NR 440.205(2)(2) Definitions. As used in this section, terms not defined in this subsection have the meanings given in s. NR 440.02. NR 440.205(2)(a)(a) “Annual capacity factor” means the ratio between the actual heat input to a steam generating unit from the fuels listed in sub. (3) (a), (4) (a) or (5) (a), as applicable, during a calendar year and the potential heat input to the steam generating unit had it been operated for 8,760 hours at the maximum steady state design heat input capacity. In the case of steam generating units that are rented or leased, the actual heat input shall be determined based on the combined heat input from all operations of the affected facility in a calendar year. NR 440.205(2)(b)(b) “Byproducts/waste” means any liquid or gaseous substance produced at chemical manufacturing plants, petroleum refineries or pulp and paper mills (except natural gas, distillate oil, or residual oil) and combusted in a steam generating unit for heat recovery or for disposal. Gaseous substances with carbon dioxide levels greater than 50% or carbon monoxide levels greater than 10% are not byproduct/waste for the purposes of this section. NR 440.205(2)(c)(c) “Chemical manufacturing plants” means industrial plants which are classified by the department of commerce under SIC code 28 in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17. NR 440.205(2)(d)(d) “Coal” means all solid fuels classified as an anthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, or lignite by the American Society for Testing and Materials in ASTM D388-99 (reapproved 2004), Standard Specification for Classification of Coals by Rank, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 (2) (a) 12., coal refuse, and petroleum coke. Coal-derived synthetic fuels, including but not limited to solvent refined coal, gasified coal, coal-oil mixtures, and coal-water mixtures, are also included in this definition for the purposes of this section. NR 440.205(2)(e)(e) “Coal refuse” means any byproduct of coal mining or coal cleaning operations with an ash content greater than 50%, by weight, and a heating value less than 13,900 kJ/kg (6,000 Btu/lb) on a dry basis. NR 440.205(2)(f)(f) “Combined cycle system” means a system where a separate source, such as a gas turbine, internal combustion engine, kiln, etc., provides exhaust gas to a heat recovery steam generating unit. NR 440.205(2)(g)(g) “Conventional technology” means wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) technology, dry FGD technology, atmospheric fluidized bed combustion technology, and oil hydrodesulfurization technology. NR 440.205(2)(h)(h) “Distillate oil” means fuel oils which contain 0.05 weight percent nitrogen or less and comply with the specifications for fuel oils number 1 and 2, as defined by the American Society for Testing and Materials in ASTM D396-98, Standard Specification for Fuel Oils, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 (2) (a) 13. NR 440.205(2)(i)(i) “Dry flue gas desulfurization technology” means a sulfur dioxide control system that is located downstream of the steam generating unit and removes sulfur oxides from the combustion gases of the steam generating unit by contacting the combustion gases with an alkaline slurry or solution and forming a dry powder material. This definition includes devices where the dry powder material is subsequently converted to another form. Alkaline slurries or solutions used in dry flue gas desulfurization technology include but are not limited to lime and sodium. NR 440.205(2)(j)(j) “Duct burner” means a device that combusts fuel and that is placed in the exhaust duct from another source, such as a stationary gas turbine, internal combustion engine, kiln, etc., to allow the firing of additional fuel to heat the exhaust gases before the exhaust gases enter a heat recovery steam generating unit. NR 440.205(2)(k)(k) “Emerging technology” means any sulfur dioxide control system that is not defined as a conventional technology under this subsection, and for which the owner or operator of the facility has applied to the administrator and received approval to operate as an emerging technology under sub. (10) (a) 4. NR 440.205(2)(m)(m) “Fluidized bed combustion technology” means combustion of fuel in a bed or series of beds (including but not limited to bubbling bed units and circulating bed units) of limestone aggregate (or other sorbent materials) in which these materials are forced upward by the flow of combustion air and the gaseous products of combustion. NR 440.205(2)(n)(n) “Fuel pretreatment” means a process that removes a portion of the sulfur in a fuel before combustion of the fuel in a steam generating unit. NR 440.205(2)(o)(o) “Full capacity” means operation of the steam generating unit at 90% or more of the maximum steady-state design heat input capacity. NR 440.205(2)(p)(p) “Heat input” means heat derived from combustion of fuel in a steam generating unit and does not include the heat input from preheated combustion air, recirculated flue gases, or exhaust gases from other sources, such as gas turbines, internal combustion engines, kilns, etc. NR 440.205(2)(q)(q) “Heat release rate” means the steam generating unit design heat input capacity (in MW or Btu/hour) divided by the furnace volume (in cubic meters or cubic feet); the furnace volume is that volume bounded by the front furnace wall where the burner is located, the furnace side waterwall, and extending to the level just below or in front of the first row of convection pass tubes. NR 440.205(2)(r)(r) “Heat transfer medium” means any material that is used to transfer heat from one point to another point. NR 440.205(2)(s)(s) “High heat release rate” means a heat release rate greater than 730,000 J/sec-m3 (70,000 Btu/hour-ft3). NR 440.205(2)(t)(t) “Lignite” means a type of coal classified as lignite A or lignite B by the American Society for Testing and Materials in ASTM D388-99 (reapproved 2004), Standard Specification for Classification of Coals by Rank, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 (2) (a) 12. NR 440.205(2)(u)(u) “Low heat release rate” means a heat release rate of 730,000 J/sec-m3 (70,000 Btu/hour-ft3) or less. NR 440.205(2)(v)(v) “Mass-feed stoker steam generating unit” means a steam generating unit where solid fuel is introduced directly into a retort or is fed directly onto a grate where it is combusted. NR 440.205(2)(w)(w) “Maximum heat input capacity” means the ability of a steam generating unit to combust a stated maximum amount of fuel on a steady state basis, as determined by the physical design and characteristics of the steam generating unit. NR 440.205(2)(x)(x) “Municipal-type solid waste” means refuse, more than 50% of which is waste consisting of a mixture of paper, wood, yard wastes, food wastes, plastics, leather, rubber, and other combustible materials, and noncombustible materials such as glass and rock. NR 440.205(2)(y)1.1. A naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbon and nonhydrocarbon gases found in geologic formations beneath the earth’s surface, of which the principal hydrocarbon constituent is methane; or NR 440.205(2)(y)2.2. Liquid petroleum gas, as defined by the American Society for Testing and Materials in ASTM D1835-03a, Standard Specification for Liquid Petroleum Gases, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 (2) (a) 22. NR 440.205(2)(z)(z) “Noncontinental area” means the state of Hawaii, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or the Northern Mariana Islands. NR 440.205(2)(za)(za) “Oil” means crude oil or petroleum or a liquid fuel derived from crude oil or petroleum, including distillate and residual oil. NR 440.205(2)(zb)(zb) “Petroleum refinery” means industrial plants as classified by the department of commerce under SIC code 29 in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17. NR 440.205(2)(zc)(zc) “Potential sulfur dioxide emission rate” means the theoretical sulfur dioxide emissions (ng/J, lb/million Btu heat input) that would result from combusting fuel in an uncleaned state and without using emission control systems. NR 440.205(2)(zd)(zd) “Process heater” means a device that is primarily used to heat a material to initiate or promote a chemical reaction in which the material participates as a reactant or catalyst. NR 440.205(2)(zdm)(zdm) “Pulp and paper mills” means industrial plants which are classified under code 26 of the Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987 or under code 322 of the North American Industry Classification System, United States 2002, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 (2) (i) 1. and 3. respectively. NR 440.205(2)(ze)(ze) “Pulverized coal-fired steam generating unit” means a steam generating unit in which pulverized coal is introduced into an air stream that carries the coal to the combustion chamber of the steam generating unit where it is fired in suspension. This includes both conventional pulverized coal-fired and micropulverized coal-fired steam generating units. NR 440.205(2)(zf)(zf) “Residual oil” means crude oil, fuel oil numbers 1 and 2 that have a nitrogen content greater than 0.05 weight percent, and all fuel oil numbers 4, 5 and 6, as defined by the American Society for Testing and Materials in ASTM D396-98, Standard Specifications for Fuel Oils, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 (2) (a) 13. NR 440.205(2)(zg)(zg) “Spreader stoker steam generating unit” means a steam generating unit in which solid fuel is introduced to the combustion zone by a mechanism that throws the fuel onto a grate from above and in which combustion takes place both in suspension and on the grate. NR 440.205(2)(zh)(zh) “Steam generating unit” means a device that combusts any fuel or byproduct/waste to produce steam or to heat water or any other heat transfer medium. This term includes any municipal-type solid waste incinerator with a heat recovery steam generating unit or any steam generating unit that combusts fuel and is part of a cogeneration system or a combined cycle system. This term does not include process heaters as they are defined in this section. NR 440.205(2)(zi)(zi) “Steam generating unit operating day” means a 24-hour period between 12:00 midnight and the following midnight during which any fuel is combusted at anytime in the steam generating unit. It is not necessary for fuel to be combusted continuously for the entire 24-hour period. NR 440.205(2)(zj)(zj) “Very low sulfur oil” means an oil that contains no more than 0.50 weight percent sulfur or that, when combusted without sulfur dioxide emission control, has a sulfur dioxide emission rate equal to or less than 215 ng/J (0.50 lb/million Btu) heat input. NR 440.205(2)(zk)(zk) “Wet flue gas desulfurization technology” means a sulfur dioxide control system that is located downstream of the steam generating unit and removes sulfur oxides from the combustion gases of the steam generating unit by contacting the combustion gas with an alkaline slurry or solution and forming a liquid material. This definition applies to devices where the aqueous liquid material product of this contact is subsequently converted to other forms. Alkaline reagents used in wet flue gas desulfurization technology include, but are not limited to, lime, limestone, and sodium. NR 440.205(2)(zL)(zL) “Wet scrubber system” means any emission control device that mixes an aqueous stream or slurry with the exhaust gases from a steam generating unit to control emissions of particulate matter or sulfur dioxide. NR 440.205(2)(zm)(zm) “Wood” means wood, wood residue, bark, or any derivative fuel or residue thereof, in any form, including, but not limited to, sawdust, sanderdust, wood chips, scraps, slabs, millings, shavings, and processed pellets made from wood or other forest residues. NR 440.205(3)(a)(a) Except as provided in par. (b), (c), (d), or (j) on and after the date on which the performance test is completed or required to be completed under s. NR 440.08, whichever date comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts coal or oil may cause to be discharged into the atmosphere any gases that contain sulfur dioxide in excess of 10% (0.10) of the potential sulfur dioxide emission rate (90% reduction) and that contain sulfur dioxide in excess of the emission limit determined according to the following formula: Es = (KaHa+ KbHb)/(Ha+ Hb)
where:
Es is the sulfur dioxide emission limit, in ng/J or lb/million Btu heat input
Ka is 520 ng/J (or 1.2 lb/million Btu)
Kb is 340 ng/J (or 0.80 lb/million Btu)
Ha is the heat input from the combustion of coal, in J (million Btu)
Hb is the heat input from the combustion of oil, in J (million Btu)
Only the heat input supplied to the affected facility from the combustion of coal and oil is counted under this subsection. No credit is provided for the heat input to the affected facility from the combustion of natural gas, wood, municipal-type solid waste, or other fuels or heat input to the affected facility from exhaust gases from another source, such as gas turbines, internal combustion engines, kilns, etc.
NR 440.205(3)(b)(b) On and after the date on which the performance test is completed or required to be completed under s. NR 440.08, whichever comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts coal refuse alone in a fluidized bed combustion steam generating unit may cause to be discharged into the atmosphere any gases that contain sulfur dioxide in excess of 20% of the potential sulfur dioxide emission rate (80% reduction) and that contain sulfur dioxide in excess of 520 ng/J (1.2 lb/million Btu) heat input. If coal or oil is fired with coal refuse, the affected facility is subject to par. (a) or (d), as applicable. NR 440.205(3)(c)(c) On and after the date on which the performance test is completed or is required to be completed under s. NR 440.08, whichever comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility that combusts coal or oil, either alone or in combination with any other fuel, and that uses an emerging technology for the control of sulfur dioxide emissions, may cause to be discharged into the atmosphere any gases that contain sulfur dioxide in excess of 50% of the potential sulfur dioxide emission rate (50% reduction) and that contain sulfur dioxide in excess of the emission limit determined according to the following formula: where:
Es is the sulfur dioxide emission limit, expressed in ng/J or lb/million Btu heat input
Kc is 260 ng/J (or 0.60 lb/million Btu)
Kd is 170 ng/J (or 0.40 lb/million Btu)
Hc is the heat input from the combustion of coal, in J (million Btu)
Hd is the heat input from the combustion of oil, in J (million Btu)
Only the heat input supplied to the affected facility from the combustion of coal and oil is counted under this subsection. No credit is provided for the heat input to the affected facility from the combustion of natural gas, wood, municipal-type solid waste, or other fuels, or from the heat input to the affected facility from exhaust gases from another source, such as gas turbines, internal combustion engines, kilns, etc.
NR 440.205(3)(d)(d) On and after the date on which the performance test is completed or required to be completed under s. NR 440.08, whichever comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility listed in subd. 1., 2. or 3. may cause to be discharged into the atmosphere any gases that contain sulfur dioxide in excess of 520 ng/J (1.2 lb/million Btu) heat input if the affected facility combusts coal, or 215 ng/J (0.50 lb/million Btu) heat input if the affected facility combusts oil other than very low sulfur oil. Percent reduction requirements are not applicable to affected facilities under this paragraph. NR 440.205(3)(d)1.1. Affected facilities that have an annual capacity factor for coal and oil of 30% (0.30) or less and are subject to a federally enforceable permit limiting the operation of the affected facility to an annual capacity factor for coal and oil to 30% (0.30) or less; NR 440.205(3)(d)3.3. Affected facilities combusting coal or oil, alone or in combination with any other fuel, in a duct burner as part of a combined cycle system where 30% (0.30) or less of the heat input to the steam generating unit is from combustion of coal and oil in the duct burner and 70% (0.70) or more of the heat input to the steam generating unit is from the exhaust gases entering the duct burner. NR 440.205(3)(e)(e) Except as provided in par. (f), compliance with the emission limits, fuel oil sulfur limits, and/or percent reduction requirements under this subsection are determined on a 30-day rolling average basis. NR 440.205(3)(f)(f) Except as provided for in par. (j) 2., compliance with the emission limits or fuel oil sulfur limits under this subsection is determined on a 24-hour average basis for affected facilities that: NR 440.205(3)(f)1.1. Have a federally enforceable permit limiting the annual capacity factor for oil to 10% or less; NR 440.205(3)(g)(g) Except as provided in par. (i), the sulfur dioxide emission limits and percent reduction requirements under this subsection apply at all times, including periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction. NR 440.205(3)(h)(h) Reductions in the potential sulfur dioxide emission rate through fuel pretreatment are not credited toward the percent reduction requirement under par. (c) unless: NR 440.205(3)(h)1.1. Fuel pretreatment results in a 50% or greater reduction in potential sulfur dioxide emissions and NR 440.205(3)(h)2.2. Emissions from the pretreated fuel (without combustion or post combustion sulfur dioxide control) are equal to or less than the emission limits specified in par. (c). NR 440.205(3)(i)(i) An affected facility subject to par. (a), (b), or (c) may combust very low sulfur oil or natural gas when the sulfur dioxide control system is not being operated because of malfunction or maintenance of the sulfur dioxide control system. NR 440.205(3)(j)(j) Percent reduction requirements are not applicable to affected facilities combusting only very low sulfur oil. The owner or operator of an affected facility combusting very low sulfur oil shall demonstrate that the oil meets the definition of very low sulfur oil by: NR 440.205(3)(j)1.1. Following the performance testing procedures as described in sub. (6) (c) or (d), and following the monitoring procedures as described in sub. (8) (a) or (b) to determine sulfur dioxide emission rate or fuel oil sulfur content; or NR 440.205(4)(a)(a) On and after the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under s. NR 440.08, whichever comes first, no owner or operator of an affected facility which combusts coal or combusts mixtures of coal with other fuels, may cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from that affected facility any gases which contain particulate matter in excess of the following emission limits: NR 440.205(4)(a)1.b.b. If the affected facility combusts coal and other fuels and has an annual capacity factor for the other fuels of 10% (0.10) or less. NR 440.205(4)(a)2.2. 43 ng/J (0.10 lb/million Btu) heat input if the affected facility combusts coal and other fuels and has an annual capacity factor for the other fuels greater than 10% (0.10) and is subject to a federally enforceable requirement limiting operation of the affected facility to an annual capacity factor greater than 10% (0.10) for fuels other than coal. NR 440.205(4)(a)3.3. 86 ng/J (0.20 lb/million Btu) heat input if the affected facility combusts coal or coal and other fuels and: NR 440.205(4)(a)3.a.a. Has an annual capacity factor for coal or coal and other fuels of 30% (0.30) or less, NR 440.205(4)(a)3.c.c. Has a federally enforceable requirement limiting operation of the affected facility to an annual capacity factor 30% (0.30) or less for coal or coal and other solid fuels, and NR 440.205(4)(a)3.d.d. Construction of the affected facility commenced after June 19, 1984 and before November 25, 1986.
