NOx is the emission concentration of NOx at 15% O2 and ISO standard ambient conditions, ppm by volume, dry basis
NOxo is the mean observed NOx concentration, ppm by volume, dry basis, at 15% O2
Pr is the reference combustor inlet absolute pressure at 101.3 kilopascals ambient pressure, mm Hg
Po is the observed combustor inlet absolute pressure at test, mm Hg
Ho is the observed humidity of ambient air, g H2O/g air
e is the transcendental constant, 2.718
Ta is the ambient temperature, K
NR 440.50(6)(c)2.
2. The 3-run performance test required by
s. NR 440.08 shall be performed within
± 5% at 30, 50, 75 and 90-to-100% of peak load or at 4 evenly-spaced load points in the normal operating range of the gas turbine, including the minimum point in the operating range and 90-to-100% of peak load, or at the highest achievable load point if 90-to-100% of peak load cannot be physically achieved in practice. If the turbine combusts both oil and gas as primary or backup fuels, separate performance testing is required for each fuel. Notwithstanding these requirements, performance testing is not required for any emergency fuel, as defined in
sub. (2) (e).
NR 440.50(6)(c)3.
3. For a combined cycle turbine system with supplemental heat (duct burner), the owner or operator may elect to measure the turbine NO
x emissions after the duct burner rather than directly after the turbine. If the owner or operator elects to use this alternative sampling location, the applicable NO
x emission limit in
sub. (3) for the combustion turbine shall still be met.
NR 440.50(6)(c)4.
4. If water or steam injection is used to control NO
x with no additional post-combustion NO
x control and the owner or operator chooses to monitor the steam or water to fuel ratio in accordance with
sub. (5) (a), then that monitoring system shall be operated concurrently with each EPA Method 20, ASTM D6522-00, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17 (2) (a) 70., or Method 7E run and shall be used to determine the fuel consumption and the steam or water to fuel ratio necessary to comply with the applicable
sub. (3) NO
x emission limit.
NR 440.50(6)(c)5.
5. If the owner operator elects to claim an emission allowance for fuel bound nitrogen as described in
sub. (3), then concurrently with each reference method run, a representative sample of the fuel used shall be collected and analyzed, following the applicable procedures described in
subd. 9. These data shall be used to determine the maximum fuel nitrogen content for which the established water or steam to fuel ratio will be valid.
NR 440.50(6)(c)6.
6. If the owner or operator elects to install a CEMS, the performance evaluation of the CEMS may either be conducted separately, as described in
subd. 7., or as part of the initial performance test of the affected unit.
NR 440.50(6)(c)7.
7. If the owner or operator elects to install and certify a NO
x CEMS under
sub. (5) (e), then the initial performance test required under
s. NR 440.08 may be done in the following alternative manner:
NR 440.50(6)(c)7.a.
a. Perform a minimum of 9 reference method runs, with a minimum time per run of 21 minutes, at a single load level, between 90 and 100% of peak, or the highest physically achievable, load.
NR 440.50(6)(c)7.b.
b. Use the test data both to demonstrate compliance with the applicable NO
x emission limit under
sub. (3) and to provide the required reference method data for the RATA of the CEMS described under
sub. (5) (b).
NR 440.50(6)(c)8.
8. If the owner or operator is required under
sub. (5) (f) to monitor combustion parameters or parameters indicative of proper operation of NO
x emission controls, the appropriate parameters shall be continuously monitored and recorded during each run of the initial performance test, to establish acceptable operating ranges, for purposes of the parameter monitoring plan for the affected unit, as specified in
sub. (5) (g).
NR 440.50(6)(c)9.
9. To determine the fuel bound nitrogen content of fuel being fired if an emission allowance is claimed for fuel bound nitrogen, the owner or operator may use equipment and procedures meeting the requirements of the following:
NR 440.50(6)(c)9.a.
a. For liquid fuels, ASTM D2597-94 (reapproved 1999), D4629-02, D5762-02 or D6366-99, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17 (2) (a) 33., 60., 66. and 70., respectively.
NR 440.50(6)(c)9.b.
b. For gaseous fuels, analytical methods and procedures that are accurate to within 5% of the instrument range and are approved by the department.
NR 440.50(6)(c)10.
10. If the owner or operator is required under
sub. (5) (i) 1. or 3 to periodically determine the sulfur content of the fuel combusted in the turbine, a minimum of 3 fuel samples shall be collected during the performance test. The samples shall be analyzed for the total sulfur content of the fuel using:
NR 440.50(6)(c)10.a.
a. For liquid fuels, ASTM D129–00, D1266–98, D1552–01, D2622–98, D4294–02 or D5453–00, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17 (2) (a) 8., 18., 20., 34., 55. and 64., respectively.
NR 440.50(6)(c)10.b.
b. For gaseous fuels, ASTM D1072–90 (Reapproved 1994), D3246–96, D4468–85 (Reapproved 2000) or D6667–01, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17 (2) (a) 15., 44., 59. and 72., respectively. The applicable ranges of some of the ASTM methods are not adequate to measure the levels of sulfur in some fuel gases. Dilution of samples before analysis, with verification of the dilution ratio, may be used, subject to the prior approval of the department.
NR 440.50(6)(c)11.
11. The fuel analyses required under
subds. 9. and
10. may be performed by the owner or operator, a service contractor retained by the owner or operator, the fuel vendor, or any other qualified agency.
NR 440.50(6)(d)
(d) The owner or operator may use the following as alternatives to the reference methods and procedures specified in this subsection:
NR 440.50(6)(d)1.
1. Instead of using the equation in
par. (c) 1., manufacturers may develop ambient condition correction factors to adjust the nitrogen oxides emission level measured by the performance test as provided in
s. NR 440.08 to ISO standard day conditions.
NR 440.50 History
History: Cr.
Register, January, 1984, No. 337, eff. 2-1-84; am. (3) (d), renum. (6) (b) 2. to be 2. a. and am., cr. (6) (b) 2. b.,
Register, September, 1986, No. 369, eff. 10-1-86; renum. (1) to be (1) (a), cr. (1) (b), am. (2) (intro.), (3) (a) 3., (6) (a) 1. b. and (b) 2. a., r. (2) (o),
Register, September, 1990, No. 417, eff. 10-1-90; r. and recr. (6),
Register, July, 1993, No. 451, eff. 7-1-9
3; am. (3) (a) 3., (j), (5) (c) 3.,
Register, December, 1995, No. 480, eff. 1-1-96
; correction in (6) (f) 1. made under s. 13.93 (2m) (b) 7., Stats.,
Register, November, 1999, No. 527;
CR 06-109: am. (1) (a), (2) (p), (3) (a) 1. and 2., (4) (b), (5) (a), (6) (c) (intro.), 1. and 2., cr. (2) (bg), (br), (fm), (km), (L), (t) and (u), (3) (a) 3., (5) (c) to (i) and (j) 5. and (6) (c) 4. to 11., renum. (3) (a) 3. to be (3 (a) 4. and am., r. and recr. (5) (b) and (c) 1. and 2., (6) (a), (b) and (c) 3., renum. (5) (c) (intro.) to be (5) (j) and am., renum. (5) (c) 3. and 4. to be (5) (j) 2. and 4., r. (6) (d) and (e) Register May 2008 No. 629, eff. 6-1-08; corrections in (6) (b) 3. and (c) 10. (intro.) made under s. 13.92 (4) (b) 7., Stats., Register May 2008 No. 629. NR 440.51
NR 440.51 Lime manufacturing plants. NR 440.51(1)
(1)
Applicability and designation of affected facility. NR 440.51(1)(a)(a) The provisions of this section are applicable to each rotary lime kiln used in the manufacture of lime.
NR 440.51(1)(b)
(b) The provisions of this section are not applicable to facilities used in the manufacture of lime at kraft pulp mills.
NR 440.51(1)(c)
(c) Any facility under
par. (a) that commences construction or modification after May 3, 1977, is subject to the requirements of this section.
NR 440.51(2)
(2) Definitions. As used in this section, terms not defined in this subsection have the meanings given in
s. NR 440.02.
NR 440.51(2)(a)
(a) “Lime manufacturing plant" means any plant which uses a rotary lime kiln to produce lime product from limestone by calcination.
NR 440.51(2)(b)
(b) “Lime product" means the product of the calcination process including, but not limited to, calcitic lime, dolomitic lime and dead-burned dolomite.
NR 440.51(2)(c)
(c) “Positive-pressure fabric filter" means a fabric filter with the fans on the upstream side of the filter bags.
NR 440.51(2)(d)
(d) “Rotary lime kiln" means a unit with an inclined rotating drum which is used to produce a lime product from limestone by calcination.
NR 440.51(2)(e)
(e) “Stone feed" means limestone feedstock and millscale or other iron oxide additives that become part of the product.
NR 440.51(3)(a)(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by
s. NR 440.08 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section may cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any rotary lime kiln any gases which:
NR 440.51(3)(a)1.
1. Contain particulate matter in excess of 0.30 kilogram per megagram of stone feed (0.60 lb/ton).
NR 440.51(3)(a)2.
2. Exhibit greater than 15% opacity when exiting from a dry emission control device.
NR 440.51(4)(a)(a) The owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section shall install, calibrate, maintain and operate a continuous monitoring system, except as provided in
pars. (b) and
(c), to monitor and record the opacity of a representative portion of the gases discharged into the atmosphere from any rotary lime kiln. The span of this system shall be set at 40% opacity.
NR 440.51(4)(b)
(b) The owner or operator of any rotary lime kiln having a control device with a multiple stack exhaust or a roof monitor may, in lieu of the continuous opacity monitoring requirements of
par. (a), monitor visible emissions at least once per day of operation by using a certified visible emissions observer who, for each site where visible emissions are observed, will perform 3 Reference Method 9 tests and record the results. (Reference Method 9 of
40 CFR part 60, Appendix A, is incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17). Visible emission observation shall occur during normal operation of the rotary lime kiln at least once per day. For at least 3 6-minute periods, the opacity shall be recorded for any points where visible emissions are observed, and the corresponding feed rate of the kiln shall also be recorded. Records shall be maintained of any 6-minute average that is in excess of the emissions specified in
sub. (3) (a).
NR 440.51(4)(c)
(c) The owner or operator of any rotary lime kiln using a wet scrubbing emission control device subject to the provisions of this section may not be required to monitor the opacity of the gases discharged as required in
par. (a), but shall install, calibrate, maintain and operate the following continuous monitoring devices:
NR 440.51(4)(c)1.
1. A monitoring device for the continuous measurement of the pressure loss of the gas stream through the scrubber. The monitoring device shall be accurate within
" 250 pascals (one inch of water).
NR 440.51(4)(c)2.
2. A monitoring device for continuous measurement of the scrubbing liquid supply pressure to the control device. The monitoring device shall be accurate within
" 5% of the design scrubbing liquid supply pressure.
NR 440.51(4)(d)
(d) For the purpose of conducting a performance test under
s. NR 440.08 the owner or operator of any lime manufacturing plant subject to the provisions of this section shall install, calibrate, maintain and operate a device for measuring the mass rate of stone feed to any affected rotary lime kiln. The measuring device used shall be accurate within
" 5% of the mass rate over its operating range.
NR 440.51(4)(e)
(e) For the purpose of reports required under
s. NR 440.07 (3) periods of excess emissions that shall be reported are defined as all 6-minute periods during which the average opacity of the plume from any lime kiln subject to
par. (a) is greater than 15% or, in the case of wet scrubbers, any period in which the scrubber pressure drop is greater than 30% below the rate established during the performance test. If visible emission observations are made according to
par. (b), reports of excess emissions shall be submitted semiannually.
NR 440.51(5)(a)(a) In conducting the performance tests required in
s. NR 440.08, the owner or operator shall use as reference methods and procedures the test methods in Appendix A of
40 CFR part 60, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17, or other methods and procedures as specified in this subsection, except as provided in
s. NR 440.08 (2).
NR 440.51(5)(b)
(b) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the particulate matter standards in
sub. (3) (a) as follows:
NR 440.51(5)(b)1.
1. The emission rate (E) of particulate matter shall be computed for each run using the following equation:
E = (cs Qsd)/PK)
where:
E is the emission rate of particulate matter, kg/Mg (lb/ton) of stone feed
cs is the concentration of particulate matter, g/dscm (gr/dscf)
Qsd is the volumetric flow rate of effluent gas, dscm/hr (dscf/hr)
P is the stone feed rate, Mg/hr (ton/hr)
K is the conversion factor, 1000 g/kg (7000 gr/lb)
NR 440.51(5)(b)2.
2. Method 5 shall be used at negative-pressure fabric filters and other types of control devices and Method 5D shall be used at positive-pressure fabric filters to determine the particulate matter concentration (c
s) and the volumetric flow rate (Q
sd) of the effluent gas. The sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 60 minutes and 0.90 dscm (31.8 dscf).
NR 440.51(5)(b)3.
3. The monitoring device of
sub. (4) (d) shall be used to determine the stone feed rate (P) for each run.
NR 440.51(5)(c)
(c) During the particulate matter run, the owner or operator shall use the monitoring devices in
sub. (4) (c) 1. and
2. to determine the average pressure loss of the gas stream through the scrubber and the average scrubbing liquid supply pressure.
NR 440.51 History
History: Cr.
Register, January, 1984, No. 337, eff. 2-1-84; am. (1) (a), (2), (3) (a), (4) and (5),
Register, September, 1986, No. 369, eff. 10-1-86; am. (2) (intro.), (4) (b) and (5) (c),
Register, September, 1990, No. 417, eff. 10-1-90; am. (4) (e), r. and recr. (5),
Register, June, 1993, No. 450, eff. 8-1-93;
CR 06-109: r. and recr. (5) (b) 1., am. (5) (b) 2. Register May 2008 No. 629, eff. 6-1-08. NR 440.52
NR 440.52 Lead-acid battery manufacturing plants. NR 440.52(1)(1)
Applicability and designation of affected facility. NR 440.52(1)(a)(a) The provisions of this section are applicable to the affected facilities listed in
par. (b) at any lead-acid battery manufacturing plant that produces or has the design capacity to produce in one day (24 hours) batteries containing an amount of lead equal to or greater than 5.9 Mg (6.5 tons).
NR 440.52(1)(b)
(b) The provisions of this section are applicable to the following affected facilities used in the manufacture of lead-acid storage batteries:
NR 440.52(1)(c)
(c) Any facility under
par. (b) that commences construction or modification after January 14, 1980, is subject to the requirements of this section.
NR 440.52(2)
(2) Definitions. As used in this section, terms not defined in this subsection have the meanings given in
s. NR 440.02.
NR 440.52(2)(a)
(a) “Grid casting facility" means the facility which includes all lead melting pots and machines used for casting the grid used in battery manufacturing.
NR 440.52(2)(b)
(b) “Lead-acid battery manufacturing plant" means any plant that produces a storage battery using lead and lead compounds for the plates and sulfuric acid for the electrolyte.
NR 440.52(2)(c)
(c) “Lead oxide manufacturing facility" means a facility that produces lead oxide from lead, including product recovery.
NR 440.52(2)(d)
(d) “Lead reclamation facility" means the facility that remelts lead scrap and casts it into lead ingots for use in the battery manufacturing process, and which is not a furnace affected under
s. NR 440.29.
NR 440.52(2)(e)
(e) “Other lead-emitting operation" means any lead-acid battery manufacturing plant operation from which lead emissions are collected and ducted to the atmosphere and which is not part of a grid casting, lead oxide manufacturing, lead reclamation, paste mixing, 3-process operation facility or a furnace affected under
s. NR 440.29.
NR 440.52(2)(f)
(f) “Paste mixing facility" means the facility including lead oxide storage, conveying, weighing, metering and charging operations; paste blending, handling and cooling operations; and plate pasting, takeoff, cooling and drying operations.
NR 440.52(2)(g)
(g) “Three-process operation facility" means the facility including those processes involved with plate stacking, burning or strap casting, and assembly of elements into the battery case.
NR 440.52(3)(a)(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by
s. NR 440.08 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section may cause to be discharged into the atmosphere:
NR 440.52(3)(a)1.
1. From any grid casting facility any gases that contain lead in excess of 0.40 milligram of lead per dry standard cubic meter of exhaust (0.000175 gr/dscf).
NR 440.52(3)(a)2.
2. From any paste mixing facility any gases that contain in excess of 1.00 milligram of lead per dry standard cubic meter of exhaust (0.000437 gr/dscf).
