DHS 157.78(10)(a)3.3. A hand-held intraoral dental radiographic unit shall be immobilized during a patient examination. A tube stand may be utilized to immobilize a hand-held intraoral dental radiographic unit during patient examination.

DHS 157.78(10)(a)4.4. The operator shall ensure there are no bystanders within a radius of at least 2 meters (6.5 ft) from the patient being examined during exposures.

DHS 157.78(10)(b)1.1. Hand-held intraoral dental radiographic units shall be used for patient examinations in dental offices that meet the structural shielding requirements specified by the department.

DHS 157.78(10)(b)2.2. Hand-held intraoral dental radiographic units may not be used for patient examinations in hallways and waiting rooms.

DHS 157.78 HistoryHistory: CR 01-108: cr. Register July 2002 No. 559, eff. 8-1-02; CR 16-078: am. (4) (d) 1., 3., (8) (title), (9) (a), cr. (10) Register January 2018 No. 745, eff. 2-1-18.

DHS 157.79(1)(1) General. The requirements of this section apply to all animal use x-ray systems used in veterinary practice and are in addition to other provisions in subchs. I and III.

DHS 157.79(2)(a)(a) The tube housing shall be electrically shock proof and of a diagnostic type. The x-ray tube may not be hand-held during exposures.

DHS 157.79(2)(c)(c) A dead-man type of exposure switch shall be provided with an electrical cord of sufficient length so that the operator or the assistant, may stand out of the useful beam and at least 2 meters (6.5 feet) from the table during all x-ray exposures. A foot operated exposure switch may be used and this switch may be integrated into the table base or the foot switch may be on a 2 meter (6.5 feet) cord.

DHS 157.79(3)(a)(a) The operator shall stand at least 2 meters (6.5 feet) from the tube housing and the animal during radiographic exposures. The operator may not stand in the useful beam. Hand-held fluoroscopic screens may not be used. The tube housing may not be held by the operator. No person other than the operator may be in an x-ray room while exposures are being made unless another person’s assistance is required.

DHS 157.79(3)(b)(b) During any application in which the operator is not located behind a protective barrier, the operator and any other persons in the room during exposures shall wear protective clothing consisting of a protective apron having a lead equivalent of not less than 0.5 millimeter unless measurements indicate otherwise.

DHS 157.79(3)(c)(c) Any person holding or supporting an animal or the image receptor during radiation exposure shall wear protective gloves that surround the hand and a protective apron having a lead equivalent of not less than 0.25 millimeter. Devices that only partially shield the hands are prohibited.

DHS 157.79(4)(4) Animal support. Mechanical restraints shall be used to restrict movement of the animal unless the restraints interfere with the examination of the animal. No persons may be regularly utilized to hold or support animals during radiation exposures. Operating personnel may not perform this service except in cases where no other person is available.

DHS 157.80(1)(1) Equipment requirements. A computed tomography (CT) x-ray system shall meet all of the following requirements, as applicable:

DHS 157.80(1)(a)1.1. Means shall be provided to terminate the x-ray exposure automatically by either de-energizing the x-ray source or shuttering the x-ray beam in the event of equipment failure affecting data collection. The termination shall occur within an interval that limits the total scan time to no more than 110% of its preset value through the use of either a back-up timer or devices which monitor equipment function. A visible signal shall indicate when the x-ray exposure has been terminated. The operator shall be able to terminate the x-ray exposure at any time during a scan, or series of scans under CT x-ray system control, of greater than one-half second duration.

DHS 157.80(1)(a)2.2. For systems that allow high voltage to be applied to the x-ray tube continuously and that control the emission of x-ray with a shutter, the radiation emitted may not exceed 0.88 mGy (100mR) in 1 hour at any point 5 centimeters outside the external surface of the housing of the scanning mechanism when the shutter is closed.

DHS 157.80(1)(a)3.3. Compliance shall be determined by measurements averaged over an area of 100 square centimeters with no linear dimension greater than 20 centimeters.

DHS 157.80(1)(b)1.1. A single tomogram system shall allow for visual determination of the tomographic plane or a reference plane offset from the tomographic plane.