NR 440.686(2)(r)
(r) “Vent stream" means any gas stream discharged directly from a distillation facility to the atmosphere or indirectly to the atmosphere after diversion through other process equipment. The vent stream excludes relief valve discharges and equipment leaks including, but not limited to, pumps, compressors and valves.
NR 440.686(3)
(3) Standards. Each owner or operator of any affected facility shall comply with
par. (a),
(b) or
(c) for each vent stream on and after the date on which the initial performance test required by
s. NR 440.08 and
sub. (5) is completed, but not later than 60 days after achieving the maximum production rate at which the affected facility will be operated or 180 days after the initial startup, whichever date comes first. Each owner or operator shall either:
NR 440.686(3)(a)
(a) Reduce emission of TOC, less methane and ethane, by 98 weight-percent or to a TOC, less methane and ethane, concentration of 20 ppmv, on a dry basis corrected to 3% oxygen, whichever is less stringent. If a boiler or process heater is used to comply with this paragraph, then the vent stream shall be introduced into the flame zone of the boiler or process heater; or
NR 440.686(3)(c)
(c) Maintain a TRE index value greater than 1.0 without use of VOC emission control devices.
NR 440.686(4)(a)(a) The owner or operator of an affected facility that uses an incinerator to seek to comply with the TOC emission limit specified under
sub. (3) shall install, calibrate, maintain and operate according to manufacturer's specifications the following equipment:
NR 440.686(4)(a)1.
1. A temperature monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder and having an accuracy of
" 1% of the temperature being monitored expressed in degrees Celsius or
" 0.5
°C, whichever is greater.
NR 440.686(4)(a)1.a.
a. Where an incinerator other than a catalytic incinerator is used, a temperature monitoring device shall be installed in the firebox.
NR 440.686(4)(a)1.b.
b. Where a catalytic incinerator is used, temperature monitoring devices shall be installed in the gas stream immediately before and after the catalyst bed.
NR 440.686(4)(a)2.
2. A flow indicator that provides a record of vent stream flow to the incinerator at least once every hour for each affected facility. The flow indicator shall be installed in the vent stream from each affected facility at a point closest to the inlet of each incinerator and before being joined with any other vent stream.
NR 440.686(4)(b)
(b) The owner or operator of an affected facility that uses a flare to seek to comply with
sub. (3) (b) shall install, calibrate, maintain and operate according to manufacturer's specifications the following equipment:
NR 440.686(4)(b)1.
1. A heat sensing device, such as a ultra-violet beam sensor or thermocouple, at the pilot light to indicate the continuous presence of a flame.
NR 440.686(4)(b)2.
2. A flow indicator that provides a record of vent stream flow to the flare at least once every hour for each affected facility. The flow indicator shall be installed in the vent stream from each affected facility at a point closest to the flare and before being joined with any other vent stream.
NR 440.686(4)(c)
(c) The owner or operator of an affected facility that uses a boiler or process heater to seek to comply with
sub. (3) (a) shall install, calibrate, maintain and operate according to the manufacturer's specifications the following equipment:
NR 440.686(4)(c)1.
1. A flow indicator that provides a record of vent stream flow to the boiler or process heater at least once every hour for each affected facility. The flow indicator shall be installed in the vent stream from each distillation unit within an affected facility at a point closest to the inlet of each boiler or process heater and before being joined with any other vent stream.
NR 440.686(4)(c)2.
2. A temperature monitoring device in the firebox equipped with a continuous recorder and having an accuracy of
" 1% of the temperature being measured, expressed in degrees Celsius or
" 0.5
°C, whichever is greater, for boilers or process heaters of less than 44 MW (150 million Btu/hr) heat input design capacity.
NR 440.686(4)(d)
(d) The owner or operator of an affected facility that uses a boiler or process heater to comply with
sub. (3) (a) shall monitor and record the periods of operation of the boiler or process heater if the design heat input capacity of the boiler or process heater is 44 MW (150 million Btu/hr) or greater. The records shall be readily available for inspection.
NR 440.686(4)(e)
(e) The owner or operator of an affected facility that seeks to comply with the TRE index value limit specified under
sub. (3) (c) shall install, calibrate, maintain and operate according to manufacturer's specifications the following equipment, unless alternative monitoring procedures or requirements are approved for that facility by the department:
NR 440.686(4)(e)1.
1. Where an absorber is the final recovery device in the recovery system:
NR 440.686(4)(e)1.a.
a. A scrubbing liquid temperature monitoring device having an accuracy of
" 1% of the temperature being monitored expressed in degrees Celsius or
" 0.5
°C, whichever is greater, and a specific gravity monitoring device having an accuracy of
" 0.02 specific gravity units, each equipped with a continuous recorder; or
NR 440.686(4)(e)1.b.
b. An organic monitoring device used to indicate the concentration level of organic compounds exiting the recovery device based on a detection principle such as infrared, photoionization or thermal conductivity, each quipped with a continuous recorder.
NR 440.686(4)(e)2.
2. Where a condenser is the final recovery device in the recovery system:
NR 440.686(4)(e)2.a.
a. The condenser exit (product side) temperature monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder and having an accuracy of
" 1% of the temperature being monitored expressed in degrees Celsius or
" 0.5
°C, whichever is greater; or
NR 440.686(4)(e)2.b.
b. An organic monitoring device used to monitor organic compounds exiting the recovery device based on a detection principle such as infra-red, photoionization or thermal conductivity, each equipped with a continuous recorder.
NR 440.686(4)(e)3.
3. Where a carbon adsorber is the final recovery device unit in the recovery system:
NR 440.686(4)(e)3.a.
a. An integrating steam flow monitoring device having an accuracy of
" 10% and a carbon bed temperature monitoring device having an accuracy of
" 1% of the temperature being monitored expressed in degrees Celsius or
" 0.5
°C, whichever is greater, both equipped with a continuous recorder; or
NR 440.686(4)(e)3.b.
b. An organic monitoring device used to indicate the concentration level of organic compounds exiting the recovery device based on a detection principle such as infra-red, photoionization or thermal conductivity, each equipped with a continuous recorder.
NR 440.686(4)(f)
(f) An owner or operator or an affected facility seeking to demonstrate compliance with the standards specified under
sub. (3) with control devices other than incinerator, boiler, process heater or flare; or recovery device other than an absorber, condenser or carbon adsorber shall provide to the administrator information describing the operation of the control device or recovery device and the process parameters which would indicate proper operation and maintenance of the device. The administrator may request further information and will specify appropriate monitoring procedures or requirements.
NR 440.686(5)(a)(a) For the purpose of demonstrating compliance with
sub. (3), all affected facilities shall be run at full operating conditions and flow rates during any performance test.
NR 440.686(5)(b)
(b) The following methods in Appendix A of
40 CFR part 60, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17, except as provided under
s. NR 440.08 (2), shall be used as reference methods to determine compliance with the emission limit or percent reduction efficiency specified under
sub. (3) (a).
NR 440.686(5)(b)1.
1. Method 1 or 1A, as appropriate, for selection of the sampling sites. The control device inlet sampling site for determination of vent stream molar composition or TOC, less methane and ethane, reduction efficiency shall be prior to the inlet of the control device and after the recovery system.
NR 440.686(5)(b)2.
2. Method 2, 2A, 2C or 2D, as appropriate, for determination of the gas volumetric flow rates.
NR 440.686(5)(b)3.
3. The emission rate correction factor, integrated sampling and analysis procedure of Method 3 shall be used to determine the oxygen concentration (%O
2d) for the purposes of determining compliance with the 20 ppmv limit. The sampling site shall be the same as that of the TOC samples and the samples shall be taken during the same time that the TOC samples are taken. The TOC concentration corrected to 3% O
2 (C
c) shall be completed using the following equation: -
See PDF for diagram 
where:
Cc is the concentration of TOC corrected to 3% O2, dry basis, ppm by volume
CTOC is the concentration of TOC (minus methane and ethane), dry basis, ppm by volume
%O2d is the concentration of O2, dry basis, percent by volume
NR 440.686(5)(b)4.
4. Method 18 to determine the concentration of TOC in the control device outlet and the concentration of TOC in the inlet when the reduction efficiency of the control device is to be determined.
NR 440.686(5)(b)4.a.
a. The sampling time for each run shall be 1 hour in which either an integrated sample or 4 grab samples shall be taken. If grab sampling is used then the samples shall be taken at 15-minute intervals.
where:
R is the emission reduction, percent by weight
Ei is the mass rate of TOC entering the control device, kg/hr (lb/hr)
Eo is the mass rate of TOC discharged to the atmosphere, kg/hr (lb/hr)
where:
Cij and Coj are the concentration of sample component “j" of the gas stream at the inlet and outlet of the control device, respectively, dry basis, ppm by volume
Mij and Moj are the molecular weight of sample component “j" of the gas stream at the inlet and outlet of the control device, respectively, g/g-mole (lb/lb-mole)
Qi and Qo are the flow rate of gas stream at the inlet and outlet of the control device, respectively, dscm/min (dcsf/min)
K2 is a constant, 2.494 10-6 (1/ppm) (g-mole/scm) (kg/g) (min/hr) for metric units, where standard temperature for (g-mole/scm) is 20°C, and 1.557 x 10-7 (1/ppm)(lb-mole/scf)(min/hr) for English units, where standard temperature for (lb-mole/scf) is 68°F
where:
CTOC is the concentration of TOC (minus methane and ethane), dry basis, ppm by volume
Cj is the concentration of sample components “j", dry basis, ppm by volume
n is the number of components in the sample
NR 440.686(5)(c)
(c) When a boiler or process heater with a design heat input capacity of 44 MW (150 million Btu/hour) or greater is used to seek to comply with
sub. (3) (a), the requirement for an initial performance test is waived, in accordance with
s. NR 440.08 (2). However, the department reserves the option to require testing at such other times as may be required.
NR 440.686(5)(e)
(e) The following test methods in Appendix A of
40 CFR part 60, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17, except as provided under
s. NR 440.08 (2), shall be used for determining the net heating value of the gas combusted to determine compliance under
sub. (3) (b) and for determining the process vent stream TRE index value to determine compliance under
sub. (3) (c).
NR 440.686(5)(e)1.a.a. Method 1 or 1A, as appropriate, shall be used for selection of the sampling site. The sampling site for the vent stream flow rate and molar composition determination prescribed in
subds. 2. and
3. shall be, except for the situations outlined in
subd. 1. b., prior to the inlet of any control device, prior to any post-distillation dilution of the stream with air and prior to any post-distillation introduction of halogenated compounds into the process vent stream. No transverse site selection method is needed for vents smaller than 10 centimeters (4 inches) in diameter.
NR 440.686(5)(e)1.b.
b. If any gas stream other than the distillation vent stream from the affected facility is normally conducted through the final recovery device then all of the following apply:
1) The sampling site for vent stream flow rate and molar composition shall be prior to the final recovery device and prior to the point at which the nondistillation stream is introduced.
2) The efficiency of the final recovery device is determined by measuring the TOC concentration using Method 18 at the inlet to the final recovery device after the introduction of any nondistillation vent stream at the outlet of the final recovery device.
3) This efficiency is applied to the TOC concentration measured prior to the final recovery device and prior to the introduction of the nondistillation stream to determine the concentration of TOC in the distillation vent stream from the final recovery device. This concentration of TOC is then used to perform the calculations outlined in subds. 4. and 5.
NR 440.686(5)(e)2.
2. The molar composition of the process vent stream shall be determined as follows:
NR 440.686(5)(e)2.a.
a. Method 18 to measure the concentration of TOC including those containing halogens.
NR 440.686(5)(e)3.
3. The volumetric flow rate shall be determined using Method 2, 2A, 2C or 2D, as appropriate.
where:
HT is the net heating value of the sample, MJ/scm (Btu/scf), where the net enthalpy per mole of vent stream is based on combustion at 25°C and 760 mm Hg (77°F and 30 in. Hg), but the standard temperature for determining the volume corresponding to one mole is 20°C (68°F)
K1 is a constant, 1.740 x 10-7 (1/ppm)(g-mole/scm)(MJ/kcal) for metric units where standard temperature for (g-mole/scm) is 20°C, and 1.03 x 10-11 (1/ppm)(lb-mole/scf)(Btu/kcal) for English units where standard temperature for (lb-mole/scf) is 68°F
C
j is the concentration on a wet basis of compound j in ppm, as measured for organics by Method 18 and measured for hydrogen and carbon monoxide by ASTM D1946-90 (reapproved 1994), incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17 (2) (a) 24., as indicated in
subd. 2.
H
j is the net heat of combustion of compound j, kcal/g-mole (kcal/lb-mole), based on combustion at 25
°C and 760 mm Hg (77
°F and 30 in Hg). The heats of combustion of vent stream components would be required to be determined using ASTM D2382-88 or D4809-95, incorporated by reference as specified in
s. NR 440.17 (2) (a) 30. and 61., if published values are not available or cannot be calculated.
The heats of combustion of vent stream components would be required to be determined using ASTM D2382-76, incorporated by reference as specified in
s. NR 440.17, if published values are not available or cannot be calculated.
where:
ETOC is the emission rate of TOC in the sample, kg/hr (lb/hr)
K2 is the constant, 2.494 10-6 (1/ppm) (g-mole/scm) (kg/g) (min/hr) for metric units, where standard temperature for (g-mole/scm) is 20°C, and 1.557 x 10-7 (1/ppm)(lb-mole/scf)(min/hr) for English units, where standard temperature for (lb-mole/scf) is 68°F
Cj is the concentration on a wet basis of compound j in ppm as measured by Method 18 as indicated in subd. 2.
Mj is the molecular weight of sample j, g/g-mole (lb/lb-mole)
Qs is the vent stream flow rate, scm/min (scf/hr), at a temperature of 20°C (68°F)
NR 440.686(5)(e)6.
6. The total process vent stream concentration (by volume) of compounds containing halogens (ppmv, by compound) shall be summed from the individual concentrations of compounds containing halogens which were measured by Method 18.
NR 440.686(5)(f)
(f) For purpose of complying with
sub. (3) (c), the owner or operator of a facility affected by this section shall calculate the TRE index value of the vent stream using the equation for incineration in
subd. 1. for halogenated vent streams. The owner or operator of an affected facility with a nonhalogenated vent stream shall determine the TRE index value by calculating values using both the incinerator equation in
subd. 1. and the flare equation in
subd. 2. and selecting the lower of the 2 values.
NR 440.686(5)(f)1.a.
a. Where for a vent stream flow rate that is greater than or equal to 14.2 scm/min (501 scf/min) at a standard temperature of 20
°C (68
°F):
