Chapter 287

287.07(7)(h)1.a. a. Recycling of the material is not feasible or practical in light of current markets or available technologies.

287.07(7)(h)1.b. b. Granting the waiver or conditional waiver will not impede progress toward meeting the goals of the state solid waste policy under s. 287.05.

287.07(7)(h)2. 2. A waiver or conditional waiver under this paragraph shall continue in effect until one year after the department determines that a condition under subd. 1. a. or b. is no longer met.

287.07(7)(i) (i) The prohibitions in sub. (4) (c) and (i) do not apply if the packaging or container is processed at a pyrolysis facility, as defined in s. 289.01 (27m), or a gasification facility, as defined in s. 289.01 (9m).

287.07(8) (8) Medical waste source reduction policy.

287.07(8)(a) (a) A generator of medical waste that sends waste to a medical waste incinerator shall develop policies concerning reduction of medical waste, as defined in sub. (7) (c) 1. cg., including all of the following:

287.07(8)(a)1. 1. Education and training of staff.

287.07(8)(a)2. 2. Alternatives, including sterilization, to the use of disposable equipment.

287.07(8)(a)3. 3. An annual assessment of the medical waste source reduction policy.

287.07(8)(b) (b) The generator shall submit the source reduction policy and the annual assessment to the operator of the medical waste incinerator.

287.07(8)(c) (c) The operator of the medical waste incinerator shall retain a copy of the source reduction policy and the annual assessment and provide it to the department upon request. The department may analyze and disseminate the information that it obtains under this paragraph.

287.07(8)(d) (d) The department may charge a fee for the analysis of a source reduction policy and assessment.

287.07 History History: 1989 a. 335 ss. 66e, 76; 1991 a. 32, 269, 300; 1993 a. 245, 419; 1995 a. 27, 142; 1995 a. 227 s. 889; Stats. 1995 s. 287.07; 1997 a. 27; 2009 a. 50, 55, 86; 2011 a. 32, 152; 2013 a. 168; 2017 a. 284.

287.07 Note Note: The 7th circuit court of appeals in National Solid Waste Management Assn. v. Meyer, 165 F.3d 1151 (1999), held unconstitutional the requirement that out-of-state waste may not be disposed of in this state unless the originating community enacts an ordinance in compliance with Wisconsin’s recycling program.

287.07 Cross-reference Cross-reference: See also chs. NR 526 and 544, Wis. adm. code.

287.08 287.08 Yard waste bags. After December 31, 1990, no person may discharge, deposit, inject, dump or place in a solid waste facility that is for solid waste treatment or for solid waste storage yard waste that is in a bag unless the bag is constructed of a material that decomposes within a reasonable time after exposure to weather elements and is labeled as being so constructed.

287.08 History History: 1989 a. 335; 1995 a. 227 s. 890; Stats. 1995 s. 287.08.

287.09 287.09 Municipal and county duties and powers.

287.09(1) (1) Designation of responsible units.

287.09(1)(a) (a) Except as provided in pars. (b) to (d), each municipality is a responsible unit.

287.09(1)(b) (b) A county board of supervisors may adopt a resolution designating the county a responsible unit. Except as provided in pars. (c) and (d), a county that has adopted such a resolution is the responsible unit for the entire county.

287.09(1)(c) (c) Within 90 days after the county board of supervisors adopts a resolution under par. (b), the governing body of a municipality that is located in part or in whole in the county may adopt a resolution retaining the municipality’s status as a responsible unit.

287.09(1)(d) (d) The governing body of a responsible unit designated under par. (a), (b) or (c) may by contract under s. 66.0301 designate another unit of government, including a federally recognized Indian tribe or band in this state, or a solid waste management system created under s. 59.70 (2) to be the responsible unit in lieu of the responsible unit designated under par. (a), (b) or (c). The contract shall cover all functions required under sub. (2), including provisions for financing and enforcing the recycling or other solid waste management program.

