DHS 157.43(2)(a)(a) A licensee may not transport radioactive material unless the material is packaged and the package is labeled, marked and accompanied with appropriate shipping papers under regulations set out in subch.
XIII.
DHS 157.43(2)(b)
(b) A licensee shall lock and physically secure the transport package containing radioactive material in the transporting vehicle to prevent accidental loss, tampering or unauthorized removal.
DHS 157.43(3)
(3)
Storage. Radiographic exposure devices, source changers, storage containers and radiation machines, shall be physically secured to prevent tampering or removal by unauthorized personnel. The licensee shall store radioactive material in a manner that minimizes danger from explosion or fire.
DHS 157.43 History
History: CR 01-108: cr.
Register July 2002 No. 559, eff. 8-1-02;
CR 16-078: r. (2) (b), renum. (2) (intro.), (a) to (2) (a), (b)
Register January 2018 No. 745, eff. 2-1-18.
DHS 157.44
DHS 157.44 Operational radiation safety requirements. DHS 157.44(1)(a)(a) Whenever radiography is performed at a location other than a permanent radiographic installation, the radiographer shall be accompanied by at least one other certified radiographer or radiographer's assistant. The additional individual shall observe the operations and be capable of providing immediate assistance to prevent unauthorized entry. Radiography may not be performed if only one individual is present.
DHS 157.44(1)(b)
(b) Except when physically impossible, collimators shall be used in industrial radiographic operations that use radiographic exposure devices that allow the source to be moved out of the device.
DHS 157.44(1)(c)
(c) A licensee may conduct lay-barge, offshore platform or underwater radiography only if procedures have been approved by the department, the NRC or by another agreement state.
DHS 157.44(2)(a)
(a) The radiation safety officer shall ensure that radiation safety activities are being performed under approved procedures and regulatory requirements in the daily operation of the licensee's or registrant's program.
DHS 157.44(2)(b)
(b) Except as allowed in par.
(c), the minimum qualifications, training and experience for radiation safety officers for industrial radiography are as follows:
DHS 157.44(2)(b)2.
2. 2000 hours of hands-on experience as a qualified radiographer in industrial radiographic operations.
DHS 157.44(2)(b)3.
3. Formal training in the establishment and maintenance of a radiation protection program.
DHS 157.44(2)(c)
(c) The department may consider alternatives to the requirements of par.
(b) when the radiation safety officer has appropriate training and experience in the field of ionizing radiation and has adequate formal training with respect to the establishment and maintenance of a radiation safety protection program.
DHS 157.44(2)(d)
(d) The specific duties and authorities of the radiation safety officer shall include all the following:
DHS 157.44(2)(d)1.
1. Establishing and overseeing all operating, emergency and ALARA procedures as required by subch.
III and reviewing the procedures regularly to ensure that the procedures conform to department rules and to the license conditions.
DHS 157.44(2)(d)2.
2. Overseeing and approving the training program for radiographic personnel to ensure that appropriate and effective radiation protection practices are taught.
DHS 157.44(2)(d)3.
3. Ensuring that required radiation surveys and leak tests are performed and documented under the rules, including any corrective measures when levels of radiation exceed established limits.
DHS 157.44(2)(d)4.
4. Ensuring that personnel monitoring devices are calibrated, if applicable, and used properly; that records are kept of the monitoring results; and that timely notifications are made as required by subch.
III.
DHS 157.44(2)(d)5.
5. Ensuring that operations are conducted safely and implementing corrective actions including terminating operations at the work sites or upon license termination.
DHS 157.44(3)(a)(a) In addition to the requirements in par.
(b), a licensee or registrant may not permit any individual to act as a radiographer until the individual has completed a minimum of 40 hours of training in the subjects outlined in this paragraph, hands-on experience under the supervision of a radiographer and is certified through a radiographer certification program meeting the requirements of
10 CFR 34 Appendix A. The hands-on experience for radioactive materials shall include a minimum of 320 hours of active participation in the performance of industrial radiography utilizing radioactive material or 160 hours of active participation in the performance of industrial radiography if utilizing only radiation machines. Individuals performing industrial radiography utilizing radioactive materials and radiation machines shall complete both segments of the hands-on experience for a minimum of 480 hours. A licensee or registrant shall include all the following subjects in training:
DHS 157.44(3)(a)1.
1. Fundamentals of radiation safety that includes all of the following:
DHS 157.44(3)(a)2.a.
a. Use, operation, calibration and limitations of radiation survey instruments.
DHS 157.44(3)(a)3.a.
a. Operation and control of radiographic exposure equipment, remote handling equipment and storage containers, including pictures or models of source assemblies.
DHS 157.44 Note
Note: A current list of state and national organizations administering the certification examination may be obtained by writing the Department at: Department of Health Services, Radiation Protection Section, P.O. Box 2659, Madison, WI 53701-2659 or from the following website:
http://dhs.wisconsin.gov/radiation/protection/IRCerts.htm.
DHS 157.44(3)(b)
(b) A licensee or registrant may not permit any individual to act as a radiographer until the individual has accomplished all the following:
DHS 157.44(3)(b)1.
1. Received copies of and instruction in the requirements described in this subchapter and applicable sections of subchs.
III,
X and
XIII, the license under which the radiographer will perform industrial radiography and the licensee's or registrant's operating and emergency procedures.
DHS 157.44(3)(b)2.
2. Demonstrated an understanding of the licensee's license and operating and emergency procedures by successful completion of a written or oral examination covering this material.
DHS 157.44(3)(b)3.
3. Received training in the use of the registrant's radiation machines or the licensee's radiographic exposure devices, sealed sources, in the daily inspection of devices and associated equipment and in the use of radiation survey instruments.
DHS 157.44(3)(b)4.
4. Demonstrated understanding of the use of the equipment described in subd.
3. by successful completion of a practical examination.
DHS 157.44(3)(c)
(c) A licensee or registrant may not permit any individual to act as a radiographer's assistant until the individual has accomplished all the following:
DHS 157.44(3)(c)1.
1. Received copies of and instruction in the requirements described in this subchapter and applicable sections of subchs.
III,
X and
XIII, the license under which the radiographer's assistant will perform industrial radiography and the licensee's or registrant's operating and emergency procedures.
DHS 157.44(3)(c)2.
2. Demonstrated an understanding of items in subd.
1. by successful completion of a written or oral examination.
DHS 157.44(3)(c)3.
3. Under the personal supervision of a radiographer, received training in the use of the registrant's radiation machines or the licensee's radiographic exposure devices and sealed sources, in the daily inspection of devices and associated equipment and in the use of radiation survey instruments.
DHS 157.44(3)(c)4.
4. Demonstrated an understanding of the use of the equipment described in subd.
3. by successful completion of a practical examination.
DHS 157.44(3)(d)
(d) A licensee or registrant shall provide annual refresher safety training for each radiographer and radiographer's assistant at intervals not to exceed 12 months.
DHS 157.44(3)(e)
(e) The radiation safety officer or designee shall conduct an inspection program of the job performance of each radiographer and radiographer's assistant to ensure that the department's rules, license requirements and operating and emergency procedures are followed. The department may consider alternatives in those situations where the individual serves as both radiographer and radiation safety officer. An inspection program is not required when a single individual serves as both radiographer and radiation safety officer and performs all radiography operations. The inspection program shall include all the following:
DHS 157.44(3)(e)1.
1. Observation of the performance of each radiographer and radiographer's assistant at intervals not to exceed 6 months during an actual industrial radiographic operation.
DHS 157.44(3)(e)2.
2. Provide that, if a radiographer or a radiographer's assistant has not participated in an industrial radiographic operation for more than 6 months since the last inspection, the radiographer shall demonstrate knowledge of the training requirements of par.
(b) 3. and the radiographer's assistant shall demonstrate knowledge of the training requirements of par.
(c) 3. by a practical examination before these individuals may next participate in a radiographic operation.
DHS 157.44(3)(f)
(f) A licensee or registrant shall maintain records under s.
DHS 157.45 (9) of the training specified in this section to include certification documents, written oral and practical examinations, refresher safety training and inspections of job performance.
DHS 157.44(4)(a)
(a) Operating and emergency procedures shall include instructions in all the following:
DHS 157.44(4)(a)1.
1. Appropriate handling and use of sources of radiation so that no person is likely to be exposed to radiation doses in excess of the limits established in subch.
III.
DHS 157.44(4)(a)3.
3. Methods for posting signs in and controlling access to radiographic areas.
DHS 157.44(4)(a)4.
4. Methods and occasions for locking and securing sources of radiation.
DHS 157.44(4)(a)6.
6. Transporting equipment to field locations, including packing of radiographic exposure devices and storage containers in the vehicles, placarding of vehicles when required and control of the equipment during transportation as described in subch.
XIII.
DHS 157.44(4)(a)7.
7. The inspection, maintenance and operability checks of radiographic exposure devices, radiation machines, survey instruments, alarming ratemeters, transport containers and storage containers.
DHS 157.44(4)(a)8.
8. Measures to be taken immediately by radiography personnel in the event a pocket dosimeter is found to be off-scale or an alarming ratemeter alarms unexpectedly.
DHS 157.44(4)(a)10.
10. The procedure for notifying the proper persons in the event of an accident or radiation incident.
DHS 157.44(4)(a)11.
11. Minimizing exposure of persons in the event of an accident or radiation incident, including a source disconnect, a transport accident or loss of a source of radiation.
DHS 157.44(5)(a)
(a) A radiographer's assistant shall be personally supervised by a radiographer when the assistant is using radiographic exposure devices, associated equipment or a sealed source or while conducting radiation surveys required by sub.
(7) (b) to determine that the sealed source has returned to the shielded position or the radiation machine is off after an exposure. The personal supervision shall include all the following:
DHS 157.44(5)(a)1.
1. The radiographer's physical presence at the site where the sources of radiation are being used.
DHS 157.44(5)(a)2.
2. The availability of the radiographer to give immediate assistance if required.
DHS 157.44(5)(a)3.
3. The radiographer's direct observation of the assistant's performance of the operations referred to in this section.
DHS 157.44(6)(a)(a) A licensee or registrant may not permit any individual to act as a radiographer or a radiographer's assistant unless, at all times during radiographic operations, each individual wears on the trunk of his or her body a combination of direct reading dosimeter, an alarming ratemeter and a personnel dosimeter. At permanent radiographic installations where other appropriate alarming or warning devices are in routine use or during radiographic operations using radiation machines, the use of an alarming ratemeter is not required. Dosimeters shall comply with all of the following conditions:
DHS 157.44(6)(a)1.
1. Pocket dosimeters shall have a range from zero to 2 millisieverts (200 mrem) and shall be recharged at the start of each shift. Electronic personal dosimeters may only be used in place of ion-chamber pocket dosimeters.
DHS 157.44(6)(a)2.
2. Each personnel dosimeter shall be assigned to and worn by only one individual.
DHS 157.44(6)(a)3.
3. Film badges shall be replaced at least monthly and all other personnel dosimeters that require replacement must be replaced at least quarterly. All personnel dosimeters must be evaluated at least quarterly or promptly after replacement, whichever is more frequent.
DHS 157.44(6)(b)
(b) Direct reading dosimeters such as pocket dosimeters or electronic personal dosimeters, shall be read and the exposures recorded at the beginning and end of each shift and records shall be maintained as specified under s.
DHS 157.45 (11) DHS 157.44(6)(c)
(c) Pocket dosimeters or electronic personal dosimeters shall be checked at periods not to exceed 12 months for correct response to radiation and records shall be maintained as specified under s.
DHS 157.45 (11). Acceptable dosimeters shall read within plus or minus 20% of the true radiation exposure.
DHS 157.44(6)(d)
(d) If an individual's pocket dosimeter is found to be off-scale, or if the electronic personal dosimeter reads greater than 2 millisieverts (200 mrem), and the possibility of radiation exposure cannot be ruled out as the cause, the personnel dosimeter that requires processing shall be sent for processing and evaluation within 24 hours. If a personnel dosimeter does not require processing, evaluation of the dosimeter shall be started within 24 hours. In addition, the individual may not resume work associated with the use of sources of radiation until a determination of the individual's radiation dose has been made. The determination shall be made by the radiation safety officer or the radiation safety officer's designee. The results of the determination shall be included in the records maintained under s.
DHS 157.45 (11).
DHS 157.44(6)(e)
(e) If a personnel dosimeter is lost or damaged, the worker shall cease work immediately until a replacement personnel dosimeter is provided and the exposure is calculated for the time period from issuance to loss or damage. The results of the calculated exposure and the time period for which the personnel dosimeter was lost or damaged shall be included in the records maintained as specified under s.
DHS 157.45 (11).
DHS 157.44(6)(g)
(g) Each alarming ratemeter shall meet all the following criteria:
