NR 440.45(5)(d)2.
2. For emissions from any lime kiln, periods of excess emissions are all 12-hour average TRS concentration above 8 ppm by volume.
NR 440.45(5)(d)3.
3. For emissions from any digester system, brown stock washer system, multiple-effect evaporator system or condensate stripper system, period of excess emissions are:
NR 440.45(5)(d)3.b.
b. All periods in excess of 5 minutes and their duration during which the combustion temperature at the point of incineration is less than 650
° C (1200
° F) where the provisions of
sub. (4) (a) 1. c. apply.
NR 440.45(5)(e)
(e) The department may not consider periods of excess emissions reported under
par. (d) to be indicative of a violation of
s. NR 440.11 (4), provided that:
NR 440.45(5)(e)1.
1. The percent of the total number of possible contiguous periods of excess emissions in a quarter (excluding periods of startup, shutdown, or malfunction and periods when the facility is not operating) during which excess emissions occur does not exceed:
NR 440.45(5)(e)2.
2. The department determines that the affected facility, including air pollution control equipment, is maintained and operated in a manner which is consistent with good air pollution control practice for minimizing emissions during periods of excess emissions.
NR 440.45(5)(f)
(f) The procedures under
s. NR 440.13 shall be followed for installation, evaluation and operation of the continuous monitoring systems required under this subsection.
NR 440.45(5)(f)1.
1. All continuous monitoring systems shall be operated in accordance with the applicable procedures under Performance Specifications 1, 3 and 5 of
40 CFR part 60, Appendix B, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17 (1).
NR 440.45(6)(a)(a) In conducting the performance tests required in
s. NR 440.08, the owner or operator shall use as reference methods and procedures the test methods in Appendix A of
40 CFR part 60, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17, or other methods and procedures in this subsection, except as provided in
s. NR 440.08 (2). Acceptable alternative methods and procedures are given in
par. (f).
NR 440.45(6)(b)
(b) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the particulate matter standards in
sub. (3) (a) 1. and
3. as follows:
NR 440.45(6)(b)1.
1. Method 5 shall be used to determine the particulate matter concentration. The sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 60 minutes and 0.90 dscm (31.8 dscf). Water shall be used as the cleanup solvent instead of acetone in the sample recovery procedure. The particulate concentration shall be corrected to the appropriate oxygen concentration according to
sub. (5) (c) 3.
NR 440.45(6)(b)2.
2. The emission rate correction factor, integrated sampling and analysis procedure of Method 3B shall be used to determine the oxygen concentration. The gas sample shall be taken at the same time and at the same traverse points as the particulate sample.
NR 440.45(6)(c)
(c) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the particulate matter standard in
sub. (3) (a) 2. as follows:
NR 440.45(6)(c)1.
1. The emission rate (E) of particulate matter shall be computed for each run using the following equation:
E = cs Qsd/BLS
where:
E is the emission rate of particulate matter, g/kg (lb/ton) of BLS
cs is the concentration of particulate matter, g/dscm (lb/dscf)
Qsd is the volumetric flow rate of effluent gas, dscm/hr (dscf/hr)
BLS is the black liquor solids (dry weight) feed rate, kg/hr (ton/hr)
NR 440.45(6)(c)2.
2. Method 5 shall be used to determine the particulate matter concentration (c
s) and the volumetric flow rate (Q
sd) of the effluent gas. The sampling time and sample volume shall be at least 60 minutes and 0.90 dscm (31.8 dscf). Water shall be used instead of acetone in the sample recovery.
NR 440.45(6)(c)3.
3. Process data shall be used to determine the black liquor solids (BLS) feed rate on a dry weight basis.
NR 440.45(6)(d)1.
1. Method 16 shall be used to determine the TRS concentration. The TRS concentration shall be corrected to the appropriate oxygen concentration using the procedure in
sub. (5) (c) 3. The sampling time shall be at least 3 hours, but no longer than 6 hours.
NR 440.45(6)(d)2.
2. The emission rate correction factor, integrated sampling and analysis procedure of Method 3B shall be used to determine the oxygen concentration. The sample shall be taken over the same time period as the TRS samples.
NR 440.45(6)(d)3.
3. When determining whether a furnace is a straight kraft recovery furnace or a cross recovery furnace, TAPPI Method T624, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17, shall be used to determine sodium sulfide, sodium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate. These determinations shall be made 3 times daily from the green liquor, and the daily average values shall be converted to sodium oxide (Na
2O) and substituted into the following equation to determine the green liquor sulfidity: -
See PDF for diagram 
where:
GLS is the green liquor sulfidity, percent
where:
E is the emission rate of TRS, g/kg (lb/ton) of BLS or ADP
CTRS is the average combined concentration of TRS, ppm
F is the conversion factor, 0.001417 g H2S/m
3-ppm (8.846 10-8 lb H2S/ft3-ppm)
Qsd is the volumetric flow rate of stack gas, dscm/hr (dscf/hr)
P is the black liquor solids feed or pulp production rate, kg/hr (ton/hr)
NR 440.45(6)(e)3.
3. Method 2 shall be used to determine the volumetric flow rate (Q
sd) of the effluent gas.
NR 440.45(6)(e)4.
4. Process data shall be used to determine the black liquor feed rate or the pulp production rate (P).
NR 440.45(6)(f)
(f) The owner or operator may use the following as alternatives to the reference methods and procedures specified in this subsection:
NR 440.45(6)(f)1.
1. For Method 5, Method 17 may be used if a constant value of 0.009 g/dscm (0.004 gr/dscf) is added to the results of Method 17 and the stack temperature is no greater than 204
°C (400
°F).
NR 440.45 History
History: Cr.
Register, January, 1984, No. 337, eff. 2-1-84; cr. (4) (a) 1. f. and (6) (d) 5.,
Register, September, 1986, No. 369, eff. 10-1-86; am. (1) (a) and (b), (2) (intro.) and (c), (3) (a) 2., (4) (a) 1. intro., d. and f., 2., 4. and 5., (5) (a) 2. intro., (b) 1., (a) (intro.), 3. intro. and b., (6) (d) 1., cr. (5) (c) 4., r. recr. (6) (d) 3.,
Register, September, 1990, No. 417, eff. 10-1-90; r, and recr. (6),
Register, July, 1993, No. 451, eff. 8-1-93
; correction in (6) (d) made under s. 13.93 (2m) (b) 7., Stats.,
Register, November, 1999, No. 527;
CR 06-109: am. (2) (f) and (o), (3) (a) 2., 3. a., (4) (a) 1. (intro.), a., b., c. and e., (5) (a) 2. b., (c) (intro.) and 3. and (d) 3. b., (6) (c) 1., (e) 1. and (f) 1. and 2., cr. (5) (f) Register May 2008 No. 629, eff. 6-1-08.
NR 440.46
NR 440.46 Glass manufacturing plants. NR 440.46(1)
(1)
Applicability and designation of affected facility. NR 440.46(1)(a)(a) Each glass melting furnace is an affected facility to which the provisions of this section apply.
NR 440.46(1)(b)
(b) Any facility under
par. (a) that commences construction or modification after June 15, 1979, is subject to the requirements of this section.
NR 440.46(1)(c)
(c) This section does not apply to hand glass melting furnaces, glass melting furnaces designed to produce less than 4.55 Mg (5 tons) of glass per day and all-electric melters.
NR 440.46(2)
(2) Definitions. As used in this section, terms not defined in this subsection have the meanings given in
s. NR 440.02, unless otherwise required by the context.
NR 440.46(2)(a)
(a) “All-electric melter" means a glass melting furnace in which all the heat required for melting is provided by electric current from electrodes submerged in the molten glass, although some fossil fuel may be charged to the furnace as raw material only.
NR 440.46(2)(c)
(c) “Container glass" means glass made of soda-lime recipe, clear or colored, which is pressed or blown, or both, into bottles, jars, ampoules and other products listed under SIC code 3221 in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17.
NR 440.46(2)(cm)
(cm) “Experimental furnace" means a glass melting furnace with the sole purpose of operating to evaluate glass melting processes, technologies, or glass products. An experimental furnace does not produce glass that is sold (except for further research and development purposes) or that is used as a raw material for nonexperimental furnaces.
NR 440.46(2)(d)
(d) “Flat glass" means glass made of soda-lime recipe and produced into continuous flat sheets and other products listed under SIC code 3211 in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17.
NR 440.46(2)(dm)
(dm) “Flow channels" means appendages used for conditioning and distributing molten glass to forming apparatuses and are a permanently separate source of emissions such that no mixing of emissions occurs with emissions from the melter cooling system prior to their being vented to the atmosphere.
NR 440.46(2)(e)
(e) “Glass melting furnace" means a unit comprising a refractory vessel in which raw materials are charged, melted at high temperature, refined and conditioned to produce molten glass. The unit includes foundations, superstructure and retaining walls, raw material charger systems, heat exchangers, melter cooling system, exhaust system, refractory brick work, fuel supply and electrical boosting equipment, integral control systems and instrumentation and appendages for conditioning and distributing molten glass to forming apparatuses. The forming apparatuses, including the float bath used in flat glass manufacturing and flow channels in wool fiberglass and textile manufacturing, are not considered part of the glass melting furnace.
NR 440.46(2)(f)
(f) “Glass produced" means the weight of the glass pulled from the glass melting furnace.
NR 440.46(2)(g)
(g) “Hand glass melting furnace" means a glass furnace where the molten glass is removed from the furnace by a glassworker using a blowpipe or a pontil.
NR 440.46(2)(h)
(h) “Lead recipe" means glass product composition of the following ranges of weight proportions: 50 to 50% silicon dioxide, 18 to 35% lead oxides, 5 to 20% total R
2O (e.g., Na
2O and K
2O), 0 to 8% total R
2O
3 (e.g., -
See PDF for diagram ), 0 to 15% total RO (e.g., CaO, MgO), other than lead oxide, and 5 to 10% other oxides.
NR 440.46(2)(i)
(i) “Pressed and blown glass" means glass which is pressed, blown, or both, including textile fiberglass, noncontinuous flat glass, noncontainer glass and other products listed under SIC code 3229 in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17. It is separated into glass of borosilicate recipe, glass of soda-lime and lead recipes, glass of opal, fluoride and other recipes.
NR 440.46(2)(j)
(j) “Rebricking" means cold replacement of damaged or worn refractory parts of the glass melting furnace. Rebricking includes replacement of the refractories comprising the bottom, sidewalls or roof of the melting vessel; replacement of refractory work in the heat exchanger; and replacement of refractory portions of the glass conditioning and distribution system.
NR 440.46(2)(k)
(k) “Soda-lime recipe" means glass product composition of the following ranges of weight proportions: 60 to 75% silicon dioxide, 10 to 17% total R
2O (e.g., Na
2O and K
2O), 8 to 20% total RO but not to include any PbO (e.g., CaO and MgO), 0 to 8% total -
See PDF for diagram (e.g., Al
2O
3) and 1 to 5% other oxides.
NR 440.46(2)(km)
(km) “Textile fiberglass" means fibrous glass in the form of continuous strands having uniform thickness.
NR 440.46(2)(ks)
(ks) “With modified-processes" means using any technique designed to minimize emissions without the use of add-on pollution controls.
NR 440.46(2)(L)
(L) “Wool fiberglass" means fibrous glass of random texture, including fiberglass insulation, and other products listed under SIC code 3296 in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17.
NR 440.46(3)(a)(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by
s. NR 440.08 is completed, no owner or operator of a glass melting furnace subject to the provisions of this section may cause to be discharged into the atmosphere:
NR 440.46(3)(a)1.
1. From any glass melting furnace fired exclusively with either a gaseous fuel or a liquid fuel, particulate matter at emission rates exceeding those specified in Table 1, Column 2 and Column 3, respectively, or
NR 440.46(3)(a)2.
2. From any glass melting furnace, fired simultaneously with gaseous and liquid fuels, particulate matter at emission rates exceeding STD as specified by the following equation: -
See PDF for diagram
where:
STD is the particulate matter emission limit, g of particulate/kg (lb of particulate/ton) of glass produced
X is the emission rate specified in Table 1 for furnaces fired with gaseous fuel (Column 2)
Y is the decimal fraction of liquid fuel heating value to total (gaseous and liquid) fuel heating value fired in the glass melting furnaces as determined in sub. (7) (b) (joules/joules)
NR 440.46(3)(b)
(b) Conversion of a glass melting furnace to the use of liquid fuel may not be considered a modification for the purposes of
s. NR 440.14.
NR 440.46(3)(c)
(c) Rebricking and the cost of rebricking may not be considered a reconstruction for the purposes of
s. NR 440.15.
NR 440.46(3)(d)
(d) An owner or operator of an experimental furnace is not subject to the requirements of this section.
NR 440.46(3)(e)
(e) During routine maintenance of add-on pollution controls an owner or operator of a glass melting furnace subject to the provisions of
sub. (3) (a) is exempt from the provisions of this subsection if:
NR 440.46(3)(e)1.
1. Routine maintenance in each calendar year does not exceed 6 days;
