Chapter 701

701.1123(5) (5) If, to obtain an estate or gift tax marital deduction for an interest in a trust, a trustee must allocate more of a payment to income than provided for by this section, the trustee shall allocate to income the additional amount necessary to obtain the marital deduction.

701.1123(6) (6) This section does not apply to a payment to which s. 701.1124 applies.

701.1123 History History: 2013 a. 92 ss. 182, 183, 264, 266 to 270.

701.1124 701.1124 Liquidating asset.

701.1124(1) (1) In this section, “liquidating asset” means an asset whose value will diminish or terminate because the asset is expected to produce receipts for a period of limited duration. The term includes a leasehold, patent, copyright, royalty right, and right to receive payments during a period of more than one year under an arrangement that does not provide for the payment of interest on the unpaid balance. The term does not include a payment subject to s. 701.1123, resources subject to s. 701.1125, timber subject to s. 701.1126, an activity subject to s. 701.1128, an asset subject to s. 701.1129, or any asset for which the trustee establishes a reserve for depreciation under s. 701.1132.

701.1124(2) (2) A trustee shall allocate to income 10 percent of the receipts from a liquidating asset and the balance to principal.

701.1124 History History: 2013 a. 92 s. 271.

701.1125 701.1125 Minerals, water, and other natural resources.

701.1125(1) (1) To the extent that a trustee accounts for receipts from an interest in minerals or other natural resources in accordance with this section, the trustee shall allocate them as follows:

701.1125(1)(a) (a) If received as nominal delay rental or nominal annual rent on a lease, a receipt must be allocated to income.

701.1125(1)(b) (b) If received from a production payment, a receipt must be allocated to income if and to the extent that the agreement creating the production payment provides a factor for interest or its equivalent. The balance must be allocated to principal.

701.1125(1)(c) (c) If an amount received as a royalty, shut-in-well payment, take-or-pay payment, bonus, or delay rental is more than nominal, 90 percent must be allocated to principal and the balance to income.

701.1125(1)(d) (d) If an amount is received from a working interest or any other interest not provided for in par. (a), (b), or (c), 90 percent of the net amount received must be allocated to principal and the balance to income.

701.1125(2) (2) An amount received on account of an interest in water that is renewable must be allocated to income. If the water is not renewable, 90 percent of the amount must be allocated to principal and the balance to income.

701.1125(3) (3) This section applies whether or not a decedent or donor was extracting minerals, water, or other natural resources before the interest became subject to the trust.

701.1125(4) (4) If a trust owns an interest in minerals, water, or other natural resources on May 17, 2005, the trustee may allocate receipts from the interest as provided in this section or in the manner used by the trustee before May 17, 2005. If the trust acquires an interest in minerals, water, or other natural resources after May 17, 2005, the trustee shall allocate receipts from the interest as provided in this section.

701.1125 History History: 2013 a. 92 s. 272.

701.1126 701.1126 Timber.

701.1126(1) (1) To the extent that a trustee accounts for receipts from the sale of timber and related products in accordance with this section, the trustee shall allocate the net receipts:

701.1126(1)(a) (a) To income to the extent that the amount of timber removed from the land does not exceed the rate of growth of the timber during the accounting periods in which a beneficiary has a mandatory income interest.

701.1126(1)(b) (b) To principal to the extent that the amount of timber removed from the land exceeds the rate of growth of the timber or the net receipts are from the sale of standing timber.

701.1126(1)(c) (c) To income or principal or between income and principal if the net receipts are from the lease of timberland or from a contract to cut timber from land owned by a trust, by determining the amount of timber removed from the land under the lease or contract and applying the rules in pars. (a) and (b).

701.1126(1)(d) (d) To principal to the extent that advance payments, bonuses, and other payments are not allocated under par. (a), (b), or (c).

701.1126(2) (2) In determining net receipts to be allocated under sub. (1), a trustee shall deduct and transfer to principal a reasonable amount for depletion.

701.1126(3) (3) This section applies whether or not a decedent or transferor was harvesting timber from the property before it became subject to the trust.

701.1126(4) (4) If a trust owns an interest in timberland on May 17, 2005, the trustee may allocate net receipts from the sale of timber and related products as provided in this section or in the manner used by the trustee before May 17, 2005. If the trust acquires an interest in timberland after May 17, 2005, the trustee shall allocate net receipts from the sale of timber and related products as provided in this section.

701.1126 History History: 2013 a. 92 ss. 184, 274.

701.1127 701.1127 Property not productive of income.

