NR 284.03(8)
(8) “Dissolving kraft subcategory” includes those mills at which a highly bleached pulp is produced by a full cook process employing a highly alkaline sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide cooking liquor. Included in the manufacturing process is a precook operation termed prehydrolysis.
NR 284.03 Note
Note: The principal product at these mills is a highly bleached and purified dissolving pulp used principally for manufacture of rayon and other products requiring the virtual absence of lignin and a very high alpha cellulose content.
NR 284.03(9)
(9) “Dissolving sulfite pulp subcategory” includes those mills at which a highly bleached pulp is produced in a full cook process employing strong solutions of sulfites of calcium, magnesium, ammonia or sodium.
NR 284.03 Note
Note: Principal products include viscose, nitration, cellophane or acetate grade pulps which are used principally for the manufacture of rayon and other products that require the virtual absence of lignin.
NR 284.03(10)
(10) “Fine bleached kraft subcategory” includes those mills at which bleached kraft pulp is produced in a full cook process employing a highly alkaline sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide cooking liquor.
NR 284.03 Note
Note: Principal products are fine papers, which includes business, writing and printing papers, and market pulp.
NR 284.03(11)
(11) “Full cook” means chemical pulping methods which employ the heating under pressure of wood, water and chemicals in a closed vessel to a temperature sufficient to separate the fibrous portion of the wood by dissolving lignin and other nonfibrous constituents.
NR 284.03(13)
(13) “Groundwood-chemi-mechanical subcategory” includes those mills at which pulp is produced, with or without brightening, utilizing a chemical cooking liquor to partially cook the wood followed by mechanical defribration by refining, resulting in yields of 90% or greater.
NR 284.03 Note
Note: Principal products include fine papers, newsprint, molded fiber products and market pulp.
NR 284.03(14)
(14) “Groundwood-CMN papers subcategory” includes those mills at which groundwood pulp is produced, with or without brightening, utilizing only mechanical defribration by either stone grinders or refiners.
NR 284.03 Note
Note: Principal products include coarse papers (C), molded fiber products (M), newsprint (N) and market pulp.
NR 284.03(15)
(15) “Groundwood-fine papers subcategory” includes those mills at which groundwood pulp is produced, with or without brightening, utilizing only mechanical defribration by either stone grinders or refiners.
NR 284.03 Note
Note: Principal products are fine papers, which includes business, writing and printing papers, and market pulp.
NR 284.03(16)
(16) “Groundwood-thermo-mechanical subcategory” includes those mills at which pulp is produced in a brief cook process employing steam, with or without the addition of cooking chemicals, such as sodium sulfite, followed by mechanical defribration by refiners, which are frequently under pressure, resulting in yields of approximately 95% or greater. The pulp may be brightened using hydrosulfite or peroxide bleaching chemicals. Principal products include market pulp, fine papers, newsprint and tissue papers.
NR 284.03(17)
(17) “Integrated” means a term used to describe a pulp and paper mill operation in which all or some of the pulp is processed into paper at the mill.
NR 284.03(18)
(18) “Market bleached kraft subcategory” includes those mills at which bleached pulp is produced in a full cook process employing a highly alkaline sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide cooking liquor.
NR 284.03 Note
Note: The principal product is papergrade market pulp.
NR 284.03(19)
(19) “New source” for direct dischargers means any point source the construction of which commenced after January 3, 1983; and for indirect dischargers means any building, structure, facility, or installation from which there is or may be a discharge of pollutants, the construction of which commenced after January 6, 1981.
NR 284.03(20)
(20) “Noncontinuous discharger” means a point source which discharges wastewaters pursuant to a WPDES permit which:
NR 284.03(20)(a)
(a) Prohibits the discharge of pollutants during specified periods of time in excess of 24 hours in duration for purposes other than control of treatment plant upsets, and
NR 284.03(20)(b)
(b) Specifies that annual average limitations are applicable to such a discharge.
NR 284.03(21)
(21) “Noncorrugating medium furnish subdivision” includes those mills in the paperboard from wastepaper subcategory where recycled corrugating medium is not used in the production of paperboard.
NR 284.03(22)
(22) “Nonintegrated-filter and nonwoven papers subcategory” includes those mills at which filter papers and nonwoven items are produced from wood pulp, secondary fibers and nonwood fibers which are prepared at other sites.
NR 284.03 Note
Note: Principal products include filter and blotting papers, nonwoven packaging and specialty papers, insulation, technical papers and gaskets.
NR 284.03(23)
(23) “Nonintegrated-fine papers subcategory” includes those mills at which fine papers are produced from wood pulp or deinked pulp prepared at other sites.
NR 284.03 Note
Note: Principal products include printing, business, writing and technical papers.
NR 284.03(24)
(24) “Nonintegrated-lightweight papers subcategory” includes those mills at which lightweight or thin papers are produced from wood pulp or secondary fibers prepared at other sites and from nonwood fibers and additives.
NR 284.03 Note
Note: Principal products include uncoated thin papers, such as carbonizing papers and cigarette papers, and some special grades of tissue such as capacitor, pattern, and interleaf.
NR 284.03(25)
(25) “Nonintegrated-paperboard subcategory” includes those mills at which paperboard is produced from wood pulp or secondary fibers prepared at other sites. Mills at which electrical grades of board or matrix board are produced are not included in this subcategory.
NR 284.03 Note
Note: Principal products include linerboard, folding boxboard, milk cartons, food board, chip board, pressboard, and other specialty boards.
NR 284.03(26)
(26) “Nonintegrated-tissue papers subcategory” includes those mills at which tissue papers are produced from wood pulp or deinked pulp prepared at other sites.
NR 284.03 Note
Note: Principal products include facial and toilet papers, glassine, paper diapers and paper towels.
NR 284.03(27)
(27) “Paperboard from wastepaper subcategory” includes those mills at which paperboard products are manufactured, without bleaching, from wastepapers including corrugated boxes, box board and newspapers. Those mills at which wastepaper comprises less than 80% of the raw material fibers are not included in this subcategory.
NR 284.03 Note
Note: Principal products include a wide variety of items used in commercial packaging, such as bottle cartons.
NR 284.03(28)
(28) “Papergrade sulfite (blow pit wash) subcategory” includes those mills at which sulfite pulp is produced in full cook process employing an acidic cooking liquor of sulfites of calcium, magnesium, ammonia or sodium. Following cooking operations, spent cooking liquor is washed from the pulp in blow pits.
NR 284.03 Note
Note: Principal products include tissue papers, newspapers, fine papers and market pulp.
NR 284.03(29)
(29) “Papergrade sulfite (drum wash) subcategory” includes those mills at which sulfite pulp is produced in a full cook process using an acidic cooking liquor of sulfites of calcium, magnesium, ammonia or sodium. Following cooking operations, spent cooking liquor is washed from the pulp on vacuum or pressure drums. Also included are mills using belt extraction systems for pulp washing.
NR 284.03 Note
Note: Principal products include tissue papers, fine papers, newsprint and market pulp.
NR 284.03(31)
(31) “Production” means the annual off-the-machine production, including off-the-machine coating where applicable, divided by the number of operating days during that year.
NR 284.03(32)
(32) “Semi-chemical subcategory” includes those mills at which pulp is produced using a process that involves the cooking of wood chips under pressure with a variety of cooking liquors including neutral sulfite and combinations of soda ash and caustic soda. The cooked chips are usually refined before being converted into board or similar products. Sodium base neutral sulfite semi-chemical and ammonia base neutral sulfite semi-chemical mills are included in this subcategory for BPT and NSPS.
NR 284.03 Note
Note: Principal products include corrugating medium, insulating board, partition board, chip board, tube stock, and speciality boards.
NR 284.03(33)
(33) “Settleable solids” means the amount of settleable matter present in an effluent sample as determined by the test described in “Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater,” 15th edition (1980).
NR 284.03 Note
Note: Copies are available for inspection at the office of the department of natural resources, the secretary of state's office, and the office of the legislative reference bureau, and may be obtained for personal use from the American Public Health Association, Inc., 1015 Fifteenth St., NW, Washington, D.C. 20005.
NR 284.03(34)
(34) “Soda subcategory” includes those mills at which bleached soda pulp is produced in full cook process employing a highly alkaline sodium hydroxide cooking liquor.
NR 284.03 Note
Note: Principal products are fine papers, which include printing, writing and business papers and market pulp.
NR 284.03(36)
(36) “Tissue from wastepaper subcategory” includes those mills at which tissue papers are produced from wastepapers without deinking.
NR 284.03 Note
Note: Principal products include facial and toilet paper, glassine, paper diapers and paper towels.
NR 284.03(37)
(37) “TSS” means total suspended nonfilterable solids as measured by the technique using glass fiber disks specified in “Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater,” 15th edition (1980).
NR 284.03 Note
Note: Copies are available as set forth in sub. (33) (Note).
NR 284.03(38)
(38) “Unbleached kraft subcategory” includes those mills at which unbleached pulp is produced in a full cook process employing a highly alkaline sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide cooking liquor.
NR 284.03 Note
Note: Principal products include linerboard, the smooth facing of corrugated boxes; and bag papers.
NR 284.03(39)
(39) “Unbleached kraft and semi-chemical subcategory” includes those mills at which unbleached pulp is produced using 2 pulping processes: unbleached kraft and semi-chemical, where semi-chemical cooking liquor is burned within the kraft chemical recovery system. Unbleached kraft-neutral sulfite semi-chemical mills are included in this subcategory.
NR 284.03 Note
Note: Principal products include both linerboard and corrugating medium used in the production of corrugated boxes.
NR 284.03(40)
(40) “Unbleached kraft-neutral sulfite semi-chemical (cross-recovery) subcategory” includes those mills at which unbleached pulp is produced using both unbleached kraft and neutral sulfite semi-chemical, where the spent neutral sulfite semi-chemical cooking liquor is burned within the kraft chemical recovery system.
NR 284.03 Note
Note: Principal products include both linerboard and corrugating medium used in the production of corrugated boxes.
NR 284.03(41)
(41) “Wastepaper-molded products subcategory” includes those mills at which molded products are produced from wastepapers without deinking.
NR 284.03 Note
Note: Principal products include molded items such as fruit and vegetable packs and similar throw-away containers and display items.
NR 284.03(42)
(42) “Wet barking operations” include hydraulic barking operations and wet drum barking operations which are those drum barking operations that use substantial quantities of water in either water sprays in the barking drums or in a partial submersion of the drums in a tub of water.
NR 284.03(43)
(43) “Wood fiber furnish subdivision” includes those mills in the nonintegrated-fine papers subcategory where cotton fibers are not used in the production of fine papers.
NR 284.03 History
History: Cr.
Register, October, 1986, No. 370, eff. 11-1-86.
NR 284.04
NR 284.04
Application of effluent limitations and standards. NR 284.04(1)(1) The production basis for application of the limitations and standards set forth in this chapter shall be the annual production divided by the number of operating days in the year for each subcategory subject to the provisions of this chapter, except for those limitations set forth in Tables 1 and 3 for which only the proportion of the mill's production subject to the activities listed in Tables 1 and 3, or due to use of logs or chips subject to the activities listed in Tables 1 and 3, shall be subject to the limitations set forth in Tables 1 and 3.
NR 284.04(2)
(2) For facilities subject to effluent limitations in more than one subcategory, the discharge limitations shall be the aggregate of limitations applicable to the total production covered by each subcategory.
NR 284.04(3)
(3) Only noncontinuous dischargers shall be subject to annual average limitations. When annual average limitations are applied, the department shall establish daily maximum and monthly average concentration limitations for BOD
5, TSS, and zinc reflecting wastewater treatment levels representative of best practicable control technology currently available in lieu of the monthly average and daily maximum limitations set forth in Table 1.
NR 284.04 History
History: Cr.
Register, October, 1986, No. 370, eff. 11-1-86.
NR 284.10
NR 284.10
Applicability. The provisions in this subchapter are applicable to discharges of wastewater from the pulp and paper manufacturing category of point sources into waters of the state.
NR 284.10 History
History: Cr.
Register, October, 1986, No. 370, eff. 11-1-86.
NR 284.11
NR 284.11
Compliance dates. Discharge of pollutants from facilities subject to the provisions of this subchapter may not exceed, as appropriate:
NR 284.11(1)
(1) By July 1, 1977 effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available (BPT);
NR 284.11(2)
(2) By July 1, 1984 effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT);
NR 284.11(3)
(3) At the commencement of discharge for new source performance standards (NSPS).
NR 284.11 History
History: Cr.
Register, October, 1986, No. 370, eff. 11-1-86.
NR 284.115
NR 284.115
Measure of production. Paper or paperboard production shall be measured at the paper machine takeup reel in off-the-machine moisture content, except for the semi-chemical, unbleached kraft, unbleached kraft-neutral sulfite semi-chemical (cross recovery), and paperboard from wastepaper subcategories where paper and paperboard production shall be measured in air-dry-tons (10% moisture content). Market pulp shall be measured in air-dry-tons (10% moisture). Production shall be determined based on past production practices, present trends or committed growth.
NR 284.115 History
History: Cr.
Register, October, 1986, No. 370, eff. 11-1-86.
NR 284.12(1)
(1)
Best practicable technology. The following effluent limitations establish the quantity or quality of pollutants or pollutant properties which may be discharged by a facility subject to the provisions of this subchapter, after application to process wastes of the best practicable control technology currently available. These limitations for all or specific subcategories shall be applied in accordance with
s. NR 284.04, except as provided in subch.
IV of ch. NR 220.
NR 284.12(1)(a)
(a) The daily maximum and 30-day average limitations for BOD
5, TSS and zinc are set forth in Table 1 in lbs/ton of product.
NR 284.12(1)(b)
(b) Noncontinuous dischargers shall not be subject to the daily maximum and 30-day average limitations for BOD
5, TSS and zinc, but shall be subject to annual average effluent limitations set forth in Table 2.
NR 284.12(1)(c)
(c) The annual average limitations for BOD
5, TSS and zinc are set forth in Table 2 in lbs/ton of product.
NR 284.12(1)(d)
(d) The limitations for wet barking operations, log washing or chip washing, and log flumes or log ponds set forth in Table 1 are in addition to the limitations for the specific base subcategory set forth in that table.
NR 284.12(2)
(2) Best available technology. The following effluent limitations establish the quantity or quality of pollutants or pollutant properties which may be discharged by a facility subject to the provisions of this subchapter, after application to process wastes of the best available technology economically achievable. These limitations for all or specific subcategories shall be applied in accordance with
s. NR 284.04, except as provided in subch.
IV of ch. NR 220.
NR 284.12(2)(a)
(a) The daily maximum limitations for PCP, TCP and zinc are set forth in Table 3 in both lbs/ton and mg/l.
NR 284.12(2)(b)
(b) PCP and TCP limitations are only applicable to facilities where chlorophenolic-containing biocides are used. Permittees not using chlorophenolic-containing biocides shall certify to the department that they are not using these biocides.
NR 284.12(2)(c)
(c) Zinc limitations are only applicable to groundwood facilities where zinc hydrosulfite is used as a bleaching agent. Groundwood facilities not using zinc hydrosulfite as a bleaching agent shall certify to the department that they are not using this bleaching compound.