287.09(1)(e) (e) The governing body of a county that adopts a resolution under par. (b) or enters into a contract under par. (d) shall submit a copy of the resolution or contract to the department and to the clerk of each municipality in the county, within 30 days after adoption of the resolution or the signing of the contract. The governing body of a municipality that adopts a resolution under par. (c) or enters into a contract under par. (d) shall submit a copy of the resolution or contract to the department and to the clerk of the county in which the municipality is located, within 30 days after adoption of the resolution or the signing of the contract.

287.09(2) (2) Duties. Each responsible unit shall do all of the following:

287.09(2)(a) (a) Develop and implement a recycling or other program to manage the solid waste generated within its region in compliance with s. 287.07 (1m) to (4) and the priorities under s. 287.05 (12).

287.09(2)(ar) (ar) Beginning on February 1, 2010, provide information to persons in its region about the prohibitions under s. 287.07 (5) (a), why it is important to recycle electronic devices, and opportunities available to those persons for recycling electronic devices.

287.09(2)(b) (b) Submit to the department by January 1, 1993, a report setting forth how the responsible unit intends to implement its program under par. (a), as it relates to the requirements of s. 287.07 (3) and (4). The report shall specify all of the following:

287.09(2)(b)1. 1. Whether the responsible unit or another person designated under sub. (3) (a) will implement each component of the program under par. (a).

287.09(2)(b)2. 2. The procedures or processes that the responsible unit intends to use to separate, collect, store, process and market solid waste or components of solid waste and to educate the public on the program.

287.09(2)(b)2m. 2m. The procedures or processes that the responsible unit intends to use to manage solid waste that is not separated for recovery or recycling, consistent with the priorities under s. 287.05 (12).

287.09(2)(b)3. 3. A schedule for the implementation of the program.

287.09(2)(c) (c) Provide information requested by the department on the status of the implementation of the program under par. (a).

287.09(3) (3) Powers. A responsible unit may do any of the following:

287.09(3)(a) (a) Designate one or more other persons to implement specific components of the program under sub. (2) (a), if the designated person consents to the designation.

287.09(3)(b) (b) Adopt an ordinance to enforce the program established under sub. (2) (a). The ordinance may include a schedule of forfeitures to be imposed for violations of that ordinance. The ordinance may authorize the responsible unit or person designated under par. (a) to refuse to accept solid waste at the recycling facility or site if the solid waste is a container for an industrial pesticide, as defined in s. 94.681 (1) (b), or a nonhousehold pesticide, as defined in s. 94.681 (1) (c), is contaminated or is otherwise in a condition that makes recycling infeasible. The ordinance may require a person to use a facility for the recycling of solid waste or for the recovery of resources from solid waste, as defined in s. 287.13 (1) (d), only as provided under s. 287.13.

287.09 History History: 1989 a. 335, 359; 1993 a. 116, 406; 1995 a. 201; 1995 a. 227 s. 891; Stats. 1995 s. 287.09; 1997 a. 27; 1999 a. 150 s. 672; 2009 a. 50.

287.09 Cross-reference Cross-reference: See also ch. NR 544, Wis. adm. code.

287.09 Annotation Section 59.07 (135) (L) [now s. 59.70 (2) (L)] authorizes counties that are “responsible units of government” under s. 159.01 [now s. 287.01] to levy taxes for capital and operating expenses incurred in the operation of the county’s recycling program only upon local governments that are not “responsible units of government.” Counties may levy taxes for both operating and capital expenses incurred in connection with any other form of solid waste management activity only on local governments participating in that activity. 80 Atty. Gen. 312.

287.09 Annotation Chapter 287 provides no authority for a local municipal member of a county responsible unit (RU) to leave the RU more than 90 days after the date that the RU was formed or for a county RU to dissolve. Neither the Department of Natural Resources nor county or local governments may establish such procedures through rulemaking or ordinance. An RU may, however, contract with other permissible entities for the handling of its waste management obligations pursuant to sub. (1) (d). OAG 8-14.

