Wisconsin Legislature: ATCP 93.350(4)(a)1.

(3) General requirements for tanks. Storage tanks shall meet all of the following requirements:

(a) Structural. Tanks shall have a stable foundation under all operating conditions and be of sufficient structural strength to withstand normal handling and use.

(b) Chemical compatibility. Tanks shall be chemically compatible with the substance being stored.

(c) Wear, vibration, shock, and corrosion. Tanks shall be protected from failure due to internal and external wear, vibration, shock, and corrosion.

(d) Fire, heat, vacuum, and pressure. Tanks shall be protected from fire, heat, vacuum, and pressure that might cause tank failure.

(e) Collision protection. Tanks that are subject to vehicle collision shall be protected from collision damage by vehicles and equipment.

(f) Fiberglass-reinforced plastic. If fiberglass-reinforced plastic material is used, the material shall be of sufficient density and strength to form a hard, impermeable shell that will not crack, wick, wear, soften, or separate under normal service conditions.

(g) National standards. Tanks shall be designed, constructed and installed or certified by a qualified engineer in accordance with a standard recognized by the department that is developed by a nationally recognized association or independent testing laboratory.

(h) Listing. Tanks used for underground storage shall be listed or shall be approved by the department.

(i) Reinstallation of used tank systems.

1. Used tank systems that do not meet the standards for new tanks under par. (g) or new piping under sub. (4) may not be reinstalled for hazardous substance storage.

2. If a used tank meets the standards for new tanks under par. (g), it may be reinstalled provided it is certified by a qualified engineer for use.

(k) Spill prevention at pumps and valves. The owner or operator shall prevent spills and leaks at all pumps and valves that control a liquid hazardous substance by using one or more of the following methods:

1. Installation of seal-less pumps and valves, double-seal pumps and valves or equivalent technology.

a. Implementation of a pump and valve inspection, maintenance, and repair program that complies with subd. 2. b.

b. The frequency of inspection and scope of maintenance and repair shall be based on a minimum of 5 years of actual operating and service records, manufacturer’s recommendation, or records for similar operations.

a. Installation of pumps and valves within a catchment basin, such as a drip pan, pad or secondary containment system, that complies with subd. 3. b. and c.

b. The catchment basin shall be compatible with the substance stored for a period of time that will allow for cleanup under all operating conditions.

c. The catchment basin shall be inspected each day of operation for accumulation of liquid and shall have the capacity to contain all spills likely to accumulate in the basin.

(L) Tanks subject to melting. Aboveground storage tanks constructed of a material subject to melting when exposed to fire shall be located so that any spill or leak resulting from the failure of the material could not unduly expose persons, structures, or the environment.

(m) Tanks subject to scouring.

1. Storage tanks subject to scouring by the inflow of materials, or subject to wear from manual gauging shall be equipped with wear plates, diffusers, or other means to prevent localized wear or corrosion.

2. If wear plates are used, they shall cover an area of at least one square foot and be installed in a manner that prevents crevice corrosion of the tank.

(n) Explosion protection. Tanks shall be protected from explosion in accordance with generally accepted engineering practices. Protection shall be provided by cooling systems, fire-resistance measures, depressurizing valves, foundation sloping to prevent burning liquids from accumulating under the tank, or other means determined by a qualified engineer and acceptable to the department.

(o) Protection from freezing. Tanks, piping, valves and other ancillary equipment shall be protected from physical damage by freezing.

(4) Piping systems.

(a) General requirements. Piping systems serving hazardous substance storage tanks shall meet all of the following requirements:

1. Piping systems shall be compatible with the substance stored and be protected from failure due to internal and external wear, vibration, shock, and corrosion.

2. Piping systems shall be free of leakage, structurally sound, properly supported under all operating conditions and be protected from fire, heat, vacuum, and pressure that would cause the system to fail.

3. Piping systems shall be designed, installed, and maintained to prevent damage from expansion, jarring, vibration, contraction, and frost.

4. Piping systems shall be protected from collision damage or crushing loads by vehicles and equipment.

5. Joint compounds and gaskets shall be compatible with the substance stored.

6. Piping with pump or compressor connections shall be provided with shutoff valves located adjacent to the connections.

7. Flexible connectors, elbows, loops, expansion chambers or similar measures shall be installed to allow for movement and prevent damage from water hammer.

8. Piping systems that carry liquids which expand upon freezing shall be protected from freezing or shall have provisions to prevent rupture due to freezing.

9. Refrigerated piping systems shall be constructed of materials suitable for extreme temperatures and pressures in the storage system.

(b) National standards. Hazardous substance piping systems serving storage tanks shall be designed, constructed and installed or certified by a qualified engineer in accordance with a standard, as recognized by the department, that is developed by a nationally recognized association or independent testing laboratory.

Note: Examples of recognized standards include ORD-C107.7 — Glass-Fibre Reinforced Plastic Pipe and Fittings; and ASTM D 2996 — Standard Specification for Filament-Wound “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe.

(5) Secondary containment.

(a) General.

1. All new and existing tank systems used to store hazardous liquids shall be provided with secondary containment.

2. Secondary containment systems shall be designed, constructed and installed to prevent the release of regulated substances to the environment at any time during the operational life of a tank system by containing a leak or spill from the system until the leak or spill is detected and removed.

3. A building may serve as secondary containment if at least one of the following requirements is met:

a. The building is an enclosed structure resting on or above impermeable surfaces from which a discharge of the entire contents of the largest tank would not escape through any doorway, floor drain or other means.

b. The building drains and spillways are connected to an onsite wastewater treatment facility and are designed and maintained such that any leak or spill cannot drain elsewhere.

c. The building drains and spillways are connected to a municipal wastewater treatment facility with agreement of the municipality on the specific materials stored, and drains and spillways are designed and maintained such that any leak or spill cannot drain elsewhere.

4. Secondary containment systems shall be checked for evidence of a leak or spill at least every 30 days.

5. Double-walled tanks shall be designed, constructed, and installed to contain a leak from any portion of the inner tank and to detect a failure of the inner or outer wall.

6. Capacity requirements for secondary containment structures may be reduced by the amount of available treatment plant capacity that is directly accessible to the tank.

7. Secondary containment, including liners and vaults, shall be designed, constructed, and installed to do all of the following:

a. Contain 100 percent of the capacity of the largest tank within the containment area, except as provided in subd. 8.

b. Prevent precipitation or groundwater intrusion from interfering with the ability to contain or detect a leak or spill of a regulated substance.

c. Surround the tank completely and be capable of preventing migration of a regulated substance.

d. Use materials that are compatible with the substances stored and the environment.

e. Isolate incompatible liquids and tank materials from each other and from the environment.

a. Permanent containment structures that are not protected from the weather shall be designed and maintained to allow for the containment of 125 percent of the volume of the largest tank within the containment area.

b. Precipitation and debris shall be removed from the containment structure on a regular basis.

c. No precipitation, ice, or debris that is noticeably contaminated may be discharged to the environment.

9. Underground piping shall be provided with secondary containment and leak detection in accordance with sub. (8).

10.

a. Connections to tanks shall be located within a containment structure constructed of compatible material and capable of containing leaks from the connections.

b. The containment structure for underground tanks shall have an access way so connections can be inspected and repaired.

(b) Secondary containment systems for product transfers. Transfer of hazardous substances shall take place within a secondary containment system that meets all of the following requirements:

a. For facilities that are designed on or after February 1, 2009, the system shall be capable of containing leaks and spills from the largest compartment of the vehicle being loaded or unloaded, including leaks or spills from connections, couplings, vents, pumps and valves, hose failure, or overturning of a container.

b. For facilities designed or installed before February 1, 2009, the system shall be capable of containing the volume of any leak or spill deemed likely to occur, in the professional judgment of a qualified engineer.

c. Open-ended fill lines shall be located within the secondary containment system.

a. The system shall be designed, installed, and operated to prevent any migration of hazardous substances into the soil or the waters of the state, before cleanup occurs, except as allowed in subd. 2. b.

b. The system may allow migration of the gaseous component of a spill.

3. The system shall be constructed, coated, or lined with materials that are compatible with the substances to be transferred and the environment.

a. Product transfers using temporary containment structures shall be constantly attended.

b. The attendant shall be familiar with emergency procedures such that the secondary containment capacity will not be exceeded in the event of a leak or spill.

a. Permanent containment structures shall have sufficient strength and thickness to withstand wear, hydrostatic forces, frost heaving, and weathering.

b. The structure shall support any vehicle brought into the transfer area.

6. Permanent containment structures shall have a foundation that prevents failure due to settlement, compression, or uplift.

a. Permanent containment structures shall be designed with a manually controlled drainage system to permit the drainage of liquids resulting from leaks, spills, and precipitation, such as a manually controlled pump or siphon or a manually controlled dike valve.

b. Pump, siphon and valve controls shall be located outside of the diked area.

c. All drainage systems shall be locked in a closed position when a transfer of a hazardous substance is in progress.

d. Spilled or leaked substances shall be removed from the containment system to prevent a release to the waters of the state.

(6) Pressure relief and venting.

(a) General pressure relief and venting requirements.