NR 405.02(7)
(7) “Best available control technology" or “BACT" means an emissions limitation, including a visible emissions standard, based on the maximum degree of reduction for each air contaminant subject to regulation under the Act which would be emitted from any proposed major stationary source or major modification which the department, on a case-by-case basis, taking into account energy, environmental, and economic impacts, and other costs, determines is achievable for such source or modification through application of production processes or available methods, systems, and techniques, including clean fuels, fuel cleaning or treatment or innovative fuel combination techniques for control of the air contaminant. In no event may application of best available control technology result in emissions of any air contaminant which would exceed the emissions allowed by any applicable standard under
chs. NR 440 and
445 to
449 and under sections 111 and 112 of the Act (
42 USC 7411 and
7412). Emissions from any source utilizing clean fuels or any other means to comply with this subsection may not be allowed to increase above the levels that would have been required under this subsection as it existed prior to enactment of the 1990 clean air Act amendments on November 15, 1990. If the department determines that technological or economic limitations on the application of measurement methodology to a particular emissions unit would make the imposition of an emissions standard infeasible, a design, equipment, work practice, operational standard or combination thereof, may be prescribed instead to satisfy the requirement for the application of best available control technology. The standard shall, to the degree possible, set forth the emissions reduction achievable by implementation of such design, equipment, work practice or operation, and shall provide for compliance by means which achieve equivalent results.
NR 405.02(8)
(8) “Building, structure, facility or installation" or “facility, building, structure, equipment, vehicle or action" means all of the activities which emit or may emit a regulated NSR air contaminant, belong to the same industrial grouping, are located on one or more contiguous or adjacent properties, and are under the control of the same person, or persons under common control, except the activities of any vessel. Regulated NSR air contaminant emitting activities shall be considered as part of the same industrial grouping if they are classified under the same 2-digit major group as described in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 484.05.
NR 405.02(8m)
(8m) “Clean coal technology" means any technology, including technologies applied at the precombustion, combustion, or post combustion stage, at a new or existing facility which will achieve significant reductions in air emissions of sulfur dioxide or oxides of nitrogen associated with the utilization of coal in the generation of electricity, or process steam, which was not in widespread use as of November 15, 1990.
NR 405.02(8s)
(8s) “Clean coal technology demonstration project" means a project using funds appropriated under the heading `Department of Energy-Clean Coal Technology', up to a total amount of $2,500,000,000 for commercial demonstration of clean coal technology, or similar projects funded through appropriations for the U.S. environmental protection agency. The federal contribution for a qualifying project shall be at least 20% of the total cost of the demonstration project.
NR 405.02(9)
(9) “Commence" as applied to construction of a major stationary source or major modification means that the owner or operator has all necessary preconstruction approvals or permits and has done one of the following:
NR 405.02(9)(a)
(a) Begun, or caused to begin, a continuous program of actual on-site construction of the source, to be completed within a reasonable time.
NR 405.02(9)(b)
(b) Entered into binding agreements or contractual obligations, which cannot be canceled or modified without substantial loss to the owner or operator, to undertake a program of actual construction of the source to be completed within a reasonable time.
NR 405.02(10)
(10) “Complete" means, in reference to an application for a permit, that the application contains all the information necessary for processing the application. Designating an application complete for purposes of permit processing does not preclude the department from requesting or accepting any additional information.
NR 405.02(11)
(11) “Construction" means any physical change or change in the method of operation, including fabrication, erection, installation, demolition, or modification of an emissions unit, which would result in a change in emissions.
NR 405.02(11c)
(11c) “Continuous emissions monitoring system" or “CEMS" means all of the equipment that may be required to meet the data acquisition and availability requirements of this chapter, to sample, condition if applicable, analyze and provide a record of emissions on a continuous basis.
NR 405.02(11e)
(11e) “Continuous emissions rate monitoring system" or “CERMS" means the total equipment required for the determination and recording of the air contaminant mass emissions rate in terms of mass per unit of time.
NR 405.02(11j)
(11j) “Continuous parameter monitoring system" or “CPMS" means all of the equipment necessary to meet the data acquisition and data availability requirements of this chapter to monitor process and control device operational parameters, and to record average operational parameter values on a continuous basis.
NR 405.02 Note
Note: Process and control device operational parameters include secondary voltages and electric currents, and other information, such as gas flow rate, O2 or CO2 concentrations.
NR 405.02(11m)
(11m) “Electric utility steam generating unit" means any steam electric generating unit that is constructed for the purpose of supplying more than one-third of its potential electric output capacity and more than 25 MW electrical output to any utility power distribution system for sale. Any steam supplied to a steam distribution system for the purpose of providing steam to a steam-electric generator that would produce electrical energy for sale is also considered in determining the electrical energy output capacity of the affected facility.
NR 405.02(12)
(12) “Emissions unit" means any part of a stationary source which emits or would have the potential to emit any regulated NSR air contaminant and includes an electric utility steam generating unit. For purposes of this chapter, there are 2 types of emissions units described as follows:
NR 405.02(12)(a)
(a) A new emissions unit is any emissions unit which is or will be newly constructed and which has existed for less than 2 years from the date the emissions unit first operated.
NR 405.02(12)(b)
(b) An existing emissions unit is any emissions unit that does not meet the requirements in
par. (a). Notwithstanding
par. (a), a replacement unit, as defined in
sub. (25k), is an existing emissions unit.
NR 405.02(13)
(13) “Federal land manager" means, with respect to any lands in the United States, the secretary of the department with authority over such lands.
NR 405.02(15)
(15) “Fugitive emissions" means those emissions which could not reasonably pass through a stack, chimney, vent, or other functionally equivalent opening.
NR 405.02(16)
(16) “High terrain" means any area having an elevation 900 feet or more above the base of the stack of a source.
NR 405.02(17)
(17) “Indian governing body" means the governing body of any tribe, band, or group of Indians subject to the jurisdiction of the United States and recognized by the United States as possessing power of self-government.
NR 405.02(18)
(18) “Indian reservation" means any federally recognized reservation established by treaty, agreement, executive order, or act of congress.
NR 405.02(19)
(19) “Innovative control technology" means any system of air pollution control that has not been adequately demonstrated in practice, but would have a substantial likelihood of achieving greater continuous emissions reduction than any control system in current practice or of achieving at least comparable reductions at lower cost in terms of energy, economics, or nonair quality environmental impacts.
NR 405.02(20)
(20) “Low terrain" means any area other than high terrain.
NR 405.02(21)
(21) “Major modification" means any physical change in or change in the method of operation of a major stationary source that would result in a significant emissions increase of a regulated NSR air contaminant and a significant net emissions increase of that air contaminant from the major stationary source.
NR 405.02(21)(a)
(a) Any significant emissions increase from any emissions units or net emissions increase at a major stationary source that is significant for volatile organic compounds or nitrogen oxides shall be considered significant for ozone.
NR 405.02(21)(b)
(b) A physical change or change in the method of operation does not include any of the following:
NR 405.02(21)(b)2.
2. Use of an alternative fuel or raw material by reason of any order under sections 2 (a) and (b) of the Federal Energy Supply and Environmental Coordination Act of 1974 (
15 USC 791 to
798) or by reason of a natural gas curtailment plan pursuant to the Federal Power Act (
16 USC 791a to
828c).
NR 405.02(21)(b)4.
4. Use of an alternative fuel at a steam generating unit to the extent that the fuel is generated from municipal solid waste.
NR 405.02(21)(b)5.
5. Use of an alternative fuel or raw material by a stationary source when one of the following applies:
NR 405.02(21)(b)5.a.
a. The source was capable of accommodating the alternative fuel or raw material before January 6, 1975, unless the change would be prohibited under any federally enforceable permit condition which was established after January 6, 1975 pursuant to this chapter or
ch. NR 406 or
408 or under an operation permit issued pursuant to
ch. NR 407, or pursuant to a permit issued under
40 CFR Part 51 Appendix S,
40 CFR 52.21, or regulations approved pursuant to
40 CFR Part 51 subpart I.
NR 405.02(21)(b)6.
6. An increase in the hours of operation or in the production rate, unless the change would be prohibited under any federally enforceable permit condition which was established after January 6, 1975 pursuant to this chapter,
ch. NR 406, or
408 or under an operation permit issued pursuant to
ch. NR 407, or pursuant to a permit issued under
40 CFR Part 51 Appendix S,
40 CFR Part 52.21, or regulations approved pursuant to
40 CFR Part 51 subpart I.
NR 405.02(21)(b)8.
8. The installation, operation, cessation of operation or removal of a temporary clean coal technology demonstration project, provided that the project complies with both of the following:
NR 405.02(21)(b)8.b.
b. Other requirements necessary to attain and maintain the national ambient air quality standards during the project and after it is terminated.
NR 405.02(21)(b)9.
9. The installation or operation of a permanent clean coal technology demonstration project that constitutes repowering, provided that the project does not result in an increase in the potential to emit of any regulated air contaminant emitted by the unit. This exemption shall apply on a pollutant-by-pollutant basis.
NR 405.02(21)(b)10.
10. The reactivation of a very clean coal-fired electric utility steam generating unit.
NR 405.02(21)(c)
(c) This definition does not apply with respect to a particular regulated NSR air contaminant when the major stationary source is complying with the requirements under
s. NR 405.18 for a PAL for that air contaminant. Instead, the definition at
s. NR 405.18 (2) (e) shall apply.
NR 405.02(22)(a)1.
1. Any of the following stationary sources of air contaminants which emits, or has the potential to emit, 100 tons per year or more of any air contaminant subject to regulation under the Act: Fossil fuel fired steam electric plants of more than 250 million British thermal units per hour heat input, coal cleaning plants (with thermal dryers), kraft pulp mills, portland cement plants, primary zinc smelters, iron and steel mill plants, primary aluminum ore reduction plants, primary copper smelters, municipal incinerators capable of charging more than 250 tons of refuse per day, hydrofluoric, sulfuric, and nitric acid plants, petroleum refineries, lime plants, phosphate rock processing plants, coke oven batteries, sulfur recovery plants, carbon black plants (furnace process), primary lead smelters, fuel conversion plants, sintering plants, secondary metal production plants, chemical process plants (which does not include ethanol production facilities that produce ethanol by natural fermentation, as described by the 6-digit code of 312140 or 325193 in the North American Industry Classification System United States, 2007, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 484.05 (17)), fossil fuel boilers (or combinations thereof) totaling more than 250 million British thermal units per hour heat input, petroleum storage and transfer units with a total storage capacity exceeding 300,000 barrels, taconite ore processing plants, glass fiber processing plants, and charcoal production plants.
NR 405.02(22)(a)2.
2. Notwithstanding the stationary source size specified in
subd. 1., any stationary source which emits, or has the potential to emit, 250 tons per year or more of any air contaminant subject to regulation under the act.
NR 405.02(22)(a)3.
3. Any physical change that would occur at a stationary source not otherwise qualifying under this subsection as a major stationary source, if the change would constitute a major stationary source by itself.
NR 405.02(22)(b)
(b) A major source that is major for volatile organic compounds or nitrogen oxides shall be considered major for ozone.
NR 405.02(22)(d)
(d) Mobile source emissions indirectly caused by a source which attracts mobile source activity may not be considered in determining whether the source is a major stationary source for the purposes of this chapter.
NR 405.02(22m)(a)(a) “Minor source baseline date" means the earliest date after the trigger date on which the owner or operator of a major stationary source or a major modification subject to
40 CFR 52.21 or to regulations approved pursuant to
40 CFR 51.166 submits a complete application under the relevant regulations. The trigger date is:
NR 405.02(22m)(b)
(b) The minor source baseline date is established for each air contaminant for which increments or other equivalent measures have been established if:
NR 405.02(22m)(b)1.
1. The area in which the proposed source or modification would construct is designated as attainment or unclassifiable under section 107 (d) (1) (A) (ii) or (iii) of the Act (
42 USC 7407(d)(1) (A)(ii) or (iii)) for the air contaminant on the date of its complete application under
40 CFR 52.21 or under regulations approved pursuant to
40 CFR 51.166.
NR 405.02(22m)(b)2.
2. In the case of a major stationary source, the air contaminant would be emitted in significant amounts or, in the case of a major modification, there would be a significant net emissions increase of the air contaminant.
NR 405.02(23)
(23) “Necessary preconstruction approvals or permits" means those permits or approvals required under
chs. NR 400 to
499.
NR 405.02(24)(a)(a) “Net emissions increase" means, with respect to any regulated NSR air contaminant emitted by a major stationary source, the amount by which the difference between the sum of emission increases and the sum of emission decreases of the following exceeds zero:
NR 405.02(24)(a)1.
1. The increase in emissions from a particular physical change or change in the method of operation at a stationary source as calculated pursuant to the methods contained in
s. NR 405.025.
NR 405.02(24)(a)2.
2. Any other increases and decreases in actual emissions at the major stationary source that are contemporaneous with the particular change and are otherwise creditable. Baseline actual emissions for calculating increases and decreases under this subdivision shall be determined as provided in
sub. (2m), except that
sub. (2m) (a) 3. and
(b) 4. do not apply.
NR 405.02(24)(b)
(b) An increase or decrease in actual emissions is contemporaneous with the increase from the particular change only if it occurs between the following:
NR 405.02(24)(b)1.
1. The date 5 years before construction on the particular change commences.
NR 405.02(24)(c)
(c) An increase or decrease in actual emissions is creditable only if all of the following are satisfied:
NR 405.02(24)(c)2.
2. The department has not relied on it in issuing a permit for the source under this chapter and the permit is in effect when the increase in actual emissions from the particular change occurs.
NR 405.02(24)(d)
(d) An increase or decrease in actual emissions of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides or particulate matter measured as PM
10 which occurs before the applicable minor source baseline date is creditable only if it is required to be considered in calculating the amount of maximum allowable increases remaining available.
NR 405.02(24)(e)
(e) An increase in actual emissions is creditable only to the extent that the new level of actual emissions exceeds the old level.
NR 405.02(24)(f)
(f) A decrease in actual emissions is creditable only to the extent that all of the following are satisfied:
NR 405.02(24)(f)1.
1. The old level of actual emissions or the old level of allowable emissions, whichever is lower, exceeds the new level of actual emissions.
NR 405.02(24)(f)2.
2. It is enforceable as a practical matter at and after the time that actual construction on the particular change begins.
NR 405.02(24)(f)3.
3. It has approximately the same qualitative significance for public health and welfare as that attributed to the increase from the particular change.
NR 405.02(24)(g)
(g) An increase that results from a physical change at a source occurs when the emissions unit on which construction occurred becomes operational and begins to emit an air contaminant. Any replacement unit that requires shakedown becomes operational only after a reasonable shakedown period, not to exceed 180 days.
NR 405.02(24j)
(24j) “Plant-wide applicability limitation" or “PAL" means an emission limitation expressed in tons per year, for a regulated NSR air contaminant at a major stationary source, that is enforceable as a practical matter and established source-wide in accordance with
s. NR 405.18.
NR 405.02(25)
(25) “Potential to emit" means the maximum capacity of a stationary source to emit an air contaminant under its physical and operational design. Any physical or operational limitation on the capacity of the source to emit an air contaminant, including air pollution control equipment and restrictions on hours of operation or on the type or amount of material combusted, stored, or processed, shall be treated as part of its design if the limitation or the effect it would have on emissions is federally enforceable. Secondary emissions do not count in determining the potential to emit of a stationary source.
NR 405.02(25b)
(25b) “Predictive emissions monitoring system" or “PEMS" means all of the equipment necessary to monitor process and control device operational parameters and to calculate and record the mass emissions rate on a continuous basis.
NR 405.02 Note
Note: Process and control device operational parameters include secondary voltages and electric currents, and other information, such as gas flow rate, O2 or CO2 concentrations.
NR 405.02(25d)
(25d) “Prevention of significant deterioration program" or “PSD program" means a major source preconstruction permit program that has been approved by the administrator and incorporated into the state implementation plan to implement the requirements of
40 CFR 51.166. Any permit issued under a PSD program is a major NSR permit.
NR 405.02(25e)
(25e) “Project" means a physical change in, or change in method of operation of, an existing major stationary source.
