Subchapter II — Surface Water Treatment and Groundwater Under the Direct Influence of Surface Water Treatment Operations
NR 810.27 General requirements for all surface water and groundwater under the direct influence of surface water systems.
NR 810.28 Requirements for covers on water storage structures.
NR 810.29 Basic filtration requirements.
NR 810.295 Filter backwash handling.
NR 810.30 Criteria for avoiding filtration for groundwater under the direct influence of surface water systems.
NR 810.31 Disinfection requirements for Giardia lamblia and viruses.
NR 810.32 Disinfection profiling and benchmarking.
NR 810.33 Enhanced treatment requirements for Cryptosporidium.
NR 810.34 Cryptosporidium bin classification for filtered systems.
NR 810.35 Cryptosporidium treatment requirements for filtered systems.
NR 810.36 Cryptosporidium treatment requirements for groundwater under the direct influence of surface water systems that do not filter.
NR 810.37 Cryptosporidium treatment requirement compliance schedule.
NR 810.38 Monitoring requirements.
NR 810.39 Reporting requirements.
NR 810.40 Recordkeeping requirements.
Subchapter III — Toolbox Options for Meeting Enhanced Treatment for Cryptosporidium Requirements
NR 810.41 Microbial toolbox options.
NR 810.42 Source toolbox components.
NR 810.43 Pre-filtration treatment toolbox components.
NR 810.44 Treatment performance toolbox components.
NR 810.45 Additional filtration toolbox components.
Subchapter IV — Inactivation Toolbox Components and CT Tables
NR 810.46 Inactivation toolbox components.
NR 810.47 CT table for giardia when using free chlorine at 0.5
°C or lower.
NR 810.48 CT table for giardia when using free chlorine at 5
°C.
NR 810.49 CT table for giardia when using free chlorine at 10
°C.
NR 810.50 CT table for giardia when using free chlorine at 15
°C.
NR 810.51 CT table for giardia when using free chlorine at 20
°C.
NR 810.52 CT table for giardia when using free chlorine at 25
°C.
NR 810.53 CT table for viruses when using free chlorine.
NR 810.54 CT table for Giardia lamblia when using chlorine dioxide.
NR 810.55 CT table for viruses when using chlorine dioxide.
NR 810.56 CT table for Cryptosporidium when using chlorine dioxide.
NR 810.57 CT table for Giardia lamblia when using chloramines.
NR 810.58 CT table for viruses when using chloramines.
NR 810.59 CT table for Giardia lamblia when using ozone.
NR 810.60 CT table for viruses when using ozone.
NR 810.61 CT table for Cryptosporidium when using ozone.
NR 810.62 UV dose table for Cryptosporidium, Giardia lamblia, and viruses.
NR 810.01
NR 810.01 Applicability. This chapter governs the general operation and maintenance of all public water systems, unless noted otherwise within each section. This chapter shall apply to each public water system, unless the public water system meets all of the following conditions:
NR 810.01(1)
(1) Consists only of distribution and storage facilities, and does not have any collection or treatment facilities.
NR 810.01(2)
(2) Obtains all of its water from, but is not owned or operated by, a public water system to which such regulations apply.
NR 810.01(4)
(4) Is not a carrier which conveys passengers in interstate commerce.
NR 810.01 Note
Note: The authority to promulgate and enforce these rules is contained in chs.
280 and
281, Stats. Pursuant to s.
299.97, Stats., any person who violates this chapter shall forfeit not less than $10 nor more than $5,000 for each violation. Each day of continued violation is a separate offense.
NR 810.01 History
History: CR 09-073: cr.
Register November 2010 No. 659, eff. 12-1-10.
NR 810.015(1)
(1) If the owner of a water system determines that compliance with the operation and maintenance requirements of this chapter is impracticable, the owner may submit in writing to the department a request to use alternative criteria. This request shall contain the reasons that compliance with the operation and maintenance criteria is impracticable and alternative criteria for which department approval is sought and all pertinent facts, data, reports and studies supporting the proposed alternative.
NR 810.015(2)
(2) If the department determines that compliance with the operation and maintenance requirements of this chapter would be impracticable in any specific case, or that an alternative proposed has additional benefits with adequate safeguards, it may approve alternative criteria which are in substantial compliance with the requirements of this chapter.
NR 810.015 History
History: CR 09-073: cr.
Register November 2010 No. 659, eff. 12-1-10.
NR 810.02
NR 810.02 Definitions. In this chapter:
NR 810.02(1)
(1) “A.N.S.I." means the American National Standards Institute.
NR 810.02 Note
Note: The ANSI address is 25 West 43rd St, New York, NY 10036.
NR 810.02(2)
(2) “A.P.I." means the American Petroleum Institute.
NR 810.02 Note
Note: The API address is 1220 L Street NW, Washington, DC 20005-4070.
NR 810.02(3)
(3) “Approval" means the written approval of the department for any project requiring approval pursuant to s.
281.41, Stats., and
s. NR 108.03 for community systems, and
s. NR 812.09 for non-community systems.
NR 810.02(4)
(4) “ASTM" or “ASTM International" means the organization formerly known as the American Society for Testing and Material.
NR 810.02 Note
Note: The ASTM or ASTM International address is 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19148-2959.
NR 810.02(5)
(5) “A.W.W.A." means the American Water Works Association.
NR 810.02 Note
Note: The AWWA address is 6666 West Quincy Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80235.
NR 810.02(6)
(6) “Community water system" means a public water system which serves at least 15 service connections used by year-round residents or regularly serves at least 25 year-round residents. Any water system serving 7 or more homes, 10 or more mobile homes, 10 or more apartment units, 10 or more duplex units, or 10 or more condominium units shall be considered a community water system unless information is provided by the owners indicating that 25 year-round residents will not be served.
NR 810.02(7)
(7) “Consecutive system" means a public water system that receives some or all of its finished water from one or more wholesale suppliers or wholesaler systems through a master metering system. This system may also be known as a wholesale purchaser or wholesale customer. Delivery may be through a direct connection or through the distribution system of one or more consecutive systems.
NR 810.02(8)
(8) “Conventional filtration treatment" means a series of processes including coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration resulting in substantial particulate removal.
NR 810.02(9)
(9) “Cross connection" means a connection or potential connection between any part of a water supply system and another environment containing substances in a manner that, under any circumstances, would allow the substances to enter the water supply system by means of back siphonage or back pressure.
NR 810.02(10)
(10) “CT" or “CT calc" is the product of the residual disinfectant concentration (C) in mg/l determined before or at the first customer, and the corresponding disinfectant contact time (T) in minutes, for example, “C" x “T". If a public water system applies disinfectants at more than one point prior to the first customer, the water supplier shall determine the CT of each disinfectant sequence before or at the first customer, to determine the total percent inactivation or “total inactivation ratio." The inactivation ratio for a single disinfectant sequence is:
where “CT
table" is the CT value required for the target organism and the target level of inactivation as contained in
ss. NR 810.47 to
810.61. The sum of the inactivation ratios, or total inactivation ratio for a series of disinfection sequences is:
and is calculated by adding together the inactivation ratio for each disinfection sequence. In determining the total inactivation ratio, the water supplier shall determine the residual disinfectant concentration of each sequence and corresponding contact time before any subsequent disinfection application points. A total inactivation ratio equal to or greater than 1.0 is assumed to provide the target level of disinfection of the target organism.
NR 810.02(11)
(11) “Department" means the department of natural resources.
NR 810.02(12)
(12) “Diatomaceous earth filtration" means a process resulting in substantial particulate removal in which all of the following occurs:
NR 810.02(12)(a)
(a) A precoat cake of diatomaceous earth filter media is deposited on a support membrane or septum.
NR 810.02(12)(b)
(b) While the water is filtered by passing through the cake on the septum, additional filter media known as body feed is continuously added to the feed water to maintain the permeability of the filter cake.
NR 810.02(13)
(13) “Direct filtration" means a series of processes including coagulation and filtration but excluding sedimentation resulting in substantial particulate removal.
NR 810.02(14)
(14) “Disinfectant contact time" (“T" in CT calculations) means the time in minutes that it takes for water to move from the point of disinfectant application or the previous point of disinfectant residual measurement to a point before or at the point where residual disinfectant concentration (“C") is measured.
NR 810.02(14)(a)
(a) Where only one “C" is measured, “T" is the time in minutes that it takes for water to move from the point of disinfectant application to a point before or where residual disinfectant concentration (“C") is measured.
NR 810.02(14)(b)
(b) Where more than one “C" is measured, “T" is determined as follows:
NR 810.02(14)(b)1.
1. For the first measurement of “C", “T" is the time in minutes that it takes for water to move from the first or only point of disinfectant application to a point before or at the point where the first “C" is measured.
NR 810.02(14)(b)2.
2. For subsequent measurements of “C", “T" is the time in minutes that it takes for water to move from the previous “C" measurement point to the “C" measurement point for which the particular “T" is being calculated.
NR 810.02(14)(c)
(c) Disinfectant contact time in pipelines shall be calculated based on “plug flow" by dividing the internal volume of the pipe by the maximum hourly flow rate through the pipe.
NR 810.02(14)(d)
(d) Disinfectant contact time within mixing basins and storage reservoirs shall be determined by tracer studies or other department approved equivalent demonstration.
NR 810.02(15)
(15) “Disinfection" means a process which inactivates pathogenic organisms in water by chemical oxidants or equivalent agents.
NR 810.02(16)
(16) “Disinfection profile" means a summary of daily
Giardia lamblia inactivation through the treatment plant. The procedure for developing a disinfection profile is contained in
s. NR 810.32.
NR 810.02(17)
(17) “Displacement zone" means the 3-dimensional subsurface region surrounding an aquifer storage recovery well into which treated drinking water is placed for storage and later recovery.
NR 810.02(18)
(18) “Distribution system" means all pipes or conduits by which water is delivered to consumers except piping and fixtures inside buildings served, water services and private water mains as defined in
ch. SPS 381.
NR 810.02(19)
(19) “Entry point" means a location in the water system after treatment or chemical addition, if any, but prior to the distribution system.
NR 810.02(20)
(20) “Filtered system" means a public water system that is required to use filtration to meet the basic filtration requirements of
s. NR 810.29.
