NR 811.18(3)(3) If the depth of unconsolidated material is more than 60 feet, the grouted casing shall be seated in firm sandstone if the sandstone is the upper rock formation.

NR 811.18(4)(4) If the depth of unconsolidated material is less than 60 feet and the sandstone is the upper rock formation, the department shall be contacted for the required depth of grouted casing.

NR 811.19NR 811.19 Special requirements for limestone or dolomite wells. This section applies to wells drilled in formations commonly referred to as limestones and dolomites in Wisconsin. This includes the Niagara dolomite, the Galena-Platteville dolomite and the Prairie du Chien dolomite. When an acceptable sandstone aquifer can be utilized, construction of limestone or dolomite wells should be avoided. The following requirements apply to wells located in limestone and dolomite aquifers which are not overlain by consolidated shale or sandstone formations.

NR 811.19(1)(1) At a minimum, continuous disinfection, and possibly detention, shall be provided when the department determines that additional protection is necessary.

NR 811.19(3)(3) If the depth of unconsolidated material overlying the limestone is 60 feet or greater for a minimum radius of one-half mile and there is no record of sinkholes, quarries, improperly constructed wells, or outcrops within that area, the minimum depth of grouted casing shall be 60 feet. The department may require greater depths of grouted casing in areas where there is known bacteria or nitrate concentrations exceeding drinking water standards. The casing shall be installed to a depth of 10 feet below the anticipated pumping water level unless the department waives this requirement after finding it unnecessary in meeting the requirements of this chapter.

NR 811.19(4)(4) If the depth of unconsolidated material is more than 60 feet and only 60 feet of grouted casing is required by the department, the casing shall be seated in firm limestone.

NR 811.19(5)(5) If the depth of unconsolidated material is less than 60 feet at the well site or within one-half mile of the well site, the water system owner shall contact the department to determine the required minimum depth of grouted casing. An inner casing size of at least 12 inches in diameter shall be required to permit the installation of a grouted liner at a future date if the water from the well shows evidence of contamination. The department may waive the casing size requirement if it is demonstrated that it is unnecessary to meet the requirements of this chapter, but in that case a minimum of 100 feet of grouted casing is required.

NR 811.19 HistoryHistory: CR 09-073: cr. Register November 2010 No. 659, eff. 12-1-10; CR 22-074: am. (3), (5) Register January 2024 No. 817, eff. 2-1-24; correction in (5) made under s. 35.17, Stats., Register January 2024 No. 817.

NR 811.20NR 811.20 Special requirements for granite wells. The department shall be contacted for specific case-by-case constructional requirements for all proposed developments of wells in Precambrian igneous and metamorphic rock commonly referred to as “granite”. At a minimum, continuous disinfection and possibly detention, shall be provided when the department determines that additional protection is necessary.

NR 811.21NR 811.21 General requirements. Surface water sources include all lakes, rivers, and streams. The source of water selected by the water system owner as a surface water supply shall be from the best available source practicable. The source shall provide the highest quality water reasonably available which, with appropriate treatment and adequate safeguards, will meet the drinking water standards under ch. NR 809. The water system owner shall contact the department’s office of energy to initiate pre-application consultation regarding ch. 30, Stats., permitting. Any proposal that will result in a diversion from the Great Lakes basin requires department approval under s. 281.346, Stats. A water system that utilizes a surface water source shall meet all of the following requirements:

NR 811.21(1)(1) Quality. The water system owner shall conduct an investigative study that includes both natural and man-made factors that may affect water quality of the selected surface water supply. The study shall include all of the following:

NR 811.21(1)(c)(c) Assessing degree of hazard to the water supply by agricultural, industrial, recreational, shipping and residential activities in the watershed, and by accidental spillage of materials that may be harmful or detrimental to the treatment process.

NR 811.21(1)(d)(d) Assessing all waste discharges, point source and non-point source, and activities that could impact the water supply. The location of each waste discharge shall be shown on a scale map.

NR 811.21(1)(e)(e) For lakes, an analysis of the area water currents and for streams, an analysis of streamflows, and their potential impact on water quality. Consideration shall be given to potential wind and ice conditions.

NR 811.21(1)(f)(f) Obtaining samples that are representative of the proposed intake structure based on depth and location. Parameters that may be subject to seasonal variation shall be taken for a period of up to one year or over a sufficient period of time to assess such variation. Testing shall include turbidity, pH, alkalinity, hardness, bromide, total organic carbon, color, taste and odor, ammonia, microbiological organisms, heavy metals including lead and copper, volatile organics, synthetic organics, inorganics, and radiological characteristics of the water. The microbiological testing shall satisfy the Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule requirements found in ss. NR 809.33 to 809.335. The source water shall meet the surface water quality standards in ch. NR 102.

NR 811.21(2)(a)(a) Be adequate in conjunction with water from other existing sources to meet the maximum 20-year projected water demand of the service area, as shown by calculations based on a one in 50-year drought or the extreme drought of record, and shall include multiple year droughts.

NR 811.21 NoteNote: The department recommends water systems using a surface water supply source are provided with redundant intakes or an alternative means of supplying the maximum day water demand.

NR 811.21(2)(c)(c) Be adequate to provide ample water for other legal users of the source in accordance with ss. 30.18, 31.02, 281.35, and 281.41, Stats., and ch. NR 142.