SB545: Bill Text

2021 - 2022 LEGISLATURE

2021 Senate BILL 545

September 2, 2021 - Introduced by Senators Agard, Johnson, L. Taylor, Roys, Larson, Smith and Erpenbach, cosponsored by Representatives Bowen, Ohnstad, Spreitzer, Hong, Stubbs, Hebl, Emerson, S. Rodriguez, Neubauer, Hesselbein, Baldeh, Brostoff, Snodgrass, Goyke, Pope, Shankland, Shelton, Moore Omokunde, L. Myers, Anderson, Drake, Subeck, Sinicki, Ortiz-Velez, Considine, Andraca, Hintz, Conley, Vining and Cabrera. Referred to Committee on Judiciary and Public Safety.

SB545,2,3 An Act to repeal 94.55 (2t), 961.11 (4g), 961.14 (4) (t), 961.32 (2m), 961.38 (1n), 961.41 (1) (h), 961.41 (1m) (h), 961.41 (1q), 961.41 (3g) (e), 961.571 (1) (a) 7., 961.571 (1) (a) 11. e., 961.571 (1) (a) 11. k. and L. and 967.055 (1m) (b) 5.; to renumber and amend 115.35 (1), 961.01 (14) and 961.34; to amend 20.115 (7) (gc), 49.148 (4) (a), 49.79 (1) (b), 59.54 (25) (title), 59.54 (25) (a) (intro.), 66.0107 (1) (bm), 111.35 (2) (e), 114.09 (2) (bm) 1. (intro.), 114.09 (2) (bm) 4., 157.06 (11) (i), 289.33 (3) (d), 349.02 (2) (b) 4., 961.41 (1r), 961.41 (1x), 961.41 (3g) (c), 961.41 (3g) (d), 961.41 (3g) (em), 961.47 (1), 961.48 (3), 961.48 (5), 961.49 (1m) (intro.), 961.571 (1) (a) 11. (intro.), 971.365 (1) (a), 971.365 (1) (b), 971.365 (1) (c) and 971.365 (2); and to create 16.282, 20.115 (7) (ge), 20.192 (1) (t), 20.255 (2) (r), 20.435 (1) (r), 20.437 (3) (r), 20.505 (1) (t), 20.566 (1) (bn), 20.835 (2) (eq), 25.316, 48.47 (20), 66.04185, 73.17, 77.54 (71), 94.56, 94.57, 100.145, 108.02 (18r), 108.04 (5m), 111.32 (9m), 111.32 (11m), subchapter IV of chapter 139 [precedes 139.97], 157.06 (11) (hm), 238.139, 250.22, subchapter VIII of chapter 961 [precedes 961.70] and 973.016 of the statutes; relating to: legalizing recreational marijuana, granting rule-making authority, making an appropriation, and providing a penalty.

Analysis by the Legislative Reference Bureau

Legalizing recreational marijuana

Current law prohibits a person from manufacturing, distributing, or delivering marijuana; possessing marijuana with the intent to manufacture, distribute, or deliver it; possessing or attempting to possess marijuana; using drug paraphernalia; or possessing drug paraphernalia with the intent to produce, distribute, or use a controlled substance. The bill changes state law so that it allows recreational use of marijuana. The bill does not affect federal law, which generally prohibits persons from manufacturing, delivering, or possessing marijuana and applies to both intrastate and interstate violations.

The bill changes state law to allow a Wisconsin resident who is at least 21 years old, or a qualifying patient, to possess no more than two ounces of marijuana and to allow a nonresident of Wisconsin who is at least 21 years old to possess no more than one-quarter ounce of marijuana. Under the bill, generally, a qualifying patient is an individual who has been diagnosed by a physician as having or undergoing a debilitating medical condition or treatment and who is at least 18 years old.

Generally, under the bill, a person who possesses more than the maximum amount he or she is allowed to possess, but not more than 28 grams of marijuana, is subject to a civil forfeiture not to exceed $1,000 or imprisonment not to exceed 90 days or both. A person who possesses more than 28 grams of marijuana is guilty of a Class B misdemeanor, except that, if the person takes action to hide the amount of marijuana he or she has and the person has in place a security system to alert him or her to the presence of law enforcement, a method of intimidation, or a trap that could injure or kill a person approaching the area containing the marijuana, the person is guilty of a Class I felony.

The bill also eliminates the prohibition on possessing or using drug paraphernalia that relates to marijuana consumption.

Special disposition for marijuana-related crimes

The bill also creates a process for persons who have been convicted of an act that has been decriminalized under the bill. If the person is currently serving a sentence or on probation for such a conviction, the person may petition a court to dismiss the conviction and expunge the record. If the person has completed a sentence or period of probation for such a conviction, the person may petition a court to expunge the record or, if applicable, redesignate it to a lower crime. Any conviction that is expunged under the bill is not considered a conviction for any purpose under state or federal law.

Permits to produce, process, and sell recreational marijuana

The bill creates a process by which a person may obtain a permit to produce, process, or sell marijuana for recreational use and pay an excise tax for the privilege of doing business in this state. Sixty percent of the revenue collected from the tax is deposited into a segregated fund called the “community reinvestment fund”.

The bill requires a person to obtain separate permits from DOR to produce, process, distribute, or sell marijuana, and requires marijuana producers and processors to obtain additional permits from DATCP. The requirements for obtaining these permits differ based on whether the permit is issued by DOR or DATCP but, in general, a person may not obtain such a permit if he or she is not a state resident, is under the age of 21, or has been convicted of certain crimes. In addition, a person may not operate under a DOR permit within 500 feet of a school, playground, recreation facility, child care facility, public park, public transit facility, or library and may not operate as a marijuana producer under a DATCP permit within 500 feet of a school. A person who holds a permit from DOR must also comply with certain operational requirements.

Under the bill, a permit applicant with 20 or more employees may not receive a permit from DATCP or DOR unless the the applicant certifies that the applicant has entered into a labor peace agreement with a labor organization. The labor peace agreement prohibits the labor organization and its members from engaging in any economic interference with persons doing business in this state, prohibits the applicant from disrupting the efforts of the labor organization to communicate with and to organize and represent the applicant's employees, and provides the labor organization access to areas in which the employees work to discuss employment rights and the terms and conditions of employment. Current law prohibits the state and any local unit of government from requiring a labor peace agreement as a condition for any regulatory approval. The permit requirements under the bill are not subject to that prohibition.

The bill also requires DATCP and DOR to use a competitive scoring system to determine which applicants are eligible to receive permits. Each department must issue permits to the highest scoring applicants that it determines will best protect the environment; provide stable, family-supporting jobs to local residents; ensure worker and consumer safety; operate secure facilities; and uphold the laws of the jurisdictions in which they operate. Each department may deny a permit to an applicant with a low score.

Under the bill, a person who does not have a permit from DOR to sell marijuana may not sell, distribute, or transfer marijuana or possess marijuana with the intent to sell or distribute it. A person who violates this prohibition is guilty of a Class I felony.

Also under the bill, a person who does not have a permit from DATCP may not produce or process marijuana. A person who violates this prohibition, who fails to pay the fee for a permit, or who violates any rules promulgated by DATCP relating to producing or processing marijuana is subject to a criminal penalty of a fine of between $100 and $500, imprisonment of up to six months, or both. In addition, a person who is cultivating marijuana plants without a permit who possesses more than six but not more than 12 marijuana plants that have reached the flowering stage is subject to a civil forfeiture not to exceed $1,000 or imprisonment not to exceed 90 days or both. If the person possesses more than 12 plants that have reached the flowering stage at one time, the person is guilty of a Class B misdemeanor, except that, if the person takes action to hide the number of plants he or she has and the person has in place a security system to alert him or her to the presence of law enforcement, a method of intimidation, or a trap that could injure or kill a person approaching the area containing the plants, the person is guilty of a Class I felony.

Penalties for sales to minors

The bill prohibits a DOR permittee from selling, distributing, or transferring marijuana to a person who is under the age of 21 (minor) and from allowing a minor to be on premises for which a permit is issued. If a permittee violates one of those prohibitions, the permittee may be subject to a civil forfeiture of not more than $500 and the permit may be suspended for up to 30 days. If a person who does not have a permit from DOR to sell marijuana sells, distributes, or transfers marijuana to a minor, and the person is at least three years older than the minor, the person is guilty of a Class H felony.

Under the bill, a minor who does any of the following is subject to a forfeiture of not less than $250 nor more than $500: procures or attempts to procure marijuana from a permittee; falsely represents his or her age to receive marijuana from a permittee; knowingly possesses marijuana; or knowingly enters any premises for which a permit has been issued without being accompanied by his or her parent, guardian, or spouse who is at least 21 years of age or at least 18 years of age if a qualifying patient.

Medical marijuana registry

The bill requires DOR to create and maintain a medical marijuana registry program whereby a person who is a qualifying patient may obtain a registry identification card and purchase marijuana from a licensed retail establishment without having to pay the sales or excise taxes imposed on that sale.

Registration for testing labs

The bill also requires DATCP to register entities as tetrahydrocannabinols (THC)-testing laboratories. The laboratories must test marijuana for contaminants; research findings on the use of medical marijuana; and provide training on safe and efficient cultivation, harvesting, packaging, labeling, and distribution of marijuana, security and inventory accountability, and research on medical marijuana.

Employment discrimination

Under the fair employment law, no employer or other person may engage in any act of employment discrimination against any individual on the basis of the individual's use or nonuse of lawful products off the employer's premises during nonworking hours, subject to certain exceptions, one of which is if the use impairs the individual's ability to undertake adequately the job-related responsibilities of that individual's employment. The bill specifically defines marijuana as a lawful product for purposes of the fair employment law, such that no person may engage in any act of employment discrimination against an individual because of the individual's use of marijuana off the employer's premises during nonworking hours, subject to those exceptions.

Unemployment benefits

Under current law, an individual may be disqualified from receiving unemployment insurance benefits if he or she is terminated because of misconduct or substantial fault. The bill specifically provides that an employee's use of marijuana off the employer's premises during nonworking hours does not constitute misconduct or substantial fault unless termination for that use is permitted under one of the exceptions under the fair employment law. Also under current law, DWD must establish a program to test claimants who apply for UI benefits for the presence of controlled substances, as defined under federal law. If a claimant tests positive for a controlled substance, the claimant may be denied UI benefits, subject to certain exceptions and limitations. The bill excludes THC for purposes of this testing requirement. As such, under the bill, an individual who tests positive for THC may not be denied UI benefits.

Drug testing for public assistance programs

The bill exempts THC, including marijuana, from drug testing for certain public assistance programs. Currently, a participant in a community service job or transitional placement under the Wisconsin Works program (W2) or a recipient of the FoodShare program, also known as the food stamp program, who is convicted of possession, use, or distribution of a controlled substance must submit to a test for controlled substances as a condition of continued eligibility. DHS is currently required to request a waiver of federal Medicaid law to require drug screening and testing as a condition of eligibility for the childless adult demonstration project in the Medical Assistance program. Current law also requires DHS to promulgate rules to develop and implement a drug screening, testing, and treatment policy for able-bodied adults without dependents in the FoodShare employment and training program. The bill exempts THC from all of those drug-testing requirements and programs. In addition, because THC is not a controlled substance under state law under the bill, the requirement under current law that DCF promulgate rules to create a controlled substance abuse screening and testing requirement for applicants for the work experience program for noncustodial parents under W2 and the Transform Milwaukee Jobs and Transitional Jobs programs does not include THC.

Equity grants

The bill provides for a number of grants to be paid from the revenue generated from the excise tax on marijuana that is deposited into the community reinvestment fund. For example, the bill requires DOA to provide grants to public, private, and nonprofit entities in this state that promote diversity and advance equity and inclusion, including promoting the inclusion of women and racial and ethnic minorities in the production and sale of marijuana. In addition, the bill directs DHS to award grants to community organizations to implement community health worker care models. The bill also directs DHS to award grants to community organizations and local or tribal health departments to hire health equity strategists and to implement health equity action plans in small geographic areas.

Anatomical gifts

Unless federal law requires otherwise, the bill prohibits a hospital, physician, organ procurement organization, or other person from determining the ultimate recipient of an anatomical gift on the sole basis of a positive test for the use of marijuana by a potential recipient.

Because this bill creates a new crime or revises a penalty for an existing crime, the Joint Review Committee on Criminal Penalties may be requested to prepare a report.

Because this bill relates to an exemption from state or local taxes, it may be referred to the Joint Survey Committee on Tax Exemptions for a report to be printed as an appendix to the bill.

For further information see the state and local fiscal estimate, which will be printed as an appendix to this bill.

The people of the state of Wisconsin, represented in senate and assembly, do enact as follows:

SB545,1 Section 1 . 16.282 of the statutes is created to read:

SB545,6,6 16.282 Equity grants. The department shall develop and administer a grants program to provide grants to public, private, and nonprofit entities in this state that promote diversity and advance equity and inclusion, including promoting the inclusion of women and racial and ethnic minorities in the production and sale of marijuana.

SB545,2 Section 2 . 20.005 (3) (schedule) of the statutes: at the appropriate place, insert the following amounts for the purposes indicated: - See PDF for table - See PDF for table - See PDF for table - See PDF for table

SB545,3 Section 3. 20.115 (7) (gc) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB545,8,3 20.115 (7) (gc) Industrial hemp and marijuana. All moneys received under s. 94.55 for regulation of activities relating to industrial hemp under s. 94.55 and to marijuana under s. 94.56.

SB545,4 Section 4 . 20.115 (7) (ge) of the statutes is created to read:

SB545,8,8 20.115 (7) (ge) Marijuana producers and processors; official logotype. All moneys received under s. 94.56 for regulation of activities relating to marijuana under s. 94.56, for conducting public awareness campaigns under s. 94.56, and for the creation of a logotype under s. 100.145.

SB545,5 Section 5 . 20.192 (1) (t) of the statutes is created to read:

SB545,8,12 20.192 (1) (t) Underserved community grants. From the community reinvestment fund, the amounts in the schedule for the purpose of providing underserved community grants under s. 238.139.

SB545,6 Section 6 . 20.255 (2) (r) of the statutes is created to read:

SB545,8,16 20.255 (2) (r) Sparsity aid; community reinvestment fund supplement. From the community reinvestment fund, the amounts in the schedule for sparsity aid to school districts under s. 115.436.

SB545,7 Section 7 . 20.435 (1) (r) of the statutes is created to read:

SB545,8,19 20.435 (1) (r) Health equity grants. From the community reinvestment fund, the amounts in the schedule for health equity grants under s. 250.22.

SB545,8 Section 8. 20.437 (3) (r) of the statutes is created to read:

SB545,8,23 20.437 (3) (r) Diversity, equity, and inclusion grants; community reinvestment fund supplement. From the community reinvestment fund, the amounts in the schedule for diversity, equity, and inclusion grants under s. 48.47 (20).

SB545,9 Section 9 . 20.505 (1) (t) of the statutes is created to read:

SB545,9,4 20.505 (1) (t) Equity grants; community reinvestment fund. From the community reinvestment fund, the amounts in the schedule for the purpose of providing grants to promote diversity and advance equity and inclusion under s. 16.282.

SB545,10 Section 10 . 20.566 (1) (bn) of the statutes is created to read:

SB545,9,10 20.566 (1) (bn) Administration and enforcement of marijuana tax and regulation. The amounts in the schedule for the purposes of administering the marijuana tax imposed under subch. IV of ch. 139 and for the costs incurred in enforcing the taxing and regulation of marijuana producers, marijuana processors, and marijuana retailers under subch. IV of ch. 139.

SB545,11 Section 11. 20.835 (2) (eq) of the statutes is created to read:

SB545,9,13 20.835 (2) (eq) Marijuana tax refunds. A sum sufficient to pay refunds under subchapter IV of chapter 139.

SB545,12 Section 12. 25.316 of the statutes is created to read:

SB545,9,18 25.316 Community reinvestment fund. There is established a separate nonlapsible trust fund, designated the community reinvestment fund consisting of 60 percent of all moneys received from the taxes imposed under s. 139.971, including interest and penalties.

SB545,13 Section 13. 48.47 (20) of the statutes is created to read:

SB545,9,22 48.47 (20) Diversity, equity, and inclusion grants. From the appropriation account under s. 20.437 (3) (r), award grants to public, private, or nonprofit entities that promote diversity and advance equity and inclusion.

SB545,14 Section 14 . 49.148 (4) (a) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB545,9,25 49.148 (4) (a) A Wisconsin works Works agency shall require a participant in a community service job or transitional placement who, after August 22, 1996, was convicted in any state or federal court of a felony that had as an element possession, use or distribution of a controlled substance to submit to a test for use of a controlled substance as a condition of continued eligibility. If the test results are positive, the Wisconsin works Works agency shall decrease the presanction benefit amount for that participant by not more than 15 percent for not fewer than 12 months, or for the remainder of the participant's period of participation in a community service job or transitional placement, if less than 12 months. If, at the end of 12 months, the individual is still a participant in a community service job or transitional placement and submits to another test for use of a controlled substance and if the results of the test are negative, the Wisconsin works Works agency shall discontinue the reduction under this paragraph. In this subsection, “controlled substance” does not include tetrahydrocannabinols in any form, including tetrahydrocannabinols contained in marijuana, obtained from marijuana, or chemically synthesized.

SB545,15 Section 15 . 49.79 (1) (b) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB545,10,18 49.79 (1) (b) “Controlled substance" has the meaning given in 21 USC 802 (6), except “controlled substance” does not include tetrahydrocannabinols in any form, including tetrahydrocannabinols contained in marijuana, obtained from marijuana, or chemically synthesized.

SB545,16 Section 16 . 59.54 (25) (title) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB545,10,20 59.54 (25) (title) Possession Regulation of marijuana.

SB545,17 Section 17 . 59.54 (25) (a) (intro.) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB545,11,5 59.54 (25) (a) (intro.) The board may enact and enforce an ordinance to prohibit the possession of marijuana, as defined in s. 961.01 (14), subject to the exceptions in s. 961.41 (3g) (intro.), and provide a forfeiture for a violation of the ordinance that is consistent with s. 961.71 or 961.72; except that if a complaint is issued regarding an allegation of possession of more than 25 grams of marijuana, or possession of any amount of marijuana following a conviction in this state for possession of marijuana alleging a violation of s. 961.72 (2) (b) 2., (c) 3., or (d) 4., the subject of the complaint may not be prosecuted under this subsection for the same action that is the subject of the complaint unless all of the following occur:

SB545,18 Section 18 . 66.0107 (1) (bm) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB545,11,16 66.0107 (1) (bm) Enact and enforce an ordinance to prohibit the possession of marijuana, as defined in s. 961.01 (14), subject to the exceptions in s. 961.41 (3g) (intro.), and provide a forfeiture for a violation of the ordinance that is consistent with s. 961.71 or 961.72; except that if a complaint is issued regarding an allegation of possession of more than 25 grams of marijuana, or possession of any amount of marijuana following a conviction in this state for possession of marijuana alleging a violation of s. 961.72 (2) (b) 2., (c) 3., or (d) 4., the subject of the complaint may not be prosecuted under this paragraph for the same action that is the subject of the complaint unless the charges are dismissed or the district attorney declines to prosecute the case.

SB545,19 Section 19 . 66.04185 of the statutes is created to read:

SB545,11,21 66.04185 Cultivation of tetrahydrocannabinols. No city, village, town, or county may prohibit cultivating tetrahydrocannabinols outdoors if the cultivation is by an individual who has no more than 6 marijuana plants at one time for his or her personal use.

SB545,20 Section 20. 73.17 of the statutes is created to read:

SB545,11,24 73.17 Medical marijuana registry program. (1) Definitions. In this section:

SB545,11,25 (a) “Debilitating medical condition or treatment” means any of the following:

SB545,12,6 1. Cancer; glaucoma; acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; a positive test for the presence of HIV, antigen or nonantigenic products of HIV, or an antibody to HIV; inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease; a hepatitis C virus infection; Alzheimer's disease; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; nail patella syndrome; Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome; post-traumatic stress disorder; or the treatment of these conditions.