NR 440.44(4)(c)
(c) A continuous monitoring system for the measurement of the opacity of emissions discharged into the atmosphere from the control device is not required on any modular, multiple-stack, negative-pressure or positive-pressure fabric filter if observations of the opacity of the visible emissions from the control device are performed by a certified visible emissions observer; or on any single-stack fabric filter if visible emissions from the control device are performed by a certified visible emission observer and the owner installs and continuously operates a bag leak detection system according to
par. (e). Visible emission observations shall be conducted at least once per day for at least 3 6-minute periods when the furnace is operating in the melting and refining period. All visible emissions observations shall be conducted in accordance with Method 9. If visible emissions occur from more than one point, the opacity shall be recorded for any point where visible emissions are observed. Where it is possible to determine that a number of visible emission sites relate to only one incident of the visible emission, only one set of 3 6-minute observations will be required. In that case, Method 9 observations shall be made for the site of highest opacity that directly relates to the cause, or location, of visible emissions observed during a single incident. Records shall be maintained of any 6-minute average that is in excess of the emission limit specified in
sub. (3) (a).
NR 440.44(4)(d)
(d) A furnace static pressure monitoring device is not required on any EAF equipped with a DEC system if observations of shop opacity are performed by a certified visible emission observer as follows: Shop opacity observations shall be conducted at least once per day when the furnace is operating in the meltdown and refining period. Shop opacity shall be determined as the arithmetic average of 24 or more consecutive 15-second opacity observations of emissions from the shop taken in accordance with Method 9. Shop opacity shall be recorded for any points where visible emissions are observed in proximity to an affected EAF. Where it is possible to determine that a number of visible emission sites relate to only one incident of visible emissions, only one observation of shop opacity shall be required. In this case, the shop opacity observations shall be made for the site of highest opacity that directly relates to the cause or location of visible emissions observed during a single incident.
NR 440.44(4)(e)
(e) A bag leak detection system shall be installed and continuously operated on all single-stack fabric filters if the owner or operator elects not to install and operate a continuous opacity monitoring system as provided for under
par. (c). In addition, the owner or operator shall meet the visible emissions observation requirements in
par. (c). The bag leak detection system shall meet the specifications and requirements of
subds. 1. to
8.
NR 440.44(4)(e)1.
1. The bag leak detection system shall be certified by the manufacturer to be capable of detecting particulate matter emissions at concentrations of one milligram per actual cubic meter (0.00044 grains per actual cubic foot) or less.
NR 440.44(4)(e)2.
2. The bag leak detection system sensor shall provide output of relative particulate matter loadings and the owner or operator shall continuously record the output from the bag leak detection system using electronic or other means such as a strip chart recorder or a data logger.
NR 440.44(4)(e)3.
3. The bag leak detection system shall be equipped with an alarm system that will sound when an increase in relative particulate loading is detected over the alarm set point established according to
subd. 4., and the alarm shall be located such that it can be heard by the appropriate plant personnel.
NR 440.44(4)(e)4.
4. For each bag leak detection system required by this paragraph, the owner or operator shall develop and submit to the department, for approval, a site-specific monitoring plan that addresses the items identified in
subd. 4. a. to
e. For each bag leak detection system that operates based on the triboelectric effect, the monitoring plan shall be consistent with the recommendations contained in the EPA guidance document “Fabric Filter Bag Leak Detection Guidance" (EPA-454/R-98-015). The owner or operator shall operate and maintain the bag leak detection system according to the site-specific monitoring plan at all times. The plan shall describe all of the following:
NR 440.44(4)(e)4.b.
b. Initial and periodic adjustment of the bag leak detection system including how the alarm set-point will be established.
NR 440.44(4)(e)4.c.
c. Operation of the bag leak detection system including quality assurance procedures.
NR 440.44(4)(e)4.d.
d. How the bag leak detection system will be maintained including a routine maintenance schedule and spare parts inventory list.
NR 440.44(4)(e)5.
5. The initial adjustment of the system shall, at a minimum, consist of establishing the baseline output by adjusting the sensitivity (range) and the averaging period of the device, and establishing the alarm set points and the alarm delay time, if applicable.
NR 440.44(4)(e)6.
6. Following initial adjustment, the owner or operator may not adjust the averaging period, alarm set point, or alarm delay time without approval from the department except as provided for in
subd. 6. a. and
b.
NR 440.44(4)(e)6.a.
a. Once per quarter, the owner or operator may adjust the sensitivity of the bag leak detection system to account for seasonal effects including temperature and humidity according to the procedures identified in the site-specific monitoring plan required under
subd. 4.
NR 440.44(4)(e)6.b.
b. If opacities greater than zero percent are observed over 4 consecutive 15-second observations during the daily opacity observations required under
par. (c) and the alarm on the bag leak detection system does not sound, the owner or operator shall lower the alarm set point on the bag leak detection system to a point where the alarm would have sounded during the period when the opacity observations were made.
NR 440.44(4)(e)7.
7. For negative pressure, induced air baghouses, and positive pressure baghouses that are discharged to the atmosphere through a stack, the bag leak detection sensor shall be installed downstream of the baghouse and upstream of any wet scrubber.
NR 440.44(4)(e)8.
8. Where multiple detectors are required, the system's instrumentation and alarm may be shared among detectors.
NR 440.44(4)(f)
(f) For each bag leak detection system installed according to
par. (e), the owner or operator shall initiate procedures to determine the cause of all alarms within one hour of an alarm. Except as provided for in
par. (g), the cause of the alarm shall be alleviated within 3 hours of the time the alarm occurred by taking whatever corrective actions are necessary. Corrective actions may include the following:
NR 440.44(4)(f)1.
1. Inspecting the baghouse for air leaks, torn or broken bags or filter media, or any other condition that may cause an increase in particulate emissions.
NR 440.44(4)(f)3.
3. Replacing defective bags or filter media or otherwise repairing the control device.
NR 440.44(4)(f)5.
5. Cleaning the bag leak detection system probe or otherwise repairing the bag leak detection system.
NR 440.44(4)(g)
(g) In approving the site-specific monitoring plan required in
par. (e) 4., the department may allow owners or operators more than 3 hours to alleviate specific conditions that cause an alarm if the owner or operator identifies the condition that could lead to an alarm in the monitoring plan, adequately explains why it is not feasible to alleviate the condition within 3 hours of the time the alarm occurred, and demonstrates that the requested additional time will ensure alleviation of the condition as expeditiously as practicable.
NR 440.44(5)(a)(a) The owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section shall maintain records daily of the following information:
NR 440.44(5)(b)
(b) Except as provided under
40 CFR 60.274 (d), the owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section shall check and record on a once-per-shift basis the furnace static pressure (if a DEC system is in use, and a furnace static pressure gauge is installed according to
par. (f)) and either: check and record the control system fan motor amperes and damper positions on a once-per-shift basis; install, calibrate and maintain a monitoring device that continuously records the volumetric flow rate through each separately ducted hood; or install, calibrate and maintain a monitoring device that continuously records the volumetric flow rate at the control device inlet and check and record damper positions on a once-per-shift basis. The monitoring devices may be installed in any appropriate location in the exhaust duct such that reproducible flow rate monitoring will result. Flow rate monitoring devices shall have an accuracy of + 10% over their normal operating range and shall be calibrated according to the manufacturer's instructions. The department may require the owner or operator to demonstrate the accuracy of the monitoring devices relative to Methods 1 and 2 of
40 CFR part 60, Appendix A, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17 (1).
NR 440.44(5)(c)
(c) When the owner or operator of an affected facility is required to demonstrate compliance with the standard under
sub. (3) (a) 3., and at any other time, the department may require that either: the control system fan motor amperes and all damper positions, the volumetric flow rate through each separately ducted hood, or the volumetric flow rate at the control device inlet and all damper positions shall be determined during all periods in which the hood is operated for the purpose of capturing emissions from the affected facility subject to
par. (b). The owner or operator may petition the department for reestablishment of these parameters whenever the owner or operator can demonstrate to the department's satisfaction that the EAF operating conditions upon which the parameters were previously established are no longer applicable. The values of these parameters as determined during the most recent demonstration of compliance shall be maintained at the appropriate level for each applicable period. Operation at other than baseline values may be subject to the requirements of
sub. (7) (a).
NR 440.44 Note
Note:
Under
40 CFR 60.274 (d), the owner or operator may petition the administrator to approve any alternative method that will provide a continuous record of operation of each emission capture system.
NR 440.44(5)(e)
(e) The owner or operator shall perform monthly operational status inspections of the equipment that is important to the performance of the total capture system (i.e., pressure sensors, dampers and damper switches). This inspection shall include observations of the physical appearance of the equipment (e.g., presence of hole in ductwork or hoods, flow constrictions caused by dents or accumulated dust in ductwork, and fan erosion). Any deficiencies shall be noted and proper maintenance performed.
NR 440.44(5)(f)
(f) Except as provided for under
sub. (4) (d), where emissions during any phase of the heat time are controlled by use of a DEC system, the owner or operator shall install, calibrate and maintain a monitoring device that continuously records the pressure in the free space inside the EAF. The pressure shall be recorded as 15-minute integrated averages. The monitoring device may be installed in any appropriate location in the EAF or DEC system duct prior to the introduction of ambient air such that reproducible results will be obtained. The pressure monitoring device shall have an accuracy of
± 5 mm of water gauge over its normal operating range and shall be calibrated according to the manufacturer's instructions.
NR 440.44(5)(g)
(g) Except as provided for under
sub. (4) (d), when the owner or operator of an EAF is required to demonstrate compliance with the standard under
sub. (3) (a) 3. and at any other time the department may require, the pressure in the free space inside the furnace shall be determined during the meltdown and refining periods using the monitoring device under
par. (f). The owner or operator may petition the department for reestablishment of the 15-minute integrated average pressure whenever the owner or operator can demonstrate to the department's satisfaction that the EAF operating conditions upon which the pressures were previously established are no longer applicable. The pressure determined during the most recent demonstration of compliance shall be maintained at all times the EAF is operating in a meltdown and refining period. Operation at higher pressures may be considered by the department to be unacceptable operation and maintenance of the affected facility.
NR 440.44(5)(h)
(h) Where the capture system is designed and operated such that all emissions are captured and ducted to a control device, the owner or operator will not be subject to the requirements of this subsection.
NR 440.44(5)(i)
(i) During any performance test required under
s. NR 440.08 and for any report thereof required under
sub. (7) (c) or to determine compliance with
sub. (3) (a) 3., the owner or operator shall monitor the following information for all heats covered by the test:
NR 440.44(5)(i)2.
2. Heat times, including start and stop times, and a log of process operation, including periods of no operation during testing and the pressure inside the furnace where direct-shell evacuation systems are used;
NR 440.44(6)(a)(a) During performance tests required in
s. NR 440.08, the owner or operator may not add gaseous diluent to the effluent gas after the fabric in any pressurized fabric collector, unless the amount of dilution is separately determined and considered in the determination of emissions.
NR 440.44(6)(b)
(b) When emissions from any EAF are combined with emissions from facilities not subject to the provisions of this section but controlled by a common capture system and control device, the owner or operator shall use either or both of the following procedures during a performance test:
NR 440.44 Note
Note:
See also sub. (7) (b).
NR 440.44(6)(b)2.
2. Use a method that is acceptable to the department and that compensates for the emissions from the facilities not subject to the provisions of this section.
NR 440.44(6)(c)
(c) When emissions from any EAF are combined with emissions from facilities not subject to the provisions of this section, the owner or operator shall use either or both of the following procedures to demonstrate compliance with
sub. (3) (a) 3.:
NR 440.44(6)(c)2.
2. Shut down operation of facilities not subject to the provisions of this section during the performance test.
NR 440.44(6)(d)
(d) In conducting the performance tests required in
s. NR 440.08, the owner or operator shall use as reference methods and procedures the test methods in Appendix A of
40 CFR part 60, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17, or other methods and procedures as specified in this subsection, except as provided in
s. NR 440.08 (2).
NR 440.44(6)(e)
(e) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the particulate matter standards in
sub. (3) as follows:
NR 440.44(6)(e)1.
1. Method 5 shall be used for negative-pressure fabric filters and other types of control devices and Method 5D shall be used for positive-pressure fabric filters to determine the particulate matter concentration and, if applicable, the volumetric flow rate of the effluent gas. The sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 4 hours and 4.5 dscm (160 dscf) and, when a single EAF is sampled, the sampling time shall include an integral number of heats.
NR 440.44(6)(e)2.
2. When more than one control device serves the EAF being tested, the concentration of particulate matter shall be determined using the following equation: -
See PDF for diagram 
where:
cst is the average concentration of particulate matter, mg/dscm (gr/dscf)
csi is the concentration of particulate matter from control device “i", mg/dscm (gr/dscf)
n is the total number of control devices tested
Qsdi is the volumetric flow rate of stack gas from control device “i", dscm/hr (dscf/hr)
NR 440.44(6)(e)4.
4. To demonstrate compliance with
sub. (3) (a) 1. to
3., the Method 9 test runs shall be conducted concurrently with the particulate matter test runs, unless inclement weather interferes.
NR 440.44(6)(f)
(f) To comply with
sub. (5) (c),
(f),
(g) and
(i), the owner or operator shall obtain the information in these paragraphs during the particulate matter runs.
NR 440.44(6)(g)
(g) Where emissions from any EAFs are combined with emissions from facilities not subject to the provisions of this section but controlled by a common capture system and control device, the owner or operator may use any of the following procedures during a performance test:
NR 440.44(6)(g)2.
2. Utilize a method acceptable to the department which compensates for the emissions from the facilities not subject to the provisions of this section.
NR 440.44(6)(h)
(h) Where emissions from any EAFs are combined with emissions from facilities not subject to the provisions of this section, the owner or operator may use any of the following procedures for demonstrating compliance with
sub. (3) (a) 3.:
NR 440.44(6)(h)2.
2. Shut down operation of facilities not subject to the provisions of this section.
NR 440.44(6)(i)
(i) If visible emissions observations are made in lieu of using a continuous opacity monitoring system, as allowed for by
sub. (4) (c), visible emissions observations shall be conducted at least once per day for at least 3 6-minute periods when the furnace is operating in the melting and refining period. All visible emissions observations shall be conducted in accordance with Method 9. If visible emissions occur from more than one point, the opacity shall be recorded for any points where visible emissions are observed. Where it is possible to determine that a number of visible emission sites relate to only one incident of the visible emissions, only one set of 3 6-minute observations shall be required. In that case the Method 9 observations shall be made for the site of highest opacity that directly relates to the cause, or location, of visible emissions observed during a single incident. Records shall be maintained of any 6-minute average that is in excess of the emission limit specified in
sub. (3) (a).
NR 440.44(6)(j)
(j) Unless the presence of inclement weather makes concurrent testing infeasible the owner or operator shall conduct concurrently the performance tests required under
s. NR 440.08 to demonstrate compliance with
sub. (3) (a) 1.,
2., and
3.
NR 440.44(7)(a)(a) Operation at a furnace static pressure that exceeds the value established under
sub. (5) (g) and either operation of control system fan motor amperes at values exceeding
" 15% of the value established under
sub. (5) (c) or operation at flow rates lower than those established under
sub. (5) (c) may be considered by the department to be unacceptable operation and maintenance of the affected facility. Operation at such values shall be reported to the department semiannually.
NR 440.44(7)(b)
(b) When the owner or operator of an EAF is required to demonstrate compliance with the standard under
sub. (6) (b) 2. or a combination of
sub. (6) (b) 1. and
2. the owner or operator shall obtain approval from the department of the procedure that will be used to determine compliance. Notification of the procedure to be used must be postmarked at least 30 days prior to the performance test.
NR 440.44(7)(c)
(c) For the purpose of this section, the owner or operator shall conduct the demonstration of compliance with
sub. (3) (a) and furnish the department a written report of the results of the test. The report shall include the following information:
NR 440.44(7)(c)3.
3. Make and model of process, control device and continuous monitoring equipment.
NR 440.44(7)(c)4.
4. Flow diagram of process and emissions capture equipment including other equipment or processes ducted to the same control device.
