Chapter NR 284
PULP AND PAPER MANUFACTURING
NR 284.04 Application of effluent limitations and standards. Subchapter I — Direct Discharges
NR 284.11 Compliance dates. NR 284.115 Measure of production. NR 284.12 Discharge standards. Subchapter II — Indirect Discharges
NR 284.21 Compliance dates. NR 284.215 Measure of production. NR 284.22 Discharge standards. Ch. NR 284 NoteNote: Chapters NR 284 and 285 as they existed on October 31, 1986 were repealed and a new chapter NR 284 was created effective November 1, 1986.
NR 284.01NR 284.01 Purpose. The purpose of this chapter is to establish effluent limitations, standards of performance, and pretreatment standards for discharges of process wastes from the pulp and paper industry category of point sources and subcategories thereof. NR 284.01 HistoryHistory: Cr. Register, October, 1986, No. 370, eff. 11-1-86. NR 284.02NR 284.02 Applicability. The effluent limitations, standards of performance, pretreatment standards, and other provisions in this chapter are applicable to pollutants or pollutant properties in discharges of process waste resulting from activities in any or a combination of any of the following subcategories of the pulp and paper manufacturing point source category as defined in s. NR 284.03: NR 284.02(1)(1) Integrated production of pulp and paper or paperboard by: NR 284.02(1)(m)(m) Unbleached kraft-neutral sulfite semi-chemical (cross-recovery) subcategory. NR 284.02(2)(2) Nonintegrated production of paper or paperboard by: NR 284.02(3)(3) Production of paper or paperboard from wastepaper by: NR 284.02 HistoryHistory: Cr. Register, October, 1986, No. 370, eff. 11-1-86. NR 284.03NR 284.03 Definitions. The following definitions are applicable to terms used in this chapter. Definitions of other terms and meanings of abbreviations are set forth in chs. NR 205 and 211, and the Development Document for Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Standards for the Pulp, Paper and Paperboard and the Builders’ Paper and Board Mills Point Source Categories, EPA 440/1-82/025, October, 1982. NR 284.03 NoteNote: Copies of this document are available for inspection at the office of the department of natural resources, the secretary of state’s office, and the office of the legislative reference bureau, and may be obtained for personal use from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20460.
NR 284.03(1)(1) “Acid sulfite cooking liquor” means sulfite cooking liquor having a pH less than 3.0. NR 284.03(2)(2) “BCT bleached kraft subcategory” includes those mills at which bleached kraft pulp is produced in a full cook process employing a highly alkaline sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide cooking liquor. NR 284.03 NoteNote: Principal products include paperboard (B), coarse papers (C), tissue papers (T) and market pulp.
NR 284.03(3)(3) “Bisulfite cooking liquor” means sulfite cooking liquor having a pH between 3.0 and 6.0. NR 284.03(4)(4) “Builders’ paper and roofing felt subcategory” includes those mills at which heavy papers used in the construction industry are produced from wastepaper, wood flour and sawdust, wood chips, and rags. Neither bleaching nor chemical pulping processes are employed on-site. NR 284.03 NoteNote: Principal products include saturating, deadening, and flooring papers, and roofing felt.
NR 284.03(5)(5) “Corrugating medium furnish subdivision” includes those mills in the paperboard from wastepaper subcategory where only recycled corrugating medium is used in the production of paperboard. NR 284.03(6)(6) “Cotton fiber furnish subdivision” includes those mills in the nonintegrated-fine papers subcategory which produce a paper product containing equal to or greater than 4% cotton fibers. NR 284.03(7)(7) “Deink subcategory” includes those mills at which brightened or bleached deinked pulp is produced from wastepapers using an alkaline process to remove contaminants such as ink and coating pigments. NR 284.03 NoteNote: Principal products include fine papers such as printing, writing and business papers, tissue papers, newsprint and market pulp.
NR 284.03(8)(8) “Dissolving kraft subcategory” includes those mills at which a highly bleached pulp is produced by a full cook process employing a highly alkaline sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide cooking liquor. Included in the manufacturing process is a precook operation termed prehydrolysis. NR 284.03 NoteNote: The principal product at these mills is a highly bleached and purified dissolving pulp used principally for manufacture of rayon and other products requiring the virtual absence of lignin and a very high alpha cellulose content.
NR 284.03(9)(9) “Dissolving sulfite pulp subcategory” includes those mills at which a highly bleached pulp is produced in a full cook process employing strong solutions of sulfites of calcium, magnesium, ammonia or sodium. NR 284.03 NoteNote: Principal products include viscose, nitration, cellophane or acetate grade pulps which are used principally for the manufacture of rayon and other products that require the virtual absence of lignin.
NR 284.03(10)(10) “Fine bleached kraft subcategory” includes those mills at which bleached kraft pulp is produced in a full cook process employing a highly alkaline sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide cooking liquor. NR 284.03 NoteNote: Principal products are fine papers, which includes business, writing and printing papers, and market pulp.
NR 284.03(11)(11) “Full cook” means chemical pulping methods which employ the heating under pressure of wood, water and chemicals in a closed vessel to a temperature sufficient to separate the fibrous portion of the wood by dissolving lignin and other nonfibrous constituents. NR 284.03(13)(13) “Groundwood-chemi-mechanical subcategory” includes those mills at which pulp is produced, with or without brightening, utilizing a chemical cooking liquor to partially cook the wood followed by mechanical defribration by refining, resulting in yields of 90% or greater. NR 284.03 NoteNote: Principal products include fine papers, newsprint, molded fiber products and market pulp.
NR 284.03(14)(14) “Groundwood-CMN papers subcategory” includes those mills at which groundwood pulp is produced, with or without brightening, utilizing only mechanical defribration by either stone grinders or refiners. NR 284.03 NoteNote: Principal products include coarse papers (C), molded fiber products (M), newsprint (N) and market pulp.
NR 284.03(15)(15) “Groundwood-fine papers subcategory” includes those mills at which groundwood pulp is produced, with or without brightening, utilizing only mechanical defribration by either stone grinders or refiners. NR 284.03 NoteNote: Principal products are fine papers, which includes business, writing and printing papers, and market pulp.
NR 284.03(16)(16) “Groundwood-thermo-mechanical subcategory” includes those mills at which pulp is produced in a brief cook process employing steam, with or without the addition of cooking chemicals, such as sodium sulfite, followed by mechanical defribration by refiners, which are frequently under pressure, resulting in yields of approximately 95% or greater. The pulp may be brightened using hydrosulfite or peroxide bleaching chemicals. Principal products include market pulp, fine papers, newsprint and tissue papers. NR 284.03(17)(17) “Integrated” means a term used to describe a pulp and paper mill operation in which all or some of the pulp is processed into paper at the mill. NR 284.03(18)(18) “Market bleached kraft subcategory” includes those mills at which bleached pulp is produced in a full cook process employing a highly alkaline sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide cooking liquor. NR 284.03 NoteNote: The principal product is papergrade market pulp.
NR 284.03(19)(19) “New source” for direct dischargers means any point source the construction of which commenced after January 3, 1983; and for indirect dischargers means any building, structure, facility, or installation from which there is or may be a discharge of pollutants, the construction of which commenced after January 6, 1981. NR 284.03(20)(20) “Noncontinuous discharger” means a point source which discharges wastewaters pursuant to a WPDES permit which:
