Chapter NR 423

Ww is the weight of water in kilograms (pounds)

WNVOC is the weight of organic compounds included in the VOC exclusion list in s. NR 400.02 (162) in kilograms (pounds)

Vs is the volume of solvent or solvent solution in liters (gallons)

NR 423.02(12) (12) “Wipe cleaning” means the cleaning and removing of soils from the metal surfaces of a product or product component by manually wiping the surfaces with solvent using a porous applicator while maintaining the solvent below its boiling point.

NR 423.02 History History: Renum. from NR 154.01, Register, September, 1986, No. 369, eff. 10-1-86; cr. (3m), am. (4), Register, January, 1987, No. 385, eff. 2-1-88; renum. (9) and (10) to be (10) and (11) and am. (10), cr. (9) and (12), Register, August, 1994, No. 464, eff. 9-1-94; am. (intro.), Register, December, 1995, No. 480, eff. 1-1-96; renum. (3), (3m), (4) and (8) to be NR 400.02 (22v), (26o), (26q) and (60s); cr. (1), (1g), (1r), (5g), (5r), (7m), (8) to (8x), (9c) to (9w), (10g), (10r), (11g) and (11r), Register, January, 2001, No. 541, eff. 2-1-01; CR 08-102: cr. (5m) and (9t) Register July 2009 No. 643, eff. 8-1-09; CR 11-005: renum. (1), (8), (8L), (8t), (9c), (9n), (9r) to be NR 400.02 (26m), (85m), (93m), (107m), (133e), (133m), (133s) Register January 2012 No. 673, eff. 2-1-12.

NR 423.03 NR 423.03 Solvent metal cleaning.

NR 423.03(1) (1) Applicability. Except as provided in sub. (8), this section applies, with a final compliance deadline of May 1, 1980, or as provided by a compliance schedule issued or approved pursuant to s. NR 425.03 (5), to cold cleaning, open top vapor degreasing and conveyorized vapor degreasing operations. This section also applies, with a final compliance deadline of May 1, 1988, except as provided in sub. (8), to conveyorized non-vapor degreasing operations and, under the compliance provisions of sub. (8) (c), to wipe cleaning operations.

NR 423.03 Note Note: Owners and operators of solvent cleaning operations should refer to sub. (2) (h) and (i) and ch. NR 469.

NR 423.03(2) (2) Exemptions. The owner or operator of any facility located in Kenosha, Kewaunee, Manitowoc, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Sheboygan, Washington, or Waukesha county and which claims to be exempt under this subsection from any requirement of subs. (3) to (7) shall comply with the recordkeeping requirements of sub. (10). The following exemptions apply to the source categories indicated:

NR 423.03(2)(a) (a) This section does not apply to individual cold cleaners to which not more than 5.7 liters (1.5 gallons) of solvent is added per day, or to individual open top vapor, conveyorized vapor or conveyorized non-vapor degreasers whose emissions of VOCs are not more than 6.8 kilograms (15 pounds) in any one day provided the following conditions are met:

NR 423.03(2)(a)1. 1. The degreaser is located outside the counties of Brown, Calumet, Dane, Dodge, Door, Fond du Lac, Jefferson, Kenosha, Kewaunee, Manitowoc, Milwaukee, Outagamie, Ozaukee, Racine, Rock, Sheboygan, Walworth, Washington, Waukesha, and Winnebago.

NR 423.03(2)(a)2. 2. The emission rates from open top vapor and conveyorized vapor degreasers are determined and certified before October 1, 1979 in a manner approved by the department, and the emission rates from conveyorized non-vapor degreasers are determined and certified before May 1, 1988 in a manner approved by the department.

NR 423.03(2)(b) (b) This section also does not apply to sources used exclusively for chemical or physical analysis or determination of product quality and commercial acceptance where all of the following conditions are met:

NR 423.03(2)(b)1. 1. The operation of the source is not an integral part of the production process.

NR 423.03(2)(b)2. 2. The emissions from the source do not exceed 363 kilograms (800 pounds) in any calendar month.

NR 423.03(2)(b)3. 3. The exemption is approved in writing by the department.

NR 423.03(2)(c) (c) An individual cold cleaner which is:

NR 423.03(2)(c)1. 1. Located outside of Kenosha, Kewaunee, Manitowoc, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Sheboygan, Washington, and Waukesha counties and which has an open area smaller than 0.10 square meter (1.1 square feet) is exempt from the requirements of sub. (3) (b) to (g).

NR 423.03(2)(c)2. 2. Located outside of Kenosha, Kewaunee, Manitowoc, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Sheboygan, Washington, and Waukesha counties is exempt from the requirements of sub. (3) (h), (i) and (j).

NR 423.03(2)(c)3. 3. Located inside Kenosha, Kewaunee, Manitowoc, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Sheboygan, Washington, or Waukesha county and which has an open area smaller than 0.10 square meter (1.1 square feet), and to which not more than 5.7 liters (1.5 gallons) of solvent is added per day, is exempt from the requirements of sub. (3) (b) to (j).

NR 423.03(2)(d) (d) An individual open top vapor degreaser which is:

NR 423.03(2)(d)1. 1. Located outside of Kenosha, Kewaunee, Manitowoc, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Sheboygan, Washington, and Waukesha counties and which has an open area smaller than 1.0 square meter (10.8 square feet) is exempt from the requirements of sub. (4) (c).

NR 423.03(2)(d)2. 2. Located outside of Kenosha, Kewaunee, Manitowoc, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Sheboygan, Washington, and Waukesha counties is exempt from the requirements of sub. (4) (n) to (q).

NR 423.03(2)(d)3. 3. Located inside Kenosha, Kewaunee, Manitowoc, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Sheboygan, Washington, or Waukesha county and which has an open area smaller than 1.0 square meter (10.8 square feet), and whose emissions of VOCs are not more than 6.8 kilograms (15 pounds) in any one day, is exempt from the requirements of sub. (4) (c), (n), (o) and (p).

NR 423.03(2)(e) (e) An individual conveyorized vapor degreaser which is:

NR 423.03(2)(e)1. 1. Located outside of Kenosha, Kewaunee, Manitowoc, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Sheboygan, Washington, and Waukesha counties and which has an open area smaller than 2.0 square meters (21.6 square feet) is exempt from the requirements of sub. (5) (c).

NR 423.03(2)(e)2. 2. Located outside of Kenosha, Kewaunee, Manitowoc, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Sheboygan, Washington, and Waukesha counties is exempt from the requirements of sub. (5) (h), (i), and (j).

NR 423.03(2)(e)3. 3. Located inside Kenosha, Kewaunee, Manitowoc, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Sheboygan, Washington, or Waukesha county and which has an open area smaller than 2.0 square meters (21.6 square feet), and whose emissions of VOCs are not more than 6.8 kilograms (15 pounds) in any one day, is exempt from the requirements of sub. (5) (c).

NR 423.03(2)(f) (f) An individual conveyorized non-vapor degreaser which is:

NR 423.03(2)(f)1. 1. Located outside of Kenosha, Kewaunee, Manitowoc, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Sheboygan, Washington, and Waukesha counties and which has a total horizontal solvent-air interface smaller than 2.0 square meters (21.6 square feet), where such an interface exists, is exempt from the requirements of sub. (6) (a) 2.

NR 423.03(2)(f)2. 2. Located outside of Brown, Calumet, Dane, Dodge, Door, Fond du Lac, Jefferson, Kenosha, Kewaunee, Manitowoc, Milwaukee, Outagamie, Ozaukee, Racine, Rock, Sheboygan, Walworth, Washington, Waukesha, and Winnebago counties is exempt from sub. (6) (a) 2.

NR 423.03(2)(f)3. 3. Located outside of Kenosha, Kewaunee, Manitowoc, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Sheboygan, Washington, and Waukesha counties is exempt from the requirements of sub. (6) (a) 8. and 9.

NR 423.03(2)(f)4. 4. Located inside Kenosha, Kewaunee, Manitowoc, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Sheboygan, Washington, or Waukesha county and which has an open area smaller than 2.0 square meters (21.6 square feet), and whose emissions of VOCs are not more than 6.8 kilograms (15 pounds) in any one day, is exempt from the requirements of sub. (6) (a) 2.

NR 423.03(2)(g) (g) An individual wipe cleaning operation which is:

NR 423.03(2)(g)1. 1. Located outside of Kenosha, Kewaunee, Manitowoc, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Sheboygan, Washington, and Waukesha counties is exempt from the requirements of this section.

NR 423.03(2)(g)2. 2. Located inside Kenosha, Kewaunee, Manitowoc, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Sheboygan, Washington, or Waukesha county and whose emissions of VOCs are not more than 6.8 kilograms (15 pounds) in any one day is exempt from the requirements of sub. (7) (d).

NR 423.03(2)(h) (h) This section does not apply to solvent metal cleaning operations using only cleaning solvents that have a VOC content of 2.0% or less by volume.

NR 423.03(2)(i) (i) This section does not apply to any individual cold cleaning, batch vapor degreasing or conveyorized degreasing operation that is subject to ch. NR 469.

NR 423.03(3) (3) Cold cleaners. Except as provided under sub. (2) (a), (b), (c), (h) and (i), the owner or operator of a cold cleaning facility shall do all of the following:

NR 423.03(3)(a) (a) Equip the cleaner with a cover.

NR 423.03(3)(b) (b) Design the cover so that it can be easily operated with one hand if any of the following applies:

NR 423.03(3)(b)1. 1. The solvent volatility is greater than 2 kPa (0.3 psia) measured at 38°C (100°F).

NR 423.03(3)(b)2. 2. The solvent is agitated.

NR 423.03(3)(b)3. 3. The solvent is heated.

NR 423.03(3)(c) (c) Equip the cleaner with a facility for draining cleaned parts, and the drainage facility shall be constructed internally so that parts are enclosed under the cover while draining if the solvent volatility is greater than 4.3 kPa (0.6 psia) measured at 38ºC (100°F), except that the drainage facility may be external for applications where an internal type cannot fit into the cleaning system.

NR 423.03(3)(d) (d) Install one of the following control devices if the solvent volatility is greater than 4.3 kPa (0.6 psia) measured at 38°C (100°F), or if the solvent is heated above 49°C (120°F):

NR 423.03(3)(d)1. 1. Freeboard that gives a freeboard ratio greater than or equal to 0.70.

NR 423.03(3)(d)2. 2. Water cover (solvent must be insoluble in and heavier than water).

NR 423.03(3)(d)3. 3. Other systems of equivalent control, such as refrigerated chiller or carbon adsorption, approved by the department.

NR 423.03(3)(e) (e) If used, supply a solvent spray that is a solid fluid stream (not a fine, atomized or shower type spray) at a pressure which does not cause extensive splashing.

NR 423.03(3)(f) (f) Provide a permanent, conspicuous label, summarizing the operating requirements.

NR 423.03(3)(g) (g) Provide supervision or instruction adequate to ensure that the operation is conducted in accord with all of the following:

NR 423.03(3)(g)1. 1. Close the cover whenever parts are not being handled in the cleaner.

NR 423.03(3)(g)2. 2. Drain the cleaned parts for at least 15 seconds or until dripping ceases.

NR 423.03(3)(g)3. 3. Store waste solvent only in covered containers and not dispose of waste solvent or transfer it to another person in such a way as to cause greater than 15% of the waste solvent, by weight, to evaporate into the ambient air during the ozone season, s. NR 419.04 notwithstanding.

NR 423.03(3)(g)4. 4. Repair solvent leaks immediately, or shut down the degreaser until the leaks are repaired.

NR 423.03(3)(h) (h) Design the cover so that it is either a roll-top cover, a canvas curtain cover, a guillotine (biparting) cover, or any other type of cover that slides off the degreaser in a horizontal motion and is designed such that it can be opened or closed without disturbing the vapor layer or the solvent surface if any of the following applies:

NR 423.03(3)(h)1. 1. The solvent volatility is greater than 2 kPa (0.3 psia) measured at 38°C (100°F).

NR 423.03(3)(h)2. 2. The solvent is agitated.

NR 423.03(3)(h)3. 3. The solvent is heated.

NR 423.03(3)(i) (i) If freeboard is chosen as a control device under par. (d), design or modify the freeboard to give a freeboard ratio greater than or equal to 1.0.

NR 423.03(3)(j) (j) If a system of equivalent control is chosen under par. (d) 3., the level of control shall be equivalent to that achieved under a freeboard ratio of 1.0.

NR 423.03(4) (4) Open top vapor degreasers. Except as provided under sub. (2) (a), (b), (d), (h), and (i), the owner or operator of an open top vapor degreaser shall do all of the following:

NR 423.03(4)(a) (a) Equip the vapor degreaser with a cover that can be opened and closed easily without disturbing the vapor zone.

NR 423.03(4)(b) (b) Provide the following safety switches:

NR 423.03(4)(b)1. 1. A condenser flow switch or other switching system which shuts off the sump heat if the condenser coolant is either not circulating or too warm.

NR 423.03(4)(b)2. 2. A thermostatically activated control switch which shuts off the sump heat when the vapor level rises above the upper boundary of the normal range.

NR 423.03(4)(b)3. 3. A spray safety switch which shuts off the spray pump if the vapor level does not stay within the normal range.

NR 423.03(4)(c) (c) Install and use one of the following control devices:

NR 423.03(4)(c)1. 1. Except when par. (o) applies, a freeboard ratio equal to or greater than 0.75 for all degreasers, with a powered or mechanically assisted cover for any degreaser with an opening which is greater than 1.0 square meter (10.8 square feet).

NR 423.03(4)(c)2. 2. Refrigerated freeboard chiller.

NR 423.03(4)(c)3. 3. Enclosed design (cover or door opens only when the dry part is actually entering or exiting the degreaser).

NR 423.03(4)(c)4. 4. Ventilation greater than or equal to 15 cubic meters per minute per square meter (50 cubic feet per minute per square foot) of air-vapor area (when cover is open), all passing through a carbon adsorption system which exhausts less than 25 parts per million of solvent averaged over one complete adsorption cycle.

NR 423.03(4)(c)5. 5. A control system demonstrated to have control efficiency equivalent to or greater than any of subds. 1. to 4. and approved by the department.

NR 423.03(4)(d) (d) Position any ventilation fans so that they do not disturb the degreaser’s vapor zone, and limit exhaust ventilation to 20 cubic meters per minute per square meter (65 cubic feet per minute per square foot) of degreaser open area during the ozone season, unless a higher exhaust rate is necessary to meet OSHA requirements.

NR 423.03(4)(e) (e) Keep the cover closed at all times except when processing workloads through the degreaser.

NR 423.03(4)(f) (f) Always spray below the vapor level.

NR 423.03(4)(g) (g) Minimize solvent carryout by doing all of the following:

NR 423.03(4)(g)1. 1. Racking parts to allow complete drainage.

NR 423.03(4)(g)2. 2. Moving parts in and out of the degreaser at less than 3.3 meters per minute (11 feet per minute).

NR 423.03(4)(g)3. 3. Holding the parts in the vapor zone at least 30 seconds or until condensation ceases.

NR 423.03(4)(g)4. 4. Tipping out any pools of solvent on the cleaned parts before removal from the vapor zone.

NR 423.03(4)(g)5. 5. Allowing parts to dry within the degreaser for at least 15 seconds or until visually dry.

NR 423.03(4)(h) (h) Prevent porous or absorbent materials, such as cloth, leather, wood, or rope, from entering the degreaser.

NR 423.03(4)(i) (i) Move parts in and out of the degreaser at less than 1.5 meters per minute (4.9 feet per minute) if the workload occupies more than 50% of the degreaser’s open top area.

NR 423.03(4)(j) (j) Except where a load cannot be divided, avoid loading the degreaser to the point where the vapor level would drop more than 10 centimeters (4 inches) when the workload is placed in the vapor zone.

NR 423.03(4)(k) (k) Operate the degreaser in a manner that prevents water from being visually detectable in solvent exiting the water separator.

NR 423.03(4)(L) (L) Follow the requirements of sub. (3) (g) 3. and 4.

NR 423.03(4)(m) (m) Provide a permanent, conspicuous label, summarizing the operating procedures of pars. (e) to (i), and (q) if applicable, and provide supervision or instruction adequate to ensure that the procedures are followed.