3) Determine overall reduction efficiency (R) using the following equation: -
See PDF for diagram 
NR 440.48(4)(c)2.b.
b. Calculate the volume-weighted average of the total mass of VOCs per unit volume of coating solids applied (G) during each calendar month for each affected facility using equations in
subd. 1. a. 1), 2) and 3).
NR 440.48(4)(c)2.d.
d. If the volume weighted average mass of VOCs emitted to the atmosphere for each calendar month (N) is less than or equal to 0.90 kilogram per liter of coating solids applied, the affected facility is in compliance. Each monthly calculation is a performance test.
NR 440.48(4)(c)3.
3. An owner or operator shall use the following procedure for any affected facility which uses a control device that recovers the VOCs (e.g., carbon adsorber) to comply with the applicable emission limit specified under
sub. (3).
NR 440.48(4)(c)3.a.
a. Calculate the total mass of VOCs consumed -
See PDF for diagram and the volume-weighted average of the total mass of VOCs per unit volume of coating solids applied (G) during each calendar month for each affected facility using equations in
subd. 1. a. 1), 2) and 3).
NR 440.48(4)(c)3.c.
c. Calculate overall reduction efficiency of the control device (R) for each calendar month for each affected facility using the following equation: -
See PDF for diagram
NR 440.48(4)(c)3.d.
d. Calculate the volume-weighted average mass of VOCs emitted to the atmosphere (N) for each calendar month for each affected facility using the equation in
subd. 2. c.
NR 440.48(4)(c)3.e.
e. If the weighted average mass of VOCs emitted to the atmosphere for each calendar month (N) is less than or equal to 0.90 kilogram per liter of coating solids applied, the affected facility is in compliance. Each monthly calculation is a performance test.
NR 440.48(5)(a)(a) The owner or operator of an affected facility which uses a capture system and an incinerator to comply with the emission limits specified under
sub. (3) shall install, calibrate, maintain and operate temperature measurement devices according to the following procedures:
NR 440.48(5)(a)1.
1. Where thermal incineration is used, a temperature measurement device shall be installed in the firebox. Where catalytic incineration is used, a temperature measurement device shall be installed in the gas stream immediately before and after the catalyst bed.
NR 440.48(5)(a)2.
2. Each temperature measurement device shall be installed, calibrated and maintained according to the manufacturer's specifications. The device shall have an accuracy of the greater of 0.75% of the temperature being measured expressed in degrees Celsius or
" 2.5
°C.
NR 440.48(5)(a)3.
3. Each temperature measurement device shall be equipped with a recording device so that a permanent continuous record is produced.
NR 440.48(5)(b)
(b) The owner or operator of an affected facility which uses a capture system and a solvent recovery system to comply with the emission limits specified under
sub. (3) shall install the equipment necessary to determine the total volume of VOC solvent recovered daily.
NR 440.48(6)(a)(a) The reporting requirements of
s. NR 440.08 (1) apply only to the initial performance test. Each owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section shall include the following data in the report of the initial performance test required under
s. NR 440.08 (1):
NR 440.48(6)(a)1.
1. Except as provided in
subd. 2., the volume-weighted average mass of VOCs emitted to the atmosphere per volume of applied coating solids (N) for a period of one calendar month from each affected facility.
NR 440.48(6)(a)2.
2. For each affected facility where compliance is determined under the provisions of
sub. (4) (c) 1. d., a list of the coatings used during a period of one calendar month, the VOC content of each coating calculated from data determined using Method 24 of
40 CFR part 60, Appendix A, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17 (1), or supplied by the manufacturer of the coating, and the minimum transfer efficiency of any coating application equipment used during the month.
NR 440.48(6)(a)3.
3. For each affected facility where compliance is achieved through the use of an incineration system, the following additional information shall be reported:
NR 440.48(6)(a)3.a.
a. The proportion of total VOCs emitted that enters the control device (F).
NR 440.48(6)(a)3.c.
c. The average combustion temperature or the average temperature upstream and downstream of the catalyst bed, and
NR 440.48(6)(a)3.d.
d. A description of the method used to establish the amount of VOCs captured and sent to the incinerator.
