236.292(1)(1) All restrictions on platted land that interfere with the development of the ice age trail under s. 23.17 are void. 236.292(2)(2) All restrictions on platted land that prevent or unduly restrict the construction and operation of solar energy systems, as defined in s. 13.48 (2) (h) 1. g., or a wind energy system, as defined in s. 66.0403 (1) (m), are void. 236.293236.293 Restrictions for public benefit. Any restriction placed on platted land by covenant, grant of easement or in any other manner, which was required by a public body or which names a public body or public utility as grantee, promisee or beneficiary, vests in the public body or public utility the right to enforce the restriction at law or in equity against anyone who has or acquires an interest in the land subject to the restriction. The restriction may be released or waived in writing by the public body or public utility having the right of enforcement. 236.293 HistoryHistory: 1979 c. 248. 236.293 AnnotationThe hidden dangers of placing easements on plats. Ishikawa. WBB Apr. 1988.
236.295236.295 Correction instruments. 236.295(1)(1) Correction instruments shall be recorded in the office of the register of deeds in the county in which the plat or certified survey map is recorded and may include any of the following: 236.295(1)(a)(a) Affidavits to correct distances, angles, directions, bearings, chords, block or lot numbers, street names, or other details shown on a recorded plat or certified survey map. A correction instrument may not be used to reconfigure lots or outlots. 236.295(1)(b)(b) Ratifications of a recorded plat or certified survey map signed and acknowledged in accordance with ch. 140. 236.295(1)(c)(c) Certificates of owners and mortgagees of record at time of recording. 236.295(2)(a)(a) Each affidavit in sub. (1) (a) correcting a plat or certified survey map that changes areas dedicated to the public or restrictions for the public benefit must be approved prior to recording by the governing body of the municipality or town in which the subdivision is located. The register of deeds shall include on the plat or certified survey map a notation of the document number of the affidavit or instrument and, if the affidavit or instrument is assigned a volume and page number, the volume and page where the affidavit or instrument is recorded. The record of the affidavit or instrument, or a certified copy of the record, is prima facie evidence of the facts stated in the affidavit or instrument. 236.295(2)(b)(b) Notwithstanding par. (a), in a county that maintains a tract index pursuant to s. 59.43 (12m), a correction may be made by reference in the tract index to the plat or certified survey map. 236.295 AnnotationThis section does not apply to assessors plats. 61 Atty. Gen. 25.
PENALTIES AND REMEDIES
236.30236.30 Forfeiture for improper recording. Any person causing his or her final plat to be recorded without submitting such plat for approval as herein required, or who shall fail to present the same for record within the time prescribed after approval, shall forfeit not less than $100, nor more than $1,000 to each municipality, town or county wherein such final plat should have been submitted. 236.30 HistoryHistory: 1979 c. 248 s. 25 (5). 236.31236.31 Penalties and remedies for transfer of lots without recorded plat. 236.31(1)(1) Any subdivider or the subdivider’s agent who offers or contracts to convey, or conveys, any subdivision as defined in s. 236.02 (12) or lot or parcel which lies in a subdivision as defined in s. 236.02 (12) knowing that the final plat thereof has not been recorded may be fined not more than $500 or imprisoned not more than 6 months or both; except where the preliminary or final plat of the subdivision has been filed for approval with the town or municipality in which the subdivision lies, an offer or contract to convey may be made if that offer or contract states on its face that it is contingent upon approval of the final plat and shall be void if such plat is not approved. 236.31(2)(2) Any municipality, town, county, or state agency with subdivision review authority may institute injunction or other appropriate action or proceeding to enjoin a violation of any provision of this chapter, an ordinance, or a rule adopted under this chapter. Any such municipality, town, or county may impose a forfeiture for violation of any such ordinance, and order an assessor’s plat to be made under s. 70.27 at the expense of the subdivider or the subdivider’s agent when a subdivision is created under s. 236.02 (12) (am) 2. by successive divisions. 236.31(3)(3) Any conveyance or contract to convey made by the subdivider or the subdivider’s agent contrary to this section or involving a plat which was not entitled to be recorded under s. 236.25 (2) shall be voidable at the option of the purchaser or person contracting to purchase, his or her heirs, personal representative or trustee in insolvency or bankruptcy within one year after the execution of the document or contract; but such document or contract shall be binding on the vendor, the subdivider’s assignee, heir or devisee. 236.31 AnnotationSub. (3) does not allow a purchaser to force a seller to violate sub. (1) and become subject to criminal penalties by doing so. Gordie Boucher Lincoln-Mercury Madison Inc. v. J & H Landfill, Inc., 172 Wis. 2d 333, 493 N.W.2d 375 (Ct. App. 1992). 236.31 AnnotationCertified survey maps under s. 236.34 cannot substitute for subdivision surveys under s. 236.02 (8) [now sub. (12)]. Penalties under this section apply to improper use of certified surveys. 67 Atty. Gen. 294.
236.32236.32 Penalty for disturbing or not placing monuments. 236.32(1m)(1m) Any of the following may be fined not more than $250 or imprisoned not more than one year in county jail for any of the following violations: 236.32(1m)(a)(a) Any owner, professional land surveyor, or subdivider who fails to place monuments as prescribed in this chapter when subdividing land. 236.32(1m)(b)(b) Any person who knowingly removes or disturbs any such monument without the permission of the governing body of the municipality or county in which the subdivision is located or fails to report such disturbance or removal to it. 236.32(1m)(c)(c) Any person who fails to replace properly any monuments that have been removed or disturbed when ordered to do so by the governing body of the municipality or county in which the subdivision is located. 236.32(2m)(2m) Each monument to which a violation under sub. (1m) applies constitutes a separate violation. 236.32 HistoryHistory: 2013 a. 358. 236.33236.33 Division of land into small parcels in cities of the first class prohibited; penalty. It shall be unlawful to divide or subdivide and convey by deed or otherwise any lot in any recorded plat or any parcel or tract of unplatted land in any city of the first class so as to create a lot or parcel of land which does not have street or public highway frontage of at least 4 feet or an easement to a street or public highway of a minimum width of 4 feet but this section shall not apply to conveyances by tax deed or through the exercise of eminent domain or to such reductions in size or area as are caused by the taking of property for public purposes. This section shall not prohibit the dividing or subdividing of any lot or parcel of land in any such city where the divided or subdivided parts thereof which become joined in ownership with any other lot or parcel of land comply with the requirements of this section, if the remaining portion of such lot or parcel so divided or subdivided complies. Any person who shall make such conveyance or procure such a sale or act as agent in procuring such sale or conveyance shall be fined not less than $100 or more than $500 or imprisoned not more than 6 months or both. 236.335236.335 Prohibited subdividing; forfeit. No lot or parcel in a recorded plat may be divided, or used if so divided, for purposes of sale or building development if the resulting lots or parcels do not conform to this chapter, to any applicable ordinance of the approving authority or to the rules of the department of safety and professional services under s. 236.13. Any person making or causing such a division to be made shall forfeit not less than $100 nor more than $500 to the approving authority, or to the state if there is a violation of this chapter or the rules of the department of safety and professional services. 236.335 AnnotationDiscussing the circumstances under which lots in a recorded subdivision may be legally divided without replatting. 64 Atty. Gen. 80.
236.34236.34 Recording of certified survey map; use in changing boundaries; use in conveyancing. 236.34(1)(am)(am) A certified survey map of not more than 4 parcels of land, or such greater maximum number specified by an ordinance enacted or resolution adopted under par. (ar) 1., consisting of lots or outlots may be recorded in the office of the register of deeds of the county in which the land is situated. 236.34(1)(ar)1.1. Notwithstanding s. 236.45 (2) (ac) and (am), a municipality, town, or county that has established a planning agency may enact an ordinance or adopt a resolution that specifies a maximum number of parcels that is greater than 4 into which land that is situated in the municipality, town, or county and zoned for commercial, multifamily dwelling, as defined in s. 101.01 (8m), industrial, or mixed-use development may be divided by certified survey map. 236.34(1)(ar)2.2. Before the enactment of an ordinance or the adoption of a resolution under subd. 1., the governing body of the municipality, town, or county shall receive the recommendation of its planning agency and shall hold a public hearing on the ordinance or resolution. Notice of the hearing shall be given by publication of a class 2 notice, under ch. 985. Any ordinance enacted or resolution adopted shall be published in a form suitable for public distribution. 236.34(1)(ar)3.3. Notwithstanding subd. 1., an ordinance enacted or resolution adopted under subd. 1. by a municipality may specify the number of parcels into which land within the extraterritorial plat approval jurisdiction of the municipality, as well as land within the corporate limits of the municipality, may be divided by certified survey map if the municipality has the right to approve or object to plats within that area under s. 236.10 (1) (b) 2. and (2). 236.34(1)(ar)4.4. If more than one governing body has authority to enact an ordinance or adopt a resolution under subd. 1. with respect to the same land and those governing bodies enact ordinances or adopt resolutions with conflicting provisions, any certified survey map affecting that land must comply with the most restrictive provisions. 236.34(1)(bm)(bm) A certified survey map may be used to change the boundaries of lots and outlots within a recorded plat, recorded assessor’s plat under s. 70.27, or recorded certified survey map if the reconfiguration does not result in a subdivision or violate a local ordinance or resolution. 236.34(1)(cm)(cm) A certified survey map may not alter areas previously dedicated to the public or a restriction placed on the platted land by covenant, by grant of an easement, or by any other manner. 236.34(1)(dm)(dm) A certified survey map that crosses the exterior boundary of a recorded plat or assessor’s plat shall apply to the reconfiguration of not more than 4 parcels, or such greater maximum number specified by an ordinance enacted or resolution adopted under par. (ar) 1., by a single owner, or if no additional parcels are created. Subject to sub. (2m), such a certified survey map must be approved in the same manner as a final plat of a subdivision must be approved under s. 236.10, must be monumented in accordance with s. 236.15 (1), and shall contain owners’ and mortgagees’ certificates that are in substantially the same form as required under s. 236.21 (2) (a). 236.34(1m)(1m) Preparation. A certified survey must meet the following requirements: 236.34(1m)(a)(a) The survey shall be performed and the map prepared by a professional land surveyor. The error in the latitude and departure closure of the survey may not exceed the ratio of one in 3,000. 236.34(1m)(c)(c) The map shall be prepared in accordance with ss. 236.16 (4) and 236.20 (2) (a), (b), (c), (e), (f), (g), (h), (i), (j), (k), and (L) and (3) (b), (d), and (e) at a graphic scale of not more than 500 feet to an inch, which shall be shown on each sheet showing layout features. The map shall be prepared with a binding margin 1.5 inches wide and a 0.5 inch margin on all other sides on durable white media that is 8 1/2 inches wide by 14 inches long, or on other media that is acceptable to the register of deeds, with a permanent nonfading black image. When more than one sheet is used for any map, each sheet shall be numbered consecutively and shall contain a notation giving the total number of sheets in the map and showing the relationship of that sheet to the other sheets. “CERTIFIED SURVEY MAP” shall be printed on the map in prominent letters with the location of the land by government lot, recorded private claim, quarter-quarter section, section, township, range and county noted. Seals or signatures reproduced on images complying with this paragraph shall be given the force and effect of original signatures and seals. 236.34(1m)(d)(d) The map shall include a certificate of the professional land surveyor who surveyed, divided, and mapped the land which has the same force and effect as an affidavit and which gives all of the following information: 236.34(1m)(d)1.1. By whose direction the professional land surveyor made the survey, division, and map of the land described on the certified survey map. 236.34(1m)(d)2.2. A clear and concise description of the land surveyed, divided, and mapped by government lot, recorded private claim, quarter-quarter section, section, township, range and county; and by metes and bounds commencing with a monument at a section or quarter section corner of the quarter section that is not the center of a section, or commencing with a monument at the end of a boundary line of a recorded private claim or federal reservation in which the land is located. If, however, the land is shown in a recorded subdivision plat, recorded addition to a recorded subdivision plat, or recorded certified survey map that has previously been tied to the monumented line of a quarter section, government lot, recorded private claim, or federal reservation in which the land is located, the land shall be described by the subdivision name or certified survey map number and the description of the lot and block thereof. 236.34(1m)(d)3.3. A statement that the map is a correct representation of all of the exterior boundaries of the land surveyed and the division of that land. 236.34(1m)(d)4.4. A statement that the professional land surveyor has fully complied with the provisions of this section in surveying, dividing, and mapping the land. 236.34(1m)(e)(e) A certified survey map may be used for dedication of streets and other public areas, and for granting easements to the public or any person, society, or corporation marked or noted on the map, when owners’ certificates and mortgagees’ certificates which are in substantially the same form as required by s. 236.21 (2) (a) have been executed and the city council or village or town board involved have approved such dedication or grant. Approval and recording of such certified surveys shall have the force and effect provided by s. 236.29. 236.34(1m)(em)1.1. Except as provided in subd. 2., if the certified survey map divides land into more than 4 parcels in accordance with an ordinance enacted or resolution adopted under sub. (1) (ar) 1., notwithstanding pars. (b) and (c), the survey and the map shall comply with ss. 236.15, 236.20, and 236.21 (1) and (2) and the map shall be submitted to the department of administration for a review of the compliance with those sections. 236.34(1m)(em)2.a.a. The certified survey map is only changing the boundaries of lots and outlots in a recorded plat, recorded assessor’s plat under s. 70.27, or recorded certified survey map, regardless of whether the certified survey map crosses the exterior boundary of the recorded plat, assessor’s plat, or certified survey map. 236.34(1m)(em)2.b.b. The certified survey map is dividing land that is wholly situated in a 1st class city. 236.34(1m)(em)2.c.c. The certified survey map is dividing unincorporated land in a county with a population of 750,000 or more. 236.34(1m)(er)1.1. Except as provided in subd. 2., the certified survey map and survey shall comply with the rules of the department of transportation described in s. 236.13 (1) (e) and the map shall be submitted to the department of transportation for a review of the compliance with those rules if all of the following apply: 236.34(1m)(er)1.a.a. The certified survey map divides land into more than 4 parcels in accordance with an ordinance enacted or resolution adopted under sub. (1) (ar) 1. 236.34(1m)(er)1.b.b. The certified survey map is changing the external boundary of a recorded plat, recorded assessor’s plat, or recorded certified survey map. 236.34(1m)(er)1.c.c. The certified survey map or recorded plat, recorded assessor’s plat, or recorded certified survey map shows lots that abut or adjoin a state trunk highway or connecting highway. 236.34(1m)(er)2.a.a. The certified survey map is dividing land that is wholly situated in a 1st class city. 236.34(1m)(er)2.b.b. The certified survey map is dividing unincorporated land in a county with a population of 750,000 or more. 236.34(1m)(f)(f) Within 90 days of submitting a certified survey map for approval, the approving authority, or its agent authorized to approve certified survey maps, shall take action to approve, approve conditionally, or reject the certified survey map and shall state in writing any conditions of approval or reasons for rejection, unless the time is extended by agreement with the subdivider. Failure of the approving authority or its agent to act within the 90 days, or any extension of that period, constitutes an approval of the certified survey map and, upon demand, a certificate to that effect shall be made on the face of the map by the clerk of the authority that has failed to act. 236.34(2)(a)(a) Certified survey maps prepared in accordance with subs. (1) and (1m) shall be numbered consecutively by the register of deeds and shall be recorded in a bound volume kept in the register of deeds’ office, known as the “Certified Survey Maps of .... County”, or stored electronically in the register of deeds office. 236.34(2)(b)(b) If the certified survey map is approved by a local unit of government, the register of deeds may not accept the certified survey map for record unless all of the following apply: 236.34(2)(b)1.1. The certified survey map is offered for record within 12 months after the date of the last approval of the map and within 36 months after the date of the first approval of the map. 236.34(2)(b)2.2. The certified survey map shows on its face all of the certificates and affidavits required under subs. (1) and (1m). 236.34(2m)(a)(a) Except as provided in par. (b), a county planning agency under s. 236.10 (1) (b) 3. or (c) 2. has no authority to approve or object to a certified survey map that divides land that is located in a town that has, before the certified survey map is submitted for approval, enacted an ordinance under s. 60.23 (34) or (35) withdrawing the town from county zoning and the county development plan. 236.34(2m)(b)(b) A county planning agency under s. 236.10 (1) (b) 3. or (c) 2. may object to any of the following portions of a certified survey map that divides land located in a town described in par. (a): 236.34(2m)(b)2.2. Any land shown on and subject to the certified survey map that is in a 100-year floodplain in the county. 236.34(3)(3) Use in conveyancing. When a certified survey map has been recorded in accordance with this section, the parcels of land in the map shall be, for all purposes, including assessment, taxation, devise, descent, and conveyance, as defined in s. 706.01 (4), described by reference to all of the following: 236.34(3)(c)(c) If the map is assigned a document number, the document number assigned to the map. 236.34(3)(d)(d) If the map is assigned a volume and page number, the volume and page where the map is recorded.
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Ch. 236, Platting Lands
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