1983 a. 544 s. 47 (1); 1985 a. 29, 41; 1987 a. 27, 92, 119, 246; 1989 a. 31, 122, 359; 1991 a. 39, 269, 316; 1993 a. 205, 399; 1995 a. 27, 233, 280; 1997 a. 27, 191, 237; 1999 a. 83; 2001 a. 44, 103; 2005 a. 25, 49; 2007 a. 11, 20; 2009 a. 2, 28, 276; 2011 a. 68, 208; 2015 a. 170; 2015 a. 197 s. 51; 2015 a. 216, 218, 295; 2019 a. 15; 2021 a. 1, 258; 2023 a. 19, 73.

77.61 Annotation Since the immunity under sub. (12) or s. 885.25 (2) is merely coextensive with a defendant’s rights against self-incrimination, which does not attach to the records of a corporation, a defendant’s claim of immunity for delivering corporate records has no merit. State v. Alioto, 64 Wis. 2d 354, 219 N.W.2d 585 (1974).

77.62 77.62 Collection of delinquent sales and use taxes. The department of revenue may exercise the powers vested in it by ss. 71.80 (12), 71.82 (2), 71.91 (1) (a) and (c), (2) to (7), 71.92 and 73.0301 in connection with collection of delinquent sales and use taxes including, without limitation because of enumeration, the power incorporated by reference in s. 71.91 (5) (j), and the power to:

77.62(1) (1) Use the warrant procedures under ss. 71.80 (12), 71.91 (1) (a) and (c) and (2) to (5m) and 71.92.

77.62(2) (2) Release real property from the lien of a warrant.

77.62(3) (3) Satisfy warrants.

77.62(4) (4) Approve installment payment agreements.

77.62(5) (5) Compromise on the basis of ability to pay.

77.62(6) (6) Compromise delinquent estimated assessments on the basis of fairness and equity.

77.62 History History: 1975 c. 224; 1987 a. 312 s. 17; 1995 a. 233; 1997 a. 237; 1999 a. 83; 2013 a. 20.

77.62 Cross-reference Cross-reference: See s. 73.03 (27) for provision as to writing off uncollectible sales and use taxes.

77.63 77.63 Collection compensation. The following persons may retain a portion of sales and use taxes collected on retail sales under this subchapter and subch. V in an amount determined by the department and by contracts that the department enters into jointly with other states as a member state of the streamlined sales tax governing board pursuant to the agreement, as defined in s. 77.65 (2) (a):

77.63(1) (1) A certified service provider.

77.63(2) (2) A seller that uses a certified automated system, as defined in s. 77.524 (1) (am).

77.63(3) (3) A seller that sells tangible personal property, or items, property, or goods under s. 77.52 (1) (b), (c), or (d), or taxable services in at least 5 states that are signatories to the agreement, as defined in s. 77.65 (2) (a); that has total annual sales revenue of at least $500,000,000; that has a proprietary system that calculates the amount of tax owed to each taxing jurisdiction in which the seller sells tangible personal property, or items, property, or goods under s. 77.52 (1) (b), (c), or (d), or taxable services; and that has entered into a performance agreement with the states that are signatories to the agreement, as defined in s. 77.65 (2) (a). For purposes of this subsection, “seller” includes an affiliated group of sellers using the same proprietary system to calculate the amount of tax owed in each taxing jurisdiction in which the sellers sell tangible personal property, or items, property, or goods under s. 77.52 (1) (b), (c), or (d), or taxable services.

77.63 History History: 2009 a. 2.

77.65 77.65 Uniform sales and use tax administration.

77.65(1) (1) Short title. This section shall be known as the “Uniform Sales and Use Tax Administration Act.”

77.65(2) (2) Definitions. In this section:

77.65(2)(a) (a) “Agreement” means the streamlined sales and use tax agreement, including amendments to the agreement.

77.65(2)(b) (b) “Department” means the department of revenue.

77.65(2)(d) (d) “Sales tax” means the tax imposed under ss. 77.52, 77.57, and 77.71 (1).

77.65(2)(e) (e) “Seller” means any person who sells, licenses, leases, or rents tangible personal property, or items, property, or goods under s. 77.52 (1) (b), (c), or (d), or services.

77.65(2)(f) (f) “State” means any state of the United States, the District of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.

77.65(2)(g) (g) “Use tax” means the tax imposed under ss. 77.53 and 77.71 (2), (3), (4), and (5).

77.65(3) (3) Department authority. The department may enter into the agreement to simplify and modernize sales tax and use tax administration in order to substantially reduce the tax compliance burden for all sellers and for all types of commerce. The department may act jointly with other states that are signatories to the agreement to establish standards for the certification of a certified service provider and certified automated system and to establish performance standards for multistate sellers. The department may promulgate rules to administer this section, may procure jointly with other states that are signatories to the agreement goods and services in furtherance of the agreement, and may take other actions reasonably required to implement this section. The secretary of revenue or the secretary’s designee may represent this state before the states that are signatories to the agreement.

77.65(4) (4) Agreement requirements. The department may not enter into the agreement unless the agreement requires that a state that is a signatory to the agreement do all of the following:

77.65(4)(a) (a) Limit the number of state sales and use tax rates.

77.65(4)(b) (b) Limit the application of any maximums on the amount of state sales and use tax that is due on a transaction.

77.65(4)(c) (c) Limit thresholds on the application of sales and use tax.

77.65(4)(d) (d) Establish uniform standards for the sourcing of transactions to the appropriate taxing jurisdictions, for administering exempt sales, and for sales and use tax returns and remittances.

77.65(4)(e) (e) Develop and adopt uniform definitions related to sales and use tax.

77.65(4)(f) (f) Provide, with all states that are signatories to the agreement, a central electronic registration system that allows a seller to register to collect and remit sales and use taxes for all states that are signatories to the agreement.

77.65(4)(fm) (fm) Provide that a seller who registers with the central electronic registration system under par. (f) may cancel the registration at any time, as provided under uniform procedures adopted by the governing board of the states that are signatories to the agreement, but is required to remit any Wisconsin taxes collected pursuant to the agreement to the department.

77.65(4)(g) (g) Provide that the state shall not use a seller’s registration with the central electronic registration system under par. (f), and the subsequent collection and remittance of sales and use taxes in the states that are signatories to the agreement, to determine whether the seller has sufficient connection with the state for the purpose of imposing any tax.

77.65(4)(h) (h) Restrict variances between the state tax bases and local tax bases.

77.65(4)(i) (i) Administer all sales and use taxes imposed by local jurisdictions within the state so that sellers who collect and remit such taxes are not required to register with, or submit returns or taxes to, local jurisdictions and are not subject to audits by local jurisdictions.

77.65(4)(j) (j) Restrict the frequency of changes in any local sales and use tax rates and provide notice of any such changes.

77.65(4)(k) (k) Establish effective dates for the application of local jurisdictional boundary changes to local sales and use tax rates and provide notice of any such changes.

77.65(4)(L) (L) Provide monetary allowances to sellers and certified service providers as outlined in the agreement.

77.65(4)(m) (m) Certify compliance with the agreement before entering into the agreement and maintain compliance with the agreement.

77.65(4)(n) (n) Adopt a uniform policy, with the states that are signatories to the agreement, for certified service providers that protects a consumer’s privacy and maintains tax information confidentiality.

77.65(4)(o) (o) Appoint, with the states that are signatories to the agreement, an advisory council to consult with in administering the agreement. The advisory council shall consist of private sector representatives and representatives from states that are not signatories to the agreement.

77.65(5) (5) Cooperating states. The agreement entered into under this section is an accord among cooperating states to further their governmental functions and provides a mechanism among the cooperating states to establish and maintain a cooperative, simplified system for the application and administration of sales and use taxes that are imposed by each state that is a signatory to the agreement.

77.65(6) (6) Limited binding and beneficial effect.

77.65(6)(a) (a) The agreement entered into under this section binds, and inures to the benefit of, only the states that are signatories to the agreement. Any benefit that a person may receive from the agreement is established by this state’s law and not by the terms of the agreement.

77.65(6)(b) (b) No person shall have any cause of action or defense under the agreement or because of the department entering into the agreement. No person may challenge any action or inaction by any department, agency, other instrumentality of this state, or any political subdivision of this state on the ground that the action or inaction is inconsistent with the agreement.

77.65(6)(c) (c) No law of this state, or the application of such law, may be declared invalid on the ground that the law, or the application of such law, is inconsistent with the agreement.

77.65(7) (7) Relationship to state law. No provision of the agreement in whole or in part invalidates or amends any law of this state and the state becoming a signatory to the agreement shall not amend or modify any law of this state.

77.65 History History: 2001 a. 16; 2009 a. 2; 2015 a. 216.

77.66 77.66 Certification for collection of sales and use tax. The secretary of revenue shall determine and periodically certify to the secretary of administration the names of persons, and affiliates, as defined in s. 16.70 (1b), of persons, who make sales of tangible personal property, or items, property, or goods under s. 77.52 (1) (b), (c), or (d), and taxable services that are subject to the taxes imposed under this subchapter but who are not registered to collect and remit such taxes to the department or, if registered, do not collect and remit such taxes.

77.66 History History: 2003 a. 33; 2009 a. 2.

77.67 77.67 Amnesty for new registrants.

77.67(1) (1) A seller is not liable for uncollected and unpaid taxes, including penalties and interest, imposed under this subchapter and subch. V on sales made to purchasers in this state before the seller registers under par. (a), if all of the following apply:

77.67(1)(a) (a) The seller registers with the department, in a manner that the department prescribes, to collect and remit the taxes imposed under this subchapter and subch. V on sales to purchasers in this state in accordance with the agreement, as defined in s. 77.65 (2) (a).

77.67(1)(b) (b) The seller registers under par. (a) no later than 365 days after the effective date of this state’s participation in the agreement under s. 77.65 (2) (a), as determined by the department.

77.67(1)(c) (c) The seller was not registered to collect and remit the taxes imposed under this subchapter and subch. V during the 365 consecutive days immediately before the effective date of this state’s participation in the agreement under s. 77.65 (2) (a), as determined by the department.

77.67(1)(d) (d) The seller has not received a notice of the commencement of an audit from the department or, if the seller has received a notice of the commencement of an audit from the department, the audit has been fully resolved, including any related administrative and judicial processes, at the time that the seller registers under par. (a).

77.67(1)(e) (e) The seller has not committed or been involved in a fraud or an intentional misrepresentation of a material fact.

77.67(1)(f) (f) The seller collects and remits the taxes imposed under this subchapter and subch. V on sales to purchasers in this state for at least 3 consecutive years after the date on which the seller’s collection obligation begins.

77.67(2) (2) Subsection (1) does not apply to taxes imposed under this subchapter and subch. V that are due from the seller for purchases made by the seller.

77.67 History History: 2009 a. 2.