NR 440.48(6)(a)4.
4. For each affected facility where compliance is achieved through the use of a solvent recovery system, the following additional information shall be reported:
NR 440.48(6)(b)
(b) Following the initial performance test, the owner or operator of an affected facility shall identify, record, and submit a written report to the department every calendar quarter of each instance in which the volume-weighted average of the total mass of VOC's emitted to the atmosphere per volume of applied coating solids (N) is greater than the limit specified under
sub. (3). If no such instances have occurred during a particular quarter, a report stating this shall be submitted to the department semiannually.
NR 440.48(6)(c)
(c) Following the initial performance test, the owner or operator of an affected facility shall identify, record, and submit at the frequency specified in
s. NR 440.07 (3) the following:
NR 440.48(6)(c)1.
1. Where compliance with
sub. (3) is achieved through the use of thermal incineration, each 3-hour period when metal furniture is being coated during which the average temperature of the device was more than 28
°C below the average temperature of the device during the most recent performance test at which destruction efficiency was determined as specified under
sub. (4).
NR 440.48(6)(c)2.
2. Where compliance with
sub. (3) is achieved through the use of catalytic incineration, each 3-hour period when metal furniture is being coated during which the average temperature of the device immediately before the catalyst bed is more than 28
°C below the average temperature of the device immediately before the catalyst bed during the most recent performance test at which destruction efficiency was determined as specified under
sub. (4). Additionally, when metal furniture is being coated, all 3-hour periods during which the average temperature difference across the catalyst bed is less than 80% of the average temperature difference across the catalyst bed during the most recent performance test at which destruction efficiency was determined as specified under
sub. (4) will be recorded.
NR 440.48(6)(c)3.
3. For thermal and catalytic incinerators, if no periods as described in
subds. 1. and
2. occur, the owner or operator shall state this in the report.
NR 440.48(6)(d)
(d) Each owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section shall maintain at the source, for a period of at least 2 years, records of all data and calculations used to determine VOC emissions from each affected facility. Where compliance is achieved through the use of thermal incineration each owner or operator shall maintain at the source daily records of the incinerator combustion chamber temperature. If catalytic incineration is used, the owner or operator shall maintain at the source daily records of the gas temperature, both upstream and downstream of the incinerator catalyst bed. Where compliance is achieved through the use of a solvent recovery system, the owner or operator shall maintain at the source daily records of the amount of solvent recovered by the system for each affected facility.
NR 440.48(7)(a)1.
1. Method 24, or coating manufacturer's formulation data for use in the determination of VOC content of each batch of coating as applied to the surface of the metal parts but in case of an inconsistency between the Method 24 results and the formulation data, the Method 24 results will govern,
NR 440.48(7)(b)
(b) For Method 24 of
40 CFR part 60, Appendix A, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17, the coating sample shall be at least a one liter sample in a one liter container taken at a point where the sample will be representative of the coating material as applied to the surface of the metal part.
NR 440.48(7)(c)
(c) For Method 25 of
40 CFR part 60, Appendix A, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17, the minimum sampling time for each of 3 runs shall be 60 minutes and the minimum sample volume shall be 0.003 dry standard cubic meters except that shorter sampling times or smaller volumes, when necessitated by process variables or other factors, may be approved by the department.
NR 440.48(7)(d)
(d) The department shall approve testing of representative stacks on a case-by-case basis if the owner or operator can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the department that testing of representative stacks yields results comparable to those that would be obtained by testing all stacks.
NR 440.48 History
History: Cr.
Register, January, 1984, No. 337, eff. 2-1-84; cr. (1) (c), am. (2) (a) (intro.) and (b) (intro.),
Register September, 1990, No. 417, eff. 10-1-90; r. and recr. (6) (b), renum. (6) (c) to be (6) (d), cr. (6) (c),
Register, July, 1993, No. 451, eff. 8-1-93;
CR 06-109: am. (2) (b) 1. to 24., (4) (c) 1. (intro.) and a. 2) and 2. a. (intro.) and (6) (a) 2. Register May 2008 No. 629, eff. 6-1-08. NR 440.50(1)
(1)
Applicability and designation of affected facility. NR 440.50(1)(a)(a) The provisions of this section are applicable to the following affected facilities: all stationary gas turbines with a heat input at peak load equal to or greater than 10.7 gigajoules (10 million Btu) per hour, based on the lower heating value of the fuel fired.
NR 440.50(1)(b)
(b) Any facility under
par. (a) which commences construction, modification, or reconstruction after October 3, 1977, is subject to the requirements of this section except as provided in
sub. (3) (e) and
(j).
NR 440.50(2)
(2) Definitions. As used in this section, terms not defined in this subsection have the meanings given in
s. NR 440.02.
NR 440.50(2)(a)
(a) “Base load" means the load level at which a gas turbine is normally operated.
NR 440.50(2)(b)
(b) “Combined cycle gas turbine" means any stationary gas turbine which recovers heat from the gas turbine exhaust gases to heat water or generate steam.
NR 440.50(2)(bg)
(bg) “Diffusion flame stationary combustion turbine" means any stationary combustion turbine where fuel and air are injected at the combustor and are mixed only by diffusion prior to ignition. A unit which is capable of operating in both lean premix and diffusion flame modes is considered a lean premix stationary combustion turbine when it is in the lean premix mode, and it is considered a diffusion flame stationary combustion turbine when it is in the diffusion flame mode.
NR 440.50(2)(br)
(br) “Duct burner" means a device that combusts fuel and that is placed in the exhaust duct from another source, such as a stationary gas turbine, internal combustion engine or kiln, to allow the firing of additional fuel to heat the exhaust gases before the exhaust gases enter a heat recovery steam generating unit.
NR 440.50(2)(c)
(c) “Efficiency" means the gas turbine manufacturer's rated heat rate at peak load in terms of heat input per unit of power output based on the lower heating value of the fuel.
NR 440.50(2)(d)
(d) “Electric utility stationary gas turbine" means any stationary gas turbine constructed for the purpose of supplying more than one-third of its potential electric output capacity to any utility power distribution system for sale.
NR 440.50(2)(e)
(e) “Emergency fuel" is a fuel fired by a gas turbine only during circumstances, such as natural gas supply curtailment or breakdown of delivery system, that make it impossible to fire natural gas in the gas turbine.
NR 440.50(2)(f)
(f) “Emergency gas turbine" means any stationary gas turbine which operates as a mechanical or electrical power source only when the primary power source for a facility has been rendered inoperable by an emergency situation.
NR 440.50(2)(fm)
(fm) “Excess emissions" means a specified averaging period over which one of the following occurs:
NR 440.50(2)(fm)2.
2. The total sulfur content of the fuel being combusted in the affected facility exceeds the limit specified in
sub. (4).
NR 440.50(2)(fm)3.
3. The recorded value of a particular monitored parameter is outside the acceptable range specified in the parameter monitoring plan for the affected unit.
NR 440.50(2)(g)
(g) “Fire-fighting turbine" means any stationary gas turbine that is used solely to pump water for extinguishing fires.
NR 440.50(2)(h)
(h) “Garrison facility" means any permanent military installation.
NR 440.50(2)(i)
(i) “Gas turbine model" means a group of gas turbines having the same nominal air flow, combustor inlet pressure, combustor inlet temperature, firing temperature, turbine inlet temperature and turbine inlet pressure.
NR 440.50(2)(j)
(j) “ISO standard day conditions" means 288
° Kelvin, 60% relative humidity and 101.3 kilopascals pressure.
NR 440.50(2)(k)
(k) “Ice fog" means an atmospheric suspension of highly reflective ice crystals.
NR 440.50(2)(km)
(km) “Lean premix stationary combustion turbine" means any stationary combustion turbine where the air and fuel are thoroughly mixed to form a lean mixture for combustion in the combustor. Mixing may occur before or in the combustion chamber. A unit which is capable of operating in both lean premix and diffusion flame modes is considered a lean premix stationary combustion turbine when it is in the lean premix mode, and it is considered a diffusion flame stationary combustion turbine when it is in the diffusion flame mode.
NR 440.50(2)(L)
(L) “Natural gas" means a naturally occurring fluid mixture of hydrocarbons, such as methane, ethane, or propane, produced in geological formations beneath the earth's surface that maintains a gaseous state at standard atmospheric temperature and pressure under ordinary conditions. Natural gas contains 20.0 grains or less of total sulfur per 100 standard cubic feet. Equivalents of this in other units are as follows: 0.068 weight percent total sulfur, 680 parts per million by weight (ppmw) total sulfur, and 338 parts per million by volume (ppmv) at 20 degrees Celsius total sulfur. Additionally, natural gas shall either be composed of at least 70% methane by volume or have a gross calorific value between 950 and 1100 Btu per standard cubic foot. Natural gas does not include the following gaseous fuels: landfill gas, digester gas, refinery gas, sour gas, blast furnace gas, coal-derived gas, producer gas, coke oven gas, or any gaseous fuel produced in a process which might result in highly variable sulfur content or heating value.
NR 440.50(2)(m)
(m) “Offshore platform gas turbines" means any stationary gas turbine located on a platform in an ocean.
NR 440.50(2)(n)
(n) “Peak load" means 100% of the manufacturer's design capacity of the gas turbine at ISO standard day conditions.
NR 440.50(2)(p)
(p) “Regenerative cycle gas turbine" means any stationary gas turbine that recovers heat from the gas turbine exhaust gases to preheat the inlet combustion air to the gas turbine.
NR 440.50(2)(q)
(q) “Simple cycle gas turbine" means any stationary gas turbine which does not recover heat from the gas turbine exhaust gases to preheat the inlet combustion air to the gas turbine, or which does not recover heat from the gas turbine exhaust gases to heat water or generate steam.
NR 440.50(2)(r)
(r) “Stationary gas turbine" means any simple cycle gas turbine, regenerative cycle gas turbine or any gas turbine portion of a combined cycle steam/electric generating system that is not self-propelled. It may, however, be mounted on a vehicle for portability.
NR 440.50(2)(s)
(s) “Turbines employed in oil or gas production or oil or gas transportation" means any stationary gas turbine used to provide power to extract crude oil or natural gas, or both, from the earth or to move crude oil or natural gas, or both, or products refined from these substances through pipelines.
NR 440.50(2)(t)
(t) “Unit operating day" means a 24-hour period between 12:00 midnight and the following midnight during which any fuel is combusted at any time in the unit. It is not necessary for fuel to be combusted continuously for the entire 24-hour period.
NR 440.50(2)(u)
(u) “Unit operating hour" means a clock hour during which any fuel is combusted in the affected unit. If the unit combusts fuel for the entire clock hour, it is considered to be a full unit operating hour. If the unit combusts fuel for only part of the clock hour, it is considered to be a partial unit operating hour.
NR 440.50(3)(a)(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required by
s. NR 440.08 is completed, every owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section, as specified in
pars. (b),
(c) and
(d), shall comply with one of the following, except as provided in
pars. (e) through
(L).
NR 440.50(3)(a)1.
1. No owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section may cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any stationary gas turbine, any gases which contain nitrogen oxides in excess of: -
See PDF for diagram
where:
STD is the allowable ISO corrected, if required as given in sub. (6) (c), NOx emissions (percent by volume at 15% oxygen and on a dry basis)
Y is the manufacturer's rated heat rate at manufacturer's rated load (kilojoules per watt hour), or actual measured heat rate based on lower heating value of fuel as measured at actual peak load for the facility (the value of Y may not exceed 14.4 kilojoules per watt hour)
F is the NOx emission allowance for fuel-bound nitrogen as defined in subd. 4.
NR 440.50(3)(a)2.
2. No owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section may cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from any stationary gas turbine, any gases which contain nitrogen oxides in excess of: -
See PDF for diagram
where:
STD is the allowable ISO corrected, if required as given in sub. (6) (c), NOx emissions (percent by volume at 15% oxygen and on a dry basis)
Y is the manufacturer's rated heat rate at manufacturer's rated peak load (kilojoules per watt hour), or actual measured heat rate based on lower heating value of fuel as measured at actual peak load for the facility (the value of Y may not exceed 14.4 kilojoules per watt hour)
