Chapter 250

250.01(4)(a)2. 2. A city-county health department established under s. 251.02 (1m).

250.01(4)(a)3. 3. A city health department that was established before January 1, 1994, or that withdraws under s. 251.15 (2) or, as a city-city local health department established under s. 251.02 (3t), that withdraws under s. 251.15 (2m).

250.01(4)(a)4. 4. A village or town health department under s. 251.02 (3m).

250.01(4)(a)5. 5. A multiple municipal local health department established under s. 251.02 (3r).

250.01(4)(a)6. 6. A city-city health department established under s. 251.02 (3t).

250.01(4)(b) (b) In a county with a population of 750,000 or more, a city, village, or multiple municipal health department established under s. 251.02 (2).

250.01(4)(c) (c) A multiple county health department established under s. 251.02 (3).

250.01(5) (5) “Local health officer” means the health officer who is in charge of a local health department.

250.01(6) (6) “Physician” has the meaning given in s. 448.01 (5).

250.01(6g) (6g) “Public health authority” means the department, if the governor declares under s. 323.10 a state of emergency related to public health and designates the department as the lead state agency to respond to that emergency.

250.01(6r) (6r) “Public health emergency” has the meaning given in s. 323.02 (16).

250.01(7) (7) “Registered nurse” means a registered nurse who is licensed under s. 441.06 or permitted under s. 441.08 or who holds a multistate license, as defined in s. 441.51 (2) (h), issued in a party state, as defined in s. 441.51 (2) (k).

250.01(8) (8) “Secretary” means the secretary of health services.

250.01(9) (9) “State health officer” means the individual who is appointed by the secretary to develop public health policy for the state and direct state public health programs.

250.01 History History: 1993 a. 27 ss. 162, 322, 449; 1995 a. 27 s. 9126 (19); 1999 a. 9, 22; 2001 a. 16, 109; 2003 a. 158; 2005 a. 220; 2007 a. 20 s. 9121 (6) (a); 2007 a. 130; 2009 a. 42; 2017 a. 135; 2017 a. 207 s. 5.

250.02 250.02 State health officials.

250.02(1) (1) State health officer; duties. The secretary shall appoint a state health officer and may assign the state health officer such duties of the secretary or department as the secretary provides. The state health officer may appoint such advisory and examining bodies as are needed to carry out the duties of the state health officer and as provided by law. The state health officer shall appoint state epidemiologists for program areas of acute and communicable diseases, occupational and environmental diseases, maternal and child health and chronic diseases. Individuals appointed as state epidemiologists shall have advanced training and expertise in epidemiology in their program areas.

250.02(2) (2) Chief medical officers; qualifications; duties. The state health officer shall appoint chief medical officers in the classified service to provide public health consultation to, and leadership for, state health programs. The chief medical officers shall also serve as state epidemiologists under sub. (1), for acute and communicable diseases, occupational and environmental diseases, maternal and child health and chronic diseases. The chief medical officers shall be physicians who have training and expertise, as prescribed by the department, appropriate to their areas of assignment. The chief medical officers shall have all of the powers and duties that are designated to them by the state health officer to enforce the health laws of the state and to advise state and local officials as to health promotion, disease prevention and public health intervention strategies necessary to prevent morbidity and unnecessary mortality.

250.02 History History: 1993 a. 27 ss. 163, 450; Stats. 1993 s. 250.02.

250.03 250.03 Public health system.

250.03(1) (1) The department shall:

250.03(1)(a) (a) Maintain a public health system in cooperation with local health departments; community organizations; and medical clinics that are operated by the governing bodies, or agencies of the governing bodies, of federally recognized American Indian tribes or bands located in this state.

250.03(1)(b) (b) Serve as the state lead agency for public health.

250.03(1)(c) (c) Assess the health needs in the state based on statewide data collection.

250.03(1)(d) (d) Advise the legislature on the development of an adequate statutory base for health activities in the state.

250.03(1)(e) (e) Establish statewide health objectives and delegate power to local health departments to achieve the objectives as the department considers appropriate.

250.03(1)(f) (f) Support local public health service capacity building through grants, consultation and technical assistance.

250.03(1)(g) (g) Develop policy and provide leadership in public health throughout the state that fosters local involvement and commitment, that emphasizes public health needs and that advocates for equitable distribution of public health resources and complementary private activities commensurate with public health needs.

250.03(1)(h) (h) Distribute state and federal public health funds under its control in a manner that will promote the development and maintenance of an integrated system of community health services.

250.03(1)(i) (i) Require, as a condition for distributing funds under par. (h) at the local level, that services at that level be coordinated.

250.03(1)(j) (j) Advocate for the provision of reasonable and necessary public health services.

250.03(1)(k) (k) Promote cooperation and formal collaborative agreements among any of the following with regard to public health planning, priority setting, information and data sharing, reporting, resource allocation, funding, service delivery, and jurisdiction:

250.03(1)(k)1. 1. The state.

250.03(1)(k)2. 2. Local health departments.

250.03(1)(k)3. 3. Federally recognized American Indian tribes or bands located in this state.

250.03(1)(k)4. 4. The federal Indian health service.

250.03(1)(L) (L) Perform or facilitate the performance of all of the following services and functions:

250.03(1)(L)1. 1. Monitor the health status of populations to identify and solve community health problems.

250.03(1)(L)2. 2. Investigate and diagnose community health problems and health hazards.

250.03(1)(L)3. 3. Inform and educate individuals about health issues.

250.03(1)(L)4. 4. Mobilize public and private sector collaboration and action to identify and solve health problems.

250.03(1)(L)5. 5. Develop policies, plans, and programs that support individual and community health efforts.

250.03(1)(L)6. 6. Enforce statutes and rules that protect health and ensure safety.

250.03(1)(L)7. 7. Link individuals to needed personal health services.

250.03(1)(L)8. 8. Assure a competent public health workforce.

250.03(1)(L)9. 9. Evaluate effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of personal and population-based health services.

250.03(1)(L)10. 10. Provide research to develop insights into and innovative solutions for health problems.

250.03(2) (2) The department may enter into agreements and provide consultation on matters relating to human health.

250.03(3) (3) 

250.03(3)(a) (a) No later than 90 days after a state of emergency relating to public health is declared and the department is designated under s. 323.10 as the lead state agency to respond to that emergency and no later than 90 days after the termination of this state of emergency relating to public health, the department shall submit to the legislature under s. 13.172 (2) and to the governor a report on all of the following:

250.03(3)(a)1. 1. The emergency powers used by the public health authority or its agents.

250.03(3)(a)2. 2. The expenses incurred by the public health authority and its agents in acting under the state of emergency related to public health.

250.03(3)(b) (b) Biennially, after first consulting with the adjutant general, local health departments, health care providers, as defined in s. 146.81 (1) (a) to (p), and law enforcement agencies, as defined in s. 165.77 (1) (b), the department shall submit to the legislature under s. 13.172 (2) and to the governor a report on the preparedness of the public health system to address public health emergencies.

250.03 History History: 1993 a. 27; 2001 a. 109; 2005 a. 198; 2009 a. 28, 42.

250.04 250.04 Powers and duties of the department.

250.04(1) (1) The department has general supervision throughout the state of the health of citizens and shall study especially the vital statistics of the state and use the analysis of the vital statistics for health planning. The department may, upon due notice, enter upon and inspect private property. The department has power to execute what is reasonable and necessary for the prevention and suppression of disease. The department may or, if required, shall advise public boards or officers in regard to heating and ventilation of any public building or institution. The department may investigate the cause and circumstances of any special or unusual disease or mortality or inspect any public building and may do any act necessary for the investigation.

250.04(2) (2) 

250.04(2)(a) (a) The department possesses all powers necessary to fulfill the duties prescribed in the statutes and to bring action in the courts for the enforcement of public health statutes and rules.

250.04(2)(b) (b) If local health departments fail to enforce public health statutes or rules, the department may enforce those statutes and rules. If the department does this, the county, city or village for which the local health department has jurisdiction shall reimburse the department for expenses that the department incurs in enforcing communicable disease statutes and rules.

250.04(3) (3) 

250.04(3)(a) (a) The department shall establish and maintain surveillance activities sufficient to detect any occurrence of acute, communicable or chronic diseases and threat of occupational or environmental hazards, injuries or changes in the health of mothers and children.

250.04(3)(b) (b)

250.04(3)(b)1. 1. The department shall analyze occurrences, trends and patterns of acute, communicable or chronic diseases, maternal and child health, injuries and occupational and environmental hazards and distribute information based on the analyses.

250.04(3)(b)2. 2. The department shall, in cooperation with local health departments, maintain a public health data system.

250.04(3)(b)3. 3. The department may conduct investigations, studies, experiments and research pertaining to any public health problems which are a cause or potential cause of morbidity or mortality and methods for the prevention or amelioration of those public health problems. For the conduct of the investigations, studies, experiments and research, the department may on behalf of the state accept funds from any public or private agency, organization or person. It may conduct the investigations, studies, experiments and research independently or by contract or in cooperation with any public or private agency, organization or person including any political subdivision of the state. Individual questionnaires or surveys shall be treated as confidential patient health care records under ss. 146.81 to 146.835, but the information in those questionnaires and surveys may be released in statistical summaries.

250.04(3)(b)4. 4. The department may use hospital emergency room and inpatient health care records, abstracts of these records and information the state or federal government collects to correlate exposure to certain occupational and high risk environments with resulting acute or chronic health problems. If the department finds that an occupational health hazard exists, it shall disseminate its findings and promote efforts to educate employees and employers about the health hazard.

250.04(3)(c) (c) The department shall publish an annual maternal and child health report, including morbidity and mortality indicators for the state, regions of the state, counties, certain cities and subpopulations of the state.

250.04(3m) (3m) The department may charge a reasonable fee for the analysis and provision of data under this section.

250.04(4) (4) 

250.04(4)(a) (a) The department shall administer programs for the control and prevention of public health problems.

250.04(4)(b) (b) The department shall be responsible for follow-up investigations of unusual occurrences of acute, communicable and chronic diseases, occupational and environmental hazards, unusual injuries and unusual changes in maternal and child health.

250.04(5) (5) Where the use of any pesticide results in a threat to the public health, the department shall take all measures necessary to prevent morbidity or mortality.

250.04(6) (6) The department shall provide consultation, technical assistance and training regarding public health to local health departments, community organizations and others.

250.04(7) (7) The department may promulgate and enforce rules and issue and enforce orders governing the duties of all local health officers and local boards of health and relating to any subject matter under the department’s supervision that are necessary to provide efficient administration and to protect health. Whoever violates a rule or order specified under this subsection shall be fined not less than $10 nor more than $100 for each offense, unless a different penalty is provided.

250.04 Cross-reference Cross-reference: See also ch. DHS 139, Wis. adm. code.

250.04(8) (8) The department may administer oaths, certify to official acts, issue subpoenas and compel the attendance of witnesses and the production of papers, books, documents and testimony. Witness fees and mileage shall be paid from the appropriation under s. 20.435 (1) (a), but no witness subpoenaed at the instance of parties other than the department is entitled to payment of fees or mileage, unless the department certifies that his or her testimony was material.

250.04(9) (9) The department may establish, equip and operate a state branch laboratory of hygiene in a city accessible to physicians and local health officers in the northern part of the state to conduct bacteriological and chemical examinations of material from the various contagious and infectious diseases or material from suspected contagious and infectious diseases of persons and animals when public health is concerned, if suitable quarters for the laboratory are offered to the state free of charge for rent, light, heat and janitor service. The department may also establish and aid in maintaining in conjunction with the cities of the state not more than 7 state cooperative laboratories. All of the cooperative laboratories shall be operated in the manner and under the conditions that the department establishes in rules that the department may promulgate.

250.04(10) (10) The department may investigate and supervise the sanitary conditions of all charitable, curative, reformatory and penal institutions, all detention homes for children and the hospitals and institutions that are organized for the purposes set forth in s. 58.01. The department may visit the jails, municipal prisons, houses of correction and all other places in which persons convicted or suspected of crime or mentally ill persons are confined and ascertain the sanitary conditions of those places.

250.04(11) (11) The department shall investigate any hospital which is found by a panel established under s. 655.02, 1983 stats., or by a court to have been responsible for negligent acts.

250.04(12) (12) The department is designated the state health planning and development agency.

250.04(12m) (12m) In public health planning, the department shall collaborate with local health departments on an ongoing basis and shall consult with private sector entities, as defined in s. 229.41 (9), and with public sector entities, as defined in s. 229.41 (10).

250.04(13) (13) The department shall provide information on the prevention, detection, diagnosis and treatment of blastomycosis in areas of this state with a high incidence of blastomycosis.

250.04(14) (14) 

250.04(14)(a) (a) Subject to the availability of funds and to par. (b), the department may provide or fund emergency services or assistance to victims of s. 940.302 (2) or 948.051.

250.04(14)(b) (b) The department may provide or fund emergency services or assistance to a victim only for the following time periods:

250.04(14)(b)1. 1. If the victim is cooperating with the appropriate law enforcement agencies, from the time the victim is identified until 60 days after the disposition of the trial.

250.04(14)(b)2. 2. If the victim is not cooperating with the appropriate law enforcement agencies, a total of 60 days.

250.04 History History: 1971 c. 100 s. 23; 1973 c. 90; 1975 c. 37, 39; 1975 c. 94 s. 91 (9); 1975 c. 292, 422; 1977 c. 29, 418; 1979 c. 221, 229, 334, 355; 1981 c. 20, 214, 257; 1983 a. 203; 1985 a. 340; 1987 a. 27 ss. 1786, 1787, 3200 (24); 1987 a. 399; 1989 a. 173, 264; 1991 a. 39, 178, 269; 1993 a. 16; 1993 a. 27 s. 170, 171, 173, 174, 176, 178, 179, 180, 183, 187, 250, 452 to 456; 1993 a. 209, 491; 1997 a. 27; 2005 a. 198; 2007 a. 116.

250.04 Annotation Neither s. 140.05 [now this section] or regulations adopted under sub. (3) [now sub. (7)] are safety statutes that create an independent basis for a negligence action. Johnson v. City of Darlington, 160 Wis. 2d 418, 466 N.W.2d 233 (Ct. App. 1991).