NR 664.1031(10)(10) “Distillation operation” means an operation, either batch or continuous, separating one or more feed streams into 2 or more exit streams, each exit stream having component concentrations different from those in the feed stream. The separation is achieved by the redistribution of the components between the liquid and vapor phase as they approach equilibrium within the distillation unit. NR 664.1031(11)(11) “Double block and bleed system” means 2 block valves connected in series with a bleed valve or line that can vent the line between the 2 block valves. NR 664.1031(12)(12) “Equipment” means each valve, pump, compressor, pressure relief device, sampling connection system, open-ended valve or line or flange or other connector and any control devices or systems required by this subchapter. NR 664.1031(13)(13) “Flame zone” means the portion of the combustion chamber in a boiler occupied by the flame envelope. NR 664.1031(14)(14) “Flow indicator” means a device that indicates whether gas flow is present in a vent stream. NR 664.1031(15)(15) “First attempt at repair” means to take rapid action for the purpose of stopping or reducing leakage of organic material to the atmosphere using best practices. NR 664.1031(16)(16) “Fractionation operation” means a distillation operation or method used to separate a mixture of several volatile components of different boiling points in successive stages, each stage removing from the mixture some proportion of one of the components. NR 664.1031(17)(17) “Hazardous waste management unit shutdown” means a work practice or operational procedure that stops operation of a hazardous waste management unit or part of a hazardous waste management unit. An unscheduled work practice or operational procedure that stops operation of a hazardous waste management unit or part of a hazardous waste management unit for less than 24 hours is not a hazardous waste management unit shutdown. The use of spare equipment and technically feasible bypassing of equipment without stopping operation are not hazardous waste management unit shutdowns. NR 664.1031(18)(18) “Hot well” means a container for collecting condensate as in a steam condenser serving a vacuum-jet or steam-jet ejector. NR 664.1031(19)(19) “In gas or vapor service” means that the piece of equipment contains or contacts a hazardous waste stream that is in the gaseous state at operating conditions. NR 664.1031(20)(20) “In heavy liquid service” means that the piece of equipment is not in gas or vapor service or in light liquid service. NR 664.1031(21)(21) “In light liquid service” means that the piece of equipment contains or contacts a waste stream where the vapor pressure of one or more of the organic components in the stream is greater than 0.3 kilopascals (kPa) at 20°C, the total concentration of the pure organic components having a vapor pressure greater than 0.3 kilopascals (kPa) at 20°C is equal to or greater than 20% by weight and the fluid is a liquid at operating conditions. NR 664.1031(22)(22) “In situ sampling systems” means nonextractive samplers or in-line samplers. NR 664.1031(23)(23) “In vacuum service” means that equipment is operating at an internal pressure that is at least 5 kPa below ambient pressure. NR 664.1031(24)(24) “Malfunction” means any sudden failure of a control device or a hazardous waste management unit or failure of a hazardous waste management unit to operate in a normal or usual manner, so that organic emissions are increased. NR 664.1031(25)(25) “Open-ended valve or line” means any valve, except pressure relief valves, having one side of the valve seat in contact with hazardous waste and one side open to the atmosphere, either directly or through open piping. NR 664.1031(26)(26) “Pressure release” means the emission of materials resulting from the system pressure being greater than the set pressure of the pressure relief device. NR 664.1031(27)(27) “Process heater” means a device that transfers heat liberated by burning fuel to fluids contained in tubes, including all fluids except water that are heated to produce steam. NR 664.1031(28)(28) “Process vent” means any open-ended pipe or stack that is vented to the atmosphere either directly, through a vacuum-producing system or through a tank (e.g., distillate receiver, condenser, bottoms receiver, surge control tank, separator tank or hot well) associated with hazardous waste distillation, fractionation, thin-film evaporation, solvent extraction or air or steam stripping operations. NR 664.1031(29)(29) “Repaired” means that equipment is adjusted, or otherwise altered, to eliminate a leak. NR 664.1031(30)(30) “Sampling connection system” means an assembly of equipment within a process