NR 106.145
NR 106.145 Mercury regulation. This section provides an alternative means of regulating mercury in WPDES permits through the establishment of alternative mercury effluent limitations and other requirements and is intended as a supplement to the authority and procedures contained in other sections of this chapter. For purposes of this section, an alternative mercury effluent limitation represents a variance to water quality standards specified in chs.
NR 102 to
105.
NR 106.145(1)
(1)
Findings. On November 1, 2002, the department finds all of the following:
NR 106.145(1)(a)
(a) Requiring all dischargers of mercury to remove mercury using wastewater treatment technology to achieve discharge concentrations necessary to meet water quality standards would result in substantial and widespread adverse social and economic impacts.
NR 106.145(1)(b)
(b) Representative data on the relatively low concentrations of mercury in wastewater are difficult to obtain due to specialized sample collection methods required and the precision and sensitivity of laboratory analyses.
NR 106.145(1)(c)
(c) Appropriate mercury source reduction activities are environmentally preferable to wastewater treatment technology in many cases because wastewater treatment for mercury produces a sludge or other resultant wastewater stream that can be as much or more of an environmental liability than the untreated effluent.
NR 106.145(2)
(2)
Determining the necessity for mercury effluent limitations. NR 106.145(2)(a)(a) The department shall determine whether a mercury effluent limitation is necessary using the procedures in s.
NR 106.05.
NR 106.145(2)(bm)
(bm) For the determination under par.
(a), the department shall use representative data that meet the sampling and analysis requirements of subs.
(9) and
(10).
NR 106.145(3)(a)(a) In this paragraph, “major municipal discharge" and “minor municipal discharge" have the meanings specified in s.
NR 200.02 (7) and
(8). If an applicant in any of the categories specified in this subsection does not have sufficient discharge data that meet the criteria of sub.
(2) at the time of application for permit reissuance, the reissued permit shall require the permittee to monitor and report mercury at the following frequency and location:
NR 106.145(3)(a)1.
1. Monthly influent and effluent for a major municipal discharge with an average flow rate greater than or equal to 5 million gallons per day.
NR 106.145(3)(a)2.
2. Once every 3 months influent and effluent for a major municipal discharge with an average flow rate greater than or equal to one million gallons per day but less than 5 million gallons per day.
NR 106.145(3)(a)3.
3. Once every 3 months influent and effluent for a minor municipal discharge if there are 2 or more exceedances in the last 5 years of the high quality sludge mercury concentration of 17 mg/kg specified in s.
NR 204.07 (5).
NR 106.145(3)(a)4.
4. Monthly effluent for an industrial discharge that the department determines is likely to contribute net discharges of mercury to the environment or if sludge or biosolids mercury concentrations indicate a source of mercury.
NR 106.145(3)(a)5.
5. Once every 3 months effluent for an industrial discharge with an average flow rate, excluding noncontact cooling water as defined in s.
NR 205.03 (21), of more than 100,000 gallons per day and the department has no information on mercury concentrations in similar discharges. The department may exempt discharges in this category if the department determines that there is little risk that the effluent will contain mercury.
NR 106.145 Note
Note: Any permittee who believes that a significant portion of the mercury in its effluent originates from its intake of surface water is encouraged to provide results of intake monitoring.
NR 106.145(3)(a)6.
6. The department may reduce monitoring frequency from monthly to once every 3 months for discharges described in subds.
1. and
4. after at least 12 representative results have been generated.
NR 106.145(3)(b)
(b) The department may require mercury monitoring for other discharges not included in one of the categories specified in par.
(a) if the department has a reasonable expectation that the discharge includes significant quantities of mercury.
NR 106.145(3)(c)
(c) Permittees shall collect and analyze samples according to the requirements in subs.
(9) and
(10).
NR 106.145(4)
(4)
Alternative mercury effluent limitation eligibility. NR 106.145(4)(a)(a) When the department makes a determination of the necessity for a water quality based effluent limitation for mercury under sub.
(2), the department shall determine if an alternative mercury effluent limitation is justified based on information submitted by the permittee in an alternative mercury effluent limitation application.
NR 106.145(4)(b)
(b) The department may not establish an alternative mercury effluent limitation for a new discharge to waters in the Great Lakes system, as defined in s.
NR 102.12 (1), unless the proposed discharge is necessary to alleviate an imminent and substantial danger to the public health or welfare. For the purposes of this section, a new discharger is any building, structure, facility or installation from which there is or may be a discharge of pollutants, as defined in s.
NR 200.02 (4), the construction of which commenced after November 1, 2002.
An existing discharger that relocates its outfall after November 1, 2002 may not be considered a new discharger for purposes of this paragraph. Relocation includes the diversion of a discharge from a land treatment system or systems to a surface water.
NR 106.145(4)(c)
(c) The term of an alternative mercury effluent limitation may not extend beyond the term of the permit.
NR 106.145(4)(d)
(d) An alternative mercury effluent limitation may be renewed using the procedures and requirements in subs.
(5) to
(8). An alternative mercury effluent limitation may not be renewed if the permittee did not substantially comply with all of the mercury-regulation conditions of the previous permit.
NR 106.145(5)
(5)
Calculation of an alternative mercury effluent limitation. NR 106.145(5)(a)(a) An alternative mercury effluent limitation shall equal the upper 99
th percentile of representative daily discharge concentrations as calculated under s.
NR 106.05 (4) (a), except as provided in par.
(c).
NR 106.145(5)(b)
(b) The alternative mercury effluent limitation shall be expressed as a daily maximum concentration.
NR 106.145(5)(c)
(c) An alternative mercury effluent limitation may not be greater than the alternative mercury effluent limitation contained in the previous permit, unless the permittee demonstrates that the previous alternative mercury effluent limitation was based on monitoring that did not represent actual discharge concentrations.
NR 106.145(6)
(6)
Department action on alternative mercury effluent limitation applications. NR 106.145(6)(a)
(a) The department shall establish an alternative mercury effluent limitation for a discharger when all of the following have been met:
NR 106.145(6)(a)1.
1. The information provided in the alternative mercury effluent limitation application described in sub.
(8) supports establishing the alternative mercury effluent limitation.
NR 106.145(6)(a)2.
2. The permittee and the department agree upon the alternative mercury effluent limitation and the specific permit language requiring implementation of the pollution minimization program described in sub.
(7).
NR 106.145(6)(b)
(b) If the information provided in the alternative mercury effluent limitation application does not support establishing an alternative mercury effluent limitation or if the department and the permittee cannot agree on the alternative mercury effluent limitation and the specific permit language incorporating the pollutant minimization program, the department shall include the water quality based effluent limitation or limitations in the permit. This paragraph does not prohibit the department from seeking and the applicant providing supplemental information after the initial application is submitted.
NR 106.145(6)(c)
(c) If the department grants an alternative mercury effluent limitation, the permit shall require monitoring subject to the data quality requirements of subs.
(9) and
(10), at the following locations:
NR 106.145(6)(c)2.
2. Influent and sludge or biosolids for major and minor municipal discharges.
NR 106.145(7)(a)
(a) If the department grants an alternative mercury effluent limitation under sub.
(6), the reissued permit shall require the permittee to implement a pollutant minimization program as defined in s.
NR 106.04 (5) and detailed for mercury in this subsection.
NR 106.145(7)(b)
(b) If the reissued permit requires monthly data generation under sub.
(3) (a) 1. or
4., the permit shall contain a special condition that triggers a pollutant minimization program if the first 24 months of data demonstrate that a limit will be necessary under sub.
(2). The permit shall also require that the permittee do all of the following:
NR 106.145(7)(b)1.
1. Submit to the department within 36 months of permit reissuance a pollutant minimization program plan meeting the requirements specified in this subsection.
NR 106.145(7)(b)2.
2. Implement the pollutant minimization program following submittal of the plan.
NR 106.145(7)(b)3.
3. Submit the first annual status report required in par.
(g) within 48 months of permit reissuance.
NR 106.145(7)(c)
(c) For municipal permittees, a pollutant minimization program shall consist of all of the following elements:
NR 106.145(7)(c)2.
2. Activities to help educate the general public, health professionals, school teachers, laboratory personnel or other professionals about ways to reduce use of mercury-containing products, recycle mercury-containing products and prevent spills.
NR 106.145(7)(c)3.
3. A program for collecting mercury from the permittee's sewer system users. This program may be independently operated by the permittee, jointly by the permittee and others or by another governmental unit.
NR 106.145(7)(c)4.
4. Other activities that the department, in consultation with the permittee, deems appropriate for the individual permittee's circumstances.
NR 106.145(7)(d)
(d) For industrial permittees, a pollutant minimization program may consist of any of the following elements:
NR 106.145(7)(d)3.
3. Substitution of raw materials or chemical additives with low-mercury alternatives.
NR 106.145(7)(e)
(e) In assessing the appropriate elements for a pollutant minimization program, the department may consider any of the following:
NR 106.145(7)(e)3.
3. The level of mercury in the effluent, influent and biosolids or sludge.
NR 106.145(7)(e)5.
5. The environmental costs and benefits of the pollutant minimization program elements.
NR 106.145(7)(e)6.
6. The characteristics of the community in which the discharger is located.
NR 106.145(7)(e)8.
8. The opportunities available for support from or cooperation with other organizations.
NR 106.145(7)(e)9.
9. The actions the discharger has taken in the past to reduce mercury use or discharges.
NR 106.145(7)(f)
(f) The pollutant minimization program plan shall include all of the following:
NR 106.145(7)(f)1.
1. Identify specific activities to be undertaken and a relative timeline to implement those activities.
NR 106.145(7)(f)2.
2. State which, if any, activities have already been implemented and how effective they were in reducing potential and actual mercury discharges.
NR 106.145(7)(f)3.
3. Commit the permittee to document how the pollutant minimization program plan was implemented including measures such as the number of contacts of various types made, programs implemented and other activities.
NR 106.145(7)(f)4.
4. Provide for steps to measure the effectiveness of the pollution minimization program elements in reducing potential and actual mercury discharges. Where the permittee regularly monitors influent, effluent, sludge or biosolids for mercury, measures shall include any changes in mercury concentrations over comparable historic data. Where practicable, other measures or estimates of mercury reductions from programs such as mercury recycling, collection or disposal may also be included.
NR 106.145(7)(g)
(g) Within 12 months of the beginning of implementation of the pollutant minimization program and annually thereafter, the permittee shall report to the department on the progress of the pollutant minimization program as required in s.
NR 106.04 (5). This annual report shall include all of the following:
NR 106.145(7)(g)1.
1. An evaluation of the effectiveness of the program in accordance with the plan.
NR 106.145(7)(g)2.
2. Identification of barriers that have limited program effectiveness and adjustments to the program that will be implemented during the next year to help address these barriers.
NR 106.145(7)(h)
(h) Permittees may collaborate with one another or other parties to plan and implement a pollutant minimization program.
NR 106.145 Note
Note: Permittees that do not prepare or effectively implement a pollutant minimization program are subject to regulatory requirements for mercury, without alternative mercury effluent limitations to water quality standards. For municipal permittees this may mean development and enforcement of mercury discharge standards for users of the public sewerage system pursuant to s.
NR 211.10 (3). For users of the municipal sewerage system this may mean changes in processes, installation of treatment technology, or other means to comply with the municipal mercury discharge standards pursuant to s.
NR 211.10 (1). Implementation of the municipal mercury discharge standards may require a program of user discharge permits and wastewater discharge monitoring.
NR 106.145(8)
(8)
Alternative mercury effluent limitation applications. NR 106.145(8)(a)(a) To apply for an alternative mercury effluent limitation under this section, a permittee shall do all of the following:
NR 106.145(8)(a)1.
1. Submit an alternative mercury effluent limitation application at the same time as the application for permit reissuance following data generation.
NR 106.145(8)(a)2.
2. State the basis for concluding that wastewater treatment technology for mercury is impractical.
NR 106.145(8)(a)3.
3. Supply representative effluent monitoring results of sufficient number and analytical sensitivity to quantify with reasonable certainty the concentration and mass of mercury discharged. Representative sample results shall meet all of the following requirements:
NR 106.145(8)(b)
(b) A permittee applying for renewal of an alternative mercury effluent limitation previously granted shall follow the procedures in par.
(a) except for all of the following:
NR 106.145(8)(b)1.
1. The permittee shall submit information indicating whether the permittee substantially complied with mercury regulation conditions of the existing permit.
NR 106.145(8)(b)2.
2. A new pollutant minimization program plan shall re-evaluate the plan required under the previous permit.
NR 106.145(9)(a)(a) Sample types may be grab or 24-hour composite. “Grab sample" and “24-hour composite sample" have the meanings specified in s.
NR 218.04.
NR 106.145(9)(b)
(b) Sample collection methods shall be consistent with
EPA Method 1669: Sampling Ambient Water for Trace Metals at EPA Water Quality Criteria Levels, EPA-821-R-96-011.
