NR 440.65(4)(d)4.
4. In order to determine capture efficiency from an affected facility all fugitive VOC emissions from the affected facility shall be captured and vented through stacks suitable for measurement. During a performance test the owner or operator of an affected facility located in an area with other sources of VOC shall isolate the affected facility from other sources of VOC. These requirements shall be accomplished using one of the following methods:
NR 440.65(4)(d)4.b.
b. Build a temporary enclosure around the affected facility and duplicate, to an extent that is reasonably feasible, the ventilation conditions that are in effect when the affected facility is not enclosed (one way to do this is to divide the room exhaust rate by the volume of the room and then duplicate that quotient or 20 air changes per hour, whichever is smaller, in the temporary enclosure); or
NR 440.65(4)(d)4.c.
c. Shut down all other sources of VOC and continue to exhaust fugitive emissions from the affected facility through any building ventilation system and other room exhausts such as print line ovens and embossers.
NR 440.65(4)(d)5.
5. For each affected facility compliance with
sub. (3) (a) 2. has been demonstrated if the average value of the overall control efficiency (EF) for the 3 runs is equal to or greater than 85%. An overall control efficiency is calculated for each run as follows:
NR 440.65(5)
(5) Monitoring of operations and recordkeeping requirements. NR 440.65(5)(a)(a) The owner or operator of an affected facility controlled by a solvent recovery emission control device shall install, calibrate, operate and maintain a monitoring system which continuously measures and records the VOC concentration of the exhaust vent stream from the control device and shall comply with the following requirements:
NR 440.65(5)(a)1.
1. The continuous monitoring system shall be installed in a location that is representative of the VOC concentration in the exhaust vent at least two equivalent stack diameters from the exhaust point and protected from interferences due to wind, weather, or other processes.
NR 440.65(5)(a)2.
2. During the performance test the owner or operator shall determine and record the average exhaust vent VOC concentration in parts per million by volume. After the performance test the owner or operator shall determine and, in addition to the record made by the continuous monitoring device, record the average exhaust vent VOC concentration for each 3-hour clock period of printing operation when the average concentration is greater than 50 ppm and more than 20% greater than the average concentration value demonstrated during the most recent performance test.
NR 440.65(5)(b)
(b) The owner or operator of an affected facility controlled by a thermal incineration emission control device shall install, calibrate, operate and maintain a monitoring device that continuously measures and records the temperature of the control device exhaust gases and shall comply with the following requirements:
NR 440.65(5)(b)1.
1. The continuous monitoring device shall be calibrated annually and have an accuracy of
"0.75% of the temperature being measured, expressed in degrees Celsius, or
"2.5
°C, whichever is greater.
NR 440.65(5)(b)2.
2. During the performance test the owner or operator shall determine and record the average temperature of the control device exhaust gases. After the performance test the owner or operator shall determine and record, in addition to the record made by the continuous monitoring device, the average temperature for each 3-hour clock period of printing operation when the average temperature of the exhaust gases is more than 28
°C (50
°F) below the average temperature demonstrated during the most recent performance test.
NR 440.65(5)(c)
(c) The owner or operator of an affected facility controlled by a catalytic incineration emission control device shall install, calibrate, operate and maintain monitoring devices that continuously measure and record the gas temperatures both upstream and downstream of the catalyst bed and shall comply with the following requirements:
NR 440.65(5)(c)1.
1. Each continuous monitoring device shall be calibrated annually and have an accuracy of
"0.75% of the temperature being measured, expressed in degrees Celsius, or
"2.5
°C, whichever is greater.
NR 440.65(5)(c)2.
2. During the performance test the owner or operator shall determine and record the average gas temperature both upstream and downstream of the catalyst bed. After the performance test the owner or operator shall determine and record, in addition to the record made by the continuous monitoring device, the average temperatures for each 3-hour clock period of printing operation when the average temperature of the gas stream before the catalyst bed is more than 28
°C (50
°F) below the average temperature demonstrated during the most recent performance test or the average temperature difference across the catalyst bed is less than 80 percent of the average temperature difference of the device during the most recent performance test.
NR 440.65(5)(d)
(d) The owner or operator of an affected facility shall record time periods of operation when an emission control device is not in use.
NR 440.65(6)(a)(a) For all affected facilities subject to compliance with
sub. (3) the performance test data and results from the performance test shall be submitted to the department as specified in
s. NR 440.08 (1).
NR 440.65(6)(b)
(b) The owner or operator of each affected facility shall submit semiannual reports to the department of occurrences of the following:
NR 440.65(6)(b)4.
4. Drops in the average temperature of the gas stream immediately before the catalyst bed or drops in the average temperature across the catalyst bed as defined under
sub. (5) (c) 2.
NR 440.65(6)(c)
(c) The reports required under
par. (b) shall be postmarked within 30 days following the end of the second and fourth calendar quarters.
NR 440.65 History
History: Cr.
Register, September, 1986, No. 369, eff. 10-1-86; (2) (a) (intro.) and (b) (intro.), r. (6) (d),
Register, September, 1990, No. 417, eff. 10-1-90;
CR 06-109: am. (2) (a) 6. and (b) 15. to 17., (4) (a) (intro.) and 1., (b) 4. and 5. and (c) 2. to 4. and (5) (b) 1. and 2. and (c) 1. Register May 2008 No. 629, eff. 6-1-08.
NR 440.66
NR 440.66 Equipment leaks of VOC in petroleum refineries. NR 440.66(1)(1)
Applicability and designation of affected facility. NR 440.66(1)(a)1.1. The provisions of this section apply to affected facilities in petroleum refineries.
NR 440.66(1)(a)3.
3. The group of all the equipment (defined in
sub. (2)) within a process unit is an affected facility.
NR 440.66(1)(b)
(b) Any affected facility under
par. (a) that commences construction or modification after January 4, 1983, is subject to the requirements of this section.
NR 440.66(1)(c)
(c) Addition or replacement of equipment (defined in
sub. (2)) for the purpose of process improvement which is accomplished without a capital expenditure may not by itself be considered a modification under this section.
NR 440.66(2)
(2) Definitions. As used in this section, terms not defined in this subsection have the meanings given in
s. NR 440.02 or
440.62.
NR 440.66(2)(a)
(a) “Alaskan north slope" means the approximately 69,000 square mile area extending from the Brooks Range to the Arctic Ocean.
NR 440.66(2)(b)
(b) “Equipment" means each valve, pump, pressure relief device, sampling connection system, open-ended valve or line and flange or other connector in VOC service. Compressors are considered equipment only for the purposes of recordkeeping and reporting.
NR 440.66(2)(c)
(c) “In hydrogen service" means that a compressor contains a process fluid that meets the conditions in
sub. (4) (b).
NR 440.66(2)(d)
(d) “In light liquid service" means that the piece of equipment contains a liquid that meets the conditions specified in
sub. (4) (c).
NR 440.66(2)(e)
(e) “Petroleum refinery" means that facility engaged in producing gasoline, kerosene, distillate fuel oils, residual fuel oils, lubricants, or other products through the distillation of petroleum or through the redistillation, cracking, or reforming of unfinished petroleum derivatives.
NR 440.66(2)(f)
(f) “Petroleum" means the crude oil removed from the earth and the oils derived from tar sands, shale and coal.
NR 440.66(2)(g)
(g) “Process unit" means components assembled to produce intermediate or final products from petroleum, unfinished petroleum derivatives, or other intermediates; a process unit can operate independently if supplied with sufficient feed or raw materials and sufficient storage facilities for the product.
NR 440.66(3)(a)(a) Each owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section shall comply with the requirements of
s. NR 440.62 (3) (a) to
(j) as soon as practicable, but no later than 180 days after initial startup.
NR 440.66(3)(c)
(c) An owner or operator may apply to the administrator for a determination of equivalency for any means of emission limitation that achieves a reduction in emissions of VOC at least equivalent to the reduction in emissions of VOC achieved by the controls required in this section. In doing so the owner or operator shall comply with requirements
40 CFR 60.484, as in effect on July 1, 1994, and provide notice to the department of any determination of equivalency approved by the administrator.
NR 440.66(3)(d)
(d) Each owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section shall comply with the provisions of
s. NR 440.62 (6) except as provided in
sub. (4).
NR 440.66(4)(a)(a) Each owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section may comply with the following exceptions to the provisions of
s. NR 440.62.
NR 440.66(4)(b)1.1. Compressors in hydrogen service are exempt from the requirements of
sub. (3) if an owner or operator demonstrates that a compressor is in hydrogen service.
NR 440.66(4)(b)2.
2. Each compressor is presumed not to be in hydrogen service unless an owner or operator demonstrates that the piece of equipment is in hydrogen service. For a piece of equipment to be considered in hydrogen service it shall be determined that the percent hydrogen content can be reasonably expected always to exceed 50% by volume. For purposes of determining the percent hydrogen content in the process fluid that is contained in or contacts a compressor procedures that conform to the general method described in ASTM E260-96, E168-92 or E169-93, incorporated by reference in (2) (a) 75., 73. and 74., respectively, shall be used.
NR 440.66(4)(b)3.a.a. An owner or operator may use engineering judgment rather than procedures in
subd. 2. to demonstrate that the percent content exceeds 50% by volume. When an owner or operator and the department do not agree on whether a piece of equipment is in hydrogen service however, the procedure in
subd. 2. shall be used to resolve the disagreement.
NR 440.66(4)(b)3.b.
b. If an owner or operator determines that a piece of equipment is in hydrogen service the determination can be revised only after following the procedures in
subd. 2.
NR 440.66(4)(d)
(d) An owner or operator may use the following provision in addition to
s. NR 440.62 (6) (e): Equipment is in light liquid service if the percent evaporated is greater than 10% at 150
°C as determined by ASTM D86-96, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17 (2) (a) 7.
NR 440.66 History
History: Cr.
Register, September, 1986, No. 369, eff. 10-1-86; am. (1) (c) (2) (intro.), (3) (c), (4) (b) 2. and (a),
Register, September, 1990, No. 417, eff. 10-1-90
; am. (3) (c),
Register, December, 1995, No. 480, eff. 1-1-96;
CR 06-109: am. (title), and (4) (b) 2. and (d) Register May 2008 No. 629, eff. 6-1-08.
NR 440.67
NR 440.67 Synthetic fiber production facilities. NR 440.67(1)(1)
Applicability and designation of affected facility. NR 440.67(1)(a)(a) Except as provided in
par. (b), the affected facility to which the provisions of this section apply is each solvent-spun synthetic fiber process that produces more than 500 Mg (551 ton) of fiber per year.
NR 440.67(1)(b)
(b) The provisions of this section do not apply to any facility that uses the reaction spinning process to produce spandex fiber or the viscose process to produce rayon fiber.
NR 440.67(1)(c)
(c) The provisions of this section apply to each facility as identified in
par. (a) that commences construction or reconstruction after November 23, 1982. The provisions of this section do not apply to facilities that commence modification but not reconstruction after November 23, 1982.
NR 440.67(2)
(2) Definitions. As used in this section, terms not defined in this subsection have the meanings given in
s. NR 440.02.
NR 440.67(2)(a)
(a) “Acrylic fiber" means a manufactured synthetic fiber in which the fiber-forming substance is any long-chain synthetic polymer composed of at least 85% by weight of acrylonitrile units.
NR 440.67(2)(b)
(b) “Makeup solvent" means the solvent introduced into the affected facility that compensates for solvent lost from the affected facility during the manufacturing process.
NR 440.67(2)(c)
(c) “Nongaseous losses" means the solvent that is not volatilized during fiber production and escapes the process and is unavailable for recovery or is in a form or concentration unsuitable for economical recovery.
NR 440.67(2)(d)
(d) “Polymer" means any of the natural or synthetic compounds as usually high molecular weight that consist of many repeated links each link being a relatively light and simple molecule.
NR 440.67(2)(e)
(e) “Precipitation bath" means the water, solvent, or other chemical bath into which the polymer or prepolymer (partially reacted material) solution is extruded and causes physical or chemical changes to occur in the extruded solution to result in a semihardened polymeric fiber.
NR 440.67(2)(f)
(f) “Rayon fiber" means a manufactured fiber composed of regenerated cellulose as well as manufactured fibers composed of regenerated cellulose in which substituents have replaced not more than 5 percent of the hydrogens of the hydroxyl groups.
NR 440.67(2)(g)
(g) “Reaction spinning process" means the fiber-forming process where a prepolymer is extruded into a fluid medium and solidification takes place by chemical reaction to form the final polymeric material.
NR 440.67(2)(h)
(h) “Recovered solvent" means the solvent captured from liquid and gaseous process streams that is concentrated in a control device and that may be purified for reuse.
NR 440.67(2)(i)
(i) “Solvent feed" means that the solvent introduced into the spinning solution preparation system or precipitation bath. This feed stream includes the combination of recovered solvent and makeup solvent.
NR 440.67(2)(j)
(j) “Solvent inventory variation" means the normal changes in the total amount of solvent contained in the affected facility.
NR 440.67(2)(k)
(k) “Solvent recovery system" means the equipment associated with capture, transportation, collection, concentration and purification of organic solvents. It may include enclosures, hoods, ducting, piping, scrubbers, condensers, carbon adsorbers, distillation equipment and associated storage vessels.
NR 440.67(2)(L)
(L) “Solvent-spun synthetic fiber" means any synthetic fiber produced by a process that uses an organic solvent in the spinning solution, the precipitation bath, or processing of the spun fiber.
NR 440.67(2)(m)
(m) “Solvent-spun synthetic fiber process" means the total of all equipment having a common spinning solution preparation system or a common solvent recovery system and is used in the manufacture of solvent-spun synthetic fiber. It includes spinning solution preparation, spinning, fiber processing and solvent recovery but does not include the polymer production equipment.
NR 440.67(2)(n)
(n) “Spandex fiber" means a manufactured fiber in which the fiber-forming substance is a long chain synthetic polymer comprised of at least 85% of a segmented polyurethane.
NR 440.67(2)(o)
(o) “Spinning solution" means the mixture of polymer, prepolymer, or copolymer and additives dissolved in solvent. The solution is prepared at a viscosity and solvent-to-polymer ratio that is suitable for extrusion into fibers.
NR 440.67(2)(p)
(p) “Spinning solution preparation system" means the equipment used to prepare spinning solutions; the system includes equipment for mixing, filtering, blending and storage of the spinning solutions.
NR 440.67(2)(q)
(q) “Synthetic fiber" means any fiber composed partially or entirely of materials made by chemical synthesis or made partially or entirely from chemically-modified naturally-occurring materials.
NR 440.67(2)(r)
(r) “Viscose process" means the fiber forming process where cellulose and concentrated caustic soda are reacted to form soda or alkali cellulose. This reacts with carbon disulfide to form sodium cellulose xanthate which is then dissolved in a solution of caustic soda. The solution is spun into an acid coagulating bath after ripening. This precipitates the cellulose in the form of a regenerated cellulose filament.
NR 440.67(3)
(3) Standard for volatile organic compounds. On and after the date on which the initial performance test required to be conducted by
s. NR 440.08 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section may cause the discharge into the atmosphere from any affected facility that produces acrylic fibers VOC emissions that exceed 10 kg/Mg (20 lb/ton) solvent feed to the spinning solution preparation system or precipitation bath. VOC emissions from affected facilities that produce both acrylic and nonacrylic fiber types may not exceed 10 kg/Mg (20 lb/ton) solvent feed. VOC emissions from affected facilities that produce only nonacrylic fiber types may not exceed 17 kg/Mg (34 lb/ton) solvent feed. Compliance with the emission limitations is determined on a 6-month rolling average basis as described in
sub. (4).
NR 440.67(4)
(4) Performance test and compliance provisions. NR 440.67(4)(b)
(b) Each owner or operator of an affected facility shall determine compliance with the applicable standard in
sub. (3) by determining and recording monthly the VOC emissions per unit mass solvent feed from each affected facility for the current and preceding 5 consecutive calendar months and using these values to calculate the 6-month average emissions. Each calculation is considered a performance test. The owner or operator of an affected facility shall use the following procedure to determine VOC emissions for each calendar month:
