Chapter 49

49.45(6c)(a)7. 7. “Mental illness” has the meaning given in 42 USC 1396r (e).

49.45(6c)(b) (b) Preadmission screening. Except as provided in par. (e), every individual who applies for admission to a facility or to an institution for mental diseases shall be screened to determine if the individual has developmental disability or mental illness. The department or an entity to which the department has delegated authority shall screen every individual who has been identified as having a developmental disability or mental illness to determine if the individual needs facility care. If the individual is determined to need facility care, the department or an entity to which the department has delegated authority shall also assess the individual to determine if he or she requires active treatment for developmental disability or active treatment for mental illness. If the department or entity determines that the individual requires active treatment for developmental disability, the department or entity shall determine whether the level of care required by the individual that is provided by a facility could be provided safely in an intermediate facility or under a plan that is developed under s. 46.279 (4).

49.45(6c)(c) (c) Resident review. Except as provided in par. (e), the department or an entity to which the department has delegated authority shall review every resident of a facility or institution for mental diseases who has a developmental disability or mental illness and who has experienced a significant change in his or her physical or mental condition to determine all of the following:

49.45(6c)(c)1. 1. Whether the resident needs facility care.

49.45(6c)(c)2. 2. Whether the resident requires active treatment for developmental disability or active treatment for mental illness.

49.45(6c)(c)3. 3. If the department or entity determines under subd. 1. that the resident needs facility care and under subd. 2. that the resident requires active treatment for developmental disability, whether the level of care required by the resident that is provided by a facility could be provided safely in an intermediate facility or under a plan that is developed under s. 46.279 (4).

49.45(6c)(d) (d) Payment for facility care.

49.45(6c)(d)1. 1. No payment may be made under sub. (6m) to a facility or to an institution for mental diseases for the care of an individual who is otherwise eligible for medical assistance under s. 49.46, 49.47, or 49.471, who has developmental disability or mental illness and for whom under par. (b) or (c) it is determined that he or she does not need facility care, unless it is determined that the individual requires active treatment for developmental disability or active treatment for mental illness and has continuously resided in a facility or institution for mental diseases for at least 30 months prior to the date of the determination. If that individual requires active treatment and has so continuously resided, he or she shall be offered the choice of receiving active treatment for developmental disability or active treatment for mental illness in the facility or institution for mental diseases or in an alternative setting. A facility resident who has developmental disability or mental illness, for whom under par. (c) it is determined that he or she does not need facility care and who has not continuously resided in a facility for at least 30 months prior to the date of the determination, may not continue to reside in the facility after December 31, 1993, and shall, if the department so determines, be relocated from the facility after March 31, 1990, and before December 31, 1993. The county department shall be responsible for securing alternative residence on behalf of an individual who is required to be relocated from a facility under this subdivision, and the facility shall cooperate with the county department in the relocation.

49.45(6c)(d)2. 2. Payment may be made under sub. (6m) to a facility or institution for mental diseases for the care of an individual who is otherwise eligible for medical assistance under s. 49.46, 49.47, or 49.471 and who has developmental disability or mental illness and is determined under par. (b) or (c) to need facility care, regardless of whether it is determined under par. (b) or (c) that the individual does or does not require active treatment for developmental disability or active treatment for mental illness.

49.45(6c)(e) (e) Exceptions.

49.45(6c)(e)1. 1. Payment under sub. (6m) may be made to a facility and no screening under par. (b) or review under par. (c) is required for an individual who is medically diagnosed as having developmental disability or mental illness, and who is not a danger to himself or herself or to others, if, immediately after release from a hospital, the individual enters the facility, as part of a medically prescribed period of recovery, for a period not to exceed 30 days and the admission is approved by the department or an entity to which the department has delegated authority.

49.45(6c)(e)2. 2. Payment under sub. (6m) may be made to a facility or institution for mental diseases for an individual who is 65 years of age or older, is medically diagnosed as having developmental disability or mental illness, is not a danger to himself or herself or to others and is competent to make an independent decision, if, following screening under par. (b) or review under par. (c), all of the following apply:

49.45(6c)(e)2.a. a. It is determined that the individual needs facility care and requires active treatment for developmental disability or active treatment for mental illness.

49.45(6c)(e)2.b. b. The individual chooses not to participate in active treatment.

49.45(6c)(f) (f) Hearing. An individual for whom admission to a facility or institution for mental diseases is denied under par. (b) or for whom a determination under par. (c) results in prohibition of payment to a facility or institution for mental diseases under par. (d) and relocation from the facility to a facility or institution for mental diseases may request a hearing from the department.

49.45(6c)(g) (g) Rule making. The department shall promulgate all of the following rules:

49.45(6c)(g)1. 1. Establishing criteria and procedures for a determination by the department under par. (d) that a resident be relocated from a facility after March 31, 1990, and before December 31, 1993.

49.45(6c)(g)2. 2. Establishing standards for the conduct of hearings under par. (f).

49.45(6h) (6h) Liability for disallowances. If the department or the federal health care financing administration finds a skilled nursing facility or intermediate care facility in this state that provides care to medical assistance recipients for which the facility receives reimbursement under sub. (6m) to be an institution for mental diseases, the facility shall be liable for any retroactive federal medicaid disallowances for services provided after the date of the finding.

49.45(6j) (6j) Limitation on certain facility coverage. The department shall determine, under a method devised by the department, the average population during the period from January 1, 1987, to June 30, 1988, of persons in each skilled nursing facility or an intermediate care facility who are mentally ill and are aged 21 to 64, except persons under 22 years of age who were receiving medical assistance services in the facility prior to reaching age 21 and continuously thereafter. Beginning July 1, 1988, the payment under sub. (6m) for services provided by a facility to persons who are mentally ill and are within the age limitations specified in this subsection may not exceed the payment for the average population of these persons in that facility, as determined by the department.

49.45(6m) (6m) Payment to facilities.

49.45(6m)(a) (a) In this subsection:

49.45(6m)(a)1. 1. “Active treatment” has the meaning specified in 42 USC 1396r (e) (7) (G) (iii).

49.45(6m)(a)2. 2. “Cost center” means a group of similar facility expenses.

49.45(6m)(a)3. 3. “Facility” means a nursing home or a community-based residential facility that is licensed under s. 50.03 and that is certified by the department as a provider of medical assistance.

49.45(6m)(a)5. 5. “Nursing home” has the meaning given under s. 50.01 (3).

49.45(6m)(a)6. 6. “Resource Utilization Groupings” means a comparative resource utilization grouping that classifies each facility resident based on information obtained from performing, for the resident, a minimum data set assessment developed by the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.

49.45(6m)(ag) (ag) Payment for care provided in a facility under this subsection made under s. 20.435 (4) (b), (gm), (o), (pa), or (w) shall, except as provided in pars. (bg), (bm), and (br), be determined according to a prospective payment system updated annually by the department. The payment system shall implement standards that are necessary and proper for providing patient care and that meet quality and safety standards established under subch. II of ch. 50 and ch. 150. The payment system shall reflect all of the following:

49.45(6m)(ag)1. 1. A prudent buyer approach to payment for services, under which a reasonable price recognizing selected factors that influence costs is paid for service that is of acceptable quality.

49.45(6m)(ag)2. 2. Except as provided in subd. 3r., standards established by the department that shall be based upon allowable costs incurred by facilities in the state as available from information submitted under par. (c) 3. and compiled by the department.

49.45(6m)(ag)3m. 3m. For each state fiscal year, rates that shall be set by the department based on information from cost reports for costs specified under par. (am) 1. bm., 4., 5m., and 6. for the most recently completed fiscal year of the facility.

49.45(6m)(ag)3p. 3p. For all costs specified under par. (am) 1. bm., an acuity-based payment rate system to which all of the following applies:

49.45(6m)(ag)3p.a. a. The system may incorporate acuity measurements under the most recent Resource Utilization Groupings methodology to determine factors for case-mix adjustment.

49.45(6m)(ag)3p.b. b. Four times annually, for each facility resident who is a Medical Assistance recipient on March 31, June 30, September 30, or December 31, as applicable, the system shall determine the average case-mix index by use of the factors specified under subd. 3p. a.

49.45(6m)(ag)3p.c. c. The system shall incorporate payment adjustments for dementia, behavioral needs, or other complex medical conditions.

49.45(6m)(ag)3p.d. d. The system may include incentives for providing high quality of care.

49.45(6m)(ag)3r. 3r. Flat-rate payment for all costs specified under par. (am) 1. a. and 2.

49.45(6m)(ag)5. 5. Consideration for special needs of facility residents.

49.45(6m)(ag)6. 6. Standards for capital payment that will be based upon replacement value of a facility as determined by a commercial estimator with which the department contracts and criteria and limitations as determined by the department.

49.45(6m)(ag)7. 7. Assurance of an acceptable quality of care for all medical assistance recipients provided nursing home care.

49.45(6m)(am) (am) In determining payments for a facility under the payment system in par. (ag), the department shall consider all of the following cost centers:

49.45(6m)(am)1. 1. Allowable direct care costs, including, if provided, any of the following:

49.45(6m)(am)1.a. a. Personal comfort supplies; medical supplies; over-the-counter drugs; and nonbillable services of a ward clerk, activity person, recreation person, social worker, volunteer coordinator, teacher for residents aged 22 and older, vocational counselor for residents aged 22 and older, religious person, therapy aide, therapy assistant, and counselor on resident living.

49.45(6m)(am)1.bm. bm. Nonbillable services of a registered nurse, licensed practical nurse, and nurse aide.

49.45(6m)(am)2. 2. Allowable support service costs, including the following allowable facility expenses:

49.45(6m)(am)2.a. a. Dietary service for the provision of meals to facility residents.

49.45(6m)(am)2.b. b. Environmental service for the provision of maintenance, housekeeping, laundry and security service.

49.45(6m)(am)2.c. c. Allowable fuel and utility costs, including the facility expenses that the department determines are allowable for the provision of electrical service, water and sewer services, and heat.

49.45(6m)(am)2.d. d. Allowable administrative and general costs, including costs related to the facility’s overall management and administration and allowable expenses that are not recognized or reimbursed in other cost centers and including the costs of commercial estimators approved by the department under par. (ar) 6.

49.45(6m)(am)4. 4. Property tax or municipal service costs paid by the owner of the facility for the facility.

49.45(6m)(am)5m. 5m. Allowable interest expense of the facility, less interest income of the facility and less interest income of affiliated entities, to the extent required under the approved state plan for services under 42 USC 1396.

49.45(6m)(am)6. 6. Capital payment necessary for the provision of service over time, including allowable facility expenses for suitable space, furnishings, property insurance and movable equipment for patient care.

49.45(6m)(ap) (ap) If the bed occupancy of a nursing home is below the minimum patient day occupancy standards that are established by the department under par. (ar) (intro.), the department may approve a request by the nursing home to delicense any of the nursing home’s licensed beds. If the department approves the nursing home’s request, all of the following apply:

49.45(6m)(ap)1. 1. The department shall delicense the number of beds in accordance with the nursing home’s request.

49.45(6m)(ap)2. 2. The department may not include the number of beds of the nursing home that the department delicenses under this paragraph in determining the costs per patient day under the minimum patient day occupancy standards under par. (ar).

49.45(6m)(ap)3. 3. The nursing home may not use or sell a bed that is delicensed under this paragraph.

49.45(6m)(ap)4. 4.

49.45(6m)(ap)4.a. a. Every 12 months following the delicensure of a bed under this paragraph, for which a nursing home has not resumed licensure under subd. 5., the department shall reduce the licensed bed capacity of the nursing home by 10 percent of all of the nursing home’s beds that remain delicensed under this paragraph or by 25 percent of one bed, whichever is greater. The department shall reduce the statewide maximum number of licensed nursing home beds under s. 150.31 (1) (intro.) by the number or portion of a number of beds by which the nursing home’s licensed bed capacity is reduced under this subdivision.

49.45(6m)(ap)4.b. b. Subdivision 4. a. does not apply with respect to the delicensure of beds between October 14, 1997, and the date that is 60 days after October 14, 1997, during the period of any contract entered into by a nursing home prior to January 1, 1997, if the contract requires the nursing home to maintain its current licensed bed capacity.

49.45(6m)(ap)5. 5. A nursing home retains the right to resume licensure of a bed of the nursing home that was delicensed under this paragraph unless the licensed bed capacity of the nursing home has been reduced by that bed under subd. 4. The nursing home may not resume licensure of a fraction of a bed. The nursing home may resume licensure 18 months after the nursing home notifies the department in writing that the nursing home intends to resume the licensure. If a nursing home resumes licensure of a bed under this subdivision, subd. 2. does not apply with respect to that bed.

49.45(6m)(ap)6. 6. If subd. 4. b. applies and the nursing home later resumes licensure of a bed that was delicensed between October 14, 1997, and the date that is 60 days after October 14, 1997, the department shall calculate the costs per patient day using the methodology specified in the state plan that is in place at the time that the delicensed beds are resumed.

49.45(6m)(ar) (ar) In determining payments for a facility under par. (ag), the department may establish minimum patient day occupancy standards for determining costs per patient day and shall apply the following methods to calculate amounts payable for the rate year for the cost centers described under par. (am):

49.45(6m)(ar)1. 1. For direct care costs:

49.45(6m)(ar)1.a. a. The department shall establish standards for payment of allowable direct care costs under par. (am) 1. bm., for facilities that do not primarily serve the developmentally disabled, that take into account direct care costs for a sample of all of those facilities in this state and separate standards for payment of allowable direct care costs, for facilities that primarily serve the developmentally disabled, that take into account direct care costs for a sample of all of those facilities in this state. The standards shall be adjusted by the department for regional labor cost variations. The department shall treat as a single labor region the counties of Dane, Dodge, Iowa, Columbia, Richland, Sauk, and Rock and shall adjust payment so that the direct care cost targets of facilities in Dane, Iowa, Columbia, and Sauk counties are not reduced as a result of including facilities in Dodge, Richland, and Rock Counties in this labor region. For facilities in Douglas, Dunn, Pierce, and St. Croix counties, the department shall perform the adjustment by use of the wage index that is used by the federal department of health and human services for hospital reimbursement under 42 USC 1395 to 1395ggg.

49.45(6m)(ar)1.b. b. The department shall establish the direct care component of the facility rate for each facility by comparing actual allowable direct care cost information of that facility adjusted for inflation to the standards established under subd. 1. a.

49.45(6m)(ar)1.c. c. If a facility has an approved program for provision of service to residents who have an intellectual disability, residents dependent upon ventilators, or residents requiring supplemental skilled care due to complex medical conditions, a supplement to the direct care component of the facility rate under subd. 1. b. may be made to that facility according to a method developed by the department.

49.45(6m)(ar)1.cm. cm. Funding distributed to facilities for the provision of active treatment to residents with a diagnosis of developmental disability shall be distributed in accordance with a method developed by the department which is consistent with a prudent buyer approach to payment for services.

49.45(6m)(ar)2. 2. For support service costs, the department shall establish one or more standards for the payment of support service costs that take into account support service costs for a sample of all facilities within the state.

49.45(6m)(ar)4. 4. For net property taxes or municipal services, payment shall be made for the amount of the previous calendar year’s tax or the amount of municipal service costs for a period specified by the department, subject to a maximum limit as determined by the department.

49.45(6m)(ar)6. 6. Capital payment shall be based on a replacement value for a facility. The replacement value shall be determined by a commercial estimator contracted for by the department and paid for by the facility. The replacement value shall be subject to limitations determined by the department.

49.45(6m)(av) (av) The department shall calculate a payment rate for a facility by applying the criteria set forth under pars. (ag) 1. to 5. and 7., (am) 1. bm., 4., 5m. and 6., and (ar) 1., 4., and 6. to information from cost reports submitted by the facility, as affected by any adjustment for ancillary services and materials under par. (b).

49.45(6m)(b) (b) The charges for ancillary materials and services that would be incurred by a prudent buyer may be included as an adjustment to the rate determined by par. (av) when so determined by the department. The department may not authorize any adjustments to the rate established under par. (av) to pay for a cost overrun that the department fails to approve under s. 150.11 (3). Ancillary materials and services for which payment may be made include, if provided, oxygen, medical transportation and laboratory and X-ray services. Payment for these services and materials shall not exceed medical assistance limitations for reimbursement of the services and materials. For services in a facility for which the department may make payment to a service provider other than a facility, the department may make payment to the facility but not in excess of the estimated amount of payment available if a separate service provider provided the service. The department may promulgate rules setting forth conditions of and limitations to this paragraph.

49.45(6m)(bg) (bg) The department shall determine payment levels for the provision of skilled, intermediate, limited, personal or residential care or care for individuals with an intellectual disability in the state centers for the developmentally disabled and in a Wisconsin veterans home operated by the department of veterans affairs under s. 45.50 separately from the payment principles, applicable costs and methods established under this subsection.

49.45(6m)(bm) (bm) Except as provided in par. (bo), the department may establish payment methods for a facility for which any of the following applies:

49.45(6m)(bm)1. 1. The facility is newly constructed.

49.45(6m)(bm)2. 2. The total of licensed beds for the facility has significantly increased or decreased prior to calculation of its rate under the payment system.

49.45(6m)(bm)3. 3. The facility has undergone a change in certification or licensure level.

49.45(6m)(bm)5. 5. The facility has received approval or disapproval for provision of service to residents requiring supplemental skilled care due to complex medical conditions.

49.45(6m)(bm)6. 6. The facility has received approval or been disapproved for provision of service to residents who have any of the following:

49.45(6m)(bm)6.a. a. Brain injury, as defined in s. 51.01 (2g).

49.45(6m)(bm)6.b. b. A diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

49.45(6m)(bm)6.c. c. An HIV infection, as defined in s. 252.01 (2), and illness or injury associated with the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

49.45(6m)(bo) (bo) The department may establish payment methods for capital payment for a newly constructed facility that first provided services after June 30, 1984.

49.45(6m)(bp) (bp) Notwithstanding pars. (am) 6. and (ar) 6., the department may establish payment methods based on actual costs for capital payment for a facility to which, after December 31, 1982, any of the following applies:

49.45(6m)(bp)1. 1. The facility was constructed.

49.45(6m)(bp)2. 2. The facility was purchased.

49.45(6m)(bp)3. 3. The facility incurred annual remodeling costs of more than $600,000.

49.45(6m)(bp)4. 4. The facility incurred remodeling costs necessary to meet physical plant requirements under 42 USC 1396a (a) (13) (A).

49.45(6m)(br) (br) If the federal department of health and human services disallows use of the allocation of matching federal medical assistance funds under applicable federal acts or programs for the reduction of operation deficits under sub. (6u), all of the following apply: