NR 440.50(5)(e)(e) The owner or operator of any new turbine that commences construction after July 8, 2004, and which does not use water or steam injection to control NOx emissions may elect to use a NOx CEMS installed, certified, operated, maintained and quality-assured as described in par. (b). Other acceptable monitoring approaches include periodic testing approved by EPA, the department or local permitting authority or continuous parameter monitoring as described in par. (f).
NR 440.50(5)(f)(f) The owner or operator of a new turbine that commences construction after July 8, 2004, which does not use water or steam injection to control NOx emissions may perform continuous parameter monitoring as follows:
NR 440.50(5)(f)1.1. For a diffusion flame turbine without add-on selective catalytic reduction controls (SCR), the owner or operator shall define at least 4 parameters indicative of the unit’s NOx formation characteristics and shall monitor these parameters continuously.
NR 440.50(5)(f)2.2. For any lean premix stationary combustion turbine, the owner or operator shall continuously monitor the appropriate parameters to determine whether the unit is operating in low-NOx mode.
NR 440.50(5)(f)3.3. For any turbine that uses SCR to reduce NOx emissions, the owner or operator shall continuously monitor appropriate parameters to verify the proper operation of the emission controls.
NR 440.50(5)(f)4.4. For affected units that are also regulated under 40 CFR part 75, if the owner or operator elects to monitor the NOx emission rate using the methodology in Appendix E of 40 CFR part 75, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 (1), or the low mass emissions methodology in 40 CFR 75.19, the requirements of this paragraph may be met by performing the parametric monitoring described in section 2.3 of Appendix E of 40 CFR part 75 or in 40 CFR 75.19 (c) (1) (iv) (H).
NR 440.50(5)(g)(g) The steam or water to fuel ratio or other parameters that are continuously monitored as described in par. (a), (d) or (f) shall be monitored during the performance test required under s. NR 440.08, to establish acceptable values and ranges. The owner or operator may supplement the performance test data with engineering analyses, design specifications, manufacturer’s recommendations and other relevant information to define the acceptable parametric ranges more precisely. The owner or operator shall develop and keep on-site a parameter monitoring plan which explains the procedures used to document proper operation of the NOx emission controls. The plan shall include the parameters monitored and the acceptable ranges of the parameters as well as the basis for designating the parameters and acceptable ranges. Any supplemental data such as engineering analyses, design specifications, manufacturer’s recommendations and other relevant information shall be included in the monitoring plan. For affected units that are also subject to 40 CFR part 75 and that use the low mass emissions methodology in 40 CFR 75.19 or the NOx emission measurement methodology in Appendix E of 40 CFR part 75, the owner or operator may meet the requirements of this paragraph by developing and keeping on-site (or at a central location for unmanned facilities) a quality-assurance plan, as described in 40 CFR 75.19 (e) (5) or in section 2.3 of Appendix E and section 1.3.6 of Appendix B of 40 CFR part 75, both incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 (1).
NR 440.50(5)(h)(h) The owner or operator of any stationary gas turbine subject to the provisions of this section:
NR 440.50(5)(h)1.1. Shall monitor the total sulfur content of the fuel being fired in the turbine, except as provided in subd. 3. The sulfur content of the fuel shall be determined using total sulfur methods described in sub. (6) (d). Alternatively, if the total sulfur content of the gaseous fuel during the most recent performance test was less than 0.4 weight percent (4000 ppmw), ASTM D4084-94, D5504-01, D6228-98, or Gas Processors Association Standard 2377-86, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 (2) (a) 52., 64. and 68. and (m). respectively, which measure the major sulfur compounds may be used.
NR 440.50(5)(h)2.2. Shall monitor the nitrogen content of the fuel combusted in the turbine, if the owner or operator claims an allowance for fuel bound nitrogen, that is, if an F-value greater than zero is being or will be used by the owner or operator to calculate STD in sub. (3). The nitrogen content of the fuel shall be determined using methods described in sub. (6) (c) 9. or an approved alternative.
NR 440.50(5)(h)3.3. Notwithstanding the provisions of subd. 1., the owner or operator may elect not to monitor the total sulfur content of the gaseous fuel combusted in the turbine, if the gaseous fuel is demonstrated to meet the definition of natural gas in sub. (2) (L), regardless of whether an existing custom schedule approved by the department for this section requires the monitoring. The owner or operator shall use one of the following sources of information to make the required demonstration:
NR 440.50(5)(h)3.a.a. The gas quality characteristics in a current, valid purchase contract, tariff sheet or transportation contract for the gaseous fuel, specifying that the maximum total sulfur content of the fuel is 20.0 grains/100 scf or less.
NR 440.50(5)(h)3.b.b. Representative fuel sampling data which show that the sulfur content of the gaseous fuel does not exceed 20 grains/100 scf. At a minimum, the amount of fuel sampling data specified in section 2.3.1.4 or 2.3.2.4 of Appendix D to 40 CFR part 75, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 (1), is required.
NR 440.50(5)(h)4.4. For any turbine that commenced construction, reconstruction or modification after October 3, 1977, but before July 8, 2004, and for which a custom fuel monitoring schedule has previously been approved, the owner or operator may, without submitting a special petition to the department, continue monitoring on this schedule.
NR 440.50(5)(i)(i) The frequency of determining the sulfur and nitrogen content of the fuel shall be as follows:
NR 440.50(5)(i)1.1. ’Fuel oil.’ For fuel oil, use one of the total sulfur sampling options and the associated sampling frequency described in sections 2.2.3, 2.2.4.1, 2.2.4.2, and 2.2.4.3 of Appendix D to 40 CFR part 75, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 (1), that is, flow proportional sampling, daily sampling, sampling from the unit’s storage tank after each addition of fuel to the tank, or sampling each delivery prior to combining it with fuel oil already in the intended storage tank. If an emission allowance is being claimed for fuel-bound nitrogen, the nitrogen content of the oil shall be determined and recorded once per unit operating day.
NR 440.50(5)(i)2.2. ’Gaseous fuel.’ Any applicable nitrogen content value of the gaseous fuel shall be determined and recorded once per unit operating day. For owners and operators that elect not to demonstrate sulfur content using options in par. (h) 3., and for which the fuel is supplied without intermediate bulk storage, the sulfur content value of the gaseous fuel shall be determined and recorded once per unit operating day.
NR 440.50(5)(i)3.3. ’Custom schedules.’ Notwithstanding the requirements of subd. 2., operators or fuel vendors may develop custom schedules for determination of the total sulfur content of gaseous fuels, based on the design and operation of the affected facility and the characteristics of the fuel supply. Except as provided in subd. 3. a. and b., custom schedules shall be substantiated with data and shall be approved by the department before they can be used to comply with the standard in sub. (4).
NR 440.50(5)(i)3.a.a. The 2 custom sulfur monitoring schedules set forth in subd. 3 .a. 1) to 4) and in subd. 3. b. are acceptable, without prior department approval:
1) The owner or operator shall obtain daily total sulfur content measurements for 30 consecutive unit operating days, using the applicable methods specified in this section. Based on the results of the 30 daily samples, the required frequency for subsequent monitoring of the fuel’s total sulfur content shall be as specified in subd. 3. a. 2), 3) or 4), as applicable.
2) If none of the 30 daily measurements of the fuel’s total sulfur content exceeds 0.4 weight percent (4000 ppmw), subsequent sulfur content monitoring may be performed at 12-month intervals. If any of the samples taken at 12-month intervals has a total sulfur content between 0.4 and 0.8 weight percent (4000 and 8000 ppmw), follow the procedures in subd. 3. a. 3). If any measurement exceeds 0.8 weight percent (8000 ppmw), follow the procedures in subd. 3. a. 4).
3) If at least one of the 30 daily measurements of the fuel’s total sulfur content is between 0.4 and 0.8 weight percent (4000 and 8000 ppmw), but none exceeds 0.8 weight percent (8000 ppmw), then:
a) Collect and analyze a sample every 30 days for 3 months. If any sulfur content measurement exceeds 0.8 weight percent (8000 ppmw), follow the procedures in subd. 3. a. 4). Otherwise, follow the procedures in subd. 3. a. 3) b).
b) Begin monitoring at 6-month intervals for 12 months. If any sulfur content measurement exceeds 0.8 weight percent (8000 ppmw), follow the procedures in subd. 3. a. 4). Otherwise, follow the procedures in subd. 3. a. 3) c).
c) Begin monitoring at 12-month intervals. If any sulfur content measurement exceeds 0.8 weight percent (8000 ppmw), follow the procedures in subd. 3. a. 4). Otherwise, continue to monitor at this frequency.
4) If a sulfur content measurement exceeds 0.8 weight percent (8000 ppmw), immediately begin daily monitoring according to subd. 3. a. 1). Daily monitoring shall continue until 30 consecutive daily samples, each having a sulfur content no greater than 0.8 weight percent (8000 ppmw), are obtained. At that point, the applicable procedures of subd. 3. a. 2) or 3) shall be followed.
NR 440.50(5)(i)3.b.b. The owner or operator may use the data collected from the 720-hour sulfur sampling demonstration described in section 2.3.6 of Appendix D to 40 CFR part 75, incorporated by reference in s. NR 440.17 (1), to determine a custom sulfur sampling schedule, as follows:
1) If the maximum fuel sulfur content obtained from the 720 hourly samples does not exceed 20 grains/100 scf, that is, the maximum total sulfur content of natural gas as defined in sub. (2) (L), no additional monitoring of the sulfur content of the gas is required for the purposes of this section.
2) If the maximum fuel sulfur content obtained from any of the 720 hourly samples exceeds 20 grains/100 scf, but none of the sulfur content values, when converted to weight percent sulfur, exceeds 0.4 weight percent (4000 ppmw), then the minimum required sampling frequency shall be one sample at 12-month intervals.