287.093 287.093 Lien of recycling fees.

287.093(1) (1) In this section:

287.093(1)(a) (a) “Recycling fee” means any of the following:

287.093(1)(a)1. 1. Any special assessment or special charge levied under any authority by a responsible unit for the purpose of complying with s. 287.09 (2).

287.093(1)(a)2. 2. Any charge made under any authority by any person acting under a contract with a responsible unit to provide a service required under s. 287.09 (2).

287.093(1)(b) (b) “Responsible unit” has the meaning given in s. 287.01 (9).

287.093(1)(c) (c) “Taxation district” has the meaning given in s. 74.01 (6).

287.093(2) (2) Any recycling fee which remains unpaid is a lien on the property against which it is levied or made on behalf of the responsible unit or person charging the recycling fee, from the date of the charge, to the same extent as a lien for a tax levied upon real property. Any unpaid recycling fee shall be certified to the taxation district in which the property is located, placed on the tax roll and collected as delinquent real property taxes are collected.

287.093(3) (3) The treasurer of the taxation district shall disburse to the proper responsible unit or person all collections of unpaid recycling fees which were placed upon the tax roll under sub. (2).

287.093(4) (4) Subsections (1) to (3) do not authorize a responsible unit to impose a restriction, tax or fee on packaging for a purpose relating to the disposal of the packaging.

287.093 History History: 1989 a. 335; 1991 a. 39; 1995 a. 227; 1999 a. 150 s. 538; Stats. 1999 s. 287.093.

287.095 287.095 Responsible unit liability.

287.095(1) (1) Definition. In this section, “responsible unit official” means any officer, official, agent or employee of a responsible unit engaged in the planning, management, operation or approval of a recycling program or recycling site or facility.

287.095(2) (2) Exemption from liability. No responsible unit official is liable for civil damages as a result of good faith actions taken by the responsible unit official within the scope of duties relating to the responsible unit’s recycling program or recycling site or facility.

287.095 History History: 1989 a. 335; 1995 a. 227 s. 892; Stats. 1995 s. 287.095.

287.10 287.10 Limit on local regulation. No responsible unit that accepts funds under s. 287.23 or county or municipality located within such a responsible unit may impose a restriction, except one that is consistent with this chapter or ch. 100, or a tax or fee on the sale or distribution of packaging for a purpose relating to the disposal of the packaging.

287.10 History History: 1989 a. 335; 1995 a. 227 s. 893; Stats. 1995 s. 287.10.

287.11 287.11 Effective recycling programs.

287.11(1) (1) Department review. Upon request of a responsible unit, the department shall review documentation of the responsible unit’s solid waste management program created under s. 287.09 (2) (a) and determine whether the program is an effective recycling program. The department shall complete its review and make a determination within 90 days after receiving the documentation.

287.11(2) (2) Effective program criteria for responsible units. A responsible unit’s solid waste management program is an effective recycling program if it includes all of the following:

287.11(2)(a) (a) A public education component to inform residents of the region of the reasons to recycle, local opportunities to recycle and the prohibitions in s. 287.07 (3) and (4).

287.11(2)(b) (b) A requirement that the occupants of single-family residences, buildings containing 2 or more dwelling units and commercial, retail, industrial and governmental facilities in the region separate the materials identified in s. 287.07 (3) and (4) from postconsumer waste generated in the region.

287.11(2)(c) (c) A requirement that owners of buildings containing 5 or more dwelling units in the region do all of the following:

287.11(2)(c)1. 1. Provide adequate, separate containers for the program established under par. (b).

287.11(2)(c)2. 2. Notify tenants at the time of renting or leasing the dwelling and semiannually thereafter of the programs under this paragraph and par. (b).

287.11(2)(c)3. 3. Provide for the collection of recyclable materials separated from solid waste by the tenants and the delivery of the recyclable materials to a recycling facility.

287.11(2)(d) (d) A requirement that owners of commercial, retail, industrial and governmental facilities in the region do all of the following:

287.11(2)(d)1. 1. Provide adequate, separate containers for the program established under par. (b).

287.11(2)(d)2. 2. Regularly notify all users and occupants of the facilities of the programs under this paragraph and par. (b).

287.11(2)(d)3. 3. Provide for the collection of recyclable materials separated from solid waste by the users and occupants and the delivery of the recyclable materials to a recycling facility.

287.11(2)(e) (e) A system for collecting from single-family residences in the region any materials separated pursuant to par. (b).

287.11(2)(em) (em) A system for the processing and marketing of recyclable materials collected by the responsible unit or by municipalities located in the responsible unit.

287.11(2)(er) (er) A prohibition on disposing of in a solid waste disposal facility or burning in a solid waste treatment facility any material identified under s. 287.07 (3) and (4) that is separated for recycling as part of the program.

287.11(2)(ew) (ew) Provisions for the management of postconsumer waste that is not separated for recycling or recovery under par. (b) consistent with the highest feasible priority under s. 287.05 (12).

287.11(2)(f) (f) Other provisions established by the department by rule.

287.11(2)(g) (g) Adequate enforcement of the programs established under pars. (b) to (f).

287.11(2)(h) (h) The equipment or means necessary to implement pars. (a), (b), (e), (em) and (g), including contracts for service, staff, supplies and equipment from vendors.

287.11(2)(i) (i) A reasonable effort, through the implementation of pars. (a) to (h), as applicable, to reduce to the maximum extent feasible the amount, by weight, of each material specified in s. 287.07 (3) and (4) that is generated as solid waste within the region and disposed of in a solid waste disposal facility or converted into fuel or burned without energy recovery in a solid waste treatment facility.

287.11(2m) (2m) Variance.

287.11(2m)(a) (a) In this subsection:

287.11(2m)(a)1. 1. “Cost of disposing of processed material” means the gross cost of transferring processed material to a solid waste disposal facility and disposing of the processed material in the facility, including any disposal costs not paid through fees charged by the facility.

287.11(2m)(a)2. 2. “Cost of selling processed material” means the net cost, including any storage costs, of selling processed material to a broker, dealer, or manufacturing facility, plus any cost of transporting the processed material from the waste processing facility to the destination specified by the broker, dealer, or manufacturing facility, less the portion of any state financial assistance received under s. 287.23 attributable to the processed material.

287.11(2m)(a)3. 3. “Processed material” means a component of solid waste that has been collected, transported to a waste processing facility and prepared for sale to a broker, dealer or manufacturer.

287.11(2m)(b) (b) The department shall, at the request of a responsible unit that has been determined to have an effective recycling program under this section, grant a variance to the applicable requirements in sub. (2) (b) and (er) for up to one year for a material identified in s. 287.07 (3) or (4) that is generated in the responsible unit’s region if the department determines that the cost of selling processed material exceeds any of the following:

287.11(2m)(b)1. 1. Forty dollars per ton of processed material, as annually adjusted by the department to reflect changes in price levels due to inflation since 1989.

287.11(2m)(b)2. 2. The cost of disposing of processed material.

287.11(2m)(c) (c) The department may on its own initiative grant, to one or more responsible units that have been determined to have effective recycling programs under this section, a variance to the applicable requirements in sub. (2) (b) and (er) for up to one year for a material identified in s. 287.07 (3) or (4) that is generated in the responsible units’ regions if the department determines that the cost of selling processed material exceeds the amount under par. (b) 1. or 2.

287.11(2p) (2p) Materials excepted from prohibitions on land disposal and incineration.

287.11(2p)(a) (a) The requirements of sub. (2) (b) and (er) do not apply to a material that is subject to an exception under s. 287.07 (7) (b), (bg) or (c) or a waiver or conditional waiver under s. 287.07 (7) (h).