Chapter NR 665

NR 665.0111 NR 665.0111 Closure performance standard. The owner or operator shall close the facility in a manner that does all of the following:

NR 665.0111(1) (1) Minimizes the need for further maintenance.

NR 665.0111(2) (2) Controls, minimizes or eliminates, to the extent necessary to protect human health and the environment, post-closure escape of hazardous waste, hazardous constituents, leachate, contaminated run-off or hazardous waste decomposition products to the ground or surface waters or to the atmosphere.

NR 665.0111(3) (3) Complies with the closure requirements of this subchapter, including, but not limited to, the requirements of ss. NR 665.0197, 665.0228, 665.0258, 665.0310, 665.0351, 665.0381, 665.0404 and 665.1102.

NR 665.0111(4) (4) Meets, in the case of a landfill or surface impoundment, applicable requirements in ch. NR 140 and applicable soil cleanup standards in ch. NR 720 or meets the applicable closure requirements of sub. (2) or (3), whichever are more stringent.

NR 665.0111 History History: CR 05-032: cr. Register July 2006 No. 607, eff. 8-1-06.

NR 665.0112 NR 665.0112 Closure plan; amendment of plan.

NR 665.0112(1) (1) Written plan. By February 1, 1982, or by 6 months after the effective date of the rule that first subjects a facility to provisions of this section, the owner or operator of a hazardous waste management facility shall have a written closure plan. Until final closure is completed and certified in accordance with s. NR 665.0115, a copy of the most current plan shall be furnished to the department upon request, including request by mail. In addition, for facilities without approved plans, it shall also be provided during site inspections, on the day of inspection, to any officer, employee or representative of the department.

NR 665.0112(2) (2) Content of plan. The plan shall identify steps necessary to perform partial or final closure of the facility, or both, at any point during its active life. The closure plan shall include, at least all of the following:

NR 665.0112(2)(a) (a) A description of how each hazardous waste management unit at the facility will be closed in accordance with s. NR 665.0111.

NR 665.0112(2)(b) (b) A description of how final closure of the facility will be conducted in accordance with s. NR 665.0111. The description shall identify the maximum extent of the operation which will be unclosed during the active life of the facility.

NR 665.0112(2)(c) (c) An estimate of the maximum inventory of hazardous wastes ever on-site over the active life of the facility and a detailed description of the methods to be used during partial and final closure, including, but not limited to methods for removing, transporting, treating, storing or disposing of all hazardous waste, identification of and the types of off-site hazardous waste management units to be used, if applicable.

NR 665.0112(2)(d) (d) A detailed description of the steps needed to remove or decontaminate all hazardous waste residues and contaminated containment system components, equipment, structures and soils during partial and final closure including, but not limited to, procedures for cleaning equipment and removing contaminated soils, methods for sampling and testing surrounding soils and criteria for determining the extent of decontamination necessary to satisfy the closure performance standard.

NR 665.0112(2)(e) (e) A detailed description of other activities necessary during the partial and final closure period to ensure that all partial closures and final closure satisfy the closure performance standards, including, but not limited to, groundwater monitoring, leachate collection and run-on and run-off control.

NR 665.0112(2)(f) (f) A schedule for closure of each hazardous waste management unit and for final closure of the facility. The schedule shall include, at a minimum, the total time required to close each hazardous waste management unit and the time required for intervening closure activities which will allow tracking of the progress of partial and final closure. (For example, in the case of a landfill unit, estimates of the time required to treat or dispose of all hazardous waste inventory and of the time required to place a final cover shall be included.).

NR 665.0112(2)(g) (g) An estimate of the expected year of final closure for facilities that use trust funds to demonstrate financial assurance under s. NR 665.0143 or 665.0145 and whose remaining operating life is less than 20 years, and for facilities without approved closure plans.

NR 665.0112(2)(h) (h) For facilities where the department has applied alternative requirements at a regulated unit under s. NR 665.0090 (6), 665.0110 (4) or 665.0140 (4), either the alternative requirements applying to the regulated unit, or a reference to the enforceable document containing those alternative requirements.

NR 665.0112(3) (3) Amendment of plan. The owner or operator may amend the closure plan at any time prior to the notification of partial or final closure of the facility. An owner or operator with an approved closure plan shall submit a written request to the department to authorize a change to the approved closure plan. The written request shall include a copy of the amended closure plan for approval by the department.

NR 665.0112(3)(a) (a) The owner or operator shall amend the closure plan under any of the following circumstances:

NR 665.0112(3)(a)1. 1. Changes in operating plans or facility design affect the closure plan.

NR 665.0112(3)(a)2. 2. There is a change in the expected year of closure, if applicable.

NR 665.0112(3)(a)3. 3. In conducting partial or final closure activities, unexpected events require a modification of the closure plan.

NR 665.0112(3)(a)4. 4. The owner or operator requests the department to apply alternative requirements to a regulated unit under s. NR 665.0090 (6), 665.0110 (4) or 665.0140 (4).

NR 665.0112(3)(b) (b) The owner or operator shall amend the closure plan at least 60 days prior to the proposed change in facility design or operation, or no later than 60 days after an unexpected event has occurred which has affected the closure plan. If an unexpected event occurs during the partial or final closure period, the owner or operator shall amend the closure plan no later than 30 days after the unexpected event. This paragraph also applies to owners or operators of surface impoundments and waste piles who intended to remove all hazardous wastes at closure, but are required to close as landfills in accordance with s. NR 665.0310.

NR 665.0112(3)(c) (c) An owner or operator with an approved closure plan shall submit the modified plan to the department at least 60 days prior to the proposed change in facility design or operation, or no more than 60 days after an unexpected event has occurred which has affected the closure plan. If an unexpected event has occurred during the partial or final closure period, the owner or operator shall submit the modified plan no more than 30 days after the unexpected event. This paragraph also applies to owners or operators of surface impoundments and waste piles who intended to remove all hazardous wastes at closure but are required to close as landfills in accordance with s. NR 665.0310. If the amendment to the plan is a class 2 or 3 modification according to the criteria in s. NR 670.042, the modification to the plan will be approved according to the procedures in sub. (4) (d).

NR 665.0112(3)(d) (d) The department may request modifications to the plan under the conditions described in par. (a). An owner or operator with an approved closure plan shall submit the modified plan within 60 days of the request from the department, or within 30 days if the unexpected event occurs during partial or final closure. If the amendment is considered a class 2 or 3 modification according to the criteria in s. NR 670.042, the modification to the plan will be approved in accordance with the procedures in sub. (4) (d).

NR 665.0112(4) (4) Notification of partial closure and final closure.

NR 665.0112(4)(a) (a) The owner or operator shall notify the department in writing of the intent to close the facility at least 180 days prior to the partial or final closure of a hazardous waste facility. The owner or operator shall submit the closure plan to the department at least 180 days prior to the date on which the owner or operator expects to begin closure of the first surface impoundment, waste pile, or landfill unit, or final closure if it involves such a unit, whichever is earlier. The owner or operator shall submit the closure plan to the department at least 45 days prior to the date on which the owner or operator expects to begin partial or final closure of a boiler or industrial furnace. The owner or operator shall submit the closure plan to the department at least 45 days prior to the date on which the owner or operator expects to begin final closure of a facility with only tanks, container storage or incinerator units.

NR 665.0112(4)(b) (b) The date when the owner or operator “expects to begin closure” shall be either of the following:

NR 665.0112(4)(b)1. 1. Within 30 days after the date on which any hazardous waste management unit receives the known final volume of hazardous wastes, or, if there is a reasonable possibility that the hazardous waste management unit will receive additional hazardous wastes, no later than one year after the date on which the unit received the most recent volume of hazardous waste. If the owner or operator of a hazardous waste management unit can demonstrate to the department that the hazardous waste management unit or facility has the capacity to receive additional hazardous wastes and the owner or operator has taken, and will continue to take, all steps to prevent threats to human health and the environment, including compliance with all interim license requirements, the department may approve an extension to this one-year limit.

NR 665.0112(4)(b)2. 2. For units meeting the requirements of s. NR 665.0113 (4), no later than 30 days after the date on which the hazardous waste management unit receives the known final volume of nonhazardous wastes, or if there is a reasonable possibility that the hazardous waste management unit will receive additional nonhazardous wastes, no later than one year after the date on which the unit received the most recent volume of nonhazardous wastes. If the owner or operator can demonstrate to the department that the hazardous waste management unit has the capacity to receive additional nonhazardous wastes and the owner or operator has taken, and will continue to take, all steps to prevent threats to human health and the environment, including compliance with all applicable interim license requirements, the department may approve an extension to this one-year limit.

NR 665.0112(4)(c) (c) The owner or operator shall submit its closure plan to the department no later than 15 days after either of the following:

NR 665.0112(4)(c)1. 1. Denial, suspension or revocation of an interim license except when an operating license is issued simultaneously with revocation of an interim license.

NR 665.0112(4)(c)2. 2. Issuance of a judicial decree, department order, or final order pursuant to 42 USC 6928 (h) to cease receiving waste or close.

NR 665.0112(4)(d) (d) The department will provide the owner or operator and the public, through a newspaper notice, the opportunity to submit written comments on the plan and request modifications to the plan no later than 30 days from the date of the notice. The department will also, in response to a request or at its own discretion, hold a public hearing whenever such a hearing might clarify one or more issues concerning a closure plan. The department will give public notice of the hearing at least 30 days before it occurs. (Public notice of the hearing may be given at the same time as notice of the opportunity for the public to submit written comments, and the 2 notices may be combined.) The department will approve, modify or disapprove the plan within 90 days of its receipt. If the department does not approve the plan, it shall provide the owner or operator with a detailed written statement of reasons for the refusal and the owner or operator shall modify the plan or submit a new plan for approval within 30 days after receiving the written statement. The department will approve or modify this plan in writing within 60 days. If the department modifies the plan, this modified plan becomes the approved closure plan. The department shall assure that the approved plan is consistent with ss. NR 665.0111, 665.0113 to 665.0115 and this section and the applicable requirements of subch. F and ss. NR 665.0197, 665.0228, 665.0258, 665.0310, 665.0351, 665.0381, 665.0404 and 664.1102. A copy of the modified plan with a detailed statement of reasons for the modifications shall be mailed to the owner or operator.

NR 665.0112(5) (5) Removal of wastes and decontamination or dismantling of equipment. Nothing in this section shall preclude the owner or operator from removing hazardous wastes and decontaminating or dismantling equipment in accordance with the approved partial or final closure plan at any time before or after notification of partial or final closure.

NR 665.0112 History History: CR 05-032: cr. Register July 2006 No. 607, eff. 8-1-06; CR 19-082: am. (4) (c) 2. Register August 2020 No. 776, eff. 9-1-20.

NR 665.0113 NR 665.0113 Closure; time allowed for closure.

NR 665.0113(1) (1) Within 90 days after receiving the final volume of hazardous wastes, or the final volume of nonhazardous wastes if the owner or operator complies with all applicable requirements in subs. (4) and (5), at a hazardous waste management unit or facility, or within 90 days after approval of the closure plan, whichever is later, the owner or operator shall treat, remove from the unit or facility or dispose of on-site, all hazardous wastes in accordance with the approved closure plan. The department may approve a longer period if the owner or operator demonstrates that the conditions in pars. (a) and (b) are met:

NR 665.0113(1)(a) (a) Either of the following applies:

NR 665.0113(1)(a)1. 1. The activities required to comply with this subsection will, of necessity, take longer than 90 days to complete.

NR 665.0113(1)(a)2. 2. All of the following apply:

NR 665.0113(1)(a)2.a. a. The hazardous waste management unit or facility has the capacity to receive additional hazardous wastes, or has the capacity to receive non-hazardous wastes if the facility owner or operator complies with subs. (4) and (5).

NR 665.0113(1)(a)2.b. b. There is a reasonable likelihood that the owner or operator or another person will recommence operation of the hazardous waste management unit or the facility within one year.

NR 665.0113(1)(a)2.c. c. Closure of the hazardous waste management unit or facility would be incompatible with continued operation of the site.

NR 665.0113(1)(b) (b) The owner or operator has taken and will continue to take all steps to prevent threats to human health and the environment, including compliance with all applicable interim license requirements.

NR 665.0113(2) (2) The owner or operator shall complete partial and final closure activities in accordance with the approved closure plan and within 180 days after receiving the final volume of hazardous wastes, or the final volume of nonhazardous wastes if the owner or operator complies with all applicable requirements in subs. (4) and (5), at the hazardous waste management unit or facility, or 180 days after approval of the closure plan, if that is later. The department may approve an extension to the closure period if the owner or operator demonstrates that the conditions in pars. (a) and (b) are met:

NR 665.0113(2)(a) (a) Either of the following applies:

NR 665.0113(2)(a)1. 1. The partial or final closure activities will, of necessity, take longer than 180 days to complete.

NR 665.0113(2)(a)2. 2. All of the following apply:

NR 665.0113(2)(a)2.a. a. The hazardous waste management unit or facility has the capacity to receive additional hazardous wastes, or has the capacity to receive non-hazardous wastes if the facility owner or operator complies with subs. (4) and (5).

NR 665.0113(2)(a)2.b. b. There is reasonable likelihood that the owner or operator or another person will recommence operation of the hazardous waste management unit or the facility within one year.

NR 665.0113(2)(a)2.c. c. Closure of the hazardous waste management unit or facility would be incompatible with continued operation of the site.

NR 665.0113(2)(b) (b) The owner or operator has taken and will continue to take all steps to prevent threats to human health and the environment from the unclosed but not operating hazardous waste management unit or facility, including compliance with all applicable interim license requirements.

NR 665.0113(3) (3) The demonstrations referred to in subs. (1) (a) and (2) (a) shall be made as follows:

NR 665.0113(3)(a) (a) The demonstrations in sub. (1) (a) shall be made at least 30 days prior to the expiration of the 90-day period in sub. (1).

NR 665.0113(3)(b) (b) The demonstration in sub. (2) (a) shall be made at least 30 days prior to the expiration of the 180-day period in sub. (2), unless the owner or operator is otherwise subject to the deadlines in sub. (4).

NR 665.0113(4) (4) The department may allow an owner or operator to receive non-hazardous wastes in a landfill, or surface impoundment unit after the final receipt of hazardous wastes at that unit if all the following conditions are met:

NR 665.0113(4)(a) (a) The owner or operator submits an amended feasibility and plan of operation report, or a feasibility and plan of operation report, if not previously required, and demonstrates that all the following criteria are met:

NR 665.0113(4)(a)1. 1. The unit has the existing design capacity as indicated on the part A application to receive non-hazardous wastes.

NR 665.0113(4)(a)2. 2. There is a reasonable likelihood that the owner or operator or another person will receive non-hazardous wastes in the unit within one year after the final receipt of hazardous wastes.

NR 665.0113(4)(a)3. 3. The non-hazardous wastes will not be incompatible with any remaining wastes in the unit or with the facility design and operating requirements of the unit or facility under this chapter.

NR 665.0113(4)(a)4. 4. Closure of the hazardous waste management unit would be incompatible with continued operation of the unit or facility.

NR 665.0113(4)(a)5. 5. The owner or operator is operating and will continue to operate in compliance with all applicable interim license requirements.

NR 665.0113(4)(b) (b) The feasibility and plan of operation report includes an amended waste analysis plan, groundwater monitoring and response program, human exposure assessment required under 42 USC 6939a and closure and long-term care plans, and updated cost estimates and demonstrations of financial assurance for closure and long-term care as necessary and appropriate to reflect any changes due to the presence of hazardous constituents in the non-hazardous wastes, and changes in closure activities, including the expected year of closure if applicable under s. NR 665.0112 (2) (g), as a result of the receipt of non-hazardous wastes following the final receipt of hazardous wastes.

NR 665.0113(4)(c) (c) The feasibility and plan of operation report is amended, as necessary and appropriate, to account for the receipt of non-hazardous wastes following receipt of the final volume of hazardous wastes.

NR 665.0113(4)(d) (d) The feasibility and plan of operation report and the demonstrations referred to in pars. (a) and (b) are submitted to the department no later than 180 days prior to the date on which the owner or operator of the facility receives the known final volume of hazardous wastes, or no later than 90 days after August 1, 2006, whichever is later.

NR 665.0113(5) (5) In addition to the requirements in sub. (4), an owner or operator of a hazardous waste surface impoundment that is not in compliance with the liner and leachate collection system requirements in 42 USC 6924(o)(1) and 6925(j)(1) or 42 USC 6924(o)(2) or (3) or 6925(j)(2), (3), (4) or (13) shall do all of the following:

NR 665.0113(5)(a) (a) Submit with the feasibility and plan of operation report both of the following:

NR 665.0113(5)(a)1. 1. A contingent corrective measures plan.

NR 665.0113(5)(a)2. 2. A plan for removing hazardous wastes in compliance with par. (b).

NR 665.0113(5)(b) (b) Remove all hazardous wastes from the unit by removing all hazardous liquids and removing all hazardous sludges to the extent practicable without impairing the integrity of the liners, if any.

NR 665.0113(5)(c) (c) Removal of hazardous wastes shall be completed no later than 90 days after the final receipt of hazardous wastes. The department may approve an extension to this deadline if the owner or operator demonstrates that the removal of hazardous wastes will, of necessity, take longer than the allotted period to complete and that an extension will not pose a threat to human health and the environment.

NR 665.0113(5)(d) (d) If a release that is a statistically significant increase (or decrease in the case of pH) in hazardous constituents over background levels is detected in accordance with the requirements in subch. F, the owner or operator of the unit:

NR 665.0113(5)(d)1. 1. Shall implement corrective measures in accordance with the approved contingent corrective measures plan required by par. (a) no later than one year after detection of the release, or approval of the contingent corrective measures plan, whichever is later.

NR 665.0113(5)(d)2. 2. May receive wastes at the unit following detection of the release only if the approved corrective measures plan includes a demonstration that continued receipt of wastes will not impede corrective action.

NR 665.0113(5)(d)3. 3. May be required by the department to implement corrective measures in less than one year or to cease receipt of wastes until corrective measures have been implemented if necessary to protect human health and the environment.

NR 665.0113(5)(e) (e) During the period of corrective action, the owner or operator shall provide annual reports to the department describing the progress of the corrective action program, compile all groundwater monitoring data, and evaluate the effect of the continued receipt of non-hazardous wastes on the effectiveness of the corrective action.

NR 665.0113(5)(f) (f) The department may require the owner or operator to commence closure of the unit if the owner or operator fails to implement corrective action measures in accordance with the approved contingent corrective measures plan within one year as required in par. (d), or fails to make substantial progress in implementing corrective action and achieving the facility’s background levels.

NR 665.0113(5)(g) (g) If the owner or operator fails to implement corrective measures as required in par. (d), or if the department determines that substantial progress has not been made pursuant to par. (f), the department shall:

NR 665.0113(5)(g)1. 1. Notify the owner or operator in writing that the owner or operator shall begin closure in accordance with the deadlines in subs. (1) and (2) and provide a detailed statement of reasons for this determination.

NR 665.0113(5)(g)2. 2. Provide the owner or operator and the public, through a newspaper notice, the opportunity to submit written comments on the decision no later than 20 days after the date of the notice.

NR 665.0113(5)(g)3. 3. If the department receives no written comments, the decision will become final 5 days after the close of the comment period. The department will notify the owner or operator that the decision is final, and that a revised closure plan, if necessary, shall be submitted within 15 days of the final notice and that closure shall begin in accordance with the deadlines in subs. (1) and (2).

NR 665.0113(5)(g)4. 4. If the department receives written comments on the decision, it shall make a final decision within 30 days after the end of the comment period, and provide the owner or operator in writing and the public through a newspaper notice, a detailed statement of reasons for the final decision. If the department determines that substantial progress has not been made, closure shall be initiated in accordance with the deadlines in subs. (1) and (2).

NR 665.0113(5)(g)5. 5. The final determinations made by the department under subds. 3. and 4. are not subject to administrative appeal.

NR 665.0113 History History: CR 05-032: cr. Register July 2006 No. 607, eff. 8-1-06; CR 16-007: am. (5) (e) Register July 2017 No. 739, eff. 8-1-17.

NR 665.0114 NR 665.0114 Disposal or decontamination of equipment, structures and soils. During the partial and final closure periods, all contaminated equipment, structures and soil shall be properly disposed of, or decontaminated unless specified otherwise in s. NR 665.0197, 665.0228, 665.0258 or 665.0310. By removing all hazardous wastes or hazardous constituents during partial and final closure, the owner or operator may become a generator of hazardous waste and shall handle that hazardous waste in accordance with all applicable requirements of ch. NR 662.

NR 665.0114 History History: CR 05-032: cr. Register July 2006 No. 607, eff. 8-1-06.

NR 665.0115 NR 665.0115 Certification of closure. Within 60 days of completion of closure of each hazardous waste surface impoundment, waste pile and landfill unit, and within 60 days of completion of final closure, the owner or operator shall submit to the department, by registered mail, a certification that the hazardous waste management unit or facility, as applicable, has been closed in accordance with the specifications in the approved closure plan. The certification shall be signed by the owner or operator and by a qualified professional engineer. Documentation supporting the professional engineer’s certification shall be furnished to the department upon request until the department releases the owner or operator from the financial assurance requirements for closure under s. NR 665.0143 (10).