or waste management unit used during periods of representative operation to take samples of the process or waste fluid. Equipment used to take non-routine grab samples is not considered a sampling connection system. NR 664.1031(31)(31) “Sensor” means a device that measures a physical quantity or the change in a physical quantity, such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, pH or liquid level. NR 664.1031(32)(32) “Separator tank” means a device used for separation of 2 immiscible liquids. NR 664.1031(33)(33) “Solvent extraction operation” means an operation or method of separation in which a solid or solution is contacted with a liquid solvent (the 2 being mutually insoluble) to preferentially dissolve and transfer one or more components into the solvent. NR 664.1031(34)(34) “Startup” means the setting in operation of a hazardous waste management unit or control device for any purpose. NR 664.1031(35)(35) “Steam stripping operation” means a distillation operation in which vaporization of the volatile constituents of a liquid mixture takes place by the introduction of steam directly into the charge. NR 664.1031(36)(36) “Surge control tank” means a large-sized pipe or storage reservoir sufficient to contain the surging liquid discharge of the process tank to which it is connected. NR 664.1031(37)(37) “Thin-film evaporation operation” means a distillation operation that employs a heating surface consisting of a large diameter tube that may be either straight or tapered, horizontal or vertical. Liquid is spread on the tube wall by a rotating assembly of blades that maintain a close clearance from the wall or actually ride on the film of liquid on the wall. NR 664.1031(38)(38) “Vapor incinerator” means any enclosed combustion device that is used for destroying organic compounds and does not extract energy in the form of steam or process heat. NR 664.1031(39)(39) “Vented” means discharged through an opening, typically an open-ended pipe or stack, allowing the passage of a stream of liquids, gases or fumes into the atmosphere. The passage of liquids, gases or fumes is caused by mechanical means such as compressors or vacuum-producing systems or by process-related means such as evaporation produced by heating and not caused by tank loading and unloading (working losses) or by natural means such as diurnal temperature changes. NR 664.1031 HistoryHistory: CR 05-032: cr. Register July 2006 No. 607, eff. 8-1-06. NR 664.1032(1)(1) The owner or operator of a facility with process vents associated with distillation, fractionation, thin-film evaporation, solvent extraction or air or steam stripping operations managing hazardous wastes with organic concentrations of at least 10 ppmw shall do any of the following: NR 664.1032(1)(a)(a) Reduce total organic emissions from all affected process vents at the facility below 1.4 kg/h (3 lb/h) and 2.8 Mg/yr (3.1 tons/yr). NR 664.1032(1)(b)(b) Reduce, by use of a control device, total organic emissions from all affected process vents at the facility by 95 weight percent. NR 664.1032(2)(2) If the owner or operator installs a closed-vent system and control device to comply with sub. (1), the closed-vent system and control device shall meet s. NR 664.1033. NR 664.1032(3)(3) Determinations of vent emissions and emission reductions or total organic compound concentrations achieved by add-on control devices may be based on engineering calculations or performance tests. If performance tests are used to determine vent emissions, emission reductions or total organic compound concentrations achieved by add-on control devices, the performance tests shall conform with s. NR 664.1034 (3). NR 664.1032(4)(4) When an owner or operator and the department do not agree on determinations of vent emissions, emission reductions or total organic compound concentrations achieved by add-on control devices based on engineering calculations, use the procedures in s. NR 664.1034 (3) to resolve the disagreement. NR 664.1032 HistoryHistory: CR 05-032: cr. Register July 2006 No. 607, eff. 8-1-06. NR 664.1033NR 664.1033 Standards: closed-vent systems and control devices. NR 664.1033(1)(a)(a) Owners or operators of closed-vent systems and control devices used to comply with provisions of this chapter shall comply with this section. NR 664.1033(1)(b)1.1. The owner or operator of an existing facility who cannot install a closed-vent system and control device to comply with this subchapter on the effective date that the facility becomes subject to this subchapter shall prepare an implementation schedule that includes dates by which the closed-vent system and control device will be installed and in operation. The controls shall be installed as soon as possible, but the implementation schedule may allow up to 30 months after the effective date that the facility becomes subject to this subchapter for installation and startup. NR 664.1033(1)(b)2.2. Any unit that begins operation after June 1, 1995, and is subject to this subchapter when operation begins, shall comply with the rules immediately (i.e., shall have control devices installed and operating on startup of the affected unit; the 30-month implementation schedule does not apply). NR 664.1033(1)(b)3.3. The owner or operator of any facility in existence on the effective date of a department rule amendment that renders the facility subject to this subchapter shall comply with this subchapter as soon as practicable but no later than 30 months after the amendment’s effective date. When control equipment required by this subchapter cannot be installed and begin operation by the effective date of the amendment, the facility owner or operator shall prepare an implementation schedule that includes specific calendar dates for award of contracts or issuance of purchase orders for the control equipment, initiation of on-site installation of the control equipment, completion of the control equipment installation and performance of any testing to demonstrate that the installed equipment meets the applicable standards of this subchapter. The owner or operator shall enter the implementation schedule in the operating record or in a permanent, readily available file located at the facility. NR 664.1033(1)(b)4.4. Owners and operators of facilities and units that become newly subject to the requirements of this subchapter after August 1, 2006, due to an action other than those described in subd. 3. shall comply with all applicable requirements immediately (i.e., shall have control devices installed and operating on the date the facility or unit becomes subject to this subchapter; the 30-month implementation schedule does not apply). NR 664.1033(2)(2) Design and operate a control device involving vapor recovery (e.g., a condenser or adsorber) to recover the organic vapors vented to it with an efficiency of 95 weight percent or greater unless the total organic emission limits of s. NR 664.1032 (1) (a) for all affected process vents can be attained at an efficiency less than 95 weight percent. NR 664.1033(3)(3) Design and operate an enclosed combustion device (e.g., a vapor incinerator, boiler or process heater) to reduce the organic emissions vented to it by 95 weight percent or greater; to achieve a total organic compound concentration of 20 ppmv, expressed as the sum of the actual compounds, not carbon equivalents, on a dry basis corrected to 3 percent oxygen; or to provide a minimum residence time of 0.50 seconds at a minimum temperature of 760°C. If a boiler or process heater is used as the control device, introduce the vent stream into the flame zone of the boiler or process heater. NR 664.1033(4)(a)(a) A flare shall be designed for and operated with no visible emissions as determined by the methods specified in sub. (5) (a), except for periods not to exceed a total of 5 minutes during any 2 consecutive hours. NR 664.1033(4)(c)(c) Use a flare only if the net heating value of the gas being combusted is 11.2 MJ/scm (300 Btu/scf) or greater if the flare is steam-assisted or air-assisted, or if the net heating value of the gas being combusted is 7.45 MJ/scm (200 Btu/scf) or greater if the flare is nonassisted. Determine the net heating value of the gas being combusted by the methods specified in sub. (5) (b). NR 664.1033(4)(d)1.1. Design a steam-assisted or nonassisted flare for and operate it with an exit velocity, determined by the methods specified in sub. (5) (c), less than 18.3 m/s (60 ft/s), except as provided in subds. 2. and 3. NR 664.1033(4)(d)2.2. A steam-assisted or nonassisted flare designed for and operated with an exit velocity, determined by the methods specified in sub. (5) (c), equal to or greater than 18.3 m/s (60 ft/s) but less than 122 m/s (400 ft/s) is allowed if the net heating value of the gas being combusted greater than 37.3 MJ/scm (1,000 Btu/scf). NR 664.1033(4)(d)3.3. A steam-assisted or nonassisted flare designed for and operated with an exit velocity, determined by the methods specified in sub. (5) (c), less than the velocity, Vmax, determined by the method specified in sub. (5) (d) and less than 122 m/s (400 ft/s) is allowed. NR 664.1033(4)(e)(e) Design and operate an air-assisted flare with an exit velocity less than the velocity, Vmax, determined by the method specified in sub. (5) (e). NR 664.1033(4)(f)(f) A flare used to comply with this section shall be steam-assisted, air-assisted or nonassisted. NR 664.1033(5)(a)(a) Use Method 22 in appendix A of 40 CFR part 60, incorporated by reference in s. NR 660.11, to determine the compliance of a flare with the visible emission provisions of this subchapter. Use an observation period of 2 hours according to Method 22. NR 664.1033(5)(b)(b) Calculate the net heating value of the gas being combusted in a flare using the following equation: where:
HT = Net heating value of the sample, MJ/scm; where the net enthalpy per mole of offgas is based on combustion at 25°C and 760 mm Hg, but the standard temperature for determining the volume corresponding to 1 mol is 20 °C
K = Constant, 1.74´10-7 (1/ppm) (g mol/scm) (MJ/kcal) where standard temperature for (g mol/scm) is 20°C
Ci = Concentration of sample component i in ppm on a wet basis, measured for organics by Method 18 in appendix A of 40 CFR part 60 and measured for hydrogen and carbon monoxide by ASTM D1946-82, both incorporated by reference in s. NR 660.11 Hi = Net heat of combustion of sample component i, kcal/9 mol at 25°C and 760 mm Hg. The heats of combustion may be determined using ASTM D2382-83, incorporated by reference in s. NR 660.11, if published values are not available or cannot be calculated NR 664.1033(5)(c)(c) Determine the actual exit velocity of a flare by dividing the volumetric flow rate (in units of standard temperature and pressure), determined by Methods 2, 2A, 2C or 2D in appendix A of 40 CFR part 60, incorporated by reference in s. NR 660.11, as appropriate, by the unobstructed (free) cross-sectional area of the flare tip. NR 664.1033(5)(d)(d) Determine the maximum allowed velocity in m/s, Vmax, for a flare complying with sub. (4) (d) 3. by the following equation: where:
28.8 = Constant
31.7 = Constant
HT = The net heating value determined in par. (b)
NR 664.1033(5)(e)(e) Determine the maximum allowed velocity in m/s, Vmax, for an air-assisted flare by the following equation: where:
8.706 = Constant
0.7084 = Constant
HT = The net heating value determined in par. (b)
NR 664.1033(6)(6) The owner or operator shall monitor and inspect each control device required to comply with this section to ensure proper operation and maintenance of the control device by implementing all of the following requirements: NR 664.1033(6)(a)(a) Install, calibrate, maintain and operate according to the manufacturer’s specifications a flow indicator that provides a record of vent stream flow from each affected process vent to the control device at least once every hour. Install the flow indicator sensor in the vent stream at the nearest feasible point to the control device inlet, but before the point at which the vent streams are combined. NR 664.1033(6)(b)(b) Install, calibrate, maintain and operate according to the manufacturer’s specifications a device to continuously monitor control device operation according to one of the following: NR 664.1033(6)(b)1.1. For a thermal vapor incinerator, a temperature monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder. The device shall have an accuracy of ±1% of the temperature being monitored in °C or ±0.5°C, whichever is greater. Install the temperature sensor at a location in the combustion chamber downstream of the combustion zone. NR 664.1033(6)(b)2.2. For a catalytic vapor incinerator, a temperature monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder. The device shall be capable of monitoring temperature at 2 locations and have an accuracy of ±1% of the temperature being monitored in °C or ±0.5°C, whichever is greater. Install one temperature sensor in the vent stream at the nearest feasible point to the catalyst bed inlet and install a second temperature sensor in the vent stream at the nearest feasible point to the catalyst bed outlet. NR 664.1033(6)(b)3.3. For a flare, a heat sensing monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder that indicates the continuous ignition of the pilot flame. NR 664.1033(6)(b)4.4. For a boiler or process heater having a design heat input capacity less than 44 MW, a temperature monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder. The device shall have an accuracy of ±1% of the temperature being monitored in °C or ±0.5°C, whichever is greater. Install the temperature sensor at a location in the furnace downstream of the combustion zone. NR 664.1033(6)(b)5.5. For a boiler or process heater having a design heat input capacity greater than or equal to 44 MW, a monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder to measure a parameter or parameters that indicates good combustion operating practices are being used.
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Chs. NR 600-699; Environmental Protection – Hazardous Waste Management
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