NR 440.44(6)(i)(i) If visible emissions observations are made in lieu of using a continuous opacity monitoring system, as allowed for by sub. (4) (c), visible emissions observations shall be conducted at least once per day for at least 3 6-minute periods when the furnace is operating in the melting and refining period. All visible emissions observations shall be conducted in accordance with Method 9. If visible emissions occur from more than one point, the opacity shall be recorded for any points where visible emissions are observed. Where it is possible to determine that a number of visible emission sites relate to only one incident of the visible emissions, only one set of 3 6-minute observations shall be required. In that case the Method 9 observations shall be made for the site of highest opacity that directly relates to the cause, or location, of visible emissions observed during a single incident. Records shall be maintained of any 6-minute average that is in excess of the emission limit specified in sub. (3) (a). NR 440.44(6)(j)(j) Unless the presence of inclement weather makes concurrent testing infeasible the owner or operator shall conduct concurrently the performance tests required under s. NR 440.08 to demonstrate compliance with sub. (3) (a) 1., 2., and 3. NR 440.44(7)(a)(a) Operation at a furnace static pressure that exceeds the value established under sub. (5) (g) and either operation of control system fan motor amperes at values exceeding ± 15% of the value established under sub. (5) (c) or operation at flow rates lower than those established under sub. (5) (c) may be considered by the department to be unacceptable operation and maintenance of the affected facility. Operation at such values shall be reported to the department semiannually. NR 440.44(7)(b)(b) When the owner or operator of an EAF is required to demonstrate compliance with the standard under sub. (6) (b) 2. or a combination of sub. (6) (b) 1. and 2. the owner or operator shall obtain approval from the department of the procedure that will be used to determine compliance. Notification of the procedure to be used must be postmarked at least 30 days prior to the performance test. NR 440.44(7)(c)(c) For the purpose of this section, the owner or operator shall conduct the demonstration of compliance with sub. (3) (a) and furnish the department a written report of the results of the test. The report shall include the following information: NR 440.44(7)(c)3.3. Make and model of process, control device and continuous monitoring equipment. NR 440.44(7)(c)4.4. Flow diagram of process and emissions capture equipment including other equipment or processes ducted to the same control device. NR 440.44(7)(c)11.11. Description of test methodology used, including any deviation from standard reference methods. NR 440.44(7)(d)(d) The owner or operator shall maintain records of all shop opacity observations made in accordance with sub. (4) (d). All shop opacity observations in excess of the emission limit specified in sub. (3) (a) 3. shall indicate a period of excess emission, and shall be reported to the department semi-annually, according to s. NR 440.07 (3). NR 440.44(7)(e)(e) The owner or operator shall maintain all the following records for each bag leak detection system required under sub. (4) (e): NR 440.44(7)(e)2.2. Records of bag leak detection system adjustments, including the date and time of the adjustment, the initial bag leak detection system settings, and the final bag leak detection system settings. NR 440.44(7)(e)3.3. An identification of the date and time of all bag leak detection system alarms, the time that procedures to determine the cause of the alarm were initiated, if procedures were initiated within one hour of the alarm, the cause of the alarm, an explanation of the actions taken, the date and time the cause of the alarm was alleviated, and if the alarm was alleviated within 3 hours of the alarm. NR 440.44 HistoryHistory: Cr. Register, January, 1984, No. 337, eff. 2-1-84; am. (1) (a) and (b), (20. (g), (3) (a) 3. intro., a. to c., (5) (b) and (c), (6) (a) 1., 3. and 4., (b) (b) and (c), renum. (5) (e), (f) and (g) to be (5) (f), (g) and (h), cr. (4) (c), (5) (e) and (i), (6) (a) 5., (6) (i) and (j) and (7), Register, September, 1986, No. 369, eff. 10-1-86; am. (2) (a) (intro.), (4) (c) and (5) (c), r. (5) (d), Register, September, 1990, No. 417, eff. 10-1-90; r. and recr. (4) (c) and (6) (a) to (f), am. (5) (i) 4. and (7) (b), Register, July, 1993, No. 451, eff. 8-1-93; correction in (5) (a) and (b) made under s. 13.93 (2m) (b) 7., Stats., Register, November, 1999, No. 527; CR 06-109: renum. (2) (a) to be (2) (am), cr. (2) (a), (4) (d) to (g) and (7) (c) to (e), am. (2) (e), (j) and (n), (3) (a) 3. c., (4) (b) and (c), (5) (a) 4., (b), (c), (f), (g), (i) (intro.), (6) (e) 4. and (i) and (7) (a) and (b) Register May 2008 No. 629, eff. 6-1-08. NR 440.445NR 440.445 Steel plants: electric arc furnaces and argon-oxygen decarburization vessels constructed after August 17, 1983. NR 440.445(1)(a)(a) The provisions of this section are applicable to the following facilities in steel plants that produce carbon, alloy, or specialty steels: electric arc furnaces, argon-oxygen decarburization vessels and dust-handling systems. NR 440.445(1)(b)(b) The provisions of this section apply to each affected facility identified in par. (a) that commences construction, modification, or reconstruction after August 17, 1983. NR 440.445(2)(2) Definitions. As used in this section, terms not defined in this subsection have the meanings given in s. NR 440.02. NR 440.445(2)(a)(a) “Argon-oxygen decarburization vessel” or “AOD vessel” means any closed-bottom, refractory-lined converter vessel with submerged tuyeres through which gaseous mixtures containing argon and oxygen or nitrogen may be blown into molten steel for further refining. NR 440.445(2)(am)(am) “Bag leak detection system” means a system that is capable of continuously monitoring relative particulate matter (dust) loadings in the exhaust of a baghouse to detect bag leaks and other conditions that result in increases in particulate loadings. A bag leak detection system includes an instrument that operates on triboelectric, electrodynamic, light scattering, light transmittance, or other effect to continuously monitor relative particulate matter loadings. NR 440.445(2)(b)(b) “Capture system” means the equipment (including ducts, hoods, fans, dampers, etc.) used to capture or transport particulate matter generated by an electric arc furnace or AOD vessel to the air pollution control device. NR 440.445(2)(c)(c) “Charge” means the addition of iron and steel scrap or other materials into the top of an electric arc furnace or the addition of molten steel or other materials into the top of an AOD vessel. NR 440.445(2)(d)(d) “Control device” means the air pollution control equipment used to remove particulate matter from the effluent gas stream generated by an electric arc furnace or AOD vessel. NR 440.445(2)(e)(e) “Direct-shell evacuation control system” or “DEC system” means a system that maintains a negative pressure within the electric arc furnace above the slag or metal and ducts emissions to the control device. NR 440.445(2)(f)(f) “Dust-handling system” means equipment used to handle particulate matter collected by the control device for an electric arc furnace or AOD vessel subject to this section. For the purposes of this section the dust-handling system shall consist of the control device dust hoppers, the dust-conveying equipment, any central dust storage equipment, the dust-treating equipment (e.g., pug mill, pelletizer), dust transfer equipment (from storage to truck) and any secondary control devices used with the dust transfer equipment. NR 440.445(2)(g)(g) “Electric arc furnace” or “EAF” means a furnace that produces molten steel and heats the charge materials with electric arcs from carbon electrodes. For the purposes of this section an EAF shall consist of the furnace shell and roof and the transformer. Furnaces that continuously feed direct-reduced iron ore pellets as the primary source of iron are not affected facilities within the scope of this definition. NR 440.445(2)(h)(h) “Heat cycle” means the period beginning when scrap is charged to an empty EAF and ending when the EAF tap is completed or beginning when molten steel is charged to an empty AOF vessel and ending when the AOD vessel tap is completed. NR 440.445(2)(hm)(hm) “Meltdown and refining period” means the time period commencing at the termination of the initial charging period and ending at the initiation of the tapping period, excluding any intermediate charging periods and times when power to the EAF is off. NR 440.445(2)(i)(i) “Melting” means that phase of steel production cycle during which the iron and steel scrap is heated to the molten state. NR 440.445(2)(j)(j) “Negative-pressure fabric filter” means a fabric filter with the fans on the downstream side of the filter bags. NR 440.445(2)(k)(k) “Positive-pressure fabric filter” means a fabric filter with the fans on the upstream side of the filter bags. NR 440.445(2)(L)(L) “Refining” means the phase of the steel production cycle during which undesirable elements are removed from the molten steel and alloys are added to reach the final metal chemistry. NR 440.445(2)(m)(m) “Shop” means the building which houses one or more EAF’s or AOD vessels. NR 440.445(2)(n)(n) “Shop opacity” means the arithmetic average of 24 observations of the opacity of emissions from the shop taken in accordance with Method 9 of 40 CFR part 60, Appendix A, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17. NR 440.445(2)(o)(o) “Tap” means the pouring of molten steel from an EAF or AOD vessel. NR 440.445(2)(om)(om) “Tapping period” means the time period commencing at the moment an EAF begins to pour molten steel and ending either 3 minutes after steel ceases to flow from an EAF, or 6 minutes after steel begins to flow, whichever is longer. NR 440.445(3)(a)(a) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by s. NR 440.08 is completed no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section may cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from an EAF or an AOD vessel any gases which: NR 440.445(3)(a)1.1. Exit from a control device and contain particulate matter in excess of 12 mg/dscm (0.0052 gr/dscf); NR 440.445(3)(a)3.3. Exit from a shop and, due solely to the operations of any affected EAF(s) or AOD vessel(s), exhibit 6% opacity or greater. NR 440.445(3)(b)(b) On and after the date on which the performance test required to be conducted by s. NR 440.08 is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section may cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from the dust-handling system any gases that exhibit 10% opacity or greater. NR 440.445(4)(a)(a) Except as provided under pars. (b) and (c) a continuous monitoring system for the measurement of the opacity of emissions discharged into the atmosphere from the control device(s) shall be installed, calibrated, maintained and operated by the owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section. NR 440.445(4)(b)(b) No continuous monitoring system is required on any control device serving the dust-handling system. NR 440.445(4)(c)(c) A continuous monitoring system for the measurement of opacity of emissions discharged into the atmosphere from the control device is not required on modular, multiple-stack, negative-pressure or positive-pressure fabric filter if observations of the opacity of the visible emissions from the control device are performed by a certified visible emissions observer; or on any single-stack fabric filter if visible emissions from the control device are performed by a certified visible emission observer and the owner installs and continuously operates a bag leak detection system according to par. (e). Visible emission observations are shall be conducted at least once per day for at least 3 6-minute periods when the furnace is operating in the melting and refining period. All visible emissions observations shall be conducted in accordance with Method 9. If visible emissions occur from more than one point, the opacity shall be recorded for any point where visible emissions are observed. Where it is possible to determine that a number of visible emission sites relate to only one incident of the visible emission, only one set of 3 6-minute observations will be required. In that case, the Method 9 observations shall be made for the site of highest opacity that directly relates to the cause, or location, of visible emissions observed during a single incident. Records shall be maintained of any 6-minute average that is in excess of the emission limit specified in sub. (3) (a). NR 440.445(4)(d)(d) A furnace static pressure monitoring device is not required on any EAF equipped with a DEC system if observations of shop opacity are performed by a certified visible emission observer as follows: Shop opacity observations shall be conducted at least once per day when the furnace is operating in the meltdown and refining period. Shop opacity shall be determined as the arithmetic average of 24 or more consecutive 15-second opacity observations of emissions from the shop taken in accordance with Method 9. Shop opacity shall be recorded for any points where visible emissions are observed. Where it is possible to determine that a number of visible emission sites relate to only one incident of visible emissions, only one observation of shop opacity shall be required. In this case, the shop opacity observations shall be made for the site of highest opacity that directly relates to the cause or location of visible emissions observed during a single incident. NR 440.445(4)(e)(e) A bag leak detection system shall be installed and continuously operated on all single-stack fabric filters if the owner or operator elects not to install and operate a continuous opacity monitoring system as provided for under par. (c). In addition, the owner or operator shall meet the visible emissions observation requirements in par. (c). The bag leak detection system shall meet the specifications and requirements of subds. 1. to 8. NR 440.445(4)(e)1.1. The bag leak detection system shall be certified by the manufacturer to be capable of detecting particulate matter emissions at concentrations of one milligram per actual cubic meter (0.00044 grains per actual cubic foot) or less. NR 440.445(4)(e)2.2. The bag leak detection system sensor shall provide output of relative particulate matter loadings and the owner or operator shall continuously record the output from the bag leak detection system using electronic or other mean such as a strip chart recorder or a data logger. NR 440.445(4)(e)3.3. The bag leak detection system shall be equipped with an alarm system that will sound when an increase in relative particulate loading is detected over the alarm set point established according to subd. 4., and the alarm shall be located such that it can be heard by the appropriate plant personnel. NR 440.445(4)(e)4.4. For each bag leak detection system required by this paragraph, the owner or operator shall develop and submit to the department, for approval, a site-specific monitoring plan that addresses the items identified in subd. 4. a. to e. For each bag leak detection system that operates based on the triboelectric effect, the monitoring plan shall be consistent with the recommendations contained in the EPA guidance document “Fabric Filter Bag Leak Detection Guidance” (EPA-454/R-98-015), incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 (2) (i) 4. The owner or operator shall operate and maintain the bag leak detection system according to the site-specific monitoring plan at all times. The plan shall describe all the following: NR 440.445(4)(e)4.b.b. Initial and periodic adjustment of the bag leak detection system including how the alarm set-point will be established. NR 440.445(4)(e)4.c.c. Operation of the bag leak detection system including quality assurance procedures. NR 440.445(4)(e)4.d.d. How the bag leak detection system will be maintained including a routine maintenance schedule and spare parts inventory list. NR 440.445(4)(e)5.5. The initial adjustment of the system shall, at a minimum, consist of establishing the baseline output by adjusting the sensitivity (range) and the averaging period of the device, and establishing the alarm set points and the alarm delay time, if applicable. NR 440.445(4)(e)6.6. Following initial adjustment, the owner or operator may not adjust the averaging period, alarm set point, or alarm delay time without approval from the department except as provided for in subd. 6. a. and b. NR 440.445(4)(e)6.a.a. Once per quarter, the owner or operator may adjust the sensitivity of the bag leak detection system to account for seasonal effects including temperature and humidity according to the procedures identified in the site-specific monitoring plan required under subd. 4. NR 440.445(4)(e)6.b.b. If opacities greater than zero percent are observed over 4 consecutive 15-second observations during the daily opacity observations required under par. (c) and the alarm on the bag leak detection system does not sound, the owner or operator shall lower the alarm set point on the bag leak detection system to a point where the alarm would have sounded during the period when the opacity observations were made. NR 440.445(4)(e)7.7. For negative pressure, induced air baghouses, and positive pressure baghouses that are discharged to the atmosphere through a stack, the bag leak detection sensor shall be installed downstream of the baghouse and upstream of any wet scrubber. NR 440.445(4)(e)8.8. Where multiple detectors are required, the system’s instrumentation and alarm may be shared among detectors.
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Department of Natural Resources (NR)
Chs. NR 400-499; Environmental Protection – Air Pollution Control
administrativecode/NR 440.44(7)(c)19.
administrativecode/NR 440.44(7)(c)19.
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