701.1127(1) (1) If a marital deduction is allowed for all or part of a trust whose assets consist substantially of property that does not provide the surviving spouse with sufficient income from or use of the trust assets, and if the amounts that the trustee transfers from principal to income under s. 701.1104 and distributes to the spouse from principal in accordance with the terms of the trust are insufficient to provide the spouse with the beneficial enjoyment required to obtain the marital deduction, the spouse may require the trustee to make property productive of income, convert property within a reasonable time, or exercise the power conferred by s. 701.1104 (1). The trustee may decide which action or combination of actions to take.

701.1127(2) (2) In cases not governed by sub. (1), proceeds from the sale or other disposition of an asset are principal without regard to the amount of income the asset produces during any accounting period.

701.1127 History History: 2013 a. 92 s. 275.

701.1128 701.1128 Derivatives and options.

701.1128(1) (1) In this section, “derivative” means a contract or financial instrument or a combination of contracts and financial instruments that gives a trust the right or obligation to participate in some or all changes in the price of a tangible or intangible asset or group of assets, or changes in a rate, an index of prices or rates, or another market indicator for an asset or a group of assets.

701.1128(2) (2) To the extent that a trustee does not account under s. 701.1117 for transactions in derivatives, the trustee shall allocate to principal receipts from and disbursements made in connection with those transactions.

701.1128(3) (3) If a trustee grants an option to buy property from the trust, whether or not the trust owns the property when the option is granted, grants an option that permits another person to sell property to the trust, or acquires an option to buy property for the trust or an option to sell an asset owned by the trust, and the trustee or other owner of the asset is required to deliver the asset if the option is exercised, an amount received for granting the option must be allocated to principal. An amount paid to acquire the option must be paid from principal. A gain or loss realized upon the exercise of an option, including an option granted to a settlor of the trust for services rendered, must be allocated to principal.

701.1128 History History: 2013 a. 92 s. 276.

701.1129 701.1129 Asset-backed securities.

701.1129(1) (1) In this section, “asset-backed security” means an asset whose value is based upon the right it gives the owner to receive distributions from the proceeds of financial assets that provide collateral for the security. The term includes an asset that gives the owner the right to receive from the collateral financial assets only the interest or other current return or only the proceeds other than interest or current return. The term does not include an asset to which s. 701.1115 or 701.1123 applies.

701.1129(2) (2) If a trust receives a payment from interest or other current return and from other proceeds of the collateral financial assets, the trustee shall allocate to income the portion of the payment that the payer identifies as being from interest or other current return and shall allocate the balance of the payment to principal.

701.1129(3) (3) If a trust receives one or more payments in exchange for the trust’s entire interest in an asset-backed security in one accounting period, the trustee shall allocate the payments to principal. If a payment is one of a series of payments that will result in the liquidation of the trust’s interest in the security over more than one accounting period, the trustee shall allocate 10 percent of the payment to income and the balance to principal.

701.1129 History History: 2013 a. 92 s. 277.

701.1130 701.1130 Disbursements from income. A trustee shall make the following disbursements from income to the extent that they are not disbursements specified in s. 701.1110 (2) (b) or (c):

701.1130(1) (1) One-half of the regular compensation of the trustee and of any person providing investment advisory or custodial services to the trustee.

701.1130(2) (2) One-half of all expenses for accountings, judicial proceedings, or other matters that involve both the income and remainder interests.

701.1130(3) (3) All of the other ordinary expenses incurred in connection with the administration, management, or preservation of trust property and the distribution of income, including interest, ordinary repairs, regularly recurring taxes assessed against principal, and expenses of a proceeding or other matter that concerns primarily the income interest.

701.1130(4) (4) Recurring premiums on insurance covering the loss of a principal asset or the loss of income from or use of the asset.

701.1130 History History: 2013 a. 92 s. 278.

701.1131 701.1131 Disbursements from principal.

701.1131(1) (1) A trustee shall make the following disbursements from principal:

701.1131(1)(a) (a) The remaining one-half of the disbursements described in s. 701.1130 (1) and (2).

701.1131(1)(b) (b) All of the trustee’s compensation calculated on principal as a fee for acceptance, distribution, or termination, and disbursements made to prepare property for sale.

701.1131(1)(c) (c) Payments on the principal of a trust debt.

701.1131(1)(d) (d) Expenses of a proceeding that concerns primarily principal, including a proceeding to construe the trust or to protect the trust or its property.

701.1131(1)(e) (e) Premiums paid on a policy of insurance not described in s. 701.1130 (4) of which the trust is the owner and beneficiary.

701.1131(1)(f) (f) Estate, inheritance, and other transfer taxes, including penalties, apportioned to the trust.

701.1131(1)(g) (g) Disbursements related to environmental matters, including reclamation, assessing environmental conditions, remedying and removing environmental contamination, monitoring remedial activities and the release of substances, preventing future releases of substances, collecting amounts from persons liable or potentially liable for the costs of those activities, penalties imposed under environmental law and other payments made to comply with environmental law, statutory or common law claims by 3rd parties, and defending claims based on environmental matters.

701.1131(2) (2) If a principal asset is encumbered with an obligation that requires income from that asset to be paid directly to the creditor, the trustee shall transfer from principal to income an amount equal to the income paid to the creditor in reduction of the principal balance of the obligation.

701.1131 History History: 2013 a. 92 s. 279.

701.1132 701.1132 Transfers from income to principal for depreciation.

701.1132(1) (1) In this section, “depreciation” means a reduction in value due to wear, tear, decay, corrosion, or gradual obsolescence of a fixed asset having a useful life of more than one year.

701.1132(2) (2) A trustee may transfer to principal a reasonable amount of the net cash receipts from a principal asset that is subject to depreciation, but may not transfer any amount for depreciation:

701.1132(2)(a) (a) Of that portion of real property used or available for use by a beneficiary as a residence or of tangible personal property held or made available for the personal use or enjoyment of a beneficiary.

701.1132(2)(b) (b) During the administration of a decedent’s estate.

701.1132(2)(c) (c) Under this section if the trustee is accounting under s. 701.1117 for the business or activity in which the asset is used.

701.1132(3) (3) An amount transferred to principal need not be held as a separate fund.

701.1132 History History: 2013 a. 92 s. 280.

701.1133 701.1133 Transfers from income to reimburse principal.

701.1133(1) (1) If a trustee makes or expects to make a principal disbursement described in this section, the trustee may transfer an appropriate amount from income to principal in one or more accounting periods to reimburse principal or to provide a reserve for future principal disbursements.

701.1133(2) (2) Principal disbursements to which sub. (1) applies include the following, but only to the extent that the trustee has not been and does not expect to be reimbursed by a 3rd party:

701.1133(2)(a) (a) An amount chargeable to income but paid from principal because it is unusually large, including extraordinary repairs.

701.1133(2)(b) (b) A capital improvement to a principal asset, whether in the form of changes to an existing asset or the construction of a new asset, including special assessments.

701.1133(2)(c) (c) Disbursements made to prepare property for rental, including tenant allowances, leasehold improvements, and brokers’ commissions.

701.1133(2)(d) (d) Periodic payments on an obligation secured by a principal asset to the extent that the amount transferred from income to principal for depreciation is less than the periodic payments.

701.1133(2)(e) (e) Disbursements described in s. 701.1131 (1) (g).

701.1133(3) (3) If the asset whose ownership gives rise to the disbursements becomes subject to a successive income interest after an income interest ends, a trustee may continue to transfer amounts from income to principal as provided in sub. (1).

701.1133 History History: 2013 a. 92 s. 281.

701.1134 701.1134 Income taxes.

701.1134(1) (1) A tax required to be paid by a trustee based on receipts allocated to income must be paid from income.

701.1134(2) (2) A tax required to be paid by a trustee based on receipts allocated to principal must be paid from principal, even if the tax is called an income tax by the taxing authority.

701.1134(3) (3) A tax required to be paid by a trustee on the trust’s share of an entity’s taxable income must be paid as follows:

701.1134(3)(a) (a) From income to the extent that receipts from the entity are allocated only to income.

701.1134(3)(b) (b) From principal to the extent that receipts from the entity are allocated only to principal.

701.1134(3)(c) (c) Proportionately from principal and income to the extent that receipts from the entity are allocated to both income and principal.

701.1134(3)(d) (d) From principal to the extent that the tax exceeds the total receipts from the entity.

701.1134(4) (4) After applying subs. (1) to (3), the trustee shall adjust income or principal receipts to the extent that the trust’s taxes are reduced because the trust receives a deduction for payments made to a beneficiary.

701.1134 History History: 2013 a. 92 ss. 185, 282 to 287.

701.1135 701.1135 Adjustments between principal and income because of taxes.

701.1135(1) (1) A fiduciary may make adjustments between principal and income to offset the shifting of economic interests or tax benefits between income beneficiaries and remainder beneficiaries which arise from:

701.1135(1)(a) (a) Elections and decisions, other than those described in sub. (2), that the fiduciary makes from time to time regarding tax matters.