Tax 11.30(2)(a)(a)
Definition of bad debt. “Bad debt" is defined in s.
77.585 (1) (a), Stats., to mean the portion of the sales price or purchase price that the seller has reported as taxable and for which the seller has paid the tax under subch.
III of ch. 77, Stats., and that the seller may claim as a deduction under section
166 of the Internal Revenue Code. “Bad debt" does not include financing charges or interest, sales or use taxes imposed on the sales price or purchase price, uncollectible amounts on tangible personal property or items, property, or goods under s.
77.52 (1) (b),
(c), or
(d), Stats., that remain in the seller's possession until the full sales price or purchase price is paid, expenses incurred in attempting to collect any debts, debts sold or assigned to 3rd parties for collection, and repossessed property or items.
Tax 11.30(2)(b)
(b) Deduction from measure of tax. A seller may claim as a deduction on a return under s.
77.58, Stats., the amount of any bad debt the seller writes off as uncollectible in the seller's books and records and that is eligible to be deducted as a bad debt for federal income tax purposes, regardless of whether the seller is required to file a federal income tax return. Only a seller who has previously paid sales or use tax to this state on the accounts may claim the bad debt deduction. However, if a seller uses a certified service provider to file the returns and report the taxes due, the certified service provider may claim the bad debt deduction on the seller's behalf if the seller has not and will not claim the same deduction. In either case, the deduction shall be claimed on the return for the period in which the seller writes off the amount of the deduction as uncollectible and the amount is eligible to be deducted as a bad debt for federal income tax purposes. That period is defined as any time within the seller's fiscal or calendar year in which the account is written off. If the seller is out of business when the account becomes worthless, a bad debt deduction may be claimed on the last return filed by that business, or through a refund claim or amended return filed within the statutory time allowed. Notes, which later become worthless, received on the sale of tangible personal property or items, property, or goods under s.
77.52 (1) (b),
(c), or
(d), Stats., shall be treated in the same manner as other worthless accounts.
Tax 11.30(2)(c)
(c) Recovery of bad debts charged off. If any accounts found worthless and charged off as bad debts are thereafter in whole or in part collected by the seller, the amount so collected shall be included in the first return filed after such collection and the amount of the tax thereon paid with the return. The amounts recovered are first applied to the price of the property, item, good, or service and the proportionate share of the sales tax on that property, item, good, or service and then to interest, service charges and other charges related to the sale.
Tax 11.30(2)(d)1.1. `Nontaxable receipts.' If an account found worthless and charged off as a bad debt is comprised in part of nontaxable receipts, such as interest, financing, or insurance, and in part of taxable receipts upon which tax has been paid, a bad debt deduction may be claimed only for the unpaid amount upon which tax has been paid. In determining that amount, all payments and credits to the account shall be applied proportionately against the various charges comprising the amount the purchaser contracted to pay.
Tax 11.30(2)(d)2.
2. `Expenses of collection.' No deduction is allowable for expenses incurred by the seller in attempting to collect any account receivable, or for that portion of a debt recovered that is retained by or paid to a third party as compensation for services rendered in collecting the account.
Tax 11.30(2)(e)1.1. A purchaser of receivables is not entitled to a bad debt deduction for the receivables which subsequently become worthless.
Tax 11.30(2)(e)2.
2. A retailer who sells its receivables and agrees to bear any bad debt loss on them is entitled to a bad debt deduction to the same extent as if the accounts were not sold. However, a bad debt deduction is not allowable when receivables are sold outright at a discount.
Tax 11.30(2)(e)3.
3. A contractor engaged in real property construction activities is not entitled to a bad debt deduction, even though the total amount due the contractor under a real property construction contract cannot be collected, as the contractor is the consumer, not the retailer, of the tangible personal property or item or property under s.
77.52 (1) (b) or
(c), Stats., used to fulfill the construction contract.
Tax 11.30(2)(e)4.
4. A retailer permitted to report the sales price on the cash receipts basis may not claim a bad debt deduction.
Tax 11.30(2)(f)
(f) Repossessions. When property, items, or goods on which a receivable exists are repossessed, a bad debt deduction is allowable only to the extent that the seller sustains a net loss of the sales price upon which tax was paid. A net loss occurs when the sum of the pro rata portion of all payments, credits and the wholesale value of the repossessed property, item, or good attributable to the cash sales price of the property, item, or good, is less than the cash sales price upon which sales or use tax was paid.
Tax 11.30 Note
Example: At the time when the tax rate is 5%, a motor home is purchased on January 1 of a year for a cash price of $15,000 and sales tax of $750. A down payment of $2,150 is made at the date of purchase, leaving a balance to finance of $13,600. The motor home is financed with the seller for a period of one year at the rate of 10% of the amount financed. After receiving periodic payments totaling $6,800, the motor home is repossessed. The wholesale value of the property is $6,000 on the date of repossession. The deductible bad debt loss upon repossession of the motor home is computed as follows:
-
See PDF for table 
Tax 11.30 Note
(1) The down payment on line 2 is allocated between the total cash sales price of the motor home and the sales tax thereon on the basis of the percentage of each to their total. The percentages are shown on line 12.
Tax 11.30 Note
(2) The payments on the contract on line 6 and the wholesale value on the date of repossession of the property repossessed on line 8 are allocated on the basis of the contract balances on line 5. The percentages thereof are shown on line 13.
Tax 11.30(3)
(3)
Tax rate change. If a deduction for bad debts is being claimed in a period when the tax rate is different from the tax rate in effect when the sale or sales were reported on tax returns, an adjustment to the deduction shall be made to compensate for the tax rate differential.
Tax 11.30 Note
Example: If tax was reported on a $1,000 sale when the tax rate was 4%, $40 tax was reported. If a bad debt deduction is taken for the sale in a 5% tax rate period, only 80% of the $1,000, or $800, may be taken as a bad debt, resulting in a tax credit of $40. Four percent divided by 5% equals 80%.
Tax 11.30 Note
Note: The interpretations in s.
Tax 11.30 are effective under the general sales and use tax law on and after September 1, 1969, except that (a) the 4% tax rate was increased to 5% on May 1, 1982; (b) The deduction for bad debts was revised effective October 1, 2009 pursuant to
2009 Wis. Act 2; and (c) The change of the term “gross receipts" to “sales price" and the separate impositions of tax on coins and stamps sold above face value under s.
77.52 (1) (b), Stats., certain leased property affixed to real property under s.
77.52 (1) (c), Stats., and digital goods under s.
77.52 (1) (d), Stats., became effective October 1, 2009, pursuant to
2009 Wis. Act 2.
Tax 11.30 History
History: Cr.
Register, November, 1977, No. 263, eff. 12-1-77; am. (2) (a) and cr. (3),
Register, September, 1984, No. 345, eff. 10-1-84; am. (2) (c) 1. and (d) 1.,
Register, June, 1991, No. 426, eff. 7-1-91;
EmR0924: emerg. am. (1), r. and recr. (2), eff. 10-1-09;
CR 09-090: am. (1), r. and recr. (2)
Register May 2010 No. 653, eff. 6-1-10;
CR 10-094: am. (2) (a), (d) 1.
Register November 2010 No. 659, eff. 12-1-10.
Tax 11.32
Tax 11.32 “
Sales price" and “purchase price." Tax 11.32(1)(1)
General. The amount to which the sales and use tax rate is applied is the “sales price" for sales tax and the “purchase price" for use tax. Both “sales price" and “purchase price" mean the total amount of the consideration for the sale, license, lease or rental from retail sales of tangible personal property or items, property, or goods under s.
77.52 (1) (b),
(c), or
(d), Stats., or taxable services, valued in money, whether received in money or otherwise.
Tax 11.32(2)
(2)
Delivery, handling and service charges. A retailer's charges for customer alterations, handling services, small orders, returned merchandise, restocking, split shipments, shipping, postage, crating, packing, fuel surcharges, and similar charges for services related to retail sales, are included in the sales price derived from the sale of taxable tangible personal property, items, property, or goods under s.
77.52 (1) (b),
(c), or
(d), Stats., or taxable services. Cancelled order charges are not taxable if there is no transfer of merchandise to a customer. For orders that include property and items that are subject to tax and property and items that are not subject to tax, the amount of the delivery charge that the seller allocates to the property and items subject to tax shall be based either upon the total sales price of property and items that are subject to tax as compared to the total sales price of all of the property and items included in the shipment or on the weight of the property and items subject to tax compared to the total weight of all of the property and items included in the shipment.
Tax 11.32(3)(a)
(a) Cash discounts, term discounts and coupons that are not reimbursed by a third party and which are allowed by a retailer directly to customers reduce the sales price subject to the tax. The customer must receive the discount for the retailer to exclude it from the sales price.
Tax 11.32 Note
Example: A payment made to a nonprofit organization based on a percentage of the purchases made by the group's members is not a cash discount for sales and use tax purposes.
Tax 11.32(3)(b)
(b) A retail cooperative's rebates to members, which are made after the net profit is determined at the end of a year, are patronage dividends rather than cash discounts, and are not deductible from the cooperative's sales price.
Tax 11.32(3)(c)
(c) A manufacturer's cash rebate to a person who purchases tangible personal property, items, property, or goods under s.
77.52 (1) (b),
(c), or
(d), Stats., or taxable services from a retailer is not a reduction in the retailer's sales price or purchase price for the item, regardless of whether the rebate is paid in cash or is used to reduce the selling price.
Tax 11.32 Note
Example: An automobile is sold for a sticker price of $18,000. The manufacturer offers a $1,500 rebate with the purchase. Regardless of whether the customer pays the retailer $18,000 and later receives $1,500 from the manufacturer or the customer pays the retailer $16,500 ($18,000 sticker price less $1,500 rebate), the retailer shall report a taxable sales price of $18,000 from the sale.
Tax 11.32(3)(d)
(d) “Sales price" and “purchase price" include consideration paid by third parties if all of the following apply:
Tax 11.32(3)(d)1.
1. The seller actually receives consideration from a third party other than the purchaser and the consideration is directly related to a price reduction or discount on the sale.
Tax 11.32(3)(d)2.
2. The seller is obligated to pass the price reduction or discount to the purchaser.
Tax 11.32(3)(d)3.
3. The amount of the consideration that is attributable to the sale is a fixed amount and the seller is able to determine that amount at the time of the sale to the purchaser.
Tax 11.32(3)(d)4.a.
a. The purchaser presents a coupon, certificate or other documentation to the seller to claim the price reduction or discount, if the coupon, certificate or other documentation is authorized, distributed or granted by a third party with the understanding that the third party will reimburse the seller for the amount of the price reduction or discount.
Tax 11.32(3)(d)4.b.
b. The purchaser identifies himself or herself to the seller as a member of a group or organization that may claim the price reduction or discount.
Tax 11.32(3)(d)4.c.
c. The seller provides an invoice to the purchaser, or the purchaser presents a coupon, certificate or other documentation to the seller that identifies the price reduction or discount as a third party price reduction or discount.
Tax 11.32(3m)(a)
(a) The following charges related to the lease, license, or rental of tangible personal property, or items, property, or goods under s.
77.52 (1) (b),
(c), or
(d), Stats., are also included in the “sales price" or “purchase price":
Tax 11.32(3m)(a)1.
1. Personal property taxes, including any personal property tax administration fee, imposed on the lessor or licensor that are passed on to the lessee or licensee.
Tax 11.32 Note
Example: Company A leases a piece of equipment to Company B. Taxing Authority C imposes property tax of $125 on Company A on the piece of equipment that Company A is leasing to Company B. The lease agreement provides that Company B is required to pay Company A the amount of property taxes imposed on Company A on that piece of equipment. Therefore, the $125 payment that Company B is required to make to Company A for the property taxes imposed on the piece of equipment is part of the sales price subject to tax.
Tax 11.32 Note
Examples: 1) Lessor X leases a motor vehicle to Company Y. As part of the lease agreement, Company Y agrees to pay Lessor X, at the end of the lease term, a fee to prepare the vehicle for sale. This disposition fee is to cover costs incurred by Lessor X for cleaning the motor vehicle, tuning up the vehicle and performing final maintenance on the vehicle before it is sold. The disposition fee is part of the “sales price" of the lease of the motor vehicle.
Tax 11.32 Note
2) Lessor A leases laptop computers to Company B. As part of the lease agreement, Company B agrees to pay Lessor A a fee to remove all data from the hard drive of the laptop computer at the end of the lease term after Company B returns the computer to Lessor A. The fee charged by Lessor A to Company B for removing all of the data from the hard drive is part of the “sales price" of the lease of the laptop computer.
Tax 11.32(3m)(a)4.
4. Service contract charges, warranty charges, and maintenance agreement charges.
Tax 11.32(3m)(b)
(b) The following charges related to the lease, license, or rental of tangible personal property, or items, property, or goods under s.
77.52 (1) (b),
(c), or
(d), Stats., are not included in the “sales price" or “purchase price" if they are separately stated on the invoice, bill of sale, or similar document provided to the lessee or licensee:
Tax 11.32 Note
Example: Company A leases a piece of equipment to Company B. Taxing Authority C imposes property tax of $100 on Company B on that piece of equipment. The lease agreement provides that Company B is responsible for any property taxes imposed on that piece of equipment. Since the $100 of property taxes are imposed directly on Company B, as opposed to being imposed on Company A, the property taxes imposed on the piece of equipment are not part of the sales price and are not subject to tax.
Tax 11.32(3m)(b)3.
3. Late payment fees that do not extend the term of the lease, license, or rental.
Tax 11.32(3m)(b)5.
5. Insurance charges, including credit life and accident, casualty, theft, and loss, and gap insurance, as provided in s.
77.54 (8), Stats.
Tax 11.32(4)(a)
(a) Section
77.585 (7), Stats., provides in part that if a retailer establishes to the department's satisfaction that the sales tax has been added to the total amount of the sales price and has not been absorbed by the retailer, the total amount of the sales price shall be the amount received exclusive of the sales tax imposed. Therefore, when the tax is collected from customers who are notified of that fact, the amount of the tax collected is not included in the base to which the tax applies. The notification may be by any one of the following methods:
Tax 11.32(4)(a)1.
1. Providing the customer a receipt which separately itemizes the tax or states “Prices Include Sales Tax."
Tax 11.32(4)(a)2.
2. Conspicuously posting the bracket system card, Form
S-213, issued by the department.
Tax 11.32(4)(a)3.
3. Conspicuously posting a sign which states “Prices Include Sales Tax."
Tax 11.32 Note
Example: A tavern, located in a county which has a combined 5.5% Wisconsin state and county sales and use tax rate in effect, conspicuously posts a sign stating “Prices Include Sales Tax." The tavern's sales price from sales of food and beverages are $10,000 for the month. When filing its sales and use tax return, form ST-12, the tavern may deduct $521.33 of sales tax to arrive at taxable receipts of $9,478.67 ($10,000 ÷ 1.055 = $9,478.67). The tax payable by the tavern is determined by multiplying its taxable receipts times the tax rate ($9,478.67 x .055 = $521.33 tax payable).
Tax 11.32(4)(b)
(b) If a retailer cannot collect any tax because all sales are below the minimum price on which tax is collectible using the straight mathematical computation described in sub.
(5) (a) or under the bracket systems set forth in sub.
(5) (b), no part of the retailer's sales price may be treated as tax collected from customers.
Tax 11.32 Note
Example: A vending machine retailer whose only receipts are from sales of 5¢ items is unable to collect any sales tax from customers, and the tax applies to the total sales price.
Tax 11.32(4)(c)
(c) If a vending machine retailer sells taxable property at a price such that a sales tax is collectible using either the straight mathematical computation described in sub.
(5) (a) or the bracket systems set forth in sub.
(5) (b), part of the sales price from these sales shall include sales tax if customers are advised that the vending machine prices include sales tax.
Tax 11.32(5)(a)
(a) A retailer shall determine the amount of tax due on a transaction by combining the applicable tax rates under subchs. III and V, Stats., and multiplying the combined rate times the sales price or purchase price of each item or the total invoice amount. The tax collectible from the customer shall be rounded to the nearest $.0l by using the following rounding procedures:
Tax 11.32(5)(a)1.
1. For amounts less than $.005, the amount shall be rounded down to the next lowest penny.
Tax 11.32 Note
Examples: 1) Tax computed at $.0849999 would be rounded down to $.08.
Tax 11.32 Note
2) Tax computed at $3.2549 would be rounded down to $3.25.
Tax 11.32(5)(a)2.
2. For amounts equal to or greater than $.005, the amount shall be rounded up to the next highest penny.
Tax 11.32 Note
Examples: 1) Tax computed at $.085000 would be rounded up to $.09.
Tax 11.32 Note
2) Tax computed at $6.455001 would be rounded up to $6.46.
Tax 11.32 Note
3) Retailer A sells Customer B three different taxable items in one transaction: Item 1's selling price is $14.70, item 2's selling price is $8.30, and item 3's selling price is $7.10. The aggregate selling price of the taxable items is $30.10. The tax on the invoice provided to the customer may either be calculated by multiplying the 5% tax rate by the selling price of each item individually (($14.70 x 5% = $0.74) + ($8.30 x 5% = $0.42) + ($7.10 x 5% = $0.36) = $1.52) or by multiplying the 5% tax rate by the aggregate selling price ($30.10 x 5% = $1.51).
Tax 11.32(5)(b)
(b) The following bracket systems represent straight mathematical computations that comply with s.
77.61 (3m), Stats., and may be used by a retailer to determine the amount of tax due on a transaction. When using the bracket system, a retailer shall determine the amount of tax due on a transaction using either the sales price of each item or the total invoice amount.
On sales exceeding $1.00, the state tax equals 5¢ for each full dollar of sales, plus the tax shown above for the applicable fractional part of a dollar.
The state and county tax equals 11¢ for each $2.00 of sales, plus the tax shown above for the fractional part of $2.00.
Tax 11.32 Note
Example: For a sale of $11.50, the 5.5% tax is 63¢, consisting of 55¢ for $10.00 of sales plus 8¢ for $1.50 of sales.
The state and stadium tax equals 51¢ for each $10.00 of sales, plus the tax shown above for the fractional part of $10.00.
The state, county and stadium tax equals 56¢ for each $10.00 of sales, plus the tax shown above for the fractional part of $10.00.
Tax 11.32(5)(c)
(c) The gross sales and use tax payable by a retailer on retail sales is the total of the applicable tax rates under ss.
77.52 (1) and
(2),
77.53 (3) and
(9m) and
77.71, Stats., times the retailer's taxable sales price, regardless of the amount of tax collected from customers.
Tax 11.32(6)
(6)
Exchanging tangible personal property or items, property, or goods under s. 77.52 (1) (b), (c), or (d), Stats. The taxable sales price includes the exchange of tangible personal property or items, property, or goods under s.
77.52 (1) (b),
(c), or
(d), Stats., for taxable or nontaxable services, realty, or intangibles if the person providing the tangible personal property or items, property, or goods under s.
77.52 (1) (b),
(c), or
(d), Stats., receives the sales price or purchase price valued in money, whether received in money or otherwise.
Tax 11.32 Note
Example: A restaurant operator exchanges meals having a retail price of $100 for radio or television advertising which has an established price of $100 for this type of advertising service. The restaurant operator and the radio or television station each have to report the sales price of $100 as a result of the transaction since the total sales reported on the sales and use tax return includes both taxable and nontaxable transactions.
Tax 11.32 Note
The radio station may, however, deduct the $100 from its total sales reported on its sales and use tax return, if the advertising service that it is selling is not subject to Wisconsin sales or use tax. The restaurant operator's sales of these meals are taxable. Therefore, no deduction may be taken on the restaurant operator's sales and use tax return relating to these meals.
Tax 11.32(7)(a)(a) The sales price and purchase price do not include 35% of the amount from the sale of a new manufactured home as defined in s.
101.91 (11), Stats., not including leases and rentals.
Tax 11.32(7)(b)
(b) If the exclusion under par.
(a) applies to the sale of a manufactured home, no reduction in the sales price or purchase price is allowed for trade-ins.
