Chapter 230

230.86(2) (2) Subsection (1) does not apply to wiretapping, electronic surveillance or one-way mirrors used to monitor security or used for public safety purposes at a state institution.

230.86 History History: 1989 a. 245; 1993 a. 496.

230.86 Cross-reference Cross-reference: See also ch. DWD 224, Wis. adm. code.

230.87 230.87 Judicial review.

230.87(1) (1) Findings and orders of the division of equal rights under this subchapter are subject to judicial review under ch. 227. Upon that review, or in any enforcement action, the department of justice shall represent the division of equal rights unless a conflict of interest results from that representation. A court may order payment of a prevailing appellant employee’s reasonable attorney fees by a governmental unit respondent, or by a governmental unit employing a respondent who is a natural person if that governmental unit received notice and an opportunity to appear before the court.

230.87(2) (2) If the court finds that the appeal is frivolous, it shall award to the respondent reasonable attorney fees and costs. Payment may be assessed fully against the appellant, including a governmental unit, or the appellant’s attorney or assessed so that the appellant and the appellant’s attorney each pay a portion. To find an appeal frivolous, the court must find one or more of the following:

230.87(2)(a) (a) The appeal was filed, used or continued in bad faith, solely for purposes of harassing or maliciously injuring another.

230.87(2)(b) (b) The appellant or appellant’s attorney knew, or should have known, that the appeal was without any reasonable basis in law or equity and could not be supported by a good faith argument for an extension, modification or reversal of existing law.

230.87 History History: 1983 a. 409; 1985 a. 135; 2003 a. 33.

230.87 Cross-reference Cross-reference: See also ch. DWD 224, Wis. adm. code.

230.88 230.88 Payment of award, judgment or settlement; effect of order, arbitration award or commencement of court action.

230.88(1) (1) Payment. Any award, judgment or settlement obtained by an employee under this subchapter shall be paid from the funds appropriated under s. 20.865 (1) (a), (g) and (q).

230.88(2) (2) Effect.

230.88(2)(a) (a) A final order issued under s. 230.85 or 230.87 which has not been appealed and for which the time of appeal has passed binds all parties who were subjected to the jurisdiction of the division of equal rights or the court and who received an opportunity to be heard. With respect to these parties, the decree is conclusive as to all issues of law and fact decided.

230.88(2)(b) (b) No collective bargaining agreement supersedes the rights of an employee under this subchapter. However, nothing in this subchapter affects any right of an employee to pursue a grievance procedure under a collective bargaining agreement under subch. V of ch. 111, and if the division of equal rights determines that a grievance arising under such a collective bargaining agreement involves the same parties and matters as a complaint under s. 230.85, it shall order the arbitrator’s final award on the merits conclusive as to the rights of the parties to the complaint, on those matters determined in the arbitration which were at issue and upon which the determination necessarily depended.

230.88(2)(c) (c) No later than 10 days before the specified time of hearing under s. 230.85 (2), an employee shall notify the division of equal rights orally or in writing if he or she has commenced or will commence an action in a court of record alleging matters prohibited under s. 230.83 (1). If the employee does not substantially comply with this requirement, the division of equal rights may assess against the employee any costs attributable to the failure to notify. Failure to notify the division of equal rights does not affect a court’s jurisdiction to proceed with the action. Upon commencement of such an action in a court of record, the division of equal rights has no jurisdiction to process a complaint filed under s. 230.85 except to dismiss the complaint and, if appropriate, to assess costs under this paragraph.

230.88 History History: 1983 a. 409; 2003 a. 33; 2009 a. 28; 2011 a. 10.

230.88 Annotation The commission lost its subject matter jurisdiction over the appellant’s whistleblower complaint once an action was filed in the federal district court that included allegations of state whistleblower violations. The state did not waive the jurisdictional issue by informing the commission that it had no objection to holding the commission proceeding in abeyance while the claims were pursued in federal court. The legislature expressly withdrew the power of the commission to adjudicate whistleblower claims once an action alleging those claims is filed in a court of record. Albrechtsen v. DWD, 2005 WI App 241, 288 Wis. 2d 144, 708 N.W.2d 1, 04-2130.

230.89 230.89 Rule making and reporting.

230.89(1) (1) The division of equal rights shall promulgate rules to carry out its responsibilities under this subchapter.

230.89(2) (2) Every 2 years, the division of equal rights shall submit a report to the chief clerk of each house of the legislature, for distribution to the appropriate standing committees under s. 13.172 (3), regarding complaints filed, hearings held and actions taken under this subchapter, including the dollar amount of any monetary settlement or final monetary award which has become binding on the parties.

230.89 History History: 1983 a. 409; 1987 a. 186; 2003 a. 33.

230.89 Cross-reference Cross-reference: See also ch. DWD 224, Wis. adm. code.

subch. IV of ch. 230 SUBCHAPTER IV

EMPLOYEE FREEDOM OF SPEECH PROTECTION

230.90 230.90 Government employer retaliation prohibited.

230.90(1) (1) In this section:

230.90(1)(a) (a) “Disciplinary action” means any action taken with respect to an employee which has the effect, in whole or in part, of a penalty.

230.90(1)(b) (b) “Employee” means any person employed by any governmental unit except:

230.90(1)(b)1. 1. A person employed by the office of the governor, the courts, the legislature or a service agency under subch. IV of ch. 13.

230.90(1)(b)2. 2. A person who is, or whose immediate supervisor is, assigned to an executive salary group under s. 20.923 or a person who has, or whose immediate supervisor has, a position specified in s. 36.115 (3m) (ae) to (f).

230.90(1)(c) (c) “Governmental unit” means any association, authority, board, commission, department, independent agency, institution, office, society or other body in state government created or authorized to be created by the constitution or any law, including the legislature, the office of the governor and the courts. “Governmental unit” does not mean the University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics Authority or any political subdivision of the state or body within one or more political subdivisions which is created by law or by action of one or more political subdivisions.

230.90(1)(d) (d) “Information” means information gained by the employee which the employee reasonably believes demonstrates:

230.90(1)(d)1. 1. A violation of any state or federal law, rule or regulation.

230.90(1)(d)2. 2. Mismanagement or abuse of authority in state government, a substantial waste of public funds or a danger to public health and safety.

230.90(2) (2) An employee may bring an action in circuit court against his or her employer or employer’s agent, including this state, if the employer or employer’s agent retaliates, by engaging in a disciplinary action, against the employee because the employee exercised his or her rights under the first amendment to the U.S. constitution or article I, section 3, of the Wisconsin constitution by lawfully disclosing information or because the employer or employer’s agent believes the employee so exercised his or her rights. The employee shall bring the action within 2 years after the action allegedly occurred or after the employee learned of the action, whichever occurs last. No employee may bring an action against the division of personnel management in the department of administration as an employer’s agent.

230.90(3) (3) If, following the close of all evidence in an action under this section, a court or jury finds that retaliation was the primary factor in an employer’s or employer’s agent’s decision to engage in a disciplinary action, the court or jury may not consider any evidence offered by the employer or employer’s agent that the employer or employer’s agent would have engaged in the disciplinary action even if the employee had not disclosed, or the employer or employer’s agent had not believed the employee disclosed, the information.

230.90(4) (4) If the court or jury finds that the employer or employer’s agent retaliated against the employee, the court shall take any appropriate action, including but not limited to the following:

230.90(4)(a) (a) Order placement of the employee in his or her previous position with or without back pay.

230.90(4)(b) (b) Order transfer of the employee to an available position for which the employee is qualified within the same governmental unit.

230.90(4)(c) (c) Order expungement of adverse material relating to the retaliatory action or threat from the employee’s personnel file.

230.90(4)(cm) (cm) Order the employer to pay compensatory damages.

230.90(4)(d) (d) Order the employer to pay the employee’s reasonable attorney fees.

230.90(4)(e) (e) Order the employer or employer’s agent to insert a copy of the court order into the employee’s personnel file.

230.90(4)(f) (f) Recommend to the employer that disciplinary or other action be taken regarding the employer’s agent, including but not limited to any of the following:

230.90(4)(f)1. 1. Placement of information describing the agent’s action in his or her personnel file.

230.90(4)(f)2. 2. Issuance of a letter reprimanding the agent.

230.90(4)(f)3. 3. Suspension.

230.90(4)(f)4. 4. Termination.

230.90 History History: 1983 a. 409; 1985 a. 135; 1995 a. 27; 1997 a. 237; 2003 a. 33 ss. 2726, 9160; 2005 a. 74; 2005 a. 155 ss. 13, 60; Stats. 2005 s. 230.90; 2013 a. 20; 2015 a. 55.

230.90 Annotation The scope of an employee’s protection under s. 895.65 is narrower than the protection afforded by the 1st amendment. Kmetz v. State Historical Society, 304 F. Supp 2d 1108 